DE2328720B2 - Direction finder - Google Patents
Direction finderInfo
- Publication number
- DE2328720B2 DE2328720B2 DE19732328720 DE2328720A DE2328720B2 DE 2328720 B2 DE2328720 B2 DE 2328720B2 DE 19732328720 DE19732328720 DE 19732328720 DE 2328720 A DE2328720 A DE 2328720A DE 2328720 B2 DE2328720 B2 DE 2328720B2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- direction finding
- arrangement according
- waves
- bearing
- analog preprocessing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/14—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
- G01S3/143—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction by vectorial combination of signals derived from differently oriented antennae
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zur automatischen Peilung von N in einem Frequenzkanal Vorhandenen Wellen.The invention relates to an arrangement for the automatic bearing of N waves present in a frequency channel.
Zur Peilung von N Wellen ist es bekannt, 2 JV Antennen aufzustellen und entweder in einer analogen Rechenmaschine die Peilantennenspannung zu verarbeiten (DT-PS 1142 920) oder die Peilinformation tu digitalisieren und in einer digitalen Rechenma- »chine geeigneten Algorithmen zu unterwerfen (DT-PS 12 48 754).To find N waves, it is known to set up 2 JV antennas and either one in an analog one Calculating machine to process the DF antenna voltage (DT-PS 1142 920) or the DF information do digitize and subject them to suitable algorithms in a digital calculating machine (DT-PS 12 48 754).
Es ist in der Peiltechnik weiterhin bekannt, die Antennenanzahl zu erhöhen, weil redundante Information erlaubt, statistische Einflüsse zu reduzieren (DT-OS 2150 434).It is also known in direction finding technology to increase the number of antennas because of redundant information allows statistical influences to be reduced (DT-OS 2150 434).
Dabei kann sich eine ganz erhebliche Antennenanzahl ergeben, die eine ebensolche Anzahl von Empfängern und sonstigen Einrichtungen nach sich zieht (DT-OS 2007 049).This can result in a very considerable number of antennas, the same number of Recipients and other institutions (DT-OS 2007 049).
Der Aufwand kann also sehr beträchtlich sein. Ein bekannter Weg, um diesen Aufwand zu reduzieren, ist die Einführung von Schaltmitteln, die nach Bedarf die Antennen auswählen, die für die Lösung der Aufgabe am günstigsten sind (DT-OS 1516 876).The effort can therefore be very considerable. A well-known way to reduce this effort is the introduction of switching means that select the antennas as required for the solution of the task are the cheapest (DT-OS 1516 876).
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den gemäß dem Stand der Technik notwendigen Aufwand weiter zu reduzieren.The invention is based on the object of the expenditure required according to the prior art to further reduce.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß ein für M < N Wellen ausgelegtes Peilsystem vorgegeben ist und daß eine Vorrichtung vorgesehen ist, die die Peilinformation tragenden Spannungen der Peilkanäle in mehreren aufeinanderfolgenden Zeitpunkten abtastet und einem Rechner zuführt, der die Interferenzfeldauflösung nach geeigneten vorgegebenen Programmen ausführt und dabei insbesondere die Einfallswinkel der beteiligten Wellen berechnet.This object is achieved according to the invention in that a bearing system designed for M <N waves is specified and that a device is provided which scans the voltages of the bearing channels carrying the bearing information at several successive times and sends them to a computer which executes the interference field resolution according to suitable predetermined programs and in particular calculates the angles of incidence of the waves involved.
Die Erfindung nutzt die Tatsache, daß Interferenzfelder nicht stationär sind, so daß Momentaufnahmen, die in den Veränderungen der Felder angepaßten Zeitabständen aufeinanderfolgen, neue Informationen liefern. Es wird deshalb von der zur Auflösung von JV Wellen normalerweise vorzusehenden Anzahl von Antennen und somit auch allen weiteren Peil-Einrichtungen ein Teil eingespart, und die auf diese Weise verlorengegangene Information ersetzt durch Abtastung der Antenneninformationen, die in den Veränderungen der Felder angepaßten Zeitabständen aufeinanderfolgen.The invention uses the fact that interference fields are not stationary, so that snapshots, the time intervals adjusted in the changes in the fields follow one another, new information deliver. It is therefore used by the number of normally provided for the resolution of JV waves Antennas and thus also all other DF devices saved a part, and those on these Way lost information is replaced by scanning the antenna information stored in the Successive changes in the fields at adapted time intervals.
Die gesamte Informationsmenge kann dann zur Lösungder Peilaufgabe ähnlichen Algorithmen unterworfen werden, wie sie schon für die normale Mehrwellenpeilerei bekannt ist.The entire amount of information can then be subjected to similar algorithms to solve the DF task as it is already known for normal multi-wave direction finding.
Bei der Erfindung ist es oft technologisch und rechentechnisch vorteilhaft, wenn zwischen das Antennensystem und die digitale Aufbereitung der Information eine analoge Vorverarbeitung, die als Informationstransformator oder Informationsfilter wirkt, geschaltet wird.With the invention it is often technologically and computationally advantageous if between the antenna system and the digital processing of the information an analog preprocessing, which acts as an information transformer or information filter acts, is switched.
Die Erfindung erlaubt ferner, für N Wellen ausgelegte Mehrwellenpeilsysteme auf einfache Weise auf eine größere Zahl von Wellen zu erweitern.The invention also allows multi-wave bearing systems designed for N waves to be expanded in a simple manner to a larger number of waves.
Zu diesem Zweck muß lediglich die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung vorgesehen werden, die es erlaubt, durch Abtastung der Antenneninformationen in den Veränderungen der Felder angepaßten Zeitabständen die Informationsmenge über die Interferenz zu vermehren.For this purpose, only the device according to the invention has to be provided, which allows by scanning the antenna information in the changes in the fields adapted time intervals to increase the amount of information about the interference.
Als Ausrührungsbeispiel soll ein Zweiwellenfall dienen, zu dessen Behandlung ein gewöhnliches Peilsystem nach dem Watson-Watt-Prinzip für eine Welle benutzt wird.A two-wave case is to be used as an embodiment, for the treatment of which a common bearing system is used is used for a wave according to the Watson-Watt principle.
Für einen Zweiwellenfall gilt bekanntlich:As is well known, the following applies to a two-wave case:
Spannung im RundkanalTension in the round duct
ζ = /I1 e ""■'4^'"1 + A2 e"'V + 'i',
Spannung im Peilkanal ζ = / I 1 e "" ■ ' 4 ^'" 1 + A 2 e"'V + ' i ',
Voltage in the bearing channel
y = A1 sin «,e"1"1' *'"'+ A2 sin r<2e'('">'+'"\
Spannung im Peilkanal y = A 1 sin «, e" 1 " 1 '*'"'+ A 2 sin r < 2 e' ( '">' + '" \
Voltage in the bearing channel
χ = Ax cos u, e'"■'''+ '"' + /I2 cos «2 e"1^1 + "1, χ = A x cos u, e '"■''' + '"' + / I 2 cos « 2 e" 1 ^ 1 + " 1 ,
Ai, A1 sind die Amplituden der 2 Wellen, «,, a2 die Einfallswinkel, o,, n>2 die Kreisfrequenzen und f/i, '/2 die Phasen. Ai, A 1 are the amplitudes of the 2 waves, «,, a 2 the angles of incidence, o ,, n> 2 the angular frequencies and f / i, '/ 2 the phases.
Zur Zeit ί = 0 wird das erste Mal abgefragt.At time ί = 0 the query is made for the first time.
Zur Zeit t = t0 wird das zweite Mal abgefragt.The second time t = t 0 is queried.
Das Abfragen wird z. B. in einer Form gesteuert, wie es in der Abbildung dargestellt ist.The query is z. B. controlled in a form as shown in the figure.
Mit den AbkürzungenWith the abbreviations
wir zur Zeit t = Owe at time t = O
Z1 = A1Ji1 + A2I)2., Z 1 = A 1 Ji 1 + A 2 I) 2. ,
yt = A1 sin U1A1 + A2 sin X1 = A1 cos U1 A1 + A2 cos «2 y t = A 1 sin U 1 A 1 + A 2 sin X 1 = A 1 cos U 1 A 1 + A 2 cos « 2
und zur Zeit ί = I0 and at the time ί = I 0
= e'= e '
Vi 22Vi 22
Vi ViIVi ViI
(6)(6)
In einem Zwischenprozeß sind zuerst noch die Y1 , y2 zu bestimmen. Setzt man dazu B1 = A1 cos U11)1 In an intermediate process, the Y 1 , y 2 must first be determined. If one sets B 1 = A 1 cos U 1 1) 1
und B2 = A1 sin O1 ^ und stellt darauf B — β — 1^ αΐ» also eine reelle Zahl, her, so gilt für diese bekanntlich (* bedeutet konjugierkomplex)and B 2 = A 1 sin O 1 ^ and then produces B - β - 1 ^ α ΐ »that is a real number, it is known for this (* means conjugation complex)
Z2 = /4,01 >ί +Z 2 = / 4.0 1 > ί +
y2 = A2 sin U101 Y1 4- A2 sin «2O2 y2, X2 = ^1COSa1O1Z1 + y 2 = A 2 sin U 1 0 1 Y 1 4- A 2 sin « 2 O 2 y 2 , X 2 = ^ 1 COSa 1 O 1 Z 1 +
oderor
B = B*B = B *
2=l 2 = l
B1 Β*'B 1 Β * '
Dabei sind Z1, z2, yl5 y2, X1, X2 gemessene Spannungsgrößen. Wenn vorliegende Gleichungen im 20 Rechner C aufgelöst werden, ergibt sich für die noch Ausführlich ergibt dies die Beziehung unbekannten Größen:Z 1 , z 2 , y 15 y 2 , X 1 , X 2 are measured voltage values. If the existing equations are solved in the computer C, this results in the relation unknown quantities for the still detailed:
A1 cos «1 i\ = A 1 cos «1 i \ =
Ax sin α, t\ = A x sin α, t \ =
A2 cos a2 r>2 = A 2 cos a 2 r> 2 =
^2 sin (i2 A2 = ^ 2 sin (i 2 A 2 =
X1 1X 1 1
1 11 1
>Ί Yi > Ί Yi
1 11 1
Vi Yi Vi Yi
1 X1 1 X 1
i "Ti "T
Vi Yi Vi Yi
I .v,I .v,
1 11 1
Vi Yi Vi Yi
1 11 1
Vl V2Vl V2
(D(D
(2)(2)
(3)(3)
(4)(4)
(5)(5)
In diese Gleichung werden die Ausdrücke (1) und (2) eingesetzt.Expressions (1) and (2) are substituted into this equation.
Es ergibt sich dann für γ2 die quadratische Gleichung The quadratic equation then results for γ 2
α y\ + ib Y2 - a* = 0 mit den zwei Lösungen α y \ + ib Y 2 - a * = 0 with the two solutions
-ib ± I'" 4aa*-b2 "la -ib ± I '" 4aa * -b 2 " la
undand
a= V1 x*- a = V 1 x * -
Mit >'j und γ2 wird dann in die Ausdrücke (1) bis (6) eingegangen.With>'j and γ 2 the expressions (1) to (6) are entered.
Aus ihnen lassen sich nun mühelcs die Peil werte O1, (i2 ausrechnen. Damit ist die Peilaufgabe für den Zweiwellenfall gelöst.The bearing values O 1 , (i 2 can now easily be calculated from them. This solves the bearing task for the two-wave case.
Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19732328720 DE2328720B2 (en) | 1973-06-06 | 1973-06-06 | Direction finder |
| IT2352974A IT1014714B (en) | 1973-06-06 | 1974-06-03 | RADIOGONIOMETER |
| AT463374A AT349073B (en) | 1973-06-06 | 1974-06-05 | ARRANGEMENT FOR AUTOMATIC BEARING OF N WAVES LYING IN A FREQUENCY CHANNEL |
| CH765774A CH576151A5 (en) | 1973-06-06 | 1974-06-05 | |
| GB2489574A GB1475414A (en) | 1973-06-06 | 1974-06-05 | Direction finder |
| FR7419619A FR2232765B1 (en) | 1973-06-06 | 1974-06-06 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19732328720 DE2328720B2 (en) | 1973-06-06 | 1973-06-06 | Direction finder |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2328720A1 DE2328720A1 (en) | 1974-12-19 |
| DE2328720B2 true DE2328720B2 (en) | 1975-10-02 |
| DE2328720C3 DE2328720C3 (en) | 1976-05-06 |
Family
ID=5883161
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19732328720 Granted DE2328720B2 (en) | 1973-06-06 | 1973-06-06 | Direction finder |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT349073B (en) |
| CH (1) | CH576151A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2328720B2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2232765B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1475414A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1014714B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0038151A1 (en) * | 1980-04-04 | 1981-10-21 | McDONNELL DOUGLAS CORPORATION | Remote object position and orientation locator |
| FR2482311A1 (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1981-11-13 | Krupp Gmbh | METHOD FOR DETERMINING DIRECTIONS OF INCIDENCE OF ONDULATORY ENERGY, IN PARTICULAR FOR LOCATION BY SONAR |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4346384A (en) | 1980-06-30 | 1982-08-24 | The Austin Company | Remote object position and orientation locator |
| GB2147760B (en) * | 1983-10-07 | 1987-04-15 | Racal Res Ltd | Direction finding systems |
| DE3522838A1 (en) * | 1985-06-26 | 1987-01-08 | Heinrich Pfitzner Ges Fuer Nac | Digital search and reconnaissance receiver (electronic warfare) |
| US4742356A (en) * | 1985-12-09 | 1988-05-03 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Method and apparatus for determining remote object orientation and position |
| US4737794A (en) * | 1985-12-09 | 1988-04-12 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Method and apparatus for determining remote object orientation and position |
| DE4407716A1 (en) * | 1994-03-08 | 1995-09-21 | Plath Naut Elektron Tech | Resolving coherent wave fields using high resolution spectral estimation techniques |
| WO2003100452A1 (en) * | 2002-05-29 | 2003-12-04 | Lior Baussi | Direction finding cell phones |
| FR2938345B1 (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2010-12-31 | Thales Sa | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE ARRIVAL DIRECTION OF AN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE |
-
1973
- 1973-06-06 DE DE19732328720 patent/DE2328720B2/en active Granted
-
1974
- 1974-06-03 IT IT2352974A patent/IT1014714B/en active
- 1974-06-05 AT AT463374A patent/AT349073B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-06-05 GB GB2489574A patent/GB1475414A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-06-05 CH CH765774A patent/CH576151A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-06-06 FR FR7419619A patent/FR2232765B1/fr not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0038151A1 (en) * | 1980-04-04 | 1981-10-21 | McDONNELL DOUGLAS CORPORATION | Remote object position and orientation locator |
| FR2482311A1 (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1981-11-13 | Krupp Gmbh | METHOD FOR DETERMINING DIRECTIONS OF INCIDENCE OF ONDULATORY ENERGY, IN PARTICULAR FOR LOCATION BY SONAR |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT349073B (en) | 1979-03-26 |
| FR2232765A1 (en) | 1975-01-03 |
| CH576151A5 (en) | 1976-05-31 |
| ATA463374A (en) | 1978-08-15 |
| GB1475414A (en) | 1977-06-01 |
| FR2232765B1 (en) | 1980-04-11 |
| DE2328720A1 (en) | 1974-12-19 |
| IT1014714B (en) | 1977-04-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
| E77 | Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977 | ||
| 8320 | Willingness to grant licences declared (paragraph 23) | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| 8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: TELEFUNKEN SYSTEMTECHNIK GMBH, 7900 ULM, DE |