DE2253431B2 - TRANSPARENT IMAGE RECEIVING MATERIAL FOR TONER IMAGES AND THE PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION - Google Patents

Description

So far, slides have been produced by pholographic reproduction The desired image has been produced; therefore, it has to be produced by a person of skill in the art : rson needs which with the complex pholoaphic Is familiar with reproductive processes. Lotographic reproduction of slides erirueii

also a lot

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high cost graphic processes proved. Slides will be produced here by forming an electrostatic image of the desired object, this developed and then transferred to a transparent> image receiving material, with the image on it is permanently fixed or melted by either allowing heat to act or with a Solvent vapor treated. In any case, the toner is responsible for developing the powder image KJ is used on the image receiving material through a .melting technique / for the formation of a permanent image on it koales / k'rt. Suitable melting techniques for transparent materials through xerographic processes are /. In U.S. Patent Nos. 3049X10 is and 31 48 078.

Although the xerographic reproduction process is an apparent solution to the problem of economical and effective production of transparencies, but are in the production : ü of slides in this way still more problems available. One of the most pronounced problems in the production of transparencies by an electrostatic copying process is to add the powdered or developed image to / u make sure that it adheres well to the transparent image receiving material before the image is permanent Melting is fixed. If this goal is not achieved then it will be partial or cunning Received pictures. Another problem that arises is how to achieve the correct and uniform Density of the image after fixation or fusing without any resulting damage to the transparent Image receiving material either in the melting process or in that used in the machine is the transmission system in place. Various coatings have been made to overcome some of these disadvantages and combinations with various types of transparent image receiving materials have been proposed been. Examples of this are various one-component polymer coatings, as described in U.S. Patents 35 39 340, 35 39 341 and 35 35 112 are described.

The aforementioned coatings are, although they help improve the adhesion of the developed contribute electrostatic image to the transparent image receiving material, but not yet completely suitable when slides are made by a multicolor xerographic recording process will. The difficulties encountered with multicolor recording methods and transparencies produced in this way occur, are in part due to the multi-component pigment developer, which are required for multicolored imaging processes, as well as their varying degrees of attraction to the transparent image receiving material. Another problem is the correct degree of coalescence Recovering the toner particles in the permanent image is an even more difficult proposition in the case of multicolored images as the χι development: a monochromatic image. This is on attributed to the fact that single-color transparent images only provide complete opacity or require a light transmission of varying degrees to produce a slide that can be used for

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it is inexpedient.

As a simple and reliable method of creation of slides, on the other hand, the forex-multicolored slide images have to be on the other hand but for each color or color combination in the picture allow a certain degree of color density, which

is -Her sufficiently and uniformly, allow _zl i to the IYojizicrung a uniform and true color tone. This requires a specific combination of the / u used materials, Sonders the selection of the transparent image-receiving material be critical, which is used / eiehnungsverfahren-on Mehrfiirben at xerographisehen to achieve the desired degree of attraction of the toner to the image receiving material and the correct coalescence j _cr toner particles for to achieve a good color combination.

From the I) T-OS 17 97 232 is a mild receiving material known for electropholographic methods that are used to maintain a sufficiently large distance between the image receiving material and an image recording material in the electrically insulating Inert filler particles protruding from the surface in random distribution contains. The image receiving layer can consist of a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer.

The older, post-published DT-OS 2140955 relates to a method for the transmission of recorded signals or latent electrostatic images from a recording material Using a special transfer material onto a receiving material. The transmission material is made of two insulating layers with different dielectric constants, the one receiving the image Layer z. B. may consist of vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate or methyl methacrylate polymers.

However, both documents do not deal with transparent image receiving materials for the xerographic production of transparencies, but the respective layer supports are preferably made made of paper.

The object of the invention is to provide a transparent image receiving material that permanent, a multicolor toner image with uniform and consistent color reproduction and density can be fixed and that has the necessary permanence and strength to withstand repeated Use to design.

This object is achieved by a transparent image receiving material for toner images made from a thermoplastic Layer support and at least one image receiving layer, which is a polymer with methacrylic acid ester, Contains vinyl chloride and / or vinyl acetate units and a filler that thereby is characterized in that the image-receiving layer consists of a mixture of 18-28 parts by weight of polymethacrylic acid ester and 12 parts by weight of a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer and 2.5-25% by weight of a wetting agent.

Any thermoplastic material that provides the necessary clarity, Possess strength and heat resistant wedge for repeated projections. Particularly preferred support are foils made of polysulfone !! or polycarbonates. These materials can be made from any Strength range can be selected, although the IiIm strength should be large enough that they have the necessary strength. On the other hand, so should you be thin enough so that they remain flexible during continuous use Films suitable for xerographic imaging are generally 76.2 to 203.2 microns.

The thermoplastic layer support is coated with the coating composition according to the invention, which the adhesion of a multicolored xerographic image to the slide during xerographic Development process * significantly improved, while at the same time during image display an accurate reproduction of the color density the slide is allowed. It has been found that the coating is the permanent one in this regard Fixing or melting of the developed image on the slide both by solvent vapor also assisted by heat-clay melting techniques, although solvent vapor melting is preferred will.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention the coating contains a relatively inert, particulate Material, e.g. B. asbestos, silicon dioxide, colloidal silicon dioxide and the like. Here, a Obtained slide, which is characterized by an exceptional reduction in static properties is, whereby the easier handling as well as the multiple BLttcinspcisung by the paper handling system is allowed without addition problems from the paper feed trough. There can be many leaves be inserted into the machine without crushing or sticking.

Sheets coated with a mixture, which an effective amount of the particulate material to maintain the static properties of the sheet also contribute to toner transfer to the sheet during development, because if a high level of static builds up on the sheet due to friction from the handling system, that is the degree of attraction for the can reduce optical toner particles which are used to develop the image. In fact, in such a case, the toner particles can even be repelled, as a result of which the development of the image is prevented. The coating, which is also a particulate material contains, contributes to toner transfer to the due to its reduction of static charges transparent films.

The coating compound is normally applied to the transparent substrate in the form of a solution. The selection of the solvent with regard to the coating composition is critical, since there must be no clouding or change in the substrate and there at the same time one Sufficient dissolving power for the coating composition should be present in order to obtain a clear, uniform coating Coating on the slide with no evidence of component insolubility. When using a coating mixture which contains a relatively inert, particulate material, the latter is usually insoluble and is in suspension in the solution of the other component of the coating mixture.

The preferred solvent composition is a mixture of 2-alcohol and a ketone, preferably methyl isobiiiyl ketone. The mixture of these Solvent used to make the coating composition of the present invention to dissolve preferably comprises about 2.5 to 3.0 parts 2-Aiho.xyäihanoi aiii i part ketone, although variations the amount of these solvents made depending on the specific materials used can be.

The appropriate amounts of the coating compound are then added to the aforementioned solvent mixture and dissolved. The preferred amounts of the materials used in the coating of the present invention include a ratio of the acrylic resin / u the vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer of about 4 to 7: ^. also include the weight of the mixture. If the ratio of these two components is wrong above this range, the coating is undesirably tacky. On the other hand, if the ratio falls below this range, poor image adhesion results. The wetting agent is present in an amount of between 2.5 and 25 percent by weight of the coating composition mixture. This κ area, expressed as a percentage, increases the toner transfer to the film substrate and results in a more uniform, consistent and brilliantly colored image.

The preferred embodiment is! in animal Coating comprises a particulate material in an amount, e.g., about 1 and 20 percent by weight the polymeric components of the mixture. d. H. of the acrylic and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetal copolymer, locked in. This preferred percentage range has been shown to be very effective in reducing the static build-up on the transparent sheet caused by the machine's paper handling system as it varies to reduce relative humidity. Naturally, because of the degree of static charge The percentage of the particulate depends somewhat on the relative humidity of the environment Materials can be varied over a wide range, depending on the amount that is needed to make the static Reduce charge to an acceptable level without any adverse effect the transparency of the material takes place. The particulate material added to the coating to reduce the static charge of the transparent material is added in the handling conditions is increased the bulkiness of the coating. Because of its protrusion from the cover, it contributes to a particular one Degree of roughness or texture of the slide surface, even if it is Texturing is not readily apparent to the naked eye. This texturing or roughness 4s causes the static charge on the slide surface during handling by the Frictional contact is reduced by reducing the surface area of the sheet which is in Contact with other friction surfaces in the machine's sheet handling system as the Contact with the leaf surfaces takes place only through the particulate material. This minimum Surface contact results in a sheet that is little static during handling, development and delivery Shows charging and that allows easy machine delivery.

It is therefore the correct combination of these components that is critical to proper fixation and adhesion of the multicolored xerographic image to the slide. It is also this combination of ingredients that enables correct reproduction of the color density in the fused image, as well as the attainment of the strength of the film required for the blue transition during copying and the continued use of the slide after formation. The components have to be with the Vielkomponentcn-toners that ahivn for substraklivc Fait> rcpmduklionsver! _V ei applies, be compatible and thus avoid precipitation or separation of the toner as a / a, recognizable particles in the final developed image, as opposed / u a kuales / en / and formation of a uniform and consistent 'ioner film. If the ion is deposited as recognizable and individual particles, then an image with a dirty or stained appearance is obtained and the cavity thus becomes irregular. The coating materials must therefore be compatible with the toner materials used to develop the multicolored images, while at the same time being transparent! and yet strong enough to allow normal handling of the slides.

The vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate mix polymer can be in any commercially available form. Fs gives the coating the necessary toughness and the image generated on it the necessary strength and also avoids excessive corrugation after successive melting techniques.

The acrylic resin improves the adhesion and fixation of the toner. Suitable materials are /. U. PolyOnethacrylsäurc-n-alkyl ester), preferably PoIv (methacrylic acid n-butyl ester).

A wetting agent is added to the coating compositions according to the invention in order to increase the flow of the colored toner and the coalescence over the coating during the subsequent steam melting process to improve. This agent also contributes to the fact that the toner particles are wetted, so that they are more uniform, more brilliant and more consistent colorations in addition to improving the Color dichle result. The addition of the wetting agent also improves the surface properties of the Slide itself and helps to reduce static charge, at least in the case of high humidity, to prevent the slides from sticking together either before or after imaging to avoid. Particularly preferred wetting agents are quaternary ammonium salts, e.g. B. cationic c alkyltrimethylammonium chloride quaternary ammonium salts and dialkyldimethylammonium chloride type with 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl chains, and Fettsäurcamide, which are different from individual fatty acids or derive fatty acid mixtures. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the particulate Material which is added to the coating for texturing the surface of the slide is selected from a group of relatively inert, particulate materials, e.g. B. Includes asbestos, silicon dioxide or colloidal silicon dioxide. The material can suitably be the coating may be added during the dissolution of the polymeric materials. The preferred addition range is between about 1 to 20 percent by weight of the mixture of polymeric components that make up the vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer and the acrylic resin. This addition range allows sufficient Reduction of the static charge of the sheet with varying conditions of the relative Moisture, so that easy handling and multiple sheet addition without adverse effects on the clarity or transparency of the thermoplastic Films is permitted. It should be noted, however, that the particulate material is also outside of the specified range depending on the

training conditions of the sheet can be used, provided an acceptable reduction in the static properties of the sheet without impairing the Transparency of the film takes place. Transmission measurements taken over a wavelength range of the s active Lichls on slides showing the tcilchcnlormigc Containing material, show that essentially the same transmission in the non-coated sheet like the coated one Sheet containing the particulate material is obtained will.

After dissolving in the suitable solvent mixture, the coating mass is determined according to the known methods Paper coating techniques applied to the transparent, thermoplastic substrate. Various techniques suitable, for example, for applying the coating, work with a roller, air knife, or other uniform applicator such as in Paper layers can be used. So can beispiclsweisc a funnel can be used which contains the coating compound in liquid form. This is provided with a squeegee. One can also proceed in such a way that one uses the coating from multiple precise coating devices such as engraving presses. Preferably will be on the transparent, thermoplastic substrate after the solvent has evaporated or solidified the dissolved polymeric materials formed a coating with a thickness between about 2.54 and 17.8 μ, ^ o Since the image receiving layer is extremely thin, its presence does not result in any significant deterioration the transparency, the image receiving material. The slide made by the electrostatic Abbildcvcrfahrcn is formed, has the required Clarity level, to be satisfactory for most purposes.

In the process of multicolored xcrographic reproduction, a subtractive color production technique is used used to develop images formed on the photoconductive layer. Further Multi-colored xcrographic imaging processes can also include multiple scanning of the colored original at different wavelengths of light to make multiple images representing the primary colors correspond in the original. These primary color images can then be used to form a single multicolored Image can be recombined, which corresponds to the original, by using a sublative color production process Vicl-component or multi-color toner is used. This subtractive color reproduction process is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 3,057,720.

Toners used in chromatic xerography use yellow as subtractive primary colors, see p Cyan and magenta. In turn, these are used to create a range of mixed colors /.11 reproduce.

A multicolored copy of the colored original can be produced by any multicolored xerographic imaging process. The invention is not limited to any particular multicolor xerographic imaging process. A suitable method begins with, for example, rapid successive optical scanning of the original in order to generate a sequence of latent electrostatic images which correspond to the primary colors of the original. This is accomplished by a light image which is projected through a suitable color filter so that separate latent images corresponding to the different primary colors are produced. In theory, the latent image formed by passing the light image through a green filter should require that the magenta tones (the complementary color) be areas of relatively high charge density on the drum surface while the green tones (the executed color) are low Should effect charge density. The gastric tones are then made visible by applying a green-absorbing magenta toner to the image carrier. Similarly, the blue image is developed with a cyan toner. The three developed images are then applied together on a support sheet to form a multicolored facsimile of the original.
The invention is illustrated in the examples.

example 1

A transparent, thermoplastic film material measuring 20.3 cm 1.27 cm 27.9 cm, consisting of a transparent polysulfone sheet with a thickness of 127 μ, was used as a support used for a coating compound which was prepared by adding a solution of 45 parts 2-Ethoxyethanol and 15 parts of methyl isobutyl octone mixed with the following:

7 g of n-butyl methacrylate

3 g vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer (86% vinyl chloride, 13% vinyl acetate)

0.5 g dialkyldimethylammonium chloride

This was mixed until a clear solution was obtained. The coating mass was then determined applied to the polysulfone sheet with a # 20 Maycr rod. Then the coated sheet became dried with warm air. After evaporation of the solvents necessary for the application of the coating had been used, a coating thickness of about 7.6µ was obtained.

The coated, transparent image-receiving material was subjected to a multicolored xerographic imaging process with a resulting vapor melting of the adherent, multicolored image. Fs it has been observed that both before and after steam painting there is a superior image quality: took place and that greater toner transfer resulted in the formation of a highly uniform and accurate ge colored image was obtained. The colors reproduced were uniform, with consistent color dense and without calibration of a toner flcekenbil manure. In addition, the multicolored slides showed positive, low rank and static characteristics compared to non-laminated slides.

Example 2

The procedure of Example I was repeated except that 45 parts of the solution 2-Ethoxyiithanol and 15 parts Mcthylisobiitylketo the following mixture was given:

7 g of n-butyl methyl acrylate

3 g vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer (Sd ¹ V ₁ vinyl chloride, 13% vinyl acetate)

0.5 μ commercially available Fcttsäureamiil-Gemiseh

703 MI / 2

The whole thing was mixed with the solvents gui, until a clear solution was obtained. The polysulfone sheet was then applied as in Example 1. The resulting coating had a thickness of 7.6 microns after drying.

This coated, transparent image receiving material was subjected to a multicolor xerographic imaging process subject. Both before and after steam melting was used to fix the image obtain superior image adhesion. Furthermore, the toner transfer to the sheet was excellent with a resulting improvement in the uniformity of the colored image and its density. The illustrated slide also showed less friction and a decrease in static properties. The picture on it corresponded well to the original in terms of color.

Example 3

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the solution was 45 parts 2-Ethoxyethanol and 15 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone the following mixture was given:

7 g n-butyl methyl acrylate

3 g vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer (86% vinyl chloride, 13% vinyl acetate)

2.0 g dialkyldimethylammonium chloride

The whole was mixed well with the solvent mixture until a clear solution was obtained, which was applied to the polysulfone sheet as in Example 1. Dc ^r resulting coating had a thickness of 7.6 μ after drying.

This coated, transparent image-receiving material subjected to multicolor xerographic imaging was subjected, both before and after melting, resulted in which to fix of the image was used, superior image adhesion. Also occurred with good and uniform Colors that matched those of the original showed good toner transfer.

B e i s ρ i e I 4

Three transparent polysulfone sheet materials as in Example I was coated following the procedure of Example I and designated Sheets A, B and C. The designations corresponded to the following formulations used for the production of the coatings of the individual sheets were used.

Sample A

8 µ n-Bulylmelhat'iylal

2 μ vinyl chloride vinyl iicotate copolymer
(86% vinyl chloride, 1.1% vinyl acetate)

dissolved in a mixture of 45 parts .'- Alhosyiilhaiiol and 15 files of methylisohiilylkelon

Sample B

5 µ n-butyl methacrylate
5 µ vinyl chloride-vinylacelal-copolytuji
(86% vinyl chloride, 1.1% vinyl acetate)

dissolved in a mixture of parts of 2-Älho. \ yiilhaiiol ii.ul IS parts methylisobiilylkelon

2g
8g

Sample C

n-butyl methacrylate

Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer

(86% vinyl chloride, 13% vinyl acetate)

dissolved in a mixture of 45 parts of 2-ethoxyethanol and 15 parts of Mcthylisobuiylkcton.

Each sheet was seen as a multicolored xcrograph Subjected to imaging processes, the quality of the image on the transparent image-receiving material was investigated.

It was found that Sample A had good image quality with good color density and uniformity is, although the coating had undesirable tack owned.

It was also found that Samples B and C

a good picture quality with a good color density and Had uniformity, although the adhesion of the

; o picture before and after steam melting was slight.

Example 5

There was a series of six transparent, thermoplastic backings with the approximate Dimensions made 8 "1.27 cm 27.9 cm, which each consisted of a polysulfone and had a thickness of 127 μ. To manufacture the Coating compositions were each a solution of

yo 45 parts of 2-Äthoxyälhanol and 15 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone are used. The following mixtures were dissolved or dispersed in the solvent mixture and then applied to the respective polysyllium sheets with a No. 20 Mayer rod. the

coated sheets were dried with a stream of warm air. After evaporation of the used The solvent for the application of the coating became a thickness of the coating of about 7.6 µm keep. The coated sheets were named as follows, depending on the mixtures used:

page 1

7 g n-butyl methacrylate
3 grams of vinyl chloride-vinylate copolymer
(86% vinyl chloride, 1.1% vinyl acetate)
1 μ wetting agent

page 2

7 u n-Bulylmelhiiciylal
.1 g vinyl chloride vinyl celate copolymer
(«6% vinyl chloride, 1.1% vinyl acetate)
1 g wetting agent
0.1 μ asbestos

Sheet .'

7 µ ii-Biiiylmolhiicrylat
.1 μ Vinylelilorid-Vinyllacetal-C'opolymer
(M% vinyl chloride, 1.1% vinyl acetate)
I μ wetting agent
0.5 μ asbestos

Sheet I.

7 µ n-Biilylmelhacrylal
.1 μ vinyl chloride-VinyliiecWil-C '("polymer
(86% vinyl chloride, 1.1% vinyl acetate
1 μ wetting agent
I μ asbestos

Sheet 5 Sheet 6 7g n-butyl methacrylate n-butyl methacrylate 3g Vinyl chloride-vinyl octal copolymer Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer (86% vinyl chloride, 13% vinyl acetate) (86% vinyl chloride, 13% vinyl acetate) 0.5 g Wetting agents Wetting agents 1 g asbestos colloidal silicon dioxide 7g 3g 0.5 g 1 g

After coating and drying, the six coated sheets were multicolored addition tests subjected to electrostatic copiers. The ability to feed into the machine was assessed. Further the static and kinetic coefficient of friction

cient for the individual coated sheets against each other according to ASTM standard D 1894-63 with the Title Standard Method of Test for Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film Measured and Opposed compared uncoated polycarbonate and polysulfone sheets. The static or output coefficient The friction is related to the force that is measured to depend on the movement Combined force that is measured to determine the movement of the surfaces of the two blades relative to one another to start. On the other hand, the coefficient of friction expressed as the kinetic or sliding coefficient of friction is related to the force that is measured to maintain this movement. The transmission certain sheets containing asbestos and silica were also found in various Actinic light wavelengths measured and compared to uncoated sheets. The test results are summarized below.

Polysulfone sheet
(uncoated)
control

Polycarbo

natural leaf

(not bc-

layer ct)

control

Coated sheet

I. Machine-cannot

infeed

properties

2.% transmission
420 ιημ
560 ηψ
700 ηιμ

3. Coefficient of friction
(static coefficient of
Friction / kinetic coefficient of friction)

bad moderate moderate

Well

feed in

87%
90%
92%

> 1.0

0.50 / 0.44 0.43 / 0.44

0.64 /
0.59

0.72 /
0.66

Well

88%
89%

89%

0.31 /
0.27

Well

88%

89%
89%

0.40 /
0.45

From the values given it can be seen that the slides coated with the crumbly masses, which also contained a lilac-shaped material such as asbestos or silicon dioxide, improved Miischincncinspcisungscigcnschiiltcn /.ciutcn and better Coefficient of friction m! S the coated sheets that did not contain any particulate matter.

Claims (8)

Patent claims: 1. Transparent image receiving material for toner image frizz a thermoplastic.Layer support and at least one image receiving layer, which a Polymer with methacrylic acid ester, vinyl chloride and / or vinylacelal units and a filler contains, thereby g e k e η η / e i c h η e t that the image-receiving layer of a mixture of 18-28 parts by weight of polymethacrylic acid ester and 12 parts by weight of a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer and consists of 2.5-25 weight percent of a wetting agent. 2. Image receiving material according to claim I, characterized in thatthe image receiving layer as polymethacrylic acid ester a polymelhacrylic acid-n-alkyl ester, preferably polymethaeric acid-rt-bufy tester, contains. 3. Recording material according to claim 1, characterized in thatthe image receiving layer contains a quaternary alkylammonium salt or a fatty acid amide as a wetting agent. 4. Image receiving material according to claim 1, characterized in thatthe image receiving layer revealing asbestos, silica, or colloidal silica as filler. 5. Image receiving material according to claim 1, characterized in that the image receiving layer 1 - 20 percent by weight of a filler. 6. Image receiving material according to claim 1, characterized in that the image receiving layer is between 2.54 and 17.8 μm thick. 7. Image receiving material according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a layer support made of a polysulfone or a polycarbonate. 8. A process for the preparation of an image receiving material in which a binder is in a solvent dissolved, optionally mixed with additives and on a transparent substrate is applied, characterized in that a mixture of 18-28 parts by weight is used as the binder of a polymethacrylic acid ester and 12 parts by weight of a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, which contains 2.5-25 percent by weight of a wetting agent, a mixture of 2.5-3 parts by weight of 2-ethoxyethanol as the solvent and 1 part by weight of a kelon. preferably methyl isobutyl ketone, and a support made of a polycarbonate or a polycarbonate is used.