DE2461654B2 - Externally controlled flyback converter with regulated output voltage - Google Patents
Externally controlled flyback converter with regulated output voltageInfo
- Publication number
- DE2461654B2 DE2461654B2 DE2461654A DE2461654A DE2461654B2 DE 2461654 B2 DE2461654 B2 DE 2461654B2 DE 2461654 A DE2461654 A DE 2461654A DE 2461654 A DE2461654 A DE 2461654A DE 2461654 B2 DE2461654 B2 DE 2461654B2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- flyback converter
- control
- input voltage
- duty cycle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title claims 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Description
Kern einen Luftspalt besitzt und dessen Querinduktivität dadurch im Betriebsbereich vom Strom unabhängig ist Der Gleichrichter Gr sperrt während der Einschaltet M. Ist genügend Energie im Transformator gespeichert, wird der Schalttransistor Ts 1 gesperrt Die Spannung am Transformator polt um, und die gespeicherte Energie wird während der Sperrzeit f2 des Schalttransistors an seinen Kondensator C 2 und den Lastwiderstand R 2 abgegeben.The core has an air gap and its transverse inductance is therefore independent of the current in the operating range. The rectifier Gr blocks while the M is switched on Blocking time f2 of the switching transistor delivered to its capacitor C 2 and the load resistor R 2 .
Das Tastverhältnis des Schalttransistors Ts 1 wird sowohl durch einen Regler für die Ausgangsspannung oder EMK bestimmt entsprechend der Regelabweichung als auch durch eine Störgrößenaufschaltung in Abhängigkeit von der Eingangsspannung beeinflußt Der Regler übernimmt in diesem Falle nur noch eine Feinkorrektur des durch die Störgrößenaufschaltung grob eingestellten Tastverhältnisses. Dabei kann die Regelverstärkung klein gehalten werden, was die Stabilisierung des Regelkreises vereinfacht Jede Änderung der Eingangsspannung, ob nichtperiodisch oder periodisch, wirkt unverzögert auf das Tastverhältnis und damit stabilisierend auf die Ausgangsspannung. Bei Frequenzen bis zu einigen 100 Hz wird dadurch eine große Durchgangsdämpfung erzieltThe duty cycle of the switching transistor Ts 1 is determined both by a controller for the output voltage or EMF according to the control deviation and also influenced by a disturbance variable depending on the input voltage.In this case, the controller only takes over a fine correction of the duty cycle roughly set by the disturbance feedforward. The control gain can be kept small, which simplifies the stabilization of the control loop. Every change in the input voltage, whether non-periodic or periodic, has an immediate effect on the pulse duty factor and thus has a stabilizing effect on the output voltage. At frequencies up to a few 100 Hz, a high transmission loss is achieved
Ein an den Ausgang des Sperrumrichters angeschlo-sener Regler ÄVund eine der Störgrößenaufschaltung dienende Rampenschaltung R sind an einen Schmitt-Trigger 5 angeschlossen. Ein Taktgenerator Tliefert die Taktspannung für eine Modulationsstufe M und die Rampenschaltung R. Die am Ausgang der Modulationsstufe erhaltenen breitenmodulierten Impulse werden über eine Treiberstufe L V an die Basis des Schalttransistors Ts 1 geführtA regulator ÄV connected to the output of the flyback converter and a ramp circuit R serving for the feedforward control are connected to a Schmitt trigger 5. A clock generator T supplies the clock voltage for a modulation stage M and the ramp circuit R. The width-modulated pulses obtained at the output of the modulation stage are fed to the base of the switching transistor Ts 1 via a driver stage LV
Der Regler R V liefert eine von der Regelabweichung abhängige Bezugsgleichspannung Uy. Diese wird vom Schmitt-Trigger S mit einer in der Rampenschaltung R erzeugten Sägezahnspannung £/„ verglichen. Die Rampenschaltung besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Kondensator Cn an dem eine Sägezahnspannung gebildet wird und eiern ein vom Taktgeber Tgesteuerter Schalttransistor Ts 2 mit seiner Kollektor-Emitterstrekke parallel geschaltet ist. Der Kondensator Cr ist über einen Ladewiderstand R1 und über eine Konstantstromschaltung, gebildet von einem Transistor Ts 3, den Widerständen R 3, R 4 und einer Zenerdiode ZD, an die Eingangsspannung des Sperrumrichters angeschlossen.The controller RV supplies a DC reference voltage Uy that is dependent on the control deviation. This is compared by the Schmitt trigger S with a sawtooth voltage £ / "generated in the ramp circuit R. The ramp circuit consists essentially of a capacitor C n on which a sawtooth voltage is formed and a switching transistor Ts 2 controlled by the clock generator T is connected in parallel with its collector-emitter path. The capacitor C r is connected to the input voltage of the flyback converter via a charging resistor R 1 and a constant current circuit formed by a transistor Ts 3, the resistors R 3, R 4 and a Zener diode ZD.
In jeder Arbeitsperiode steigt die Sägezahnspannung etwa von Null an. Die Anstiegsgeschwindigkeit ändert sich mit der Eingangsspannung Ι/«. Sind die Vergleichsspannungen Uv und die Sägezahnspannung Ua gleich groß, dann gibt der Schmitt-Trigger S ein Sperrsignal über die Modulationsstufe Aiund die Treiberstufe L Van den Schalttransistor Ts 1. Wird die Vergleichsspannung Uv in der Amplitude begrenzt z. B. durch einen Spannungsteiler am Ausgang des Regelverstärkers R V, dann wirkt die eingangsspannungsabhängige Rampenschaltung R auch bei fehlender Reglerwtrkung als Begrenzer für das Tastverhältnis und damit für die Ausgangsspannung des Sperrumrichters. Die Begrenzung des Tastverhältnisses verhindert auch eine übermäßige Induktionsbeanspruchung des Transformators Tr und seiner Sättigung, wenn der Regelverstärker z. B. beim Einschalten und bei plötzlicher Belastung des Sperrumrichters infolge vorübergehend zu kleiner Regelgröße ein zu hohes Tastverhältnis vorgeben wollte.The sawtooth voltage increases approximately from zero in each working period. The rate of rise changes with the input voltage Ι / «. If the comparison voltages Uv and the sawtooth voltage U a are equal, then the Schmitt trigger S emits a blocking signal via the modulation stage Ai and the driver stage L Van the switching transistor Ts 1. If the comparison voltage Uv is limited in amplitude z. B. by a voltage divider at the output of the control amplifier RV, then the input voltage-dependent ramp circuit R acts as a limiter for the duty cycle and thus for the output voltage of the flyback converter, even if there is no controller effect. The limitation of the duty cycle also prevents excessive induction stress on the transformer Tr and its saturation when the control amplifier z. B. wanted to specify a pulse duty factor that was too high when switching on and when there was a sudden load on the flyback converter as a result of the controlled variable being temporarily too small.
Die optimale Wirkung der Rampenschaltung R für Durchgangsdämpfung und Spannungsbegrenzung wird nur bei solcher Bemessung erreicht, daß die Sägezahnspannung in der zur jeweiligen Eingangsspannung Ue passenden Zeil rl die Bezugsgleichspannung Un die während der Periodendauer als konstant angesehen werden kann, erreicht Dazu wird beim Sperrumrichter der Kondensator Cr, der vor jeder Einschaltzeit durch den Schalttransistor Ts 2 entladen ist, von zwei Strömen geladen und zwar von einem konstanten Strom über den Transistor Ts 3 und von einem eingangsspannungsabhängigen Strom über den Widerstand Ri. Durch den zusätzlichen Konstantladestrom läßt sich eine exakte Kompensation des Einflusses insbesondere großer Eingangsspannungsschwankungen auf die Stabilisierung der Ausgangsspannung erreichen. Die Kondensatorspannung steigt nach einer Exponentialfunktion an. Durch geeignete Auslegung der Bauteile wird nur der nahezu lineare Teil der Exponentialfunktion ausgenutztThe optimal effect of the ramp circuit R for throughput attenuation and voltage limitation is only achieved with such a dimensioning that the sawtooth voltage in the Zeil rl matching the respective input voltage U e, the reference DC voltage U n, which can be regarded as constant during the period, is achieved Capacitor Cr, which is discharged through the switching transistor Ts 2 before each switch-on time, is charged by two currents, namely a constant current through the transistor Ts 3 and an input voltage-dependent current through the resistor Ri In particular, the influence of large input voltage fluctuations on the stabilization of the output voltage. The capacitor voltage increases according to an exponential function. With a suitable design of the components, only the almost linear part of the exponential function is used
Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings
Claims (1)
Die Erfindung wird anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.input-voltage-dependent interference control is controlled and in which the duty cycle of the switching transistors is determined by comparing a reference DC voltage with sawtooth pulses generated by charging a capacitor, the charging current being proportional to the input voltage of the converter, known per se, making the reference DC voltage dependent on the control deviation of the output voltage.
The invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment.
Die Girundschaltung des Eintakt-Sperrumrichters besteht aus einem Speichertransformator Tr, einem primärseitigen Schalttransistor Ts 1, einem sekundärseitigen Gleichrichter Grund den Speicherkondensatoren Ci, C2. Für den Betrieb eines solchen Sperrumrichters ist ein Taktgenerator vorgesehen, der in Verbindung mitThe figure shows the basic circuit of an externally controlled single-ended blocking converter with a control circuit shown in principle.
The basic circuit of the single-ended blocking converter consists of a storage transformer Tr, a switching transistor Ts 1 on the primary side, a rectifier on the secondary side, basic storage capacitors Ci, C2. For the operation of such a flyback converter, a clock generator is provided which, in conjunction with
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2461654A DE2461654C3 (en) | 1974-12-27 | 1974-12-27 | Externally controlled flyback converter with regulated output voltage |
| SE7514461A SE7514461L (en) | 1974-12-27 | 1975-12-19 | SEPARATE CONTROLLED LOCK CONVERTER |
| IT30517/75A IT1051417B (en) | 1974-12-27 | 1975-12-19 | INDEPENDENT EXCITATION BLOCKED CONVERTER |
| FR7539300A FR2296301A1 (en) | 1974-12-27 | 1975-12-22 | LOCKING CONVERTER WITH INDEPENDENT CONTROL |
| GB52771/75A GB1536408A (en) | 1974-12-27 | 1975-12-24 | Dc-dc converter circuits |
| JP50159752A JPS5193352A (en) | 1974-12-27 | 1975-12-26 | |
| NL7515111A NL7515111A (en) | 1974-12-27 | 1975-12-27 | CONTROLLED BLOCK CONVERTER. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2461654A DE2461654C3 (en) | 1974-12-27 | 1974-12-27 | Externally controlled flyback converter with regulated output voltage |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2461654A1 DE2461654A1 (en) | 1976-07-01 |
| DE2461654B2 true DE2461654B2 (en) | 1978-08-24 |
| DE2461654C3 DE2461654C3 (en) | 1979-04-19 |
Family
ID=5934669
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2461654A Expired DE2461654C3 (en) | 1974-12-27 | 1974-12-27 | Externally controlled flyback converter with regulated output voltage |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5193352A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2461654C3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2296301A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1536408A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1051417B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7515111A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7514461L (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3109034A1 (en) * | 1981-03-10 | 1982-09-30 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Switching regulator for regulating and/or limiting an output variable |
| DE3330039A1 (en) * | 1983-08-19 | 1985-02-28 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | LOCKING CONVERTER SWITCHING POWER SUPPLY |
| DE3609731A1 (en) * | 1986-03-22 | 1987-09-24 | Ant Nachrichtentech | Method for regulating the output voltage of a switched-mode regulator, and a device for this purpose |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT374633B (en) * | 1982-03-25 | 1984-05-10 | Zumtobel Ag | CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR DC POWER SUPPLY OF A LOAD |
| US4546421A (en) * | 1984-03-28 | 1985-10-08 | United Technologies Corporation | Flyback feedforward pulse width modulation regulator |
| GB8413208D0 (en) * | 1984-05-23 | 1984-06-27 | Plessey Co Plc | Telecommunication systems |
| US4679131A (en) * | 1985-05-10 | 1987-07-07 | Rca Corporation | Regulating power supply for video display apparatus |
| US4809150A (en) * | 1988-01-27 | 1989-02-28 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | DC to DC converter with feed forward and feed back regulation |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS502150A (en) * | 1973-05-15 | 1975-01-10 |
-
1974
- 1974-12-27 DE DE2461654A patent/DE2461654C3/en not_active Expired
-
1975
- 1975-12-19 SE SE7514461A patent/SE7514461L/en unknown
- 1975-12-19 IT IT30517/75A patent/IT1051417B/en active
- 1975-12-22 FR FR7539300A patent/FR2296301A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1975-12-24 GB GB52771/75A patent/GB1536408A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-12-26 JP JP50159752A patent/JPS5193352A/ja active Pending
- 1975-12-27 NL NL7515111A patent/NL7515111A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3109034A1 (en) * | 1981-03-10 | 1982-09-30 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Switching regulator for regulating and/or limiting an output variable |
| DE3330039A1 (en) * | 1983-08-19 | 1985-02-28 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | LOCKING CONVERTER SWITCHING POWER SUPPLY |
| DE3609731A1 (en) * | 1986-03-22 | 1987-09-24 | Ant Nachrichtentech | Method for regulating the output voltage of a switched-mode regulator, and a device for this purpose |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1051417B (en) | 1981-04-21 |
| FR2296301A1 (en) | 1976-07-23 |
| NL7515111A (en) | 1976-06-29 |
| JPS5193352A (en) | 1976-08-16 |
| DE2461654C3 (en) | 1979-04-19 |
| DE2461654A1 (en) | 1976-07-01 |
| SE7514461L (en) | 1976-06-28 |
| GB1536408A (en) | 1978-12-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
| EHJ | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |