EP0489969B2 - Finisher - Google Patents

Abstract

In a road finisher (F), in particular a self-propelled road finisher with tractor (2) and built-in beam (B), which has an internal combustion engine (4) serving as primary drive (8) and a multiplicity of secondary drives (30-42) for the functions in and on the road finisher which can be controlled individually and are in drive connection with the primary drive (P), electric secondary drives (30-42) are used which are arranged at the respective functional components and are attached to at least one generator (19) coupled to the primary drive (P). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a paver in Preamble of claim 1 specified Art.

With self-propelled pavers, in decades of development an overall concept enforced, which is practically independent of the Size and standard of use worldwide has become. An internal combustion engine as the primary drive provides the drive energy for almost everyone trained hydrostatic drive units Secondary drives of the functional components ready. The hydrostatic drive principle requires Hydraulic pumps. Hydraulic motors, complex Gearboxes, pipelines, hoses, switching, control and pressure valves, filters, coolers and tanks for the hydraulic medium and complex control devices. Under the rough working conditions wear of the paver cannot be avoided, too intensive maintenance or repairs forces those with escaping hydraulic medium the environment becomes polluted. Even if there is not enough Maintenance, improper operation, at Damage or in the case of assembly operations that are necessary for the function, which is a disconnection and reconnection of Hydraulic lines or interventions in hydraulic circuits hydraulic fluid escapes. Environmentally friendly, but expensive hydraulic media can reduce these disadvantages: when operating them Pavers in water protection areas, on rivers, Lakes and dikes, the environmental hazard is nonetheless unacceptable. Another disadvantage of known concept is that the internal combustion engine as primary drive due to varying Performance decrease only in part with optimal performance is working. This results in more wasted Fuel, additional exhaust gases, noise pollution the environment and an unfavorable overall efficiency of energy use. Manufacturing technology is the high installation and maintenance effort for the hydrostatic drive systems and their accessories are labor and cost intensive. The some with large cross-sections and no kinks Hydraulic lines to be installed require expensive ones Construction measures on the paver and stress lots of space.

In a paver known from FR-A-21 35 526 are adjustment devices that can be operated with relatively little power for the distributor screw, for a distributor base part and mechanically for a vibrating screed part, hydraulically or electromechanically trained.

In a device known from EP-A-03 16 752 for the rehabilitation of road construction layers are metering drives, valves, control valves and the control electronics operated electrically. Powerful Secondary drives of the chassis. one Crusher, a mixer, the screed itself, the steering, and the like, become hydraulic driven, the hydraulic drive function derived from a main motor unit becomes.

The article "Devices for the distribution of road gravel" by Dr. Ing. P. Wolff, in the DE magazine "Straßen-, Asphalt- und Civil engineering "No. 4, February 15, 1995, pp. 104-22 to 104-24 and shows the universal crawler paver JIII of the Alfeld Ironworks with a diesel-electric drive. A diesel engine powered a coupled DC generator (220 V DC), the DC motors for the chassis, the conveyor belt and supplies the vibrating screed.

The invention is based on the object environmentally friendly overall concept for to create a paver that is improved Space utilization an optimized weight distribution and enables improved overall efficiency.

The object is achieved according to the invention with the features contained in claim 1 solved.

With this new overall concept, thanks the powerful but electric secondary drives, that of the coupled with the primary drive Generator are powered environmentally friendly paver with optimized weight distribution created. Maintenance and conversion work, Repairs and any damage on the electrical components and the power supply do not lead to any significant environmental pollution. The electrically driven secondary drives use less with their accessories Space as used for the same functions hydrostatic drive systems. Furthermore, the electrically driven secondary drives because of the simple line connections isolated and place them specifically for optimized weight distribution. This is advantageous if at least the drive units the drive can be operated electrically Are secondary drives. The installation effort for the power supply and control low. The relatively small cross-section electrical Leave supply lines and control lines bent and embarrassed without restriction. By Omitting hydraulic medium as an energy source, because of the good efficiency of the electrical Secondary drives and with fuel savings because of its optimal performance operable internal combustion engine as a whole an improved efficiency and a improved economy of the paver. AC motors stand out due to long service life and freedom from maintenance, since they contain no wearing parts. The three-phase generator works with low efficiency, is light and compact. With a purely electrical overall concept the weight of the paver becomes high of the hydraulic medium with its storage. Filter-, Cooling and high pressure resistant pipe equipment saved. Even when using some hydrostatic Drive systems for constant drives is the space requirement for the hydraulic medium is noticeable less.

The embodiment according to claim 2 is for Particularly suitable for any application Environmental pollution from hydraulic medium excluded and the noise pollution minimized should be.

However, the alternative embodiment is also expedient according to claim 3, in which only secondary drives designed as constant drives for low-power components hydrostatic Are drives, their hydraulic pumps with at least one connected to the generator Three-phase motor in drive connection. Such constant drives are subject to almost none Wear. The internal combustion engine can be on be operated at its optimum because the constant drives their electrical drive energy obtain from the generator and - if necessary should be - electrical and or hydraulic being controlled.

The alternative embodiment according to claim 4 has the main and special advantage powerful electrically powered Secondary drives that are hydraulically driven especially would be subject to wear and damage, while such secondary drives as constant drives in the conventional way as hydrostatic Units via a power take-off from the primary drive are driven, the underperforming and regarding maintenance, wear and tear Repairs are less critical. The internal combustion engine is operated at its optimum performance. In both embodiments according to the claims 3 and 4 are the constant drives with respect the environmental risk is not critical and also in terms of the weight distribution or the installation effort less significant than the electric driven, powerful secondary drives.

The embodiment according to claim 5 is expedient to the working speed of the internal combustion engine regardless of the working speed of the three-phase generator at optimum performance to keep and minimize the size of the generator to be able to.

The speed of the pumps of the hydrostatic Aggregates can be according to the embodiment Claim 6 regardless of the speed of the Select three-phase generator. The internal combustion engine is operated at optimum performance.

Regarding the space requirement and as small as possible Energy transmission loss is the embodiment of claim 7 advantageous.

High functional reliability under rough working conditions a paver is in the embodiment according to claim 8 even at high transmitted power output guaranteed.

With regard to optimal energy utilization and a long service life even with continuous operation the embodiment of claim 9 expedient. The type of cooling system or the one used Coolant is applied to the respective Operating conditions of the paver coordinated.

A favorable one in terms of environmental hazard Embodiment follows from claim 10 the important and powerful secondary drives are electrically powered.

In the embodiment according to claim 11 the heater is supplied by the generator. The performance the heating can be controlled sensitively.

A cheaper and more environmentally friendly Embodiment follows from claim 12 of secondary drives with lower power consumption hydraulic and not electrical from the generator are driven.

The embodiment according to claim 13 is advantageous because the control lines have a relatively small cross-section and even in tight spaces to practically every point in or on the paver, i.e. can also be laid in the screed.

The measure of claim 14 is advantageous because the three-phase motors and their frequency converters are positioned so that the Space in the paver well used and an optimized Weight distribution can be achieved.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines selbstfahrenden Straßenfertigers mit Einbaubohle.

Fig. 2

eine Perspektivansicht eines Teils des Straßenfertigers von Fig. 1.

Fig.3

ein Schaltbild eines vollelektrischen Straßenfertigers.

Fig. 4

ein Schaltbild einer alternativen Ausführungsform, nämlich eines teilelektrischen Straßenfertigers.

Fig. 5

ein Schaltbild einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines teilelektrischen Straßenfertigers.

Embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are explained with the aid of the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic side view of a self-propelled paver with screed.

Fig. 2

2 is a perspective view of part of the paver shown in FIG. 1.

Fig. 3

a circuit diagram of a fully electric paver.

Fig. 4

a circuit diagram of an alternative embodiment, namely a partially electric paver.

Fig. 5

a circuit diagram of another embodiment of a partially electric paver.

A paver F according to FIG. 1, in particular a self-propelled paver with a tractor Z and a towed screed B, has a substructure 1 with a chassis 2 (crawler track or wheel chassis). On the base 1, a driver's cab 3 is arranged in which an internal combustion engine 4 as primary drive P, e.g. a diesel engine. In the front of the Paver F is a bunker 5 with adjustable Bunker walls arranged, of which a material conveyor 6, e.g. two scraper conveyor belts or at least one screw conveyor, to one on rear end of the tractor Z arranged Guide material distribution device 7, e.g. to two Distribution screws.

Lateral booms 8 are articulated to the substructure 1, who carry the screed B, in the under among other things, in addition to compression units not highlighted Ramming devices 10, Press elements 11, vibration devices 13 and Width adjustment devices 9 are arranged. Everyone Boom 8 is with a rear lifting device 14 raised and for the purpose of leveling the Screed B using a front leveling device 15 adjustable. In travel drive 2 is on a drive unit 16 is provided on each side. The bunker walls are by means of adjustment devices 17 adjustable. At least one heater 18, that is regulated or unregulated is the one for it required place in the paver F. In the driver's cab 3 there are control devices 52 for the individual secondary drives are provided. Further there is a cooling system K, which is either a In-house or external cooling system.

From Fig. 2 it can be seen in detail that in Substructure 1 of the tractor Z the internal combustion engine 4 is installed transversely, with a three-phase generator 19 is flanged together. in the Three-phase generator 19 are for its control and operation of necessary electronic components intended. In the substructure are on suitable Set frequency converters 24, 25, 26, 27 for secondary drives 36, 37, 39, 40 provided the AC motors with associated gear 16a, 7a, e.g. for the travel drives 16 and the material distribution devices 7 are. Other secondary drives, those in the tractor Z and in the screed B are provided for clarity not shown for the sake of it.

As a rule, all existing ones can be used in paver F. Secondary drives electrically from the three-phase generator 19 are operated from. Fig. 2 illustrates - as I said - for example the arrangement important secondary drives. But it is also conceivable only selected secondary drives electrically to drive and for example as constant drives designed secondary drives as smaller hydrostatic To design drive units.

3 are all Secondary drives electrically driven. The internal combustion engine 4 drives via a mechanical Connection 28 the three-phase generator 19. This is with a three-phase bus 29 Secondary drives with M three-phase motors 30, 31, 32a, 32b, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40 connected, and also with a regulated or unregulated heater 42 of the heater 18.

Each three-phase motor M is a frequency converter W assigned. In a power control 41 for the heater 42 is a mains rectifier 54 or alternatively a star-delta switchover intended. The frequency converter W and also the converter U are connected via control lines 53 connected to the control units 52 in the driver's cab 3. About the control device 52 can Change the speed of each three-phase motor.

The three-phase motor 30 drives the adjusting device 17 for the bunker walls. The three-phase motor 31 drives the width adjustment device 9 Screed B. The three-phase motor 32a serves as Drive for the leveling devices 15. The three-phase motor 32b serves as a drive for the lifting devices 14. The three-phase motor 33 serves as Drive for the tamper devices 10 of the screed B. The three-phase motor 34 serves as a drive for the vibrating devices 13 of the screed B. The three-phase motors 35, 36 drive over the gear 16a the drive wheels 16 of the travel drive. The three-phase motors 37, 38 drive the Gear 6a for the material conveying devices 6. The three-phase motors 39 and 40 drive via gears 7a the material distribution devices 7. The Heater 42 receives the necessary for operation Electricity also from the rail 29. If the Paver still other secondary drives, not described contains for other functions this in the same way from the three-phase generator 19 supplied and controlled accordingly. Mechanical devices, e.g. Gearbox that the Rotary movement of the three-phase motors M in each convert the required functional movement, are not shown.

It would also be conceivable to have more than one primary drive to be used for several three-phase generators or one primary drive P from several To drive three-phase generators.

The embodiment of FIG. 4 differs differs from the embodiment of FIG. 3, that particularly important and powerful primary drives electrically via the three-phase generator 19 operated while simultaneously as Constantly trained devices 10, 17, 11 and 13 by means of smaller hydrostatic drive units are driven, their hydraulic pumps 46, 47, 48, 49 mechanically by one Three-phase motor 44 are driven, the over a line 43 is connected to the supply line 29 is. Be operated electrically via the three-phase motors M the travel drives 16, the material conveyors 6 and the Material distribution devices 7, as well as the heating devices 18 with their heating 42.

5 is between the three-phase generator 19 and the internal combustion engine 4, a transmission 50 is provided. A power take-off 51 branches off from the transmission 50, the hydraulic pumps 46-49 as constant drives designed hydrostratic drive units drives that correspond to those of Fig. 4. over the supply line 29 becomes that of FIG. 4 explained secondary drives electrically driven.

If the paver has other secondary drives should have for other work functions, Depending on the function, these can either be hydrostatic or electrically as in FIGS. 4 and 5 indicated, operated. Usually are the hydrostatic drive units small and for low performance trained. The cooling system K regardless of whether it is a proprietary or a third-party cooling system with which the Three-phase generator 19 provided electrical Energy operated to the three-phase motors to cool sufficiently.

The internal combustion engine 4 runs during operation its optimum performance, for example with 1800 U min. The 4-pole alternator generates a 3-phase voltage system with constant Frequency of 60 Hz. In every frequency converter the voltage is first rectified and in an inverter in a 3-phase system variable Frequency and voltage converted. Corresponding change this frequency and voltage yourself torque. Speed and power of the connected three-phase motor. In the embodiment 4 drives the three-phase motor 44 the hydraulic pumps 46-49 with constant Drenzahl. If necessary, this three-phase motor 44 also assigned a frequency converter. In the other case, the hydrostatic drive units controlled in a conventional manner. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the Hydraulic pumps 46-49 either at speed of the internal combustion engine 4 or with one over the Power take-off 51 selectable speed as required driven accordingly. Control of the hydrostatic Drive units then take place conventional type.

Claims (14)

1. A self-propelled road finisher (F) having a tractor (2) and a towed screed (B), the said road finisher comprising at least one internal combustion engine (4) serving as the primary drive (P), and a plurality of secondary drives (30 - 42) for working, conveying, propulsion and accessory devices, which are individually controllable and drivingly connected to the primary drive (P), at least one electrically operable secondary drive (35, 36) being provided at least for the propulsion units (16) for a running gear (2) and being connected electrically to at least one generator (19) coupled to the primary drive (8), characterised in that the generator (19) is a three-phase AC generator and in that the connected electrical secondary drives (30 - 42) each have at least one three-phase AC motor (M) with which frequency converters (W) or changers (U) are associated.
2. A road finisher according to claim 1, characterised in that all the secondary drives (30 - 42) are of electromechanical construction and are connected to the three-phase AC generator (19).
3. A road finisher according to claim 1, characterised in that secondary drives constructed as constant drives are hydrostatic drives with hydraulic pumps (46 - 49) which are drivable via at least one three-phase AC motor (44) connected to the generator (19).
4. A road finisher according to claim 1, characterised in that secondary drives constructed as constant drives are hydrostatic drives with hydraulic pumps (46 - 49) in mechanical working connection via an auxiliary output (51) with the primary drive (P) driving the generator (19).
5. A road finisher according to claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a mechanical transmission (50) is provided between the generator (19) and the internal combustion engine (4) forming the primary drive (P).
6. A road finisher according to claims 4 and 5, characterised in that the auxiliary output (51) is disposed in the transmission (50) between the generator (19) and the internal combustion engine (4).
7. A road finisher according to claim 1, characterised in that the three-phase AC generator (19) is flanged directly on the internal combustion engine (4) forming the primary drive (P).
8. A road finisher according to claim 1, characterised in that the frequency converters consist of reversible rectifiers with a DC intermediate circuit and a three-phase inverter.
9. A road finisher according to claim 1, characterised in that the three-phase AC motors (M) are provided with an external or their own cooling system (K).
10. A road finisher according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that electrical secondary drives (30 - 42) are provided for the following means:

    the at least one propulsion unit (16) for a running gear (2), at least one material conveyor means (6) (e.g. a drag conveyor or conveyor screw), at least one material distributor means (7) such as, for example, a distributor screw, at least one controlled or uncontrolled heating means (18), at least one vibrating means (10), at least one tamping means (13), at least one levelling means (14), at least one lifting means (15), at least one adjustment means (9) for the screed (B), at least one bunker wall moving means (17), at least one compression element (11), and the like.
11. A road finisher according to claim 1, characterised in that the finisher is equipped with an electrical heating means (18) for working devices and in that a mains rectifier (54) or a star-delta selector (55) is provided for the power control of the heating means (18).
12. A road finisher according to claims 3 and 4, characterised in that electrical secondary drives (35 - 42) are provided for the following means:

    the at least one propulsion unit (16) for a running gear (2), at least one material conveyor means (6) such as, for example, a drag conveyor or a conveyor screw, at least one material distributor means (7), such as, for example, a distributor screw, at least one controlled or uncontrolled heating means (18),

    and in that hydrostatic constant drives are provided for the following means:

    vibration and tamping means (10, 13), levelling, lifting and adjusting means (14, 15, 9) for the screed (B), bunker wall adjustment means (17), compression elements (11), such as, for example, compression strips and the like.
13. A road finisher according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that control means (52) for the electrical secondary drives (30 - 42) are provided in a driver's cab (3) of the road finisher (F) and in that control lines (53) lead from the control means (52) to the frequency converters (U) for the three-phase AC motors (M).
14. A road finisher according to claim 1, characterised in that the frequency converters (W) are structurally separate from the three-phase AC motors (M), being disposed in the substructure (1) of the road finisher (F).

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