EP0498014B2 - Method of supplying combustion air and firing installation - Google Patents
Method of supplying combustion air and firing installation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0498014B2 EP0498014B2 EP91101711A EP91101711A EP0498014B2 EP 0498014 B2 EP0498014 B2 EP 0498014B2 EP 91101711 A EP91101711 A EP 91101711A EP 91101711 A EP91101711 A EP 91101711A EP 0498014 B2 EP0498014 B2 EP 0498014B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- grate
- combustion air
- exhaust gas
- air
- primary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 30
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B7/00—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus
- F23B7/002—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus characterised by gas flow arrangements
- F23B7/007—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus characterised by gas flow arrangements with fluegas recirculation to combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
- F23B1/16—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support
- F23B1/18—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support using inclined grate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion
- F23L1/02—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion by discharging the air below the fire
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
- F23L9/02—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel by discharging the air above the fire
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for combustion air supply in grate furnaces, in which primary combustion air is introduced through the fuel and secondary combustion air directly into the exhaust gas stream, and in which a part of the exhaust gas is branched off from the exhaust gas stream and fed back to the combustion process, the exhaust gas immediately above the fuel in the area of a high unused primary air portion and sucked back to the combustion air.
- the invention also relates to a firing system for carrying out the method.
- This increased exhaust gas volume requires a larger design of the device downstream of the firing grate, e.g. Waste heat boilers and emission control devices.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method and a firing system for carrying out the method, with the aid of which the amount of exhaust gas flow and thus the disadvantageous consequences resulting from the air excess explained can be reduced.
- Another advantage of this mode of operation according to the invention is a reduction in pollutant emissions of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides.
- carbon monoxide this effect is based on the one hand on more intensive post-combustion of a gas stream that is relatively highly contaminated with this pollutant.
- nitrogen oxides the observed decrease in concentration can be explained by lowering the oxygen content in the exhaust gas.
- the amount of exhaust gas withdrawn can be mixed with the primary combustion air and the secondary combustion air. When incinerating household waste, it is beneficial. if the amount of gas withdrawn is used exclusively as secondary combustion air, since the proportion of combustion air that is fed into the rear grate area and then sucked in corresponds relatively exactly to the proportion of quantity that is required as secondary combustion air.
- the amount of exhaust gas drawn corresponds to the volume after that primary air which is supplied in the rear primary air zones which have a non-used primary air portion, the achievable benefit can be maximized.
- the volume of exhaust gas drawn off is less or greater in volume than the amount of primary air which is fed to the firing grate in the rear primary air zones which have a high unused primary air content.
- a firing system has a feed hopper 1 with a subsequent feed chute 2 for feeding the fired goods onto a feed table 3, on which loading pistons 4 are provided so as to be movable back and forth in order to bring the firing material coming out of the feed chute 2 onto one Give up grate 5, on which the combustion of the combustion material takes place, it is irrelevant whether it is an inclined or horizontal grate, regardless of which principle.
- a device for supplying primary combustion air, which can comprise a plurality of chambers 7 to 11, to which primary combustion air is supplied via a line 13 by means of a fan 12.
- the arrangement of the chambers 7 to 11 divides the firing grate into several underwind zones, so that the primary combustion air can be set differently according to the needs on the firing grate.
- the combustion chamber 14 which merges into an exhaust gas duct 15 in the front part, to the units, not shown, such as, for. B. connect a waste heat boiler and an exhaust gas cleaning system.
- the combustion chamber 14 is delimited by a ceiling 16, a rear wall 17 and side walls 18, the latter being particularly evident from FIG. 3.
- the combustion of the material to be labeled 19 takes place on the front part of the grate 5, above which the exhaust gas duct 15 is located. In this area, most of the primary combustion air is supplied through the chambers 7, 8 and 9. On the rear part of the combustion grate 5 there is only burned-out material d. H. Slag and in this area primary combustion air is supplied via the chambers 10 and 11 essentially only for cooling this slag and in particular for cooling the grate in order to maintain its operability.
- nozzles 21 and 22 are provided, which supply secondary combustion air to the rising exhaust gas in order to bring about an intensive post-combustion of the combustible components in the exhaust gas.
- exhaust gas is now extracted essentially in the rear part of the combustion chamber, which is delimited by the ceiling 16, the rear wall 17 and the side walls 18.
- a suction opening 23 is provided in the ceiling 16, so that exhaust gas can be extracted via a suction line 24 by means of a fan 25 which is connected to the suction side of the fan.
- a line 26 is connected to the pressure side of the fan, which presses the exhaust gas quantity extracted into line 13, via which the primary combustion air is supplied to the chambers 7 to 11.
- the suction opening 23 is provided in the rear wall 17.
- the line 26 connected to the pressure side of the fan 25 is connected, for example, to the nozzle 21, which is used to supply part of the secondary combustion air
- FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of two suction openings 23 in the side walls 18 of the combustion chamber 14, the connected suction lines 24 of which are connected to the suction side of the fan 12.
- the suction lines have pipe sockets 27 with butterfly valves 28, through which additional fresh air can be drawn in and mixed with the exhaust gas.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Verbrennungsluftzuführung bei Rostfeuerungen, bei dem Primärverbrennungsluft durch den Brennstoff hindurch und Sekundärverbrennungsluft direkt in den Abgasstrom eingeführt wird, und bei dem ferner ein Teil des Abgases aus dem Abgasstrom abgezweigt und dem Verbrennungsprozeß wieder zugeführt wird, wobei das Abgas unmittelbar oberhalb des Brennstoffes im Bereich eines hohen unverbrauchten Primärluftanteils abgesaugt und der Verbrennungsluft wieder zugeführt wird. Die Erfindung bezieht sich auch auf eine Feuerungsanlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for combustion air supply in grate furnaces, in which primary combustion air is introduced through the fuel and secondary combustion air directly into the exhaust gas stream, and in which a part of the exhaust gas is branched off from the exhaust gas stream and fed back to the combustion process, the exhaust gas immediately above the fuel in the area of a high unused primary air portion and sucked back to the combustion air. The invention also relates to a firing system for carrying out the method.
Bei einem bekannten Verfahren dieser Art (DE-B-1 019 788) wird das abgesaugte Abgas ausschließlich den Düsen für die Zuführung der Sekundärverbrennungsluft zugeführt, um eine intensive Nachverbrennung unter Erzeugung einer kräftigen Wirbel- und Umwälzbewegung des Gas-Luft-Gemisches zu erreichen, wobei infolge des Kreisens der Luft im Feuerraum die schweren, aus dem Kohlenbett hinaufgeblasenen Brennstoffe auf den Rost zurückgeführt werden. Diese große mischende Tiefenwirkung führt zu einer vollständigen Verbrennung mit sehr geringem Luftüberschuß und sehr hohen Temperaturen. Diese intensive Durchmischung wäre nur mit einer besonders großen Frischluftmenge möglich, wodurch der Luftüberschuß unnötig hoch gesteigert werden würde. Um einerseits einen übermäßigen Luftüberschuß zu vermeiden und andererseits eine besonders große Gasmenge für die Erzielung der intensiven Durchmischung und Verwirbelung zu erhalten, ist bei dem bekannten Verfahren auf diese Rauchgasrückführung zurückgegriffen worden. Eine Verminderung der Frischluftmenge, weder bei der Primärluft, noch bei der Sekundärluft, wird hier nicht vorgenommen. Vielmehr tritt eine Erhöhung der Gesamtabgasmenge ein.In a known method of this type (DE-B-1 019 788), the exhaust gas which is sucked off is fed exclusively to the nozzles for supplying the secondary combustion air in order to achieve intensive post-combustion, producing a vigorous swirling and circulating movement of the gas-air mixture, as a result of the air circulating in the combustion chamber, the heavy fuels blown up from the coal bed are returned to the grate. This great mixing depth effect leads to complete combustion with very little excess air and very high temperatures. This intensive mixing would only be possible with a particularly large amount of fresh air, which would unnecessarily increase the excess air. In order to avoid an excessive excess of air on the one hand and on the other hand to obtain a particularly large amount of gas for achieving the intensive mixing and swirling, this flue gas recirculation has been used in the known method. A reduction in the amount of fresh air, neither in the primary air nor in the secondary air, is not carried out here. Rather, the total amount of exhaust gas increases.
Dieses erhöhte Abgasvolumen erfordert eine größere Auslegung der dem Feuerungsrost nachgeschalteten Einrichtung, wie z.B. Abhitzekessel und Abgasreinigungseinrichtungen.This increased exhaust gas volume requires a larger design of the device downstream of the firing grate, e.g. Waste heat boilers and emission control devices.
Da bei dem bekannten, eingangs erläuterten Verfahren die Abgasrückführung zur Vermeidung eines erhöhten Frischluftanteiles durchgeführt wird, um eine intensive Durchwirbelung und bessere Verbrennung zu erreichen, ist der Frischluftanteil nach wie vor so hoch wie bei anderen bekannten Feuerungsanlagen, bei denen die Verbrennungsluft überstichometrisch mit einem Stichometrieverhältnis im Bereich von 1,4 bis 2,2 zugeführt wird. Jede überstichometrische Betriebsweise bedingt jedoch zwangsweise eine Verminderung des Wirkungsgrades eines dem Feuerungsrostsystem nachgeschalteten Abhitzekessels, da die überschüssige Verbrennungsluft gleichsam als Ballast mit aufgeheizt werden muß. Weiterhin bedingt ein überhöhter Luftanteil auch eine größere Menge an Schadstoffen, wie Kohlenmonoxid und Stickoxiden.Since the exhaust gas recirculation is carried out in the known method explained at the outset to avoid an increased proportion of fresh air in order to achieve intensive turbulence and better combustion, the proportion of fresh air is still as high as in other known combustion plants in which the combustion air is superstichometric with a stitch geometry ratio is supplied in the range of 1.4 to 2.2. Any superstichometric mode of operation, however, inevitably entails a reduction in the efficiency of a waste heat boiler connected downstream of the furnace grate system, since the excess combustion air must also be heated up as ballast. Furthermore, an excessive amount of air also causes a larger amount of pollutants, such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es ein Verfahren und eine Feuerungsanlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens anzugeben, mit deren Hilfe die Menge des Abgasstromes und damit die sich aus dem erläuterten Luftüberschuß ergebenden nachteiligen Folgen vermindert werden können.The object of the invention is to provide a method and a firing system for carrying out the method, with the aid of which the amount of exhaust gas flow and thus the disadvantageous consequences resulting from the air excess explained can be reduced.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Maßnahmen gelöst Hierdurch wird der gesamte Abgasstrom um denjenigen Anteil vermindert, der im hinteren Feuerraumbereich abgesaugt und der Verbrennungsluft wieder zugeführt wird, die entsprechend diesem Anteil vermindert wird. Dieses Abgas kann deshalb als Ersatz eines Anteils der frischen Verbrennungsluft dienen, weil wegen Ausbleibens einer chemischen Reaktion im hinteren Teil des Feuerungsrostes das Abgas in seiner Zusammensetzung nahezu der frischen Verbrennungsluft entsprichtThis object is achieved by the measures specified in claim 1. As a result, the total exhaust gas flow is reduced by the proportion which is extracted in the rear combustion chamber area and is fed back to the combustion air, which is reduced in accordance with this proportion. This exhaust gas can therefore serve as a replacement for a portion of the fresh combustion air because, due to the absence of a chemical reaction in the rear part of the grate, the composition of the exhaust gas almost corresponds to the fresh combustion air
Aufgrund der Verminderung des gesamten Abgasvolumens können die dem Feuerraum nachgeschalteten Aggregate kleiner ausfallen, wodurch sich eine erhebliche Einssparung der Anlagekosten erzielen läßt. Ein weiterer Vorteil dieser erfindungsgemäßen Betriebsweise besteht in einer Verminderung des Schadstoffausstoßes an Kohlenmonoxid und Stickoxiden. Dieser Effekt beruht beruht einerseits im Falle des Kohlenmonoxids auf einer intensiveren Nachverbrennung eines mit diesem Schadstoff relativ hoch belasteten Gasstromes. Im Falle der Stickoxide läßt sich die beobachtete Konzentrationsminderung durch Absenken des Sauerstoffgehaltes im Abgas erklären.Due to the reduction in the total exhaust gas volume, the units connected downstream of the combustion chamber can be smaller, which means that the system costs can be saved considerably. Another advantage of this mode of operation according to the invention is a reduction in pollutant emissions of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. In the case of carbon monoxide, this effect is based on the one hand on more intensive post-combustion of a gas stream that is relatively highly contaminated with this pollutant. In the case of nitrogen oxides, the observed decrease in concentration can be explained by lowering the oxygen content in the exhaust gas.
Die abgezogene Abgasmenge kann dabei der Primärverbrennungsluft und der Sekundärverbrennungsluft beigemischt werden. Bei der Verbrennung von Hausmüll ist es vorteilhaft. wenn die abgezogene Gasmenge ausschließlich als Sekundärverbrennungsluft verwendet wird, da in der Regel der Anteil der Verbrennungsluft, der im hinteren Rostbereicn zugeführt und dann angesaugt wird, relativ genau demjenigen Mengenanteil entspricht, der als Sekundärverbrennungsluft benötigt wird.The amount of exhaust gas withdrawn can be mixed with the primary combustion air and the secondary combustion air. When incinerating household waste, it is beneficial. if the amount of gas withdrawn is used exclusively as secondary combustion air, since the proportion of combustion air that is fed into the rear grate area and then sucked in corresponds relatively exactly to the proportion of quantity that is required as secondary combustion air.
Wenn in vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens die angezogene Abgasmenge dem Volumen nach derjenigen Primärluft entspricht, die in den hinteren Primärluftzonen zugeführt wird, die einen nonen unverbrauchten Primärluftanteil aufweisen, so läßt sich der erzielbare Nutzen maximieren.If, in an advantageous embodiment of the method, the amount of exhaust gas drawn corresponds to the volume after that primary air which is supplied in the rear primary air zones which have a non-used primary air portion, the achievable benefit can be maximized.
Es kann aber auch vorteilhaft sein, daß die abgezogene Abgasmenge dem Volumen nach geringer oder größer ist als die Primärluftmenge, die in den hinteren Primärluftzonen, die einen hohen unverbrauchten Primärluftanteil aufweisen, dem Feuerungsrost zugeführt wird.However, it can also be advantageous that the volume of exhaust gas drawn off is less or greater in volume than the amount of primary air which is fed to the firing grate in the rear primary air zones which have a high unused primary air content.
Feuerungsanlagen zur Durchführung des Verfahrens ergeben sich aus den Anspruchen 8 und 9.Firing systems for carrying out the method result from claims 8 and 9.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand mehrerer in der Zeichnung dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:
- Fig. 1:
- einen Längsschnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Feuerungsanlage in schematischer Darstellung;
- Fig. 2:
- eine der Fig. 1 entsprechende Darstellung eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispieles; und
- Fig. 3:
- einen Querschnitt durch eine Feuerungsanlage entsprechend einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel.
- Fig. 1:
- a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of a furnace in a schematic representation;
- Fig. 2:
- a representation corresponding to Figure 1 of a second embodiment. and
- Fig. 3:
- a cross section through a furnace according to another embodiment.
Wie aus Fig. 1 und 2 ersichtlich, weist eine Feuerungsanlage einen Aufgabetrichter 1 mit anschließender Aufgabeschurre 2 für die Aufgabe des Brenngutes auf einen Aufgabetisch 3 auf, auf dem Beschickkolben 4 hin und her bewegbarvorgesehen sind, um das aus der Aufgabeschurre 2 kommende Brenngut auf einen Feuerungsrost 5 aufzugeben, auf dem die Verbrennung des Brenngutes stattfindet, wobei es unerheblich ist, ob es sich dabei um einen geneigten oder horizontal liegenden Rost egal welchen Prinzips handelt.As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, a firing system has a feed hopper 1 with a
Unterhalb des Feuerungsrostes 5 ist eine insgesamt mit 6 bezeichnete Einrichtung zur Zuführung von Primärverbrennungsluft angeordnet, die mehrere Kammern 7 bis 11 umfassen kann, denen mittels eines Ventilatiors 12 über eine Leitung 13 Primärverbrennungsluft zugeführt wird. Durch die Anordnung der Kammern 7 bis 11 ist der Feuerungsrost in mehrere Unterwindzonen unterteilt, so daß die Primärverbrennungsluft entsprechend den Bedürfnissen auf dem Feuerungsrost unterschiedlich eingestellt werden kann.Arranged below the
Über dem Feuerungsrost 5 befindet sich der Verbrennungsraum 14, der im vorderen Teil in einen Abgaszug 15 übergeht, an den sich nicht dargestellte Aggregate, wie z. B. ein Abhitzekessel und eine Abgasreinigungsanlage anschließen. Im hinteren Bereich ist der Feuerraum 14 durch eine Decke 16, eine Rückwand 17 und Seitenwände 18 begrenzt, wobei letztere insbesondere aus Fig. 3 ersichtlich sind.Above the
Die Verbrennung des mit 19 bezeichneten Brenngutes erfolgt auf dem vorderen Teil des Feuerungsrostes 5, über dem sich der Abgaszug 15 befindet. In diesem Bereich wird durch die Kammern 7, 8 und 9 die meiste Primärverbrennungsluft zugeführt. Auf dem hinteren Teil des Verbrennungsrostes 5 befindet sich nur ausgebranntes Brenngut d. h. Schlacke und in diesem Bereich wird Primärverbrennungsluft über die Kammern 10 und 11 im wesentlichen nur zur Kühlung dieser Schlacke und insbesondere zur Kühlung des Feuerungsrostes zugeführt, um dessen Betriebsfähigkeit aufrecht zu erhalten.The combustion of the material to be labeled 19 takes place on the front part of the
Die ausgebrannten Teile fallen dann in einen Schlackenaustrag 20 am Ende des Verbrennungsrostes 5. Im unteren Bereich des Abgaszuges 15 sind Düsen 21 und 22 vorgesehen, die Sekundärverbren nungsluft dem aufsteigenden Abgas zuführen, um eine intensive Nachverbrennung der im Abgas befindlichen brennbaren Anteile zu bewirken.The burned-out parts then fall into a
In den dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen wird nun im wesentlichen im hinteren Teil des Verbrennungsraumes, der von der Decke 16, der Rückwand 17 und den Seitenwänden 18 begrenzt ist, Abgas abgesaugt Hierfür ist bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 eine Absaugöffnung 23 in der Decke 16 vorgesehen, so daß Abgas über eine Absaugleitung 24 mittels eines Ventilators 25 abgesaugt werden kann, die mit der Saugseite des Ventilators verbunden ist. Mit der Druckseite des Ventilators ist eine Leitung 26 verbunden, die die abgesaugte Abgasmenge in die Leitung 13 hineindrückt, über die Primärverbrennungsluft den Kammern 7 bis 11 zugeführt wird.In the illustrated exemplary embodiments, exhaust gas is now extracted essentially in the rear part of the combustion chamber, which is delimited by the
Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 ist die Absaugöffnung 23 in der Rückwand 17 vorgesehen. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist die mit der Druckseite des Ventilators 25 verbundene Leitung 26 beispielsweise mit der Düse 21 verbunden, die der Zuführung eines Teiles der Sekundärverbrennungsluft dient2, the suction opening 23 is provided in the
Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 3 zeigt die Anordnung von zwei Absaugöffnungen 23 in den Seitenwänden 18 des Feuerraumes 14, deren angeschlossene Absaugleitungen 24 mit der Saugseite des Ventilators 12 verbunden sind. Die Absaugleitungen weisen Rohrstutzen 27 mit Absperrklappen 28 auf, über die zusätzliche Frischluft angesaugt und dem Abgas beigemischt werden kann.The exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of two
Claims (11)
- Method of supplying combustion air in grate firing, in which primary combustion air is passed through the fuel and secondary combustion air is introduced directly into the exhaust gas flow, and in which, furthermore, some of the exhaust gas is tapped off from the exhaust gas flow and returned to the combustion process, the exhaust gas being tapped off immediately above the fuel in the region of a large unused primary air portion and being returned to the combustion air, characterised in that the combustion air is reduced in accordance with the quantity of exhaust gas to be mixed with it, so that the entire exhaust gas flow is reduced by that portion tapped off in the rear combustion chamber region and returned to the combustion air.
- Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the quantity of exhaust gas tapped off is mixed with the primary combustion air.
- Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the quantity of exhaust gas tapped off is mixed with the secondary combustion air.
- Method according to claim 1 in the combustion of household waste, characterised in that the quantity of exhaust gas tapped off is used exclusively as secondary combustion air.
- Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that, with respect to volume, the quantity of exhaust gas tapped off corresponds to that quantity of primary combustion air supplied to the grate in the rear primary air zones having a large unused primary air portion.
- Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that, with respect to volume, the quantity of exhaust gas tapped off is smaller than the quantity of primary combustion air supplied to the grate in the rear primary air zones having a large unused primary air portion.
- Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that, with respect to volume, the quantity of exhaust gas tapped off is greater than the quantity of primary air supplied to the grate in the rear primary air zones having a large unused primary air portion.
- Firing installation for carrying out the method according to claim 1 or claim 2, comprising a grate (5), a device (7-11) below the grate (5) for supplying primary combustion air through the grate (5), and nozzles (21, 22) opening into the combustion chamber (14) above the grate (5) for supplying secondary combustion air, at least one exhaust line (23, 24) for exhaust gas being provided in the combustion chamber (14) above the grate (5), characterised in that the exhaust line (24) is connected to the suction end of a ventilator (25), the pressure end of which is connected via a line (26) to the line (13) for primary combustion air.
- Firing installation for carrying out the method according to claims 1 and 3 or claim 4, comprising a grate (5), a device (7-11) below the grate (5) for supplying primary combustion air through the grate (5), and nozzles (21, 22) opening into the combustion chamber (14) above the grate (5) for supplying secondary combustion air, at least one exhaust line (23, 24) for exhaust gas being provided in the combustion chamber (14) above the grate (5), characterised in that the suction end of a ventilator (25) is connected exclusively to the exhaust line (24), the pressure end of which is connected via a line (26) to the nozzles (21, 22) opening into the combustion chamber (14) above the grate (5) for supplying secondary combustion air.
- Firing installation according to claim 8 or claim 9, characterised in that the inlet opening (23) of the exhaust line (24) is provided above the grate (5) in at least one side wall (18) of the combustion chamber (14).
- Firing installation according to claim 8 or claim 9, characterised in that the inlet opening (23) of the exhaust line (24) is provided above the grate (5) in the rear wall (17) of the combustion chamber (14).
Priority Applications (11)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91101711A EP0498014B2 (en) | 1991-02-07 | 1991-02-07 | Method of supplying combustion air and firing installation |
| DE59101576T DE59101576D1 (en) | 1991-02-07 | 1991-02-07 | Combustion air supply method and furnace. |
| AT9191101711T ATE105396T1 (en) | 1991-02-07 | 1991-02-07 | PROCESS FOR COMBUSTION AIR SUPPLY AND COMBUSTION PLANT. |
| DK91101711.9T DK0498014T3 (en) | 1991-02-07 | 1991-02-07 | Combustion air supply method and combustion plant |
| ES91101711T ES2055466T5 (en) | 1991-02-07 | 1991-02-07 | PROCEDURE FOR COMBUSTION AIR SUPPLY AND HOME INSTALLATION. |
| US07/829,963 US5241916A (en) | 1991-02-07 | 1992-02-03 | Procedure for supplying combustion air and a furnace therefor |
| BR929200411A BR9200411A (en) | 1991-02-07 | 1992-02-06 | PROCESS FOR COMBUSTING AND FURNISHING AIR FEED |
| CA002060776A CA2060776C (en) | 1991-02-07 | 1992-02-06 | Procedure for supplying combustion air and a furnace |
| JP4022421A JP2575256B2 (en) | 1991-02-07 | 1992-02-07 | Combustion air introduction method and combustion apparatus |
| TW081105748A TW201814B (en) | 1991-02-07 | 1992-07-21 | |
| JP7192774A JP2650879B2 (en) | 1991-02-07 | 1995-07-28 | Combustion air introduction method and combustion apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91101711A EP0498014B2 (en) | 1991-02-07 | 1991-02-07 | Method of supplying combustion air and firing installation |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0498014A1 EP0498014A1 (en) | 1992-08-12 |
| EP0498014B1 EP0498014B1 (en) | 1994-05-04 |
| EP0498014B2 true EP0498014B2 (en) | 1996-10-30 |
Family
ID=8206382
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91101711A Expired - Lifetime EP0498014B2 (en) | 1991-02-07 | 1991-02-07 | Method of supplying combustion air and firing installation |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5241916A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0498014B2 (en) |
| JP (2) | JP2575256B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE105396T1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9200411A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2060776C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59101576D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0498014T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2055466T5 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW201814B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005009957A1 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-07 | Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik | Process for burning fuels, in particular waste |
| EP1901003A1 (en) | 2006-09-13 | 2008-03-19 | MARTIN GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik | Method for feeding combustion gas |
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| DK173557B1 (en) | 1998-07-10 | 2001-03-12 | Fls Miljoe As | Method of firing in a boiler and boiler for carrying out the process |
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Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB354872A (en) * | 1930-05-22 | 1931-08-20 | Babcock Und Wilcox Dampfkessel | Improvements in step grate furnaces |
| GB352231A (en) * | 1930-06-27 | 1931-07-09 | Stockholms Aktiebolaget Privat | Improvements in and relating to steam boiler and other furnaces |
| DE1019788B (en) * | 1939-05-27 | 1957-11-21 | Richard Kablitz Dipl Ing | Second air supply with flue gas return blower for over-thrust firing |
| US3473331A (en) * | 1968-04-04 | 1969-10-21 | Combustion Eng | Incinerator-gas turbine cycle |
| CH583881A5 (en) * | 1975-07-04 | 1977-01-14 | Von Roll Ag | |
| DE3915992A1 (en) * | 1988-05-19 | 1989-11-23 | Theodor Koch | Process for the reduction of nitrogen oxides |
| DE3913886A1 (en) * | 1989-04-27 | 1990-10-31 | Omnical Gmbh | Control of nitrous oxide in boiler flue gases - by control of flow rate of recirculated flue gases to minimise formation of nitrous oxide before discharge into atmosphere |
| US5020456A (en) * | 1990-02-28 | 1991-06-04 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Process and apparatus for emissions reduction from waste incineration |
-
1991
- 1991-02-07 EP EP91101711A patent/EP0498014B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-07 AT AT9191101711T patent/ATE105396T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-02-07 DE DE59101576T patent/DE59101576D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-07 ES ES91101711T patent/ES2055466T5/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-07 DK DK91101711.9T patent/DK0498014T3/en active
-
1992
- 1992-02-03 US US07/829,963 patent/US5241916A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-02-06 BR BR929200411A patent/BR9200411A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-02-06 CA CA002060776A patent/CA2060776C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-02-07 JP JP4022421A patent/JP2575256B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-07-21 TW TW081105748A patent/TW201814B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-07-28 JP JP7192774A patent/JP2650879B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005009957A1 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-07 | Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik | Process for burning fuels, in particular waste |
| DE102005009957B4 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2007-02-01 | Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik | Process for burning fuels, in particular waste |
| EP1901003A1 (en) | 2006-09-13 | 2008-03-19 | MARTIN GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik | Method for feeding combustion gas |
| US7975628B2 (en) | 2006-09-13 | 2011-07-12 | Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik | Method for supplying combustion gas in incineration systems |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08233233A (en) | 1996-09-10 |
| US5241916A (en) | 1993-09-07 |
| DE59101576D1 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
| BR9200411A (en) | 1992-10-13 |
| ES2055466T3 (en) | 1994-08-16 |
| EP0498014B1 (en) | 1994-05-04 |
| EP0498014A1 (en) | 1992-08-12 |
| JPH0560313A (en) | 1993-03-09 |
| JP2575256B2 (en) | 1997-01-22 |
| TW201814B (en) | 1993-03-11 |
| DK0498014T3 (en) | 1994-09-12 |
| ES2055466T5 (en) | 1997-02-01 |
| ATE105396T1 (en) | 1994-05-15 |
| CA2060776C (en) | 1995-10-03 |
| CA2060776A1 (en) | 1992-08-08 |
| JP2650879B2 (en) | 1997-09-10 |
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