DE2041443B2 - Impulse generator for bipolar pulses - consists of cascade formation of multivibrators or blocking oscillators - Google Patents

Abstract

An impulse generator is presented as one of a set of similar generators. The generator produces a square pulse of one polarity, followed immediately by a pulse of the opposite polarity, the pulse width and frequency being determined by the components in the circuit. This kind of output may be produced by cascaded multivibrators and this is briefly mentioned, but the main presentation is of what amounts to cascaded blocking oscillators, the second being triggered from the recovery overshoot of the first. A feedback loop from second to first stage is also incorporated in this arrangement. A further circuit is presented which clamps overshoots and filters the output to produce pulse chains in which each bipolar pulse is sinusoidal in shape.

Description

Unstable state controlled wjrd ^ d ^ en ^

The invention relates to an electronic pulse generated and of _two polarity

generator for generating a group of pulses. the two ρ ^ _Ve seduced

namely two consecutive pulses under- «^; _{Γθ εΓ pulse genera according to the} invention or .st there-

^SC SS, ^ S ^ 259 is already an electronic ^^^ gS m ^ hS SC ^

.mpuTsgenerator for generating uninterrupted Im- * « ^ls ^^ Sger and that the second blocking

pulse sequences, namely three against each other, each by ^ "d ^ rrsc _{B. k flank of the} rectangular im- 50 sch« ng r du rc ^^ ^. _{ρ den b} ,

Pulse sequences with the same frequency are described. Schwinger er g _{By utilizing the}

where each of the three pulse trains are _{followed by a ^^ ^ e, the supplied pulses}

Tstable toggle switch, namely a Gege ^ ^^ Zc ^ Näe, Vortei.hafterwe.se, st to this

ST ^ S SSl = S ^ * »^ -jSS S.pul.eneratorundWe.e, Kl All three push-Sperrschw.nge, -Will overall ^ TdZsLIn be on hand F. G. ■ to 7

--Z ^^^^ iB h; For the circuit diagram of an embodiment - a rectangle phase shifted by a third of a period - [ ^{8 of} the pulse generator _{according to the invention,}

AK = SaSAiV - ^ _{1n Ausiühru} " _esbc , _SP ; c,., _Rfriw ...

'λΤ ^^: ^. "ΪΓ ^ 4" ^ 9 ve,, »en _{| 7} - ₌ :" _{g! 6emäBen} , _{ul 8c} "e" _T e, wendel will. This 1 ^ """. S» g, e. Two successive impulses each "nS ^ JS ^ Ä ^ ut ^ Ä ^ d. · .E ^ elii.dlie.erPola.üa ,.

Fig. 6 shows a further development of the one shown in FIG lmoulsgenerators and

pie 7 of this training to the consumer This shows, here sinusoidal impulses, both of which together form a full period of a sinusoidal oscillation

'"s η in Fig-1 shown block diagram of a Ausfühngsbeispiels of impulsgenera invention -" * ^tor for generating two successive Impul ^ _ntersc hiedlicher polarity has the two mono- to ^{S <abilen} multivibrators Gl and G2, of which th the ^St Gi by a _{Start signal 5 is} controlled in the unstable Zu ^er d and generates the first pulse Ji. The second flip-flop C2 generates the second im-

, I _{2 of} opposite polarity. Both impulses Ji ^pU _{d 'who} supplied the consumers V. The shot at Hen-flops Gl and G2 represent in each case high performance donating blocking Schwind ° r which in its standby mode at most a small Verlustleistune _hen consumer- η we-Largely because of the most low loss power consumption in standby mode and no or generally customary lack of a collector ohmic resistance these blocking oscillators have the desired high level of efficiency. The pulse generator is designed so that the second SDerrschwinger G2 by the in F i g. 1 indicated trailing edge 5 'of the first pulse / 1 generated by the first blocking oscillator Cl is controlled into the unstable state. As a result of this control of the second ₃ c SDerrschwingers G2 in the unstable state, the second pulse / 2 of opposite polarity is generated and fed to the consumer V.

The blocking oscillators Gl and G2 shown in FIG. B. the one in F i g. 2, which has the collector winding 11 and the feedback winding. Both windings are part of a transformer Ül which here has a third output winding Uli via which a circuit shown in FIG. 3 shown off-Bangsimpuls is supplied to the consumer V. The transistor Tl contained in the blocking oscillator is supplied at its base by a voltage divider ΗίιΚψ 111 or \ via the resistor Rl with base current

^S ° fout the resistance Rq is provided instead of the capacitor, Knnn this locking rocker, in particular by in F i g. 2 indicated, the pulse generator externally supplied start signal S can be controlled into the unstable state. However, if the resistor Rq is replaced by a sufficiently large capacitor Π in w, rd generates the start signal from the output pulse generated by the blocking oscillator and fed to the consumer V by temporarily reloading the capacitor O from a pulse corresponding to the output pulse via the winding UI, finally ifSSisior T1 through the trailing edge of the corresponding pulse through the winding III initially in the blocking state and only after the reversal of the charge reversal of the capacitor O again .η the conductive state is controlled. In this case, the capacitor CX is used to generate the Starts.gnals S. that is delayed compared to the output pulse, ie the Starts ^ na ⁸ ! is generated by delaying a pulse corresponding to the output pulse, the duration of the delay being determined by the size of the capacitance of the capacitor O.

The in F i g. The pulse shown in FIG. 3 and fed to the consumer has an overshoot voltage peak Ur on its trailing edge S ', the amplitude of which is due in particular to the insertion of the in FIG. 2 shown rectifier Cl parallel to a winding of the transformer UL can be greatly reduced.

F i g. 4 shows schematically an embodiment of the pulse generator according to the invention, in which the in FIG. 1 blocking oscillators Gl and Gl each have a structure similar to that in FIG. 2 have known blocking oscillators, as can be achieved by a corresponding choice of the one shown in FIG. 4 used symbols for the transistors windings and resistors has been highlighted. The first pulse / 1 is fed to the consumer V via the winding llll of the transformer Ül. The transformer Ül corresponds in terms of its circuit and mode of operation to the transformer Ül, d. The collector winding 21 corresponds to the collector winding 11, the feedback winding 211 corresponds to the feedback winding 111, the output winding 21 II corresponds to the output winding Uli, and the voltage divider R3 / R4 corresponds to the voltage divider Ri / Rq / i \ l or Rl / Cl / lll . A major deviation from the one shown in FIG. 2, the known blocking oscillator shown here consists in that the transformer Ül of the blocking oscillator Gl also has a fourth winding 11V, via which the second blocking oscillator G2 - by the trailing edge 5 'of the first pulse / 1 generated by the first blocking oscillator Gl, in particular by its overshoot voltage Ur - is controlled into the unstable state. By controlling the second blocking oscillator G2 in the unstable state with the aid of the control signal S ' , this second blocking oscillator generates the output pulse / 2 of opposite polarity on its output winding 2111, which is also fed to the consumer V.

In the case of the FIG. 4 shown inventive pulse generator is the first blocking oscillator Gl by a start signal, for. B. by the start signal 5, controlled in the unstable state, whereby this first blocking oscillator generates the first pulse / 1. The second blocking oscillator G2 is controlled into the unstable state by the trailing edge S 'of the first pulse / 1, in particular by its overshoot voltage Ur, and therefore the second pulse / 2 of opposite polarity is generated after the first pulse / 1. Both pulses / 1 and / 2 are fed to consumer V because of the series connection of output windings 1111 and 2111.

If instead of the one shown in FIG. 4, the resistor Rq is provided and the start signal S is supplied from the outside to the pulse generator, then the two consecutive pulses of opposite polarity supplied to the consumer V correspond to the two shown in FIG. 5 between the times r = 0 and t = r0 successive pulses of opposite polarity / 1 // 2. A second start signal S supplied to the pulse generator at time t- iO provides the consumer V with the values shown in FIG. 5 further two successive pulses JVI Jl 'shown .

If the resistor Rq shown in FIG. 4 is replaced by the capacitor Cl, the start signal S arises here, as already stated above, by delaying a pulse corresponding to the pulse / 1. In this case, the blocking oscillator Gl in is co-determined by the capacitance of the capacitor Cl.

th time intervals in each case the start signals S, as in FIG. 5 is indicated. This start signal generated by the pulse generator itself causes the pulse generator, as shown in FIG. 5, two successive pulses of different polarity are repeatedly generated, which can serve as ringing signals in particular for some switching systems.

F i g. 6 shows a further development of the in FIG. 4 shown pulse generator, which differs from the in F i g. 4 is distinguished by the addition of the rectifiers Gi and Gl , which, as already stated above, limit the value of the overshoot voltage. This rectifier can largely prevent high overshoot voltages from being fed to the consumer V.

In addition, in the development shown in FIG. 6, a low-pass filter RS / Cl is provided at the output of the pulse generator, whereby the consumer V largely keeps the high frequencies of the frequency spectrum originally contained in the pulses / 1 and / 2. In particular, by suitably dimensioning the low-pass filter attached to the output of the pulse generator, it can be achieved that largely only the lowest frequency of the entire frequency spectrum originally contained in the inputs Ji and Jl is fed to the consumer V. Here, therefore, only two approximately sinusoidal half-wave pulses of different polarity are fed to the consumer V, both of which together correspond to a full period of a sinusoidal oscillation. So could z. B. when dimensioning the in F i g. 6 according to the resistance and capacitance values entered there for a consumer which had 320 ohms, at the output of the pulse generator the values shown in FIG. 7 pulses shown can be detected with the aid of an oscilloscope. From these oscillograms it can be seen that a largely harmonic-free full cycle of a sinusoidal oscillation was delivered to the consumer V by the pulse generator according to the invention. The oscilograms also showed that the curve shape of the full periods supplied to the consumer differ only insignificantly from one another when the resistance of the consumer is oohm instead of 320 ohm. The exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is therefore advantageously dimensioned in such a way that the individual full periods emitted by the pulse generator are largely independent of the size of the resistance of the consumer V with regard to their shape.

In a manner similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, either the one shown in FIG. 6 shown resistor /? Q provided and the start signal 5 fed from the outside of the pulse generator, or it can be, for. B. a capacitor Ct can be provided, whereby the start signal is generated here by the first blocking oscillator. In the latter case, individual full periods of sinusoidal oscillations are fed to the consumer V at time intervals predetermined by the capacitance of the capacitor C1, as shown in FIG. 7 shows. Another embodiment of the pulse generator according to the invention is characterized in that the pulse generator is provided several times. An example of this is shown in FIG. 1 indicated. This is because the first pulse generator I is provided there, which contains the two blocking oscillators C1 and Gl and generates the two impulses of opposite polarity / 1 and / 2. In addition, a second pulse generator II is provided, which here contains the blocking oscillators Gl and Gi , which in turn generate the two pulses of opposite polarity / 2 and β. The blocking oscillator Gl is therefore a component of both pulse generators here. The generated pulses Ji. / 2 and β are fed to the consumer V , as a result of which a total of 3 consecutive pulses of different polarity JMJlIβ are fed to the consumer, as in FIG. 1 is indicated. Which belongs to the second pulse generator Il third blocking oscillator C3 is controlled here by the trailing edge 5 "of the signal generated from the blocking oscillator (72 pulse Jl in the unstable state. Here, therefore, corresponds to the first blocking oscillator of the second pulse generator to the blocking oscillator G2, and the second blocking oscillator of the second pulse generator to the Blocking oscillator G3 and the first pulse of the second blocking oscillator to the pulse / 2 and the second impulse of opposite polarity of the second blocking oscillator to the pulse ß.

Advantageously, a multiple provision of the pulse generator according to the invention can thus be achieved be that more than two consecutive pulses of different polarity the consumer V can be supplied, with only very small losses occurring despite very high output powers.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

Claims (1)

Slung de ^U n ^g second impulse of opposite _I0 can -.ehem ^^ ^ by a Starts.gnalm Fig6) parallel to a WicklujgOUIldesSper, "^ en -in den _so 5 _dwk ", Lnwingenrantforma.ors (Oil. 02) g.seha. «*. ^ S _lmpuls genera.ors tu,., Eic £ w ~ ke n, ch, • «Ä! Λ - de,». «..«,, »τ53Α £: 6 pulse generator according to one of claims ^^ / "ySen The pulse genes according to the invention IdL from iinem blocking oscillator (Cl) emitted- g ^^ ίΞ pulse generator according to the _invention.