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EP0581760B2 - Generateur de vapeur en continu avec cheminee a gaz constituee de conduits assembles pratiquement verticalement - Google Patents
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EP0581760B2 - Generateur de vapeur en continu avec cheminee a gaz constituee de conduits assembles pratiquement verticalement - Google Patents

Generateur de vapeur en continu avec cheminee a gaz constituee de conduits assembles pratiquement verticalement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0581760B2
EP0581760B2 EP91907522A EP91907522A EP0581760B2 EP 0581760 B2 EP0581760 B2 EP 0581760B2 EP 91907522 A EP91907522 A EP 91907522A EP 91907522 A EP91907522 A EP 91907522A EP 0581760 B2 EP0581760 B2 EP 0581760B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
steam generator
tube diameter
quotient
internal tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91907522A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0581760A1 (fr
EP0581760B1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Kastner
Wolfgang Köhler
Eberhard Wittchow
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6863278&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0581760(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0581760A1 publication Critical patent/EP0581760A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0581760B1 publication Critical patent/EP0581760B1/fr
Publication of EP0581760B2 publication Critical patent/EP0581760B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/101—Tubes having fins or ribs
    • F22B37/103—Internally ribbed tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a once-through steam generator whose minimum load in continuous operation is equal to or less than 50% of the full load, with a vertical throttle cable from essentially vertical arranged and welded together gastight tubes that together form combustion chamber walls and carry burners for fossil fuels which have an inner tube diameter d and on the inside have a multi-thread forming ribs with a pitch h and a rib height H. and which are connected in parallel for the flow of a coolant.
  • the mass flow density of the coolant in the tube is a determining variable for the fluidic design of the parallel tube system, which acts as an evaporator heating surface.
  • Typical mass flow densities for helical tubing of the combustion chamber with smooth tubes on the inside are between 2000 and 3000 kg / m 2 s, for vertical tubing with internally finned tubes between 1500 and 2000 kg / m 2 s .
  • the proportion of the friction pressure drop in the total pressure drop of the once-through evaporator is very high. Evaporators of this type therefore have a typical characteristic, according to which - starting from the design state - the mass flow rate in the individual tube decreases when it is heated more strongly and increases when it is weaker heated.
  • the invention has for its object to produce and to pass steam generators inexpensively operate, the temperature differences at the evaporator outlet in an economical manner to allowable Reduce values and also the application limit for continuous steam generators with vertical Extend the combustion chamber walls to unit outputs well below 500 MW.
  • the slope is h in m of the ribs forming a multi-start thread on the inside of the tubes at most equal 0.9 times the root of the pipe inside diameter d in m and the fin height H is at least 0.04 times the pipe inside diameter d.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the one assigned to a quotient K Pipe inside diameter d by at most 30% of the one belonging to this quotient K on curve A. Inner pipe diameter d deviates.
  • Curves A and B are determined so that the once-through steam generator still with a minimum load of 50% of the full load or less can be operated in safe continuous operation without the invention Benefits are lost.
  • the inventive design of the once-through steam generator is very advantageous because of it the mass flow density in the tubes through which flow has been reduced so far and the tube inner diameter d so are determined that the share of the geodetic pressure drop in the total pressure drop is a change in Characteristics of continuous flow evaporators, according to the - based on the design state - the Mass throughput in the single pipe is increased with its stronger heating and with its weaker heating goes back. This new characteristic leads to a significant equalization of the steam and thus the tube wall temperatures at the outlet of the combustion chamber walls forming the evaporator heating surface.
  • the lowering of the mass flow density in the evaporator tubes has another advantage, because at unchanged total mass flow through the parallel pipe system of the evaporator and while maintaining same tube inner diameter d the number of tubes of the combustion chamber walls connected in parallel in terms of flow of the throttle cable compared to previous designs increased. This makes it possible Increase the ratio of the combustion chamber circumference to the total mass throughput and the application limit for continuous steam generators with vertically tube-shaped combustion chamber walls in a performance range up to far expand below 500 MW.
  • a once-through steam generator with a vertical throttle cable 1 is surrounded by combustion chamber walls 2
  • Combustion chamber walls 2 consist of tubes 3 arranged vertically and side by side, which are gas-tight with one another are welded ( Figure 1).
  • the tubes 3 have ribs 4 on their inside, which have a kind of multi-start thread form a slope h and have a rib height H.
  • the inner tube diameter d of the tubes 3 is defined through the calculated diameter of the circle, which has the same area as that through the ribs 4 restricted free cross-section of the pipes 3.
  • the combustion chamber walls 2 of the vertical gas flue 1 carry burners for fossil fuels, not shown, which burn inside the throttle cable 1 and thereby generate heat.
  • the heat is from a coolant added, which flows through the tubes 3 forming the combustion chamber walls 2 and evaporates in the process Normally, appropriately treated water is used as the coolant.
  • the ribs 4 protrude at least by 0.04 times the inner pipe diameter d into the pipe 3 by the water content of the flowing Lead coolant on the inside of the tube, because the twist squeezes especially in the area in where the water evaporates, the water still present as a liquid on the inside of a pipe 3, so that the tube 3 passes the heat it absorbs well to the liquid and thereby is safely cooled.
  • the inner pipe diameter d is according to the Invention not chosen independently of the quotient K.
  • the quotient K is summed by dividing the sum Mass flow rate (kg / s) of all pipes 3 at 100% steam output determined by the circumference (m) of the throttle cable 1.
  • the circumference of the throttle cable 1 is measured along a line 5 shown in broken lines in FIG connects the pipe centers of the individual neighboring pipes 3 with each other.
  • Each point in the field between this curve A and a straight line B represents a pair of values at which the proportions of frictional pressure drop and geodetic pressure drop in such a favorable relationship to each other stand - in general then the geodetic pressure drop is greater than the friction pressure drop - that the mass flow rate through this tube increases when heating a single tube.
  • a pipe inside diameter assigned to a quotient K should be used d at most 10% smaller or 30% larger than the quotient K on curve A assigned pipe inside diameter d.
  • This flow rate is at 100% steam output for the pipes up to a pipe inside diameter d of 25 mm at a maximum of about 800 and 850 kg / m 2 s (curve A). With inner pipe diameters d greater than 25 mm, the mass flow density increases somewhat and is then at a maximum of 850 and about 950 kg / m 2 s (curve A).
  • the total pressure drop in the tubes 3, i.e. the difference between the pressure in the bottom Inlet collector and the pressure in the outlet collector at the top is made up of the proportions Frictional pressure drop, geodetic pressure drop and acceleration pressure drop.
  • the share of the acceleration pressure drop is 1 to 2% of the total pressure drop and can therefore be neglected here.
  • the drop in frictional pressure of an individual tube 3 increases in the case of an existing tube compared to other tubes More heating due to the increased volume of the water-steam mixture. Because everyone pipes connected in parallel of an evaporator heating surface of a once-through steam generator through their coupling the same pressure drop is given to a common inlet and outlet manifold is to compensate for this pressure drop in a more heated pipe, the throughput go back. This decrease in throughput leads to the increased heating of the pipe consequently too high steam outlet temperatures at the pipe end compared to average or weaker heated pipes.
  • the geodetic pressure drop of a single pipe 3 decreases when this pipe is heated more compared to other pipes due to increased steam formation, because the water-steam column becomes lighter.
  • the Throughput through the multi-heated pipe therefore increases due to this effect until the sum of increased Frictional pressure drop and decreased geodetic pressure drop due to the coupling via inlet and Outlet collector reaches predetermined pressure drop. This increase in throughput is desirable to keep the steam outlet temperature at the end of the pipe low despite the additional heating.
  • the reason for the change is the comparatively large influence of the geodetically caused pressure drop the characteristic of the once-through steam generator towards a behavior in which larger temperature differences at the tube end of the evaporator are avoided because a stronger heating of an individual Pipe is largely compensated for by a higher throughput of the coolant.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Air Humidification (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Générateur de vapeur en continu, dont la charge minimale en fonctionnement continu est égale ou inférieure à 50% de la pleine charge et qui comporte une cheminée verticale d'évacuation des gaz, qui est formée par des tubes soudés entre eux d'une manière étanche aux gaz et dans laquelle se trouvent des brûleurs servant à brûler un combustible fossile, les tubes de la cheminée d'évacuation des gaz étant sensiblement verticaux, ayant un diamètre intérieur d, portant, sur leur face intérieure, des nervures formant un filetage à filets multiples et étant montés en parallèle pour le passage d'un fluide de refroidissement,
    caractérisé par le fait
    que le diamètre intérieur d des tubes est une fonction d'un quotient K,
    que des points déterminés par des couples de valeurs du diamètre intérieur d des tubes et du quotient K sont situés, dans un système de coordonnées, entre une courbe A et une droite B,
    la somme des débits massiques de tous les tubes pour un débit de vapeur de 100 % étant, pour la formation du quotient K, divisée par la circonférence de la cheminée d'évacuation des gaz en coupe horizontale, mesurée sur les lignes reliant les centres des tubes voisins, et
    des points correspondant aux couples de valeurs
    d1 = 12,5 mm pour K1 = 3 kg/s m,
    d2 = 20,4 mm pour K2 = 7 kg/s m,
    d3 = 30,6 mm pour K3 = 13 kg/s m
    et
    d4 = 39,0 mm pour K4 = 19 kg/s m,
    étant situés sur la courbe A, qui est continûment croissante, et
    les points correspondant aux couples de valeurs
    d5 = 14,3 mm pour K5 = 1,8 kg/s m
    d6 = 38,4 mm pour K6 = 7,6 kg/s m
    étant situés sur la droite B.
  2. Générateur de vapeur en continu suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait qu'un pas h (indiqué en "mètres") des nervures dans les tubes est égal au maximum à 0,9 fois la racine du diamètre intérieur d des tubes (indiqué en "mètres") et qu'une hauteur H des nervures constituant le filetage est égale au moins à 0,04 fois le diamètre intérieur d du tube.
  3. Générateur de vapeur en continu suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que le diamètre intérieur d, associé au quotient K, est inférieur au maximum de 10 % et supérieur au maximum de 30 % au diamètre intérieur d des tubes, qui est associé à ce quotient K sur la courbe A.
  4. Générateur de vapeur en continu suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que le combustible fossile est du charbon ou un autre combustible solide.
  5. Générateur de vapeur en continu suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que la puissance électrique du bloc de la centrale électrique, dont fait partie le générateur de vapeur en continu, est nettement inférieure à 500 MW.
  6. Générateur de vapeur en continu suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait qu'une densité de débit massique dans les tubes (3) pour un diamètre intérieur d des tubes atteignant jusqu'à 25 mm est située au maximum dans la gamme comprise entre environ 800 et 850 kg/m2s, et, pour un diamètre intérieur des tubes dépassant 25 mm, est située au maximum dans la gamme comprise entre 850 et environ 950 kg/m2s.
EP91907522A 1991-04-18 1991-04-18 Generateur de vapeur en continu avec cheminee a gaz constituee de conduits assembles pratiquement verticalement Expired - Lifetime EP0581760B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE1991/000319 WO1992018807A1 (fr) 1991-04-18 1991-04-18 Generateur de vapeur en continu avec cheminee a gaz constituee de conduits assembles pratiquement verticalement

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0581760A1 EP0581760A1 (fr) 1994-02-09
EP0581760B1 EP0581760B1 (fr) 1995-01-18
EP0581760B2 true EP0581760B2 (fr) 2001-10-31

Family

ID=6863278

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91907522A Expired - Lifetime EP0581760B2 (fr) 1991-04-18 1991-04-18 Generateur de vapeur en continu avec cheminee a gaz constituee de conduits assembles pratiquement verticalement

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US5662070A (fr)
EP (1) EP0581760B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP3091220B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE117420T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59104348D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0581760T4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2067227T5 (fr)
GR (1) GR3015181T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2075690C1 (fr)
UA (1) UA27775C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992018807A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7021106B2 (en) 2004-04-15 2006-04-04 Mitsui Babcock (Us) Llc Apparatus and method for forming internally ribbed or rifled tubes
DE102011004266A1 (de) * 2011-02-17 2012-08-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Sonnenkollektor mit innenberippten Rohren

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6302194B1 (en) * 1991-03-13 2001-10-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Pipe with ribs on its inner surface forming a multiple thread and steam generator for using the pipe
DE4333404A1 (de) * 1993-09-30 1995-04-06 Siemens Ag Durchlaufdampferzeuger mit vertikal angeordneten Verdampferrohren
DE4431185A1 (de) * 1994-09-01 1996-03-07 Siemens Ag Durchlaufdampferzeuger
FI102396B (fi) * 1995-03-22 1998-11-30 Kvaerner Power Oy Menetelmä ja järjestely soodakattilan jäähdytysväliainekierrossa
DE19600004C2 (de) * 1996-01-02 1998-11-19 Siemens Ag Durchlaufdampferzeuger mit spiralförmig angeordneten Verdampferrohren
DE19602680C2 (de) * 1996-01-25 1998-04-02 Siemens Ag Durchlaufdampferzeuger
DE19644763A1 (de) * 1996-10-28 1998-04-30 Siemens Ag Dampferzeugerrohr
DE19645748C1 (de) * 1996-11-06 1998-03-12 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Durchlaufdampferzeugers und Durchlaufdampferzeuger zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
ES2170588T3 (es) * 1998-06-10 2002-08-01 Siemens Ag Generador de vapor calentado con combustible fosil.
DE19858780C2 (de) * 1998-12-18 2001-07-05 Siemens Ag Fossilbeheizter Durchlaufdampferzeuger
DE19914760C1 (de) * 1999-03-31 2000-04-13 Siemens Ag Fossilbeheizter Durchlaufdampferzeuger
CN1703599A (zh) * 2002-10-04 2005-11-30 鲁特/埃里克森有限公司 用于蒸汽发生器的直通蒸发器
US20080156236A1 (en) * 2006-12-20 2008-07-03 Osamu Ito Pulverized coal combustion boiler
DE102009012322B4 (de) * 2009-03-09 2017-05-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Durchlaufverdampfer
DE102009012321A1 (de) * 2009-03-09 2010-09-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Durchlaufverdampfer
DE102010040214A1 (de) * 2010-09-03 2012-03-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Berohrung einer Verdampferheizfläche für Durchlaufdampferzeuger in Solarturm-Kraftwerken mit direkter Verdampfung und Naturumlauf-Charakteristik

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FR1288755A (fr) * 1960-12-27 1962-03-30 Babcock & Wilcox Co Tube de production de vapeur nervuré
JPS5623603A (en) * 1979-08-01 1981-03-06 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Forced flowinggthrough boiler
JPS6042361B2 (ja) * 1981-06-04 1985-09-21 フオスタ−・ホイ−ラ−・エナ−ジイ・コ−ポレイシヨン 炉壁を構成する旋条付内孔型流体管のためにクロスオ−バ−回路を使用した可変圧型蒸気発生装置
JPH0613921B2 (ja) * 1986-01-31 1994-02-23 三浦工業株式会社 多管式貫流ボイラ−の伝熱面構造
EP0349834B1 (fr) * 1988-07-04 1996-04-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Chaudière à vapeur à passage unique
US5069171A (en) * 1990-06-12 1991-12-03 Foster Wheeler Agency Corporation Fluidized bed combustion system and method having an integral recycle heat exchanger with a transverse outlet chamber
US5094191A (en) * 1991-01-31 1992-03-10 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Steam generating system utilizing separate fluid flow circuitry between the furnace section and the separating section

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ETV-Bericht 23/1974: "Probleme bei der Auslegung grosser Zwangsdurchlauf-Dampferzeuger" †
Technical Review, Vol. 17, Nr. 3, Okt. 1980, S. 1-12 †
VGB-Kraftwerkstechnik 64, Heft 4, April 1984, S. 279-302 †

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7021106B2 (en) 2004-04-15 2006-04-04 Mitsui Babcock (Us) Llc Apparatus and method for forming internally ribbed or rifled tubes
DE102011004266A1 (de) * 2011-02-17 2012-08-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Sonnenkollektor mit innenberippten Rohren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3091220B2 (ja) 2000-09-25
ES2067227T3 (es) 1995-03-16
DK0581760T4 (da) 2001-12-03
JPH06500850A (ja) 1994-01-27
RU2075690C1 (ru) 1997-03-20
GR3015181T3 (en) 1995-05-31
WO1992018807A1 (fr) 1992-10-29
US5662070A (en) 1997-09-02
UA27775C2 (uk) 2000-10-16
DK0581760T3 (da) 1995-06-26
DE59104348D1 (de) 1995-03-02
ATE117420T1 (de) 1995-02-15
EP0581760A1 (fr) 1994-02-09
ES2067227T5 (es) 2002-04-01
EP0581760B1 (fr) 1995-01-18

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