DE2200719B2 - Process for gluing together the fibers of non-woven textile material containing modified polyacrylonitrile fibers - Google Patents

Description

Table I. solvent

Vapor pressure
(100 ° C) x 1.33 mbar

y-butyrolactone 21

Ν, Ν-dimethylformamide 125

Ν, Ν-dimethylacetamide 85

Dimethyl sulfoxide 42 Ethylene carbonate 3.8 N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone 30 Propylene carbonate 5.8

"Inert" organic diluent here means that the diluent is at room temperature compared to the modified polyacrylonitrile fibers of the Textile goods not jei < Solvents and the physical properties of these fibers do not work in should change undesirably. The inert diluents which can be used according to the invention can act as plasticizers for the fibers, provided that this softening effect affects the properties of the fibers or of the glued nonwoven obtained Textile goods not changed in a disadvantageous way

Specific examples of organic diluents which can be used according to the invention are diethylene glycol, Triethylene glycol, is ^ jctanol, 2-phenylethanol, benzyl alcohol and the butyl ether of a propylene oxide adduct, which is obtained by reacting a mixture of mainly linear aliphatic Cu - »- alcohols with 4.3 Moles of propylene oxide and 5.6 moles of ethyl glycol (per mole Alcohol) (commercial product; hereinafter referred to as "butyl ether A"), Pie vapor pressures (100 ° C) of the aforementioned organic diluents can be seen from Table II. These damping pressures were also determined at atmospheric pressure

Table II

Organic diluent 10 Diethylene glycol 20th Vapor pressure Tnethylene glycol (I00 ° C) x 1.33 mbar 'S 2-phenylethanol 1.9 Benzyl alcohol 0.5 Butyl ether A 5.1 Isooctanol 18th 70 32

The vapor pressure of the organic diluent used in the invention should, as the 0.001 mentioned to 5.0 times the vapor pressure (100 ⁰ Q of the solvent contained in the mixture, respectively. The apparent from Table I and II data show that not all organic diluent listed to the mixture with the solvents listed are suitable. The vapor pressure of "butyl ether A" is

z. B. 12.1 or 18.4 times the vapor pressure (100 ⁰ C) of propylene or ethylene carbonate. In the process according to the invention, preference is given to using organic diluents whose vapor pressure is 0.5 to 2.0 times the vapor pressure (100 ⁰ C) of the solvent is Table III shows components for mixtures preferred according to the invention.

Table IH Diluents Steam pressure de3 mixture Diluent, expressed as solvent Multiple of Vapor pressure of Benzyl alcohol Solvent Butyl ether A at 100'C Isooctanoi 0.86 ^ Butyrolactone 2-phenylethanol 0.82 Ν, Ν-dimethylacetamide Isooctanol 0.76 Dimethyl sulfoxide 2-phenylethanol 1.34 Ethylene carbonate Butyl ether A 1.07 N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone 0.88 Propylene carbonate 0.56 Ν, Ν-dimethylformamide

The preferred mixtures according to the invention contain 50 to 85 percent by weight of the organic diluent and thus 15 to 50 percent by weight of the solvent.

After the mixture has been applied to the fibers of the nonwoven textile material, it is heated to give a To achieve the fibers sticking together. The textile gul is generally heated to temperatures above 60 ° C, preferably from 85 to 120 ° C. heated. The duration of the firing is generally from 0.5 to 20 minutes.

Examples of non-woven textile goods, their fibers

can be glued together according to the method of the invention are yarns, slivers, batts, Fiber fleeces, carding or carding tapes, non-twisted fiber strands and felts. The fibers can Be staple fibers or endless multiple or single threads (multi or monofilaments).

6 ·> According to a preferred embodiment, the method of the invention for gluing together the Fibers of a card or card sliver made of modified polyacrylonitrile fibers are used. Included

becomes a continuously bound wadding or padding layer made of modified polyacrylonitrile fibers obtain.

Card slivers made from modified polyacrylonitrile fibers can be produced in a conventional plant made of upholstery layers. After opening a bale of modified staple fibers These staple fibers are either polyacrylonitrile in a plant for the production of upholstery by carding, e.g. B. using a conventional cotton or wool carding machine of the Garnett type, or converted into fibrous webs by a compressed air treatment In the compressed air treatment process the fibers are fed into a condenser by a very fast air flow, in which a fiber pea is formed from the Capacitor is removed for further processing. Then through criss-cross shelves of these fiber webs carding or carding slivers

In the method of the invention, the adhesive bond can either be applied to the fibers or, after processing, into a carding or carding belt. The adhesive mixture can be sprayed, dripped or padded onto the fibers, for example, either before carding or after the production of the fiber web or after processing into a carded or carded sliver. If the adhesive mixture is applied to the fibers before the production of the carding or carding tape, it is distributed essentially uniformly over the inner fibers of the carding tape formed from these fibers. However, when applying the mixture to the carding belt, it may be necessary to force the mixture through that carding belt to ensure that at least some of the fibers are treated with the mixture through the entire thickness of the carding belt. One can raise the group consisting of fibers, carding strip and passing through the press carded sliver means of compressed air the Verklebungsgemisch on to rear and / or front side.

The card sliver, the inner fibers of which were treated in the adhesive mixture, is then heated to activate the solvent contained in the mixture around the carding belt To glue together "continuously" and thereby create a cushioning layer. You can roll the card heat in an oven by bubbling a hot gas, such as air, through the carding baride. The fibers of the carding tape which are in contact with each other are on some or all Contact points glued together over the entire thickness of the carding tape.

Table IV

The degree of adhesion naturally depends on the proportion of the mixture applied to the fibers. at Using a low proportion results in a weakly "continuous" layer of upholstery that is glued together, while if a high proportion of this mixture is used, a strongly "continuous" one is glued together Padding layer is generated. The adhesive mixture expediently contains 0.5 to 35 percent by weight, preferably 5 to 25 percent by weight of the ίο solvent, based on the modified polyacrylonitrile fibers of the textile.

You can increase the strength of the embodiment of the invention according to the embodiment described above The cushioning layer produced by the method is increased by turning the carding belt before or after the treatment of which with the adhesive mixture is either needled or sewn with the help of individual stitches.

The example explains the invention.

B eis pi * !

You put a card tape (5.2 cm 5.2 cm 1.27 cm), hand-carded »fibers, because there is a titer of 9-0.111 tex, in a on the front or. Back each with a removable wire mesh equipped wooden frame. The "fibers D" consist, as mentioned, of a copolymer of about 50 percent by weight acrylonitrile and about 50 percent by weight vinylidene chloride units and have a specific weight of about 136 g / cm ³ , a softening temperature of 80 to 115 ° C. and a dry strength from 3.0 to 3.5 g / 0.111 tex. The carded sliver is then mixed with 20 percent by weight based on the fibers, various mixtures of the composition as shown in Table IV sprayed As comparative mixtures are used here mixtures which comprise as diluent water (vapor pressure at 100 ⁰ C = 760 to 1.33 mbar) and methanol

to (vapor pressure at 100 ° C = above 100O-133 mbar). Compressed air is then used to push the applied mixtures homogeneously through the carding belts. Subsequently, the carding belts are each ^{heated to 90 °} C. for 10 minutes by blowing hot air through the carding belts located in an oven.

The resulting, continuously bonded cushioning layers are checked for their feel and their appearance checked and examined with the microscope. The handle

So the upholstery layers are designated as "soft", "firm" or "rough" as "soft" or "firm" rated Upholstery layers are regarded as usable, and upholstery layers rated as "rough" are considered unusable. Table IV shows the results.

mixture Diluents Vapor pressure of Weight ratio valuation Diluent, Thinner / of the grill solvent expressed as a multiple solvent the upholstery of the steam pressure (! 0O ⁰ C) layer of the solvent

) -Butyrolactone
dto.
cito,
dto.

Methanol
water

Diethylene glycol
Benzyl alcohol

'' O: 30
'(): 30
Ό: 30
70:30

rough
rough
soft
fixed

Continuation / unu Diluents Vapor pressure of
Diluent.
Mus pressed; ils multiple
the vapor pressure (KKI C)
of the solvent (iewichlsverhiillnis
Thinner /
solvent Huwerlung
of the handle
the upholstery
layer mixture
solvent Diethylene glycol 0.015 60:40 soft N, N-dimethylformamide Triethylene glycol 0.004 60:40 soft dto. Butyl alcohol Λ 0.56 60:40 fixed dto. Methanol »5.0 63: 35 rough Dimethyl sulfoxide water > 5.0 63: 35 rough dto. Diethylene glycol 0.05 63: 35 soft dto. Triethylene glycol 0.01 63:35 soft dto. Isooctanol 0.76 63: 35 test dto. Methanol > 5.0 80:20 rough Ethylene carbonate water > 5.0 80:20 rough dto. Diethylene glycol 0.50 80:20 soft dto. Triethylene glycol 0.13 80:20 soft dto. 2-phenylethanol 1.34 80:20 fixed dto. Isooctanol 1.07 60:40 fixed N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone Methanol > 5.0 70:30 rough Propylene carbonate water > 5.0 70:30 rough dto. Diethylene glycol 0.33 70:30 soft dto. Triethylene glycol 0.08 70:30 soft dto. 2-phenylethanol 0.88 70:30 fixed dto. Diethylene glycol 0.02 60:40 soft N, N-dimethyl acetamide Triethylene glycol 0.006 60:40 soft dto. Butyl ether Λ 0.82 60:40 fixed dto.

Claims (5)

To provide a method in which a patent claims: different solvent than a. Sulfolane and / or a substituted sulfolane together with a suitable one 1. Method for gluing the fibers together using organic diluents containing modified polyacrylonitrile fibers, 3 This object is achieved by the invention
Nonwoven textile material by treating the subject of the invention is thus a method textile material with a mixture of an organic solvent for gluing together the fibers of modified see solvent and an organic diluent textile material which is miscible with the organic polyacrylonitrile fibers and contains nonwoven solvent by treating the textile material with an agent and subsequent heating of the textile mixture of an organic solvent and good, characterized in that a mixture of 15 to 85 percent by weight of an organic diluent and subsequent room temperature compared to modified poly heating the textile material, which process thereby acrylonitrile fibers acting as a solvent organic is characterized in that a mixture of 15 to 85 niche compound and 85 to 15 percent by weight 15 percent by weight of one at room temperature versus one versus the modified polyacrylonitrile fiber modified polyacrylonitrile fibers as solvent sern inert and with the solvent-miscible active organic compound and 85 to 15 diluent uses its vapor pressure weight percent compared to the modified at 100 ⁰ C 0.001 to 5.0 times that of the polyacrylonitrile fibers and inert with the solvent solvent is, with the proviso that the 20 miscible diluent uses its solvent is not suifoian and / or a sübsiitu- vapor pressure at TOO ⁹ C that is 0.001 to 5.Ofaehe that of the sulfolane is solvent with the proviso that the 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the solvent is not sulfolane and / or a substituted one draws that one is an organic diluent sulfolane tel uses its vapor pressure from 04 to 25. The 2.0 times the vapor pressure (10O ⁰ C) of the solvent used in the process of the invention. Mixtures of the organic solvent and the means are inert organic diluents which dissolve 3. The method according to claims I and 2, fibers of the textile material not at room temperature, characterized in that there is a mixture of, however, with thermal activation. It is not all 15 to 50 percent by weight of the solvent and 30 theoretically possible diluents 85 to 50 percent by weight of the diluent can be used according to the invention, but only those with uses their help under the conditions of the 4. The method according to claims Ibis 3, thereby sticking ensuring thermal activation characterized in that the textile material is applied according to the appropriate, by the aforementioned vapor pressure ratio of the mixture at temperatures of 85 35 nis given solvent / diluent Menbis 120 ° C heated ratio can be maintained. 5. The method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized under "modified polyacrylonitrile fibers" are here characterized in that the mixture or fibers of copolymers of acrylonitrile with unsaturation to understand the processing of the fibers into one of the organic monomers in which Carding or card sliver applies 40 to the fibers, the proportion of acrylonitrile units being 35 to 85 percent by weight of the copolymer is examples of those commercially available which can be used in the present invention Modified polyacrylonitrile fibers are referred to below as "Fiber A", "Fiber B", "Fiber C" and 45 "fiber D" designated fibers. The fiber A consists from a copoly- The invention relates to a method z-m merging, the fiber B from one out of about 40 percent bonding of the fibers of non-woven textiles, vinylidene chloride and about 60 per7? .tt acrylonitrile which fibers made of modified polyacrylonitrile are made up of existing copolymers, the fiber C from hold flinem from about 50 percent vinylidene chloride and about The subject of the earlier patent 20 33 664 is a copoly process with 50 percent acrylonitrile units for gluing together the fibers of meren and the fiber D from a vinyl chloride 'and non-woven textile material, which fibers consist of copolymer composed of modified acrylonitrile units (all pro · ed polyacrylonitrile contains center data In this method, 'Λ are by weight)
is a mixture of (a) sulfolane (tetramethylene sulfone) A “substituted sulfolane” is sulfolane and or understand / at least one substituted sulfolane, and (tetramethylene sulfone), which is ₄ alkyl substituted by (b) an inert organic diluent, Ci- «·, preferably CI_ dtssen evaporation rate at 100 ° C, the Specific Examples of substituted sulfolanes 0.0t to 33 times that of the sulfolane and / or the eo 2-methyl-, 3-butyl-, 3-isopropyl-, 3-n-hexyl-, 2'-methyl-substituted silfolane (s), such as diethylene glycol 4-butyl and 3-cyclohexyl eiiifolane.
or triethylene glycol. on the nonwoven textile material Specific examples of inventively used upset. The textile material is then heated. re organic solvents are y-butyrolactone, to cause the fibers to stick together. N, N dimethylformamide, N.N-dimethylacetamide, di-, It was the object of the invention. a new process * '> methyl sulfoxide. Ethylene carbonate. N-methyl-2-pyrroli- \ for gluing together animal fibers made of modified donut and propylene carbonate. The vapor pressures (100 ⁰ C) |! Nonwoven tex containing polyacrylonitrile fibers - these solvents are shown in Table I. The j (; tilgut based on the above-described vapor pressures were determined at atmospheric pressure. gj