EP0463566B2 - Method and device for estimating the shots on a target - Google Patents

Abstract

A scanner (22) is assigned a reflected-light line (32) above a target-disc transport path and a transmitted-light transmission line (28) below this transport path. When a shot hole comes into the detection range of the scanner (22), the disc band is sensed by this in lines and a plurality of hole edge points are determined, these being combined arithmetically to form a polygon from which the shot- hole centre is calculated. Simultaneously with the entry of the hole- edge points, the same scanner (22) detects a number of points of the target-disc ring adjacent to the shot hole. An arc segment of the disc ring is calculated arithmetically from these ring points and its centre point is determined. The shot result is calculated from the distance between the shot-hole centre and the disc centre. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for evaluating hits from shooting targets, according to 10 the generic features of claims 1 and 10 respectively.

According to the method according to EP-PS 86 803, the target disc or the target disc band through a first stationary optical system in which a photocell transitions the light-dark transitions of the mirror of the shooting target and determines the target center coordinate in the target transport direction calculated. The hole position in the disk transport direction is also determined by transmitted light, and in such a way that the shot hole is exactly above a light transmission line, which is done by comparing the light reception values made possible by two rows of light receivers arranged on the other side of the pane becomes. In this way, the center coordinate of the shot hole in the target transport direction is determined in the same way, the center coordinates of the target and the shot hole must be transverse to the target transport direction be determined. This requires the second optical system to be moved on a cross Arrange car. The transport path of the disc and that of the car between each The center of the hole and the center of the target are then used to calculate the shot result. The result is displayed and can also be printed on the disc.

The known evaluation method and the device operating according to it have proven themselves in practice, however, some disadvantages are unmistakable. The optical scanning system works with an LED line and photo transistors. For an exact evaluation, these optical elements must have the same electrical, optical and have mechanical values in the entire operating temperature range. Fringe on the edge of the bullet hole can lead to evaluation errors. The mechanical guidance of the second optical system on the traversable Trolley is expensive. There are comparatively long transport routes involved in the measuring process come in. The percentage slip affects the measurement result. For large shooting targets, like they are required for small-caliber shooting, sufficient accuracy is only possible with a very large one technical effort to achieve.

The publications DE-A-30 27 775, DE-A-30 13 244, WO-A-86 04 676 and WO-A-89 01 147 describe Scanner systems for the detection of defects in continuous textile webs and the like. However, none is used here Hit evaluation of shooting targets made, in principle two different positions must be recorded, namely once the disc rings to determine the center of the disc as a reference and on the other hand the hole edge points to determine the center of the hole. This is the only way to determine the Relative position from the center of the hole to the center of the disc and a subsequent hit evaluation in the form a determination of a certain ring value possible. However, such an evaluation is completely missing, likewise the determination of a center of the pane as a reference, as is essentially the case with EP-A-86803 (= WO 83/00920) by two separate optical systems for the longitudinal and transverse movement. In addition With this writing, the center of the hole is determined on the one hand and on the other hand the center of the pane in turn through two separate subsystems, namely a light transmission / reception line on the one hand and several button-shaped reflection light barriers on the other hand. This makes this device for hit evaluation shooting targets extremely complex, as shown at the beginning.

From DE-A-26 25 500 a shooting range is also known in which a television camera for display the shot is used. Here, too, there is no evaluation of the ring value, as is the case for one Ring reading machine for exact evaluation of the rings shot would be required.

Finally, DE-A-23 64 386 describes a method for counting shot pellet impacts on one Test disk known, a television camera used to count these impacts on a test disk becomes. Here, too, there is no assignment from the center of the hole to the center of the pane, as is the case for an exact, fast and accurate shooting target evaluation would be required.

The object of the invention is to evaluate the evaluation method and the evaluation device operating according to it simplify, accelerate the working method and at the same time the accuracy of the shooting target evaluation to increase.

This task is carried out in a method for the evaluation of hits from shooting targets according to the generic term solved by claim 1 by its characterizing features.

A preferred embodiment forms the subject of claim 2.

The invention has significant advantages. The method is suitable for the evaluation of all common Disc bands and single discs. Inaccuracies in disk transport caused by slippage does not affect the measurement result or does so much less. The evaluation process is significantly accelerated since only the shot hole area needs to be detected. A single scanner e.g. in shape of a high-resolution scanner significantly reduces the manufacturing costs. In contrast to the stand In technology, the center of the shot hole is no longer on the center of the target, but on the closest and preferably covered with the inner disc ring, as can also be done manually with the usual "shot hole tester" is carried out. Thanks to the invention, large-area shooting targets can also be evaluated. The Shot holes do not have to be sharply contoured, but can to a certain extent be frayed and so-called double shots can also be evaluated, ie two overlapping shot holes.

The use of a scanner represents a particularly advantageous hardware Realization of the method according to the invention. Such scanners are commercially available. For the invention a scanner version with normal resolution is sufficient, e.g. at 200 DPI (dots per inch), which means that the distance between the sampling points is about 0.12 mm. The width of the scan line is the same size. Here it is within the scope of the invention, first the hole edge points and then the points of the neighboring one To capture the arcuate piece of the disc. In contrast, the subjects of claims 4 and 5 form a more advantageous alternative, since they increase the evaluation speed and the accuracy. During one half a line feed of about 0.06 mm are e.g. two opposite hole edge points due of transmitted light striking the scanner. During the next half line feed the transmitted light is switched off or covered, so that two points are now reflected by reflected light of the shot hole adjacent disc ring can be detected. This way, you will take turns Pixels of the hole edge and the disc ring determined. One or two comparatively short elbows of the corresponding disc ring are sufficient for the mathematical determination of the center of the disc. A circumferentially closed polygon is also not required for the hole edge; rather, e.g. beautiful the hole center can be calculated from a half polygon. Therefore, with the method according to the invention also evaluate double shots. Any fringes do not affect the measurement result because their signals fall out of the hole contour so strongly that it can be electronically eliminated.

In order to be able to alternately determine perforated edge signals and ring arch signals from the scanner, this must be done Transmitted light for the hole edge detection cannot be switched off periodically, even if this is the case is easily possible, so as not to disturb the ring detection, but rather a detection system use that differentiates transmitted light from reflected reflected light and only when determining the edge of the hole Transmitted light and only the reflected incident light are taken into account for ring detection the light sources are in different frequency bands, as is possible, the light transmission line for to design the transmitted light with a considerably greater light intensity than the incident light.

An important further development of the invention forms the subject of claim 7. Here it is exceeded a specified deviation of the hole edge polygon from the reference polygon of the optical Hole scanning is followed by a mechanical or ultrasonic auxiliary scanning process. Poses namely this detection unit notes that the edge of the hole has not been detected so reliably that a clear Hole center determination is possible, this optical measurement result is used as a rough measurement, the one Fine measurement is connected. A secondary scanning system is used for this fine measurement, that works mechanically or with ultrasound and at a predetermined distance from the optical system is moved to the disk transport direction. The optical rough determination of the hole then serves the to bring secondary scanning system on the transversely movable carriage in the roughly scanned position so that the shot hole enters the detection area of this secondary scanning system. This is now on the Shot hole adjusted by the disc in the conveying direction relative to the secondary scanning system Correction path and the secondary scanning system executes its own correction path at right angles to it and by the transport distance of the disc between the two scanning systems and the transverse movement distance of the secondary scanning system with the two correction paths for hole center determination. Such a secondary scanning system represents an increased construction outlay, but also enables it an automatic evaluation of optically ambiguous shot holes and even of "closed" Bullet holes. The mechanical secondary scanning system uses a gimbaled mandrel, who has an axial movement play. The mandrel is held in a neutral position and after the cross movable carriage has moved into the rough position determined by the optical system, lowered into the hole, where it centers itself with respect to the circumference of the hole, where it experiences a deflection, its components recorded in the direction of transport of the disc and transversely thereto and with the coordinates of the rough determination of the hole will be charged. The detection of the mandrel deflection can easily be determined inductively or optically. A particularly precise and advantageous solution is that the centering mandrel in its central region is suspended gimbally and axially movably in a self-aligning ball bearing and on his, the mandrel tip opposite end carries a light-emitting diode, the light of which on a four-quadrant photodiode system falls. The sum of all four individual levels remains constant. In the neutral position of the centering mandrel, the four quadrants at the same level. When the mandrel is deflected, there are level differences for determination the deflection coordinates are used.

The ultrasound scanning system that can be used instead of in addition to the mechanical secondary scanning system uses an ultrasonic barrier with a transmitter on one side of the disc and one Receiver on the other hand. The ultrasonic barrier is just like the mechanical one described above Variant in the shot hole position roughly determined by the optical system in the transverse direction for the target transport method. Then the disc transport and the wagon transport carry out correction paths until the sound power measured by the receiver reaches its maximum. The two correction paths are again with the coordinates of the roughly determined hole position. The mechanical solution of the secondary Scanning system has the advantage that double shots can be evaluated very precisely while the Secondary scanning system working on ultrasound is advantageously used when the shot holes are very frayed, because it has surprisingly been found that such fringes when subjected to ultrasound have hardly any effect on the measurement result.

The invention further relates to a device for evaluating hits with a target Housing in which a motor-driven transport device for the target or the target band is arranged with one arranged on one side of the transport path for the disk, transversely to the Direction of transport aligned light transmission line and a parallel light reception line on the other Side of the transport track, with the light transmission line and the light reception line in or symmetrical are arranged to a transverse plane crossing the disk transport path at right angles. Such a device is known from the aforementioned EP-PS 86 803. The novelty of the invention according to claim 10 now in the fact that the light receiving line as with a full-length incident light illumination unit equipped scanner or area scanner as the only light receiving element for the Transmitted light penetrating the shot hole and the reflected light reflected by the disc is formed. For the Invention is preferred a line-wise scanner, since it takes up little space in the housing and is inexpensive. For shot hole edge detection and for detection of the adjacent disc ring the disc must be moved a small distance in the order of the shot hole diameter. In many cases, however, the scanning of a partial area of the shot hole is sufficient, so that a transport route the disk of half the shot hole diameter is sufficient for the scan. Instead of Line scanner uses an area scan camera, which in principle consists of a large number of consecutive The scanner, the evaluation of the shot hole edge and the ring arch can take place at the moment. The disc remains at rest during the scanning. The evaluation speed increases, however the construction effort is greater.

The invention is explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the drawing.

FIG. 1

eine schematische vertikale Schnittansicht durch eine Ausführungsform der Auswertevorrichtung,

FIG. 2

eine Draufsicht auf die Auswertevorrichtung nach Wegnahme des Gehäuseoberteils, und

FIG. 3

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer sekundären Abtasteinrichtung, die bei der Vorrichtung gemäß Figuren 1 und 2 Verwendung findet

It shows

FIG. 1

2 shows a schematic vertical sectional view through an embodiment of the evaluation device,

FIG. 2nd

a plan view of the evaluation device after removal of the upper housing part, and

FIG. 3rd

a perspective view of a secondary scanner, which is used in the device according to Figures 1 and 2

In a housing 10 are two synchronized pairs of transport rollers 12, 14 for transport a shooting target belt 16, which is driven by a motor 18 which can be driven in both directions will. A fork light barrier 20 detects the presence of a target 16 and sets the engine 18 in overdrive. Immediately behind the first pair of drive rollers 12 is above a scanner 22 is arranged on the disk transport path, which extends over the usable width of the housing. In the exemplary embodiment, the shooting disk band 16 does not take up the full usable width of the housing 10 a. With one edge, the shooting disc band 16 lies on a fixed angle stop 24 and with the the other edge on a manually movable stop bar 26 which is adjustable into the dashed position 26 ' is.

In the vertical transverse plane of the scanner 22 there is a light transmission line below the disk belt 16 28 arranged, which also extends over the entire useful width of the housing 10 and the top Directed light via a cylindrical lens 30 almost perpendicular to the underside of the shooting target belt 16 hits.

As soon as the scanner 22 receives light through a shot hole from the transmission line 28, the motor 18 is turned on Operating speed reduced, which is synchronized with the scanning speed of the scanner 22.

A scanner of normal, i.e. not particularly high resolution is capable of eight pixels per millimeter capture. The pixel distance is thus 0.12 mm. This is also the line width. During the Feeding the disc belt 16 by half a line width, the scanner 22 receives transmitted light from the Light transmission line 28 and thus generally detects two opposite edge points of the hole, which is a computer memory be fed. The light transmission line 28 is then during the feed around the next Half line width switched off. The scanner now only receives the reflected incident light from one in the scanner 22 built-in incident light line 32. This illumination generally makes two points from the scanner detected, which lie on the ring adjacent to the shooting hole of the shooting target 18. The two lines of lighting 28, 32 can be switched on and off alternately. The incident light 32 can also in Be continuous operation, since the electronics downstream of the scanner 22 distinguish the two light sources can.

The alternate reading of hole edge points and ring points now takes place in a period of about 0.5 s instead, which are fed to a computer which, from the multiplicity of hole edge points, forms a hole edge polygon calculated. Scanning half the circumference of a shot hole is generally sufficient for this. This actual polygon is compared with a regular reference polygon or reference circle, i.e. aligned with the polygon so that the sum of all. Deviation squares from the actual polygon minimal is. The center of the hole is then calculated from this reference polygon. In the same way, the number is recorded Ring points a ring arch piece or two ring arch pieces are calculated and from this the center point of the Ringes and thus the disc determined. Finally, the distance from the center of the hole to the center of the disc is calculated, which is proportional to the shot result, which is shown on a display, not shown, and is printed on an edge field 36 of the disc belt 16 by means of a printer 34. Depending on the used Computer, the computing time is 0.2 s to 0.8 s, so that the overall evaluation is of the order of magnitude of 1 second.

The computer determines that the reference polygon superimposed on the actual polygon of the edge points of the shot hole deviations are too large, e.g. indicates a very frayed shot hole, so the optical scanning of the shot hole only as a rough determination of its position and the shooting target 16 transported at high speed until the shot hole reaches a transverse plane 38, where a secondary Sampling is done. In this transverse plane 38 there is a carriage 40 on guides over the entire usable housing width slidably guided and connected to a drive belt 42 by a reversible Stepper motor 44 is driven. The carriage 40 carries a mechanical scanner 46, which in detail in FIG. 3 is illustrated. A lift 50 is vertical on the carriage 40 by means of guide pins 48 flexibly guided. It is in an upper position by compression springs 52 which surround the guide pins 48 pressed, which is determined by the position of an eccentric disk 54 of a geared motor 56. In the lift 50 is a centering mandrel 58 by means of a self-aligning ball bearing 60, i.e. in all directions pivoted to the side. The centering pin 58 is axially displaceable in the inner ring of the bearing 60 without play stored. A helical spring that surrounds the centering mandrel 58 supports it. At rest this secondary scanner 46, the lift 50 is in its upper position, in which the rear Cone surface of the mandrel tip is locked in the receptacle of the carriage 40.

After the optical scan of the shot hole has shown that a secondary scan is necessary is, the stepper motor 18 transports the disc belt 16 by the fixed distance between the optical System and the central transverse plane of the car 40. At the same time this is 44 in. By the stepper motor move the optically roughly determined transverse position of the shot hole. The two movements are with the roughly determined shot hole position. The shot hole is then in the detection area of the Centering mandrel 58. Now the gear motor 56 is actuated, which rotates the eccentric disc 54 by half a turn in the in FIG. 3 position shown brings. The lifting platform 50 then has its lower working position and the centering pin 58 penetrates into the shot hole. It is pivoted in the self-aligning ball bearing 60. The swivel angle and the swivel direction are optically recorded. For this is at the upper end of the centering mandrel 58, a light-emitting diode 62 is provided which illuminates a four-quadrant photodiode system 64 which is on a bracket of the lift 50 is arranged so that the levels of all four quadrants of the diode system 64 are the same when the centering pin 58 is in its neutral position. Because the centering mandrel 58 pivoted when placed on the edge of the hole, the level differences of the four quadrants of the Photodiode system 64 and these level differences are a measure of two orthogonal correction paths in the disc conveying direction and across it. The roughly determined hole position is refined around these correction paths.

The helical spring supporting the centering pin 58 ensures that the shot hole only through the Dead weight of the centering mandrel 58 is loaded so that the permissible loading of the shot hole is not exceeded becomes. When the centering mandrel is lowered, it begins at the moment it touches the edge of the shot hole an axial relative movement of the centering mandrel 58. Because of the closer proximity to the four-quadrant photodiode system 64 reduces its level. This reduction is a measure of the mechanical concentric hole loading.

The correction values can also be controlled by the secondary scanning device 46 in this way be that after the centering pin 58 has been placed, the disk 16 in the transport direction or counter the transport direction and the carriage 40 are adjusted transversely to the transport direction until all level differences of the four quadrant photodiode system 64 are zero. From the additional travel paths and the Rough position of the shot hole is then the exact shot hole position can be calculated.

The mechanical secondary scanner 46 also enables one-sided scanning of so-called Fork shots or double shots with defined hole edge loading. Through vectorial addition of the level differences, the hole edge load vector can be detected. Conversely, is from the optical Rough evaluation of the known angular position of the hole edge area to be probed the required angular position of the centering pin 58 adjustable.

In FIG. 1 also shows the lower part of an ultrasound barrier, which is an alternative to the mechanical one secondary scanning system 46 can be used. An ultrasound transmitter is then on the carriage 40 arranged with the radiation axis directed downward in the transverse plane 38. Below the disc belt 16 is a further carriage 66 is also slidably arranged on transverse guides, the one on the drive toothed belt 42 corresponding strap 68 is attached. The two belts 42, 68 are synchronized via deflection pinions. The carriage 66 carries an ultrasound receiver. The mode of operation corresponds to that with reference to the mechanical secondary scanner 46 described. The ultrasonic barrier is based on the optical System roughly determined transverse position of the shot hole by moving the two carriages 40, 66, after which the slice transport and the carriage transport are changed until the ultrasound reception reached its maximum. The correction paths of the two motors 18, 44 are then with the Rough position calculated in the computer.

Claims (13)

1. A method of evaluating hits on a target, in which the target or a target band (16) passes through an optical system (22), in which edge regions of the shot hole and image points of the target are detected and the distance of the centre of the shot hole from the centre of the target is computed and displayed as the result of the shot, characterized in that the shot hole is sensed by lines, the positions of the shot hole edge points for each line sensing are determined and stored, at least a part of a hole edge polygon is computed from the plurality of hole edge points and brought by minimising deviations into register with at least a part of a regular reference polygon or circle, whose centre point coordinates defining the shot hole centre are computed, and in that a ring on the target (16) adjoining the shot hole is sensed by lines and the coordinates of the centre point of the associated circular arc or two spaced circular arcs are computed from a plurality of closely adjacent ring points of this sensed target ring or reflective edge.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that a single optical system (22) is used to sense the shot hole and an adjacent part of an arc of a target ring and comprises a line scanner or a surface camera, which responds both to the transmitted light passing through the shot hole and the incident light reflected from the target (16).
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the coordinates of the centre of the hole and the distance of the centre of the hole from an adjacent target ring are determined by the line scanner (22) while the target (16) is moved continuously or in fine steps relative to the line scanner (22) through a path of the order of magnitude of at least a part of the shot hole diameter.
4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the optical system (22) receives signals from the hole edge and the target ring alternately.
5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that during the advance of the target by half a line width the hole edge signal is detected and during the following advance by next half line width the ring signal is detected.
6. A method according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the light beam passing through the shot hole is interrupted during the ring sensing.
7. A method according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an auxiliary sensing procedure operating mechanically or ultrasonically is switched in after the optical hole sensing on overstepping a predetermined magnitude of deviation of the hole edge polygon from the reference polygon, in which procedure a secondary mechanical or ultrasonic sensing system (46) moves a predetermined distance from the optical system (22) transverse to the target transport direction and the target (16) is transported so far that the shot hole comes into the range of detection of the secondary sensing system (46) and this is adjusted on to the shot hole, in that the target (16) executes a correcting movement relative to the sensing system (46) in the transport direction and the secondary sensing system (46) executes its own correcting movement at right angles thereto, and in that the transport path of the target (16) between the two sensing systems (22, 46) and the transverse path of movement of the secondary sensing system (46) is computed in with the two correcting movements for determining the centre of the hole.
8. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the mechanical secondary sensing system (46) comprises a prong which can be lowered into the shot hole, the prong being suspended universally and being self-centring in the shot hole, and the deflection of the prong from the neutral position in two orthogonal directions is detected as correcting movements.
9. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the ultrasonic sensing system comprises an ultrasonic beam device with a transmitter on one side of the target and a receiver on the other side, in that the ultrasonic beam device is adjusted in the transverse direction relative to the target transport and the target is adjusted in or opposite to the transport direction until the receiver receives the maximum sound power and in that the two orthogonal adjusting movements are computed in as correcting movements for determination of the centre of the hole.
10. A device for evaluating hits on targets (16), with a housing (10), in which is arranged a motorised transport device (12, 14) for the target of the target band (16), with an optical system (22) arranged transverse to the transport direction on one side of the transport path for the target (16) and comprising a light-emitting row (28, 32) and a light receiving row parallel thereto on the other side of the transport path, which is arranged in or symmetrically relative to a transverse plane crossing the target transport path at right angles, characterized in that the light receiving row is in the form of a high resolution scanner (22) equipped with an incident light illuminating unit (32) extending over the whole line length, or a surface image receptor, acting as a single light receiving member for the transmitted light passing through the shot hole and the reflected incident light from the target (16), and an electronic recognition unit which distinguishes the electrical signals of the scanner (22) or surface image receptor generated from transmitted light from the signals generated by the reflected incident light and the signals for determination of the hole edge and for determination of the circular arc are evaluated separately.
11. A device according to claim 10, characterized in that the light emitting row (28) is switched off or dimmed during reception from the target ring.
12. Apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that a secondary mechanical sensing system (46) is associated with the optical sensing system (scanner 22) and is mounted on a carriage (4) movable at right angles to the target transport and comprises a prong (58) adapted to be inserted in the shot hole and suspended universally from a rising platform (50) with axial play and with which a position sensor is associated, which detects the deflections in the transport direction and transverse thereto occurring on insertion of the prong (58) in the shot hole.
13. Apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that a secondary sonar beam unit is associated with the optical sensing system (scanner 22) and is mounted on a carriage (40, 66) movable at right angles to the target transport and comprises an ultrasonic transmitter an ultrasonic receiver aligned at right angles to the target transport path on opposite sides of the target transport path, in that the sonar beam unit can be moved into the position of the shot hole coarsely determined by the optical sensing system (scanner 22) and from thence the transport device for the target (16) and the carriage (40, 66) execute correcting movements until the ultrasonic receiver receives maximum sound power and these correcting movements are computed in with the corresponding optically detected orthogonal positions of the shot hole.

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