DE1950357B2 - Spray material for metal flame spraying - Google Patents

Description

3 4

It is true that the properties of the sprayed-on metal should have a metallic effect for production Coatings known, metal particles with a layer can be obtained. Still be Resin to enclose, however, such powder- through the envelope are also electrically conductive Shaped or fine-grained workpieces not for the auxiliary materials through the synthetic resin layer short metal flame spraying but the one in 5 conclusions that could occur when in the relative flame large amount of the metal particles enveloping spray device worked with an arc Resin coat should be avoided during the spraying process.

be heated to such a temperature that it becomes or melts on the previously mentioned pre-sticky, so that the particles parts that stick together with the spray material after then on the workpiece and are connected io of the invention are those by the form a coating. The metal particles of this large area with open passage through the material are not changed in this known method of the flame of the metal spray device of the danger of their aggregate state; i ₅ coating with the synthetic resin effective against oxy-

Such a metal synthetic resin powder contains self-dation and corresponding oxide inclusions in the

understandably no flux addition. sprayed metal layer protected, although the

Other powders with a metallic effect are known, thin resin coating is only able to produce a which consist of granules of a refractory or even short flight time of the particles between the metal not fusible material and an ao. flame spray device and the workpiece to be thinned Have metal coating that bridges the way and then decomposes, so that the manufactured that the granular particles do not affect the melting process of the sprayed metal a temperature below its melting temperature is disturbed.

temperature and the metal, which has a substantially lower melting point, numerous metals and metal alloys can be used in finely divided form, for which a section is sprayed onto the granular material below, where a number of examples are given. · - \ ί then distributed itself and forms the coating on the granular base material. After cooling, the granular material can usually be sprayed and the following metals and alloys can also be used with appropriate lacquer or other stanchions only as an example and the additives are intended as a coating material for the production of other metals and surfaces with a metallic appearance can be used. Alloys within the scope of the invention are not suitable. However, such a material is suitable for metal cabinets. Flame spraying cannot be used. ₁ ",

It is known of welding rods that the adhesive 35 '...,.

² · Copper-based alloys such as the following

by improving that the flux with a following:

Resin binder is mixed before it is applied to the rod a) brass-containing alloys, from

is applied. The resin binder then has some additional features in its composition

borrowed the advantageous property for the welding rod, 40. are similar to the specified:

that the flux at the absorption of moisture content in »/»

during its storage is prevented. Em ". ™ u · gr

Such an improved welding rod may have an excitation 7 ν 0 "5 h" s 40

give, also used for flame spraying _! ⁿ . ·>',. ..

Flux coated wires similar to 4.5 J..1 η h "4.

improve the flux coating by silicon υ dis *

more intensive baking with the binder stronger b) bronze-containing alloys, of which

and made more uniform. A suggestion similar to some in composition

Difficulties faced when sharing the following are: Spraying a metallic fine-grained base 50

materials together with a powdery flux constituent content in / 0

medium to master and especially the fine copper 80 to 9 °, 75

To maintain distribution permanently, the tin can 1.25 to 20

Expert not obtained from it. Silicon 0 to 4

The spray material can be made from a mixture of zinc 0 to 4

consist in which the metal particles and the mild ^iron . ·. · Nwo

medium particles each with thermosetting aluminum 0 to 2

Are coated with synthetic resin. In a modification of Manganese 0 to 2

The metal particles can also be layered with _c ) copper-nickel alloys, of which

a layer of a mixture of flux 60, some similar in composition

and thermosetting resin. <j _he is given below:

Finally, the flux in the thermosetting component content can be in · /.

Resin may be contained in dissolved form, with 60 Γ-92 for hardness

heat is gradually added to the synthetic resin νγ'ΊΤ 40 b '** 8

that is. 65 ". 0 to 2

^Dissolve in the layer of thermosetting synthetic resin

electrically conductive auxiliary tools, such as d) copper-nickel-zinc alloys, from deGraphit, be stored, which means that some of the composition

1

5
borrowed from the following are:

Component salary in Vo

Copper 15 to 75

Nickel 10 to 30

Zinc 10 to 42

e) silicon-bronze alloys of which some are similar in composition to the one given below:

IO

Part of Gehait m ⁰ Zo

Copper 90 to 99

Silicon 1 to 10

f) Aluminum-bronze alloys, some of which are similar in their composition which are given below:

Component salary in Vo

Copper 75 to 96

Aluminum 4 to 16 ao

Iron 0 to 3

Silicon 0 to 5

Manganese 0 to 1

3. Nickel-based alloys such as the following:

a) Alloys with predominantly nickel, some of which in their composition Similar to the ones given below are:

30 component salary in Vo

Manganese up to 4.5

Aluminum up to 4.5

Silicon up to 1.5

. Nickel rest

b) Nickel-copper alloys, some of which are similar in composition of the following are:

Component content in Vo

Copper 28 to 31

Aluminum 0 to 3

Silicon 0 to 5

Nickel rest

c) Nickel-chromium-iron alloys, some of which are similar in composition of the following are:

Component salary in Vo

Chrome 5 to 40 5 «

Iron 5 to 25

Silicon 0 to 2

Nickel rest

d) nickel-molybdenum-chromium-iron Legierun- _5S gene, some of which are given below similar in composition:

Component content in ° / o

Molybdenum up to 25

Silicon up to 10

Copper up to 3

Chrome up to 25

Iron to 20

Tungsten up to 4 ^6s

Nickel rest

e) Nickel-chromium-molybdenum-copper alloy

357

genes, some of which are similar in composition to that given below are:

Component content in V »

Chromium 20 to 30

Molybdenum 5 to 10

Copper 3 to 7

Nickel rest

f) Chromium-nickel alloys, some of which are similar in composition of the following are:

Component content in V ₀

Nickel 20 to 75

Carbon to 2.5

Silicon up to 2

Iron rest

g) Nickel-boron-silicon alloys, of which some are similar in composition to the one given below:

Component salary in Vo

Bor bi «5

Silicon up to 6

Iron up to 5

Chrome up to 20

Cobalt to 3

Copper up to 3

Nickel rest

4. Iron-based alloys such as the following:

a) Cast iron alloys, some of which are similar in composition to that of the following are:

Component salary in Vo

Carbon 2 to 5

Silicon 0 to 4

Manganese 0 to 2

Phosphorus 0 to 1

Iron rest

b) Abrasion-resistant cast iron alloys, some of which are similar in composition of the following are:

Component salary in Vo

Carbon 2 to 3.7

Silicon 0.25 to 1.6

Manganese 0.30 to 1.25

Chromium 0 to 30

Nickel Obis 5

Phosphorus 0 to 4

Iron rest

c) Corrosion-resistant cast iron alloys, some of which in their composition Similar to the ones given below are:

Type with a high silicon content Component content in Vo

Carbon 0.4 to 1

Silicon 14 to 17

Manganese 0.4 to 1

Molybdenum 0 to 3.5

Iron rest

Type with a high chromium content

Component salary in Vu

Carbon 1,2 to 4

Silicon 0.5 to 3

Manganese 0.3 to 1.5

Nickel 1 to 5

Chromium 12 to 35

Copper 0 to 3

Molybdenum 0 to 4

Iron rest

Type with high nickel noise

Component content in Vn

Carbon 1.5 to 3

Silicon 1 to 2.57

Manganese 0.4 to 1.5

Nickel 14 to 32

Chromium 1.75 to 5.5

Copper 0 to 7

Molybdenum 0 to 1 "°

Iron rest

d) Alloys with hard surfaces, some of which are similar in composition of the following are: »5

Chromium-molybdenum-manganese type

Part of Gehall in Vo

Carbon 0.6 to 3.5

Manganese up to 2

Silicon up to 1

Chromium 3 to 7

Nickel up to 3

Molybdenum up to 3.5

Vanadium up to 3.5

Iron rest

Chromium-molybdenum type

Component content in "/ 0

Carbon 0.6 bir, 4.2

Manganese 0 to 3.5

Silicon 0 to 0.7

Chromium 7 to 15

Nickel 0 to 4.6

Molybdenum 0 to 0.90

Tungsten 0 to 3.5

Vanadium 0 to 1

Iron rest

Molybdenum-Vanadium-Chromium-Type

Besland part salary in Vo

Carbon 0.8 to 3.6

Manganese 0.9 to 4.7

Molybdenum 5.6 to 15.3

Vanadium 0 to 2.4

Boron 0 to

Iron rest

Chromium-Nickcl-Molybdenum-Type

Component salary in Vo

Carbon 2.1 to 3.9

Manganese 0 to 0.9

Silicon 0 to 1.2

Chromium 18 to 32

Molybdenum 0 to 6 «5

Vanadium 0 to 1.5

Cobalt 0 to 6

Iron rest

Cobalt chrome type

Component salary in Vo

Carbon 2.3 to 3.6

Manganese 0 to 0.6

Silicon 0 to 1.6

Chromium 15.4 to 16

Nickel 0 to 6

Molybdenum 0 to 3.1

Cobalt 2 to 20

Iron rest

e) cobalt-chromium-tungsten alloys, some of which in their composition Similar to the ones given below are:

Component salary in Vo

Carbon 1.1 to 3.2

Manganese 0 to 0.25

Silicon 0.3 to 1.5

Chromium 24 to 33

Tungsten 5 to 19

Nickel 0 to 25

Cobalt rest

f) high-speed steels, some of which are similar in composition to that below specified are:

Tungsten type

Component salary in Vo

Carbon 0.7 to 1.5

Chromium 4 to 4.5

WoIIram 12 to 20

Vanadium 1 to 5

Cobalt 0 to 12

Iron rest

Molybdenum type

Component salary in Vo

Carbon 0.8 to 1.5

Chromium 0 to 4

Molybdenum 3.5 to 8

Tungsten 1.5 to 6

Vanadium 1 to 5

Cobalt 0 to 12

Iron rest

5. aluminum

6. Aluminum fittings such as the following:

a) aluminum-silicon alloys, from some of which are similar in composition to that given below:

Component salary in Vo

Silicon 4 to 12

Copper 0 to 5

Aluminum rest

b) aluminum-manganese alloys, some of which are similar in composition of the following are:

Component salary in Vo

Manganese up to 10

Copper up to 5

Nickel up to 2.5

Silicon up to 12

Zinc up to 2

Aluminum rest

I 950 357 L

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7. Silver-based alloys, some of which it is further understood that to achieve a in their composition; Similar to the uniform coating of synthetic resin on the above are given: surfaces of the metal particles the synthetic resins in one

compatible liquid can be dissolved,

^{Bcsliimlleil Gelalt} '" ^{/ o} 5 games in alcohol. The metal particles can

Silver ι · In ^{coated with clcnl synthetic resin} in different ways.

Kupfcr ο is 40 _{lel wcr (} j _cn . For example the Melallpartikel

^zinc ·. j '! ^s ^ and the dissolved synthetic resin in a conventional mixer

Cadmium to Zi can be mixed together. In addition, heat can

In addition to the aforementioned metals, the io is to be added to the resin coatings on the

The invention can also be applied to such other metal purifications to give the opportunity to

tallc like zinc, cadmium, indium, lead, tin as well as add and bind.

Alloys based on zinc, cadmium, in-line further embodiment of the invention

dium, lead and tin; furthermore on chromium and Lcgic- the combination of a resin-flux agent

Chromium-based stanchions, as well as platinum, palladium, 15 mixtures as a thin coating on metal and

Ruthenium, indium and their base alloys. Metal alloy particles. It has been shown that

As already mentioned, the invention is, for example, such a synthetic resin Flußmittcl coating on Mc-

also applicable to metal carbides, such as metal particles all of the above

Vanadium carbide. In general, such parts of the invention are provided and, in addition, the

Materials with metal and flow properties of the metal particles serving as additives are improved,

powders mixed or mixed, for example with Es ist ven. Finally that one with a synthetic resin

Nickel, iron, cobalt or their alloys as well as a flux mixture coated metal particles select

other metals and alloys mentioned herein, rend their passage through the flame or the

whereupon the mixture is then flame-sprayed to protect the arc from oxidation

to produce a matrix metal coating in which _a5 also contains the synthetic resin and flux

! the carbide is distributed within the matrix metal. layered particles on the properties of the

Examples of metal-containing materials that are used intensively in flux, since there ·; Huss-

Bonding with matrix metal powder are used means around the metal particles.

can "are oxides, carbides, suicides, nitrides and it was also found that the synthetic resin-i'luß-

Boridc 'litr.cbeständigcr metals such as vanadium, ₃₀ mittcl-Übcrzug the Mctallpartikeln the - ¹ ^ r-

Niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, chromium, surface of the sprayed-on layer against Ox \. '.ion

Protects molybdenum, tungsten and the like.

Examples of synthetic resins. Finally, the flux rule avoids / 1:> ker

in the spray layer and thus creates em: 'ro-

The warm ₃ . _{b] cm out of the way> das dje Industric} I _111n - .. y.cit

curable synthetic resins are characterized by being adversely affected

_{that this} embodiment of the invention is possible at the temperature of the spray flame

decompose: the use of various metals and V iH-

a) silicone resins, alloys, as mentioned in the prefix "J-

b) phenolic resins, 40 which are then coated with a thin layer of a.! er

c) epoxy resins, the synthetic resins listed above ■ ind,

d) polyester resins. including an addition of flux. ^ es The amount that is connected to the synthetic resin coating in certain amounts of the base. Na ^ - o

Matcrials 2 B. Metal particles, to be used, examples of fluxes are listed. Synthetic resin is due to the specific gravity of the 45 grains used in the invention Resin and the metal used, examples of fluxes

also by the size of the surface of the so
coated patikcln and by their volume. ^üle general chemical composition .- ^

This amount should be within the limits, flux is known in the art, which are given by the following formulas 5 ° -, _{Bora) e wje Calcium Borate, Sodium Borate} , Illd: Potassium borate.

Minimum proportion of synthetic resin in percent by weight 2. molten borax,

ρ ³ · fluoborates, such as calcium, sodium and

= τ K _x -, ₅₅ potassium fluoborates,

P ^ 4. Fluorides, such as calcium and lithium fluorui.-

Maximum synthetic resin content in percent by weight ⁵ - chlorides, such as potassium and nickel chlorides.

n. acids, such as boric acid _{= rKa} -. ^P L ·, 7. alkali metals,

² Pm ' _6o 8. Nitrates, such as sodium nitrate,

_where at ⁹ ' ^carbonates ' like calcium carbonates

£ '- k ⁷ n ¹ Ui-S ¹ ^ ^{the amount of} to mix with the synthetic resins

Γτ = snezifisches Ge'wicht of the resin, f ^ ^{n Flu ßmit} _f "^ ™ d the amount of the metal particles,

[- ν ^ ^ ΛΪΐΐΙΐΓ Λ-fc Lr surface to 6 ₅ ^ko can be defined as follows:

Volume of the metal to be coated 1. The percentage ranges of the to be used!

Particles of 1 'mm, synthetic resins are made according to the formula above:

Pm - specific weight of the metal particles. certainly.

2. The amount of flux to be mixed with the synthetic resin can be determined as follows:

For metal particles requiring flux it has been shown that the amount of flux to Weight of the metal particles used approximately in the range from 0.050 to 5 percent by weight may be, preferably in the range from 0.1 to 1 percent by weight.

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The flux can be mixed with the synthetic resin in a number of ways; for example the flux may be included in the synthetic resin coating adhering to the surface of the metal particles or the flux can, if possible, be dissolved in a dissolving synthetic resin or be dispensed.

Another embodiment of the invention is carried out the coating of flux particles with a resin coating. In the case of metal flame spraying, ao Many attempts have been made to mix flux particles with the metal particles and in this way to give the metallic spray jet suitable flowability and wettability. A such mechanical mixing of flux as and metals did not lead to the desired success because of the differences in the specific Weights, which means that the mixture components are already before or during the passage separates the mixture through the flame. Furthermore, many fluxes tend to melt, with the result that the flux becomes moist and thus reduces the flowability of the mixture. Another problem associated with the use of fluxes is that some fluxes use Burn out unprotected passage through the flame arc before reaching the workpiece. The difference the specific gravity between the flux and the metal parts also causes a layering of the two components, which makes it difficult to transport these mixtures.

It has been found that coating the flux particles with synthetic resin enables the coated flux particles to remain mechanically mixed with Λ ^ η metal particles, so that the properties and advantages of the flux are better when a spray material is used in various metal spraying processes. It is also essential that a thin synthetic resin layer on flux particles protects the flux and prevents it from burning when the mixture of coated metal particles and coated flux particles is passed through the flame or by an arc during flame spraying. The synthetic resin coating on the flux particles also prevents the absorption of moisture. This embodiment of the invention thus has a spray-on material for the content, which consists of a mechanical mixture of synthetic resin-coated metal particles and synthetic resin-coated flux particles. The synthetic resin coating can be carried out by various known methods, such as by mixing a dissolved phenolic resin with a borate flux, for example calcium borate, in a conventional mixer, with which the surfaces of the flux are then covered with a thin layer of synthetic resin, whereupon enough heat can be applied to cure the resin. The heat is supplied in stages and care is taken that the temperature inside the mixer does not exceed the curing temperature of the synthetic resin.

The ratio between the synthetic resin to be bonded with the flux and the flux can according to the specific weights of the synthetic resin and the flux used, depending on the surface area the particles to be coated and the volume of these particles to be coated will. The best results have been achieved when the ratio of resin and flux is in the ranges given by the formula below fall:

Minimum synthetic resin content in percent by weight _ Pr

¹ Pf '

Maximum synthetic resin content in percent by weight “ Pr

Pf

where K ₁ = IJ-IO- ³ mm,

K ₂ = 430 · ΙΟ- » _mrn>

Pr = specific weight of synthetic resin,

Pf = specific weight of the flux particles,

τ = ratio of the surface area to the volume of the flux particles to be coated in units of l / mm.

It should be noted that the term "particles" used here applies to all those particle sizes should refer to, which are common in the various flame spraying processes, for example Particle sizes below 0.037 mm; but the term also includes granules.

Claims (6)

It is known to use a metallic base material as patent claims - spray-on material for metal flame spraying as patent claims. ^ P ^ ^ coating flux too 1. Spray-on material for the metal-flame-provided, with which then » ^s dj ^ JJ ^ J ^^ X spray, consisting; Us a metallic, not 5 device in the before seen Dojning d-smetansehe <self-flowing base material and a flux base material and the flux jointly means, characterized in that the workpiece is injected spraying device both as a non-ferrous metal, ferrous metal, It is also known _der Spntev ^ Mchtung alloy or present as metal carbide the metallic ^ Gnmdmatenal ais powder ^ a zu_ base material as well as that preferably from ₁₀ offer, but V eßucnj ^ π a borate existing flux fine-grained powder also flux '". ^^^ IS the are distributed and the particles of the two sub- ^feed , mange s technls. ^ch " ^r . ™ ^ B _e a _rbei punching a thin layer of heat- Attempts failed siniB ™ _e "f ^ ™ _ curable, sichin the spray flame decomposing processing transitions and ^mancipatio ^ ^e ^ ° ^ Jj S ™ £ _ synthetic resin such as phenolic resin, are coated. t ₅ rials, however, is adding to the learning 2. Material according to claim 1, characterized in granular form for metal spraying, especially gun indicates that each of them is warm. However, it was noticeable that., curable resin coated metal and the powdery or rhyme Flux particles form a mixture. the mixture segregate, 3 Material according to claim 1, thereby being _ao and then the remise indicates that the powdery ^ "^ Jf ^ meicht _is in modification of the coating The metal particles are burned out with a layer before the sugar rises a mixture of flux and thermosetting. The invention desha ^ J ^d '«task and, are encased in synthetic resin. a spray material for the MrtaU flame 4. Material according to claims 1 and 3, to create 25 inject with aemw characterized in that the flux in the advantages of the powder flame spray. thermosetting synthetic resin dissolved is contained uniform and also ae and that for the hardening of the synthetic resin gradual distribution wise heat has been applied. Flux particles 5 material according to one of claims 1 to 4, 30 device in the characterized in that in the layer from It should neither _{n wanrenu Iau} . thermosetting synthetic resin electrically conductive cheap U ^m p ^b " ⁿ 8 ^sten ^ _n ^e 5f p ^ mmVpritzvorrichtunE Auxiliary materials such as graphite are incorporated. Gerer occupational phases e.ner Plammspntzvomcntun _b 6. Create material after one of the preceding faults. Claims, characterized in that the 35 The solution of this Aufgalx success,: be erne flux a proportion of 0.05 to 5, preferential Flammspntzwerkstoff & ™ * && ^™ η ^ ₁ ^ "_ fj _layer, 0.1 to weight percent! , based on the invention thereby * ^ ohlj «. ^ _ the weight of the metal particles, where ferrous metal, ferrous metal, ^ Leg« g ^ the minimum proportion of the thermosetting synthetic carbide present ^ "^^ f" l ^^ VußJttel the minimum resin is given by the relation ₄₀ zugswe.e from eme, ^ ^ _v Pr substances from a thin layer of warmth TX ₁ - Artifacts that decompose in the spray flame ¹ synthetic resin, such as phenolic resin, are encased i ^^ Kunstha, and the maximum proportion of thermosetting synthetic resin is prevented by certain "^ f ¹ ^ ^ Synthetic resin separates a one-man gesture " Pr Sn mixture if how to do this * -V--. _can> metal particles and flux particles ^Pf ₅ o separates from each other are enveloped. The synthetic resin but also prevents the ingress of moisture ■ ' _n - to the flux and thus to gluing and bonding K ₁ = 1.7 · 10- »mm, _{the mixture SOW} ohl in storage as K ₂ = 430 x 10-3 mm. Metal flame spraying device container, Pr = specific weight of the synthetic resin "^ can be fed to _{the nozzle without interference} Pf = specific gravity of the flux- 55 »^^, ^, j ^ _{ver also} prevents the coating P ^artles . , .. " _the premature separation of the powder form r = ratio of the surface area to the da »vo ze t, ^ ^ ^ ^^ _sje ^ Volume of the metal JS workpiece to be coated can do _{its job.} It needs to be seen in units of I / mm ^ ^u ^ ^ _{n wcwissent} excess of flux to be seen, which has a cost-saving effect. As a result of the use of a wärmehartbiiivn Synthetic resin, as opposed to thermoplastic Synthetic resins not sticky when heated again ll J ^ "^^ Synthetic resins with renewed g The invention relates to a spraying material for 6 ₅ will be able to the coated Jj ^ "^ the metal flame spraying,-metallic consisting of a me- SpntzvomehUmg u J, £ ub mth vcr ^ ⁿ · not selbstfließcnden base material and a trouble-free. Beti.cb du Vomclilun _t fecwa a flux. ^{lclslel lsU}