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EP0024711B2 - Produits concentrés de tensides aqueux et procédé pour l'amélioration des propriétés d'écoulement de produits concentrés de tensides aqueux difficilement transportables - Google Patents
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EP0024711B2 - Produits concentrés de tensides aqueux et procédé pour l'amélioration des propriétés d'écoulement de produits concentrés de tensides aqueux difficilement transportables - Google Patents

Produits concentrés de tensides aqueux et procédé pour l'amélioration des propriétés d'écoulement de produits concentrés de tensides aqueux difficilement transportables Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0024711B2
EP0024711B2 EP80105017A EP80105017A EP0024711B2 EP 0024711 B2 EP0024711 B2 EP 0024711B2 EP 80105017 A EP80105017 A EP 80105017A EP 80105017 A EP80105017 A EP 80105017A EP 0024711 B2 EP0024711 B2 EP 0024711B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alkyl
weight
aqueous surfactant
water
concentrates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP80105017A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0024711A1 (fr
EP0024711B1 (fr
Inventor
Uwe Dr. Ploog
Ingo Wegener
Johann Dr. Glasl
Werner Dr. Erwied
Bernhard Bartnick
Rainer Dr. Höfer
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Priority claimed from DE19792935428 external-priority patent/DE2935428A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19803002993 external-priority patent/DE3002993A1/de
Application filed by Henkel AG and Co KGaA filed Critical Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Priority to AT80105017T priority Critical patent/ATE5778T1/de
Publication of EP0024711A1 publication Critical patent/EP0024711A1/fr
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Publication of EP0024711B2 publication Critical patent/EP0024711B2/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3707—Polyethers, e.g. polyalkyleneoxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/123—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from carboxylic acids, e.g. sulfosuccinates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
    • C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
    • C11D17/003—Colloidal solutions, e.g. gels; Thixotropic solutions or pastes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
    • Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
    • Y10S516/03—Organic sulfoxy compound containing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
    • Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
    • Y10S516/03—Organic sulfoxy compound containing
    • Y10S516/05—Organic amine, amide, or n-base containing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
    • Y10S526/911—Emulsifying agents

Definitions

  • Alkyl ether sulfates are in particular sulfates of alkoxylated non-aromatic alcohols having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, in particular 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • Alcohols of this type can be obtained from raw materials of natural origin, for example coconut or palm kernel oil, or are available as synthetic materials, e.g. B. in the form of the known Ziegler or oxo alcohols.
  • non-aromatic alcohols with saturated or unsaturated, optionally also branched alkyl radicals of the type mentioned are first alkoxylated to produce detergents with lower alkylene oxides, in particular with ethylene oxide and / or with propylene oxide, then sulfated and then converted into the corresponding water-soluble salts.
  • Detergents of this type are used for many purposes, for example in liquid cleaning agents, foam baths and shampoos.
  • Aqueous solutions with a comparatively low content of alkyl ether sulfate - for example with a content of about 10% by weight of detergent (WAS) - show the special property of this class of detergents that can be thickened again by adding neutral salts such as NaCl or Na 2 S0 4 . In practice, this ability of the class of detergents concerned here is often used.
  • Anionic surfactants also play a dominant role as emulsifiers for the technical production of polymer dispersions.
  • alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates and alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkylaryl polyglycol ether sulfates and sulfosuccinates of natural and synthetic alcohol polyglycol ethers or alkylphenol ethoxylates are mainly used today.
  • Emulsifiers of the type concerned are usually available in the form of dilute aqueous solutions. Highly concentrated mixtures can only be produced by adding up to 20% lower alcohols such as ethanol or isopropanol.
  • lower alcohols such as ethanol or isopropanol.
  • organic solvents for example the alcohols mentioned, is not always desirable in polymer dispersions for technical reasons, and because of their flammability they are associated with a considerable safety risk both in the preparation of the emulsifiers and during transport, storage and use . It is also known that even slight shifts in the water / alcohol ratio in such concentrates can lead to undesirable signs of sedimentation.
  • DE-A 2251 405 describes the use of certain carboxylic acid salts.
  • the salts of hydroxycarboxylic acids e.g. Sodium citrate, recommended.
  • aromatic sulfonic acids and their salts are suitable for the same purpose.
  • DE-A 2 326 006 sulfonic acids or sulfates or the corresponding water-soluble salts with saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals with 1 to 6 carbon atoms can be used as viscosity regulators.
  • all of these suggestions are limited to the group of linear alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates and their use as detergent surfactants.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Sho-50-116 383 describes a process for the preparation of surfactants with low viscosity, in which sulfuric acid semiesters of higher molecular weight alcohols or of ethoxylates of higher molecular weight alcohols during or after the neutralization of polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 300 to 6000 in an amount of 0.1 to 25 wt .-%, based on the active substance of the sulfuric acid semiesters, is added.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Sho-53-111173 (Derwent Unit 79211 A / 44) describes anhydrous fiber preparation agents, that of a) 15-65% by weight polypropylene glycol mono- or disulfate with alkali metal or alkanolammonium cation, b) 30-70% by weight water-soluble anionic surfactant of the sulfonic acid or sulfuric acid ester type and c) 3-15% by weight alkali metal - or alkanolamine soap exist.
  • the polypropylene glycols on which component b) is based have an average degree of polymerization of 20 to 90.
  • the object of the invention is to provide aqueous surfactant concentrates of the type described, which can be pumped even in high concentrations and, when diluted with water, show no undesirable increase in the viscosity or thickening of the gel state.
  • the invention seeks to provide alcohol-free aqueous surfactant concentrates of alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl aryl ether sulfates, alkyl aryl sulfonates and sulfosuccinates of alkyl and alkyl aryl polyglycol ether alcohols, as well as fatty alcohols, which can be pumped even in high concentrations, and when diluted with water shows no undesirable increase in the viscosity or thickening of the gel state and without the addition of metal salts, e.g.
  • colloidal gel phases are suitable as detergent surfactants, for shampoo production, for emulsifying natural fats or as polymerization emulsifiers.
  • the formation of colloidal gel phases in particular should be counteracted. Nevertheless, it should be possible to effectively thicken alkyl ether sulfates in the diluted state at low concentrations of WAS by adding neutral salts such as sodium chloride or sodium sulfate.
  • the technical solution to this problem is based on the finding that water-soluble salts of mono- and / or disulfates of lower polyalkylene ether glycols - in particular of polyethylene glycol and / or of polypropylene glycol (here in particular of 1,2-polypropylene glycol) - effective viscosity regulators for aqueous surfactant concentrates here are affected. In particular, it was found that the effect of these viscosity regulators increases with the increase in the molecular weight of the underlying polyether glycol.
  • the invention accordingly relates to aqueous surfactant concentrates containing at least 20% by weight of water-soluble salts of one or more surfactants from the group consisting of alkyl sulfates, alkylarylsulfonates and alkylsulfosuccinates and minor amounts of water-soluble salts of sulfates of lower polyalkylene glycols, characterized in that they contain 0.1 up to 10% by weight, based on the aqueous surfactant concentrate, contain water-soluble salts of mono- and / or disulfates of a lower polyalkylene ether glycol, the molecular weight of which is at least 600, as a viscosity regulator.
  • aqueous surfactant concentrates containing at least 20 wt .-% of water-soluble salts of one or more surfactants from the group of alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates, Alkylarylpolyglykolethersulfate, Alkylpolyglykolethersulfosuccinate and Alkylarylpolyglykolethersulfosuccinate and minor amounts of water-soluble SaEzen of sulfates of lower polyalkylene ether glycols, characterized in that it 2 up to 10% by weight, based on the aqueous surfactant concentrate, contain water-soluble salts of mono- and / or disulfates of a lower polyalkylene ether glycol, the molecular weight of which is at least 1500, as a viscosity regulator.
  • the surfactants are preferably present in amounts of at least about 25% by weight, in particular at least about 30% by weight, e.g. B. in amounts of 50 to 80 wt .-% - based on aqueous surfactant concentrate - before.
  • Lower polyalkylene ether glycols of the type concerned here are derived from straight-chain or branched glycols having a maximum of up to 5 carbon atoms.
  • the corresponding polyethylene ether glycols and / or polypropylene ether glycols are of particular importance - the polyether glycols derived from 1,2-propylene glycol being particularly important in the case of the last-mentioned compounds.
  • This information applies to the water-soluble salts of the mono- and / or disulfates of the lower polyalkylene ether glycols used as viscosity regulators according to the invention.
  • the invention further relates to a process for improving the flow behavior of surfactant concentrates which are difficult to move, containing one or more surfactants from the group consisting of alkyl sulfates, alkyl aryl sulfonates and alkyl sulfosuccinates by adding small amounts of a viscosity regulator, in which 0.1 to 10% by weight is used as the viscosity regulator on aqueous surfactant concentrate - water-soluble salts of mono- and / or disulfates of a lower polyalkylene ether glycol, the molecular weight of which is at least 600, preferably at least 1000, is added.
  • a viscosity regulator in which 0.1 to 10% by weight is used as the viscosity regulator on aqueous surfactant concentrate - water-soluble salts of mono- and / or disulfates of a lower polyalkylene ether glycol, the molecular weight of which is at least 600, preferably at least 1000, is added.
  • the invention further relates to a process for improving the flow behavior of surfactant concentrates which are difficult to move, comprising one or more surfactants from the group consisting of alkylpolyglycol ether sulfates, alkylarylpolyglycol ether sulfates, alkylpolyglycol ether sulfosuccinates and alkylarylpolyglycol ether sulfosuccinates by adding small amounts of a viscosity regulator% - to which, based on aqueous surfactant concentrate - water-soluble salts of mono- and / or disulfates of a lower polyalkylene ether glycol, the molecular weight of which is at least 1500, is added.
  • the sulfates and here in particular the disulfates of lower polyalkylene ether glycols, in particular of polyethylene oxide and / or of 1,2-polypropylene oxide, have proven to be particularly effective viscosity regulators for highly concentrated aqueous surfactant concentrates of the type concerned by the present invention.
  • the viscosity-reducing effect or the thickening state of the gel of these regulators decreases with increasing molecular weight or increasing degree of polycondensation of the alkylene glycol.
  • the molecular weight of the base material for the viscosity regulator is preferably at least about 1000. Molecular weights of up to 6000 or even more can be considered.
  • Disulphates of polyalkylene glycols of the stated type with molecular weights in the range from 1500 to 4000 are particularly preferred.
  • the disulfates used according to the invention as viscosity regulators thus generally derive from polyether glycols which differ from the polyalkylene glycols, as they can be caused by the slight traces of water in the alkoxylation of alcoholic components.
  • the teaching of the invention also allows the viscosity regulators to be used in a predeterminable manner in terms of type and quantity, so that predeterminable targeted effects with regard to reducing the gel state are possible.
  • the viscosity regulators used according to the invention are themselves effective washing-active substances (WAS). An undesirable load with inactive components is avoided.
  • the surfactant mixtures according to the invention are not only pumpable as such in a highly concentrated form; when diluted with water, there is no increase in the gel state, but rather the desired dilution effect.
  • alkyl ether sulfates that after the surfactant content has been reduced to values of, for example, approximately 10 to 25% by weight, the addition of neutral salts effectively thickened the liquid aqueous solutions, which are now easily mobile.
  • any water-soluble salts of the viscosity regulators used according to the invention can be used.
  • Alkaline salts, soluble alkaline earth metal salts, for example corresponding magnesium salts, the ammonium salts and / or salts with organic amines are particularly suitable for practical use.
  • Suitable amine salts are, for example, alkylolamine salts.
  • the sodium salts are of particular importance.
  • the most important salt for practical use is the sodium salt of the disulfate of polyethylene ether glycols and / or 1,2-polypropylene ether glycols with the specified minimum molecular weights.
  • the statements made here regarding the salt-forming cations of the viscosity regulators can have corresponding validity for the salt-forming cations present in the surfactants.
  • the viscosity regulators are present in the concentrates of the alkyl sulfates, alkylarylsulfonates and alkylsulfosuccinates in amounts of 0.1 to 10% by weight.
  • the viscosity regulators are present in amounts of 2 to 10% by weight. Amounts of 2 to 5% by weight can be particularly preferred.
  • the amount of the viscosity regulator is determined by the desired lowering of the gel point and / or by the thickening effect of the respective surfactant.
  • the special structure of the surfactant can be significant. If surfactants of the type mentioned are present which contain polyalkoxy radicals, the extent of the polyalkoxylation of the underlying alcohol can be significant. Low alkoxylated alcohols can usually be effectively influenced even in high concentrations with 2 to 5 wt.
  • the viscosity regulator can be added to the aqueous surfactant concentrate as a preformed compound or as a preformed compound mixture.
  • the viscosity regulator is expediently used as a concentrated aqueous solution (WAS content, for example 50 to 90% by weight) and mixed with the aqueous solution of the respective surfactant.
  • WAS content for example 50 to 90% by weight
  • the viscosity regulator by sulfating the lower polyalkylene ether glycols in situ in the presence of the surfactant-forming basic components.
  • the sulfation can thus take place, for example, in the presence of an alkyl polyglycol ether alcohol or an alkylaryl polyglycol ether alcohol.
  • the sulfation of both the alcoholic surfactant-forming component and the preformed lower polyalkylene ether glycols are expediently combined.
  • the desired mixing ratios of the surfactant-forming alcoholic components and of the polyaclylene ether glycols forming the viscosity regulator are simply set here and this mixture of substances is then subjected to the sulfation known per se. Finally, the sulfates formed are converted into the desired water-soluble salt. The same cation is set in the surfactant and in the viscosity regulator.
  • alkyl ether sulfates are sulfates of alkoxylated C 8 -C 24 alcohols, preferably such deri vate with a carbon chain of 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • Non-aromatic alcohols with carbon chains of 10 to 16 links can be particularly preferred.
  • the carbon chain can be straight-chain and / or branched and saturated and / or unsaturated.
  • alcohols of the type mentioned are accessible both from natural products and by synthesis.
  • the alcohols are alkoxylated with lower alkylene oxides.
  • the low alkoxylated derivatives up to 10 or 12, preferably 1 to 4, in particular 2 to 3, alkoxy groups are added to the alcohol radical.
  • the highly alkoxylated derivatives polyalkoxy radicals with a number of members over 10 or 12, for example up to 100, in particular 20 to 80, are provided.
  • the most important alkoxylating agents are ethylene oxide and / or 1,2-propylene oxide.
  • Suitable salts are therefore in particular the alkali metal salts, soluble alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium salts and salts with organic amines.
  • the most important salt in practice is the sodium salt of alkyl ether sulfate.
  • the compounds preferably correspond to the general formula
  • the S0 3M group can also be interchanged within the succinic acid ester.
  • this alkyl radical preferably contains at least 8 carbon atoms, radicals with 10 to 18 carbon atoms can be particularly preferred.
  • the sulfonic acid residue in succinic acid may also be interchanged in surfactants of this type.
  • the aqueous surfactant concentrates according to the invention can also contain other surface-active agents.
  • nonionic WAS for example alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, are suitable.
  • Na-C12 / 14-2 sulfate is liquefied with 3% by weight or 6% by weight of the viscosity regulator and after dilution with water to a content of 10% by weight WAS is examined for its thickenability with sodium chloride.
  • WAS a content of 10% by weight
  • Tables a) and b) show that even small amounts of the viscosity regulators according to the invention have a liquefying effect on highly concentrated fatty alcohol ether sulfates. When moving to lower concentrations d. H. when diluted, the viscosity is not increased abruptly, but a decrease occurs.
  • the aqueous solution of a Na-C12 / 14-fatty alcohol-50-EO-sulfate with an active substance hold of 25% by weight has a gel point of + 12 ° C.
  • disodium polyethylene glycol disulfates based on polyethylene glycols with molecular weights 1550, 3000 and 4000 are used.
  • the gel point of the starting solution is reduced to the values shown in Table 5.
  • An adduct of 50 moles of ethylene oxide with one mole of C12 / 14 fatty alcohol is sulfated with chlorosulfonic acid alone and in the blends with polyethylene glycol given in Table 6 under customary conditions. 1.05 moles of chlorosulfonic acid are used per mole of hydroxyl groups (calculated according to the OH number). After neutralizing with sodium hydroxide solution and setting an active substance concentration of 25% by weight, the gel points listed in Table 6 are found.
  • the Höppler viscosity at 25 ° C of a 30% C 12 / C 15 oxo alcohol sulfate Na salt (abbreviated here with OAS) is approx. 8500 mPa.s.
  • OAS oxo alcohol sulfate Na salt
  • the viscosity-breaking influence of PEG disulfates on such aqueous alkyl sulfate concentrates is determined.
  • the following blends are made by OAS and the Höppler viscosity is measured.
  • ABS 50% n-dodecylbenzenesulfonate
  • ABS 50% n-dodecylbenzenesulfonate
  • the Brookfield viscosity spindle 6, 20 rpm, 25 ° C
  • the viscosity-breaking influence of polyethylene glycols and PEG disulfates on such aqueous ABS concentrates is determined.
  • the following mixes of ABS are produced and the Höppler viscosity is measured.
  • the di-Na-sulfosuccinic acid semi-ester of octylphenol + 11 EO forms a non-pourable, immobile gel at 30% AS in aqueous solution, which only becomes fluid at 33 ° C (gel point).
  • the Höppler viscosity of the gel at 25 ° C is naturally not measurably high.
  • the gel point can be lowered to -2 ° C, the Höppler viscosity at 25 ° C is measurable and is only 80-100 mPa. s.
  • 10% PEG 4000 disulfate, NA salt as a 33% aqueous solution, the gel point can be lowered even further and is then at ⁇ -10 ° C.

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Claims (20)

1. Concentrats aqueux d'agents tensio-actifs contenant au moins 20% en poids de sels hydrosolubles d'un ou de plusieurs des agents tensio-actifs du groupe des alkyl-sulfates, des alkylaryl- sulfonates, et des alkyl-sulfosuccinates ainsi que des quantités mineures de sels hydrosolubles de sulfates de polyalkylène-glycols inférieurs, caractérisés en ce que, comme régulateurs de viscosité, ils contiennent 0,1 -10% en poids - par rapport au concentrat d'agent tensio-actif aqueux - de sels hydrosolubles de monosulfates et/ou de disulfates d'un polyalkylène-éther-glycol inférieur d'un poids moléculaire d'au moins 600.
2. Concentrats aqueux d'agents tensio-actifs suivant la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce que, comme régulateurs de viscosité, on a des sels hydrosolubles de monosulfates et/ou de disulfates de polyéthylène-éthers-glycols et/ou de polypropylène-éthers-glycols ayant le poids moléculaire minimum indiqué.
3. Concentrats aqueux d'agents tensio-actifs suivant les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisés en ce que le poids moléculaire du polyalkylène-éther-glycol à la base du régulateur de viscosité salin est d'au moins 1000, de préférence, d'au moins 1500 et, en l'occurrence, il peut se situer, par exemple, dans un domaine allant jusqu'à 6000.
4. Concentrats aqueux d'agents tensio-actifs suivant les revendications 1 à 3, caractérisés en ce que le régulateur de viscosité et/ou les sels d'agents tensio-actifs présents dans le concentrat comportent, comme cation, un métal alcalin, un métal alcalino-terreux hydrosoluble, l'ammonium et/ou des cations d'amines.
5. Concentrats aqueux d'agents tensio-actifs suivant les revendications 1 à 4, caractérisés en ce que les régulateurs de viscosité sont présents en quantités de 2 à 5% en poids, calculé sur le concentrat aqueux d'agent tensio-actif.
6. Concentrats aqueux d'agents tensio-actifs suivant les revendications 1 à 5, caractérisés en ce que les sels d'agents tensio-actifs sont présents en quantités d'au moins 25% en poids, par exemple, en quantités de 50 à 80% en poids, calculé sur le concentrat aqueux d'agent tensio-actif.
7. Concentrats aqueux d'agents tensio-actifs suivant les revendications 1 à 6, caractérisés en ce qu'ils sont des solutions aptes à être pompées, de préférence, des solutions s'écoulant librement à la température normale ou uniquement à des températures légèrement élevées.
8. Concentrats aqueux d'agents tensio-actifs suivant les revendications 1 à 7, caractérisés en ce qu'ils contiennent des composés tensio-actifs supplémentaires, par exemple, des alkyl-phénols alcoxylés.
9. Procédé en vue d'améliorer le comportement à l'écoulement de concentrats d'agents tensio-actifs d'une faible mobilité contenant un ou plusieurs agents tensio-actifs choisis parmi le groupe comprenant les alkyl-sulfates, les alkyl- aryl-sulfonates, et les alkyl-sulfosuccinates, par l'addition de faibles quantités d'un régulateur de viscosité, caractérisé en ce que, comme régulateurs de viscosité, on utilise 0,1 à 10% en poids - par rapport au concentrat d'agent tensio-actifs aqueux - de sels hydrosolubles de monosulfates et/ou de disulfates d'un polyalkylène-éther-glycol inférieur d'un poids moléculaire d'au moins 600, de préférence, d'au moins 1000.
10. Procédé suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que, comme régulateur de viscosité, on utilise des monosulfates et/ou des disulfates de polyéthylène-éthers-glycols et/ou de polypropylène-éthers-glycols ayant le poids moléculaire indiqué, que l'on prépare, de préférence, par sulfatation des polyalkylène-éthers-glycols inférieurs en présence du composant de base d'agent tensio-actif qui n'a pas encore été sulfaté, avantageusement avec sulfatation simultanée de ce composant de base d'agent tensio-actif et du régulateur de viscosité avec salification ultérieure.
11. Procédé suivant les revendications 9 et 10, caractérisé en ce que, au concentrat d'agent tensio-actif, on ajoute le régulateur de viscosité préformé séparément, avantageusement sous forme d'une solution aqueuse concentrée.
12. Concentrats aqueux d'agents tensio-actifs contenant au moins 20% en poids de sels hydrosolubles d'un ou de plusieurs des agents tensioactifs du groupe des alkyl-polyglycols-éthers- sulfates, des alkyl-aryl-polyglycols-éthers- sulfates, des alkyl-polyglycols-éthers-sulfosuccinates et des alkyl-aryl-polyglycols-éthers-sulfosuccinates et des quantités mineures de sels hydrosolubles de sulfates de polyalkylène-éthers-glycols inférieurs, caractérisés en ce qu'ils contiennent 2 à 10% en poids - par rapport au concentrat aqueux d'agent tensio-actif - de sels hydrosolubles de mono- et/ou de disulfates d'un polyalkylène-éther-glycol inférieur dont le poids moléculaire est d'au moins 1500 en tant que régulateur de viscosité.
13. Concentrats aqueux d'agents tensio-actifs selon la revendication 12, caractérisés en ce que, comme régulateurs de viscosité, on a des sels hydrosolubles de monosulfates et/ou de disulfates de polyéthylène-éthers-glycols et/ou de polypropylène-éthers-glycols ayant le poids moléculaire indiqué.
14. Concentrats aqueux d'agents tensio-actifs selon les revendications 12 et 13, caractérisés en ce que le régulateur de viscosité et/ou les sels d'agents tensio-actifs présents dans le concentrat comportent, comme cation, un métal alcalin, un métal alcalino-terreux hydrosoluble, l'ammonium et/ou des cations d'amines.
15. Concentrats aqueux d'agents tensio-actifs selon les revendications 12 à 14, caractérisés en ce que les sels d'agents tensio-actifs sont présents en quantités d'au moins 25% en poids, par exemple, en quantités de 50 à 80% en poids, calculé sur le concentrat aqueux d'agent tensio-actif.
16. Concentrats aqueux d'agents tensio-actifs selon les revendications 12 à 15, caractérisés en ce qu'ils sont des solutions aptes à être pompées, de préférence, des solutions s'écoulant librement à la température normale ou uniquement à des températures légèrement élevées.
17. Concentrats aqueux d'agents tensio-actifs selon les revendications 12 à 16, caractérisés en ce qu'ils contiennent des composés tensio-actifs supplémentaires, par exemple, des alkyl-phénols alcoxylés.
18. Procédé d'amélioration du comportement à l'écoulement de concentrats d'agents tensio-actifs d'une faible mobilité, contenant un ou plusieurs agents tensio-actifs du groupe des alkyl- polyglycols-éthers-sulfates, des alkyl-aryl-poly- glycols-éthers-sulfates, des alkyl-polyglycols- éthers-sulfosuccinates. et des alkyl-aryl-polygly- cols-éthers-sulfosuccinates par addition de faibles quantités d'un régulateur de viscosité, caractérisés en ce qu'on utilise comme régulateur de viscosité 2 à 10% en poids - par rapport au concentrat d'agent tensio-actif aqueux - de sels hydrosolubles de mono- et/ou de disulfates d'un polylakylène-éther-glycol inférieur dont le poids moléculaire est d'au moins 1500.
19. Procédé selon la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que, comme régulateur de viscosité, on utilise des monosulfates et/ou des disulfates de polyéthylène-éthers-glycols et/ou de polypropylène-éthers-glycols ayant le poids moléculaire indiqué, que l'on prépare, de préférence, par sulfatation des polyalkylène-éthers-glycols inférieurs en présence du composant de base d'agent tensio-actif qui n'a pas encore été sulfaté, avantageusement avec sulfatation simultanée de ce composant de base d'agent tensio-actif et du régulateur de viscosité avec salification ultérieure.
20. Procédé selon les revendications 18 et 19, caractérisés en ce que, au concentrat d'agent tensio-actif, on ajoute le régulateur de viscosité préformé séparément, avantageusement sous forme d'une solution aqueuse concentrée.
EP80105017A 1979-09-01 1980-08-23 Produits concentrés de tensides aqueux et procédé pour l'amélioration des propriétés d'écoulement de produits concentrés de tensides aqueux difficilement transportables Expired EP0024711B2 (fr)

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AT80105017T ATE5778T1 (de) 1979-09-01 1980-08-23 Waessrige tensidkonzentrate und verfahren zur verbesserung des fliessverhaltens schwer beweglicher waessriger tensidkonzentrate.

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DE19792935428 DE2935428A1 (de) 1979-09-01 1979-09-01 Waessrige tensidkonzentrate und verfahren zur verbesserung des fliessverhaltens schwer beweglicher waessriger tensidkonzentrate
DE2935428 1979-09-01
DE3002993 1980-01-29
DE19803002993 DE3002993A1 (de) 1980-01-29 1980-01-29 Waessrige tensidkonzentrate und verfahren zur verbesserung des fliessverhaltens schwerbeweglicher waessriger tensidkonzentrate

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EP0024711A1 (fr) 1981-03-11
US4476037A (en) 1984-10-09
DE3066054D1 (en) 1984-02-09
US4384978A (en) 1983-05-24
CA1152850A (fr) 1983-08-30
EP0024711B1 (fr) 1984-01-04

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