EP0608168B2 - Tube convertisseur d'images, et procédé de fabrication d'un tel tube - Google Patents
Tube convertisseur d'images, et procédé de fabrication d'un tel tube Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0608168B2 EP0608168B2 EP94400099A EP94400099A EP0608168B2 EP 0608168 B2 EP0608168 B2 EP 0608168B2 EP 94400099 A EP94400099 A EP 94400099A EP 94400099 A EP94400099 A EP 94400099A EP 0608168 B2 EP0608168 B2 EP 0608168B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- electrons
- film
- deposited
- electrodes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trinitrate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000422252 Cales Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001639412 Verres Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- HIGRAKVNKLCVCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumine Chemical compound C1=CC=[Al]C=C1 HIGRAKVNKLCVCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005136 cathodoluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
- H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
- H01J31/50—Image-conversion or image-amplification tubes, i.e. having optical, X-ray, or analogous input, and optical output
- H01J31/501—Image-conversion or image-amplification tubes, i.e. having optical, X-ray, or analogous input, and optical output with an electrostatic electron optic system
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2231/00—Cathode ray tubes or electron beam tubes
- H01J2231/50—Imaging and conversion tubes
- H01J2231/50005—Imaging and conversion tubes characterised by form of illumination
- H01J2231/5001—Photons
- H01J2231/50031—High energy photons
- H01J2231/50036—X-rays
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an improvement to image converter tubes this improvement eliminates stray lights that can grow on the insulators inside these tubes.
- the invention also relates to a method for production of such an image converter tube.
- Such a convert image tube is known from EP-A-0. 380,147.
- Image intensifier tubes are tubes vacuum including an input converter, located at the front of the tube, an electronic optical system and a visible image observation screen located at the rear of the tube, on the side of an outlet window of the latter.
- the input converter has a scintillator screen that converts photons X incidents in visible photons.
- Figure 1 shows schematically such an intensifier tube image of the radiological type.
- the IIR tube comprises a glass envelope 1 or of metal, one end of which, at the front of the tube, includes an input screen 2. This end is closed through an entry window 3 exposed to radiation of X photons.
- the second end of the envelope forming the back of the tube is closed by an exit window 4 transparent to light.
- X-rays are converted into light rays by a scintillating screen 5.
- the light rays excite a photocathode 6 which in response produces electrons.
- the electrons produced by photocathode 6 are accelerated to exit window 4 using different electrodes 7, and an anode 8, arranged along of a longitudinal axis of the tube and which form the system electronic optics.
- the exit window 4 is formed by a part transparent glass which, in the example shown. carries a cathodoluminescent screen or exit screen 9 made of phosphors for example.
- the image displayed by the output screen 9 is visible at through the glass piece which constitutes the exit window 4.
- optical sensor devices are arranged outside the tube to near the exit window 4 to capture this image through the latter and allow its observation.
- the invention aims to limit the electrical charge of the insulators, which is the origin of glows by parasites.
- the image converter described in EP-A-0 380 147 there is an entry screen in a vacuum enclosure combining a scintillator and a photocathode which transform X-rays incidents on the electron scintillator focused on an output screen, at by means of electronic optics formed by a plurality of electrodes.
- a thin layer of chromium oxide is made by deposit chromium nitrate, by brushing, spraying or immersion followed by heat treatment.
- the object of the invention is to provide a converter tube images with such a thin performance layer improved and inexpensive. This objective is reached by the image converter tube according to claim 1 and the method of manufacturing such a tube according to claim 3.
- Figure 1 which was described previously exposed quickly the operation of an IIR tube.
- Figure 2 takes this section view, but it is more particularly oriented towards electrical insulations inside.
- this IIR tube has a photocathode 6 in alkaline antimonide, and that it is of the type tetrode, with three grids 71, 72, 73 and an anode 8.
- the electrodes are brought to voltages which can go beyond 30 kV for anode 8 and around 20 kV for grid 73.
- the electrodes 71 and 72 are brought to voltages generally not exceeding 1500 V.
- the primary screen 2 with its photocathode 6 transforms X-ray into an electron beam which is then focused by the set of electrodes on the secondary screen 4 which transforms it into a bright image.
- the anode 8 is brought to a fixed voltage, by example 30 kV, while the other electrodes, including in particular the grid 73 can be brought to voltages variables to enlarge the input image on the exit screen, creating a zoom effect.
- the mode operating mode can lead to voltages operating above 20 kV for the electrode 73.
- the evaporation of alkali metals is the result hot decomposition of a compound of these metals such as for example a chromate, by the Joule heating of alkaline generators.
- the closed geometry of these generators, necessary for chromate containment to optimize reactions of decomposition, and their off-center position relative to the axis of the tube makes evaporation very directive.
- the alkali can even evaporate outside of the tube: they are then injected into the tube through a queusot. In any case, this evaporation generates a mist that settles everywhere inside of the tube.
- the grid 73 is brought to some 20 kV
- the alumina shim 12 was previously polluted with alkalis, as well besides metal parts.
- Alkalis deposited on the surface of metal parts tube internals, dramatically decrease the work of the metal's electrons which favors stray electron emissions by field effect where the electric field is high.
- the electric field can be very high in the vicinity low voltage insulator / electrode for reasons insulation load and proximity to sources potential of electrons.
- an incident electron which strikes the alumina wedge 12 causes a multiplier effect and tears off at least two secondary electrons, with the consequence that the wedge 12 is charged with at minus a positive charge.
- This positive charge attracts, in a second emission mechanism symbolized in FIG. 3b, the electrons which have left the metal parts by field effect, for example in the vicinity of the insulator / electrode.
- the electrons thus captured bring back to the previous case and create secondary electrons by multiplier effect.
- the illumination parasite thus generated disturbs the proper functioning of the IIR tube: glow in the absence of a useful signal and deterioration of the contrast in operation.
- the flow significant leakage which may be associated with the presence light is also a source of food instability IIR tube at the expense of image quality, with loss of resolution.
- a first solution is to limit the possibilities electron emission.
- This solution requires an action on the configuration of the parts and their state of area.
- the parasitic emission of electrons by effect of field is governed by two parameters: the work of electron exit and the microscopic field at the surface of the issuing site. If the output job is conditioned by the inevitable presence of alkalis, the field microscopic can be decreased by improving the condition of surface and increasing the radius of curvature of the place at the level of possible emission sites, with reduction of the peak effect.
- the parasitic emission of electrons and therefore the gleams on insulators can therefore be reduced by the introduction of polished and rounded parts, for example at the insulator-metal junctions. These parts are generally expensive and must be handled with care.
- a second solution is to protect the insulation bombarded by a deposit of a powdery product.
- a such a solution consists for example of an oxide deposit chromium, made using a powder mixture chromium oxide, water and optionally a binder. Deposited with a brush or a pad, a deposit is obtained thick and weak adhesion. This solution if it allows to eliminate the gleams on the surface of the whitewashed insulation, is a source of particulate pollution in the tube and therefore appearance defects on the output screen.
- Such a deposit consists, for example, of a layer of amorphous carbon, deposited by sputtering or by a chemical process, stimulated by a plasma and known under the term PECVD (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition).
- PECVD Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition
- the PECVD technique makes it possible to obtain a homogeneous, thin, insulating and very adherent deposit on parts with complex shapes.
- Diamond carbon is a material known for its low secondary emission factor. This one remains less than 1 whatever the incident energy of electrons: the material does not charge whatever be the conditions of electronic bombardment.
- Carbon in the form of graphite is not suitable because it is conductive. Carbon black was used in vacuum tube technology but this type of deposit has all the disadvantages of oxide paint chrome: thickness, poor adhesion and therefore possibility to generate particles in the tube.
- Diamond carbon deposited in a thin layer by spraying or by PECVD is perfectly homogeneous and adheres to its support; it does not generate dust like chromium oxide paint.
- Carbon deposition by PECVD makes it possible to treat a large number of parts simultaneously. Thickness 1000 ⁇ (0.1 ⁇ m) is enough to gain a factor 1.5 to 2 on the threshold for the appearance of surface lights alumina insulators working at voltages that can go up to 40 kV, because diamond carbon is very not very conductive and holds very high voltages.
- amorphous carbon can be done on alumina parts such as insulators 11 and 12 between electrodes 72 and 73 for example, or on the bulb glass 13 which allows grid 73 / anode 8 insulation. adjoining metal parts such as end caps alumina shims or molded metal parts in the glass bulb can also be covered, the deposit also adhering to a metal substrate and is not likely to generate particles during assembly operations due to its low thickness.
- FIG. 4 illustrates the invention: an insulating block 12, located between two metal parts such as the electrodes 72 and 73, is covered with a layer 14 of the claimed material with low secondary emission rate and low conductivity, deposited using a so-called technique thin layer.
- the layer 14 is behaves like shielding, to prevent incident electrons charge insulator 12, by emission secondary of electrons.
Landscapes
- Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
- Formation Of Various Coating Films On Cathode Ray Tubes And Lamps (AREA)
- Vessels, Lead-In Wires, Accessory Apparatuses For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
Description
- figure 1 : vue en coupe, schématique, d'un tube IIR selon l'art connu ;
- figure 2: vue en coupe d'un tube IIR, orientée sur les problèmes d'isolants résolus par l'invention ;
- figures 3a à 3c : schéma du mécanisme d'apparition des lueurs sur les isolants ;
- figure 4 : coupe d'un isolant recouvert d'une couche mince selon l'invention.
- d'une part au moyen de cales d'alumine 11 et 12, par exemple, entre les grilles 71, 72 et 73,
- d'autre part au moyen d'un scellement 13 verre/métal, entre l'enveloppe 1 du tube et les électrodes 8 et 73.
- d'avoir un faible taux d'émission secondaire d'électrons de sorte que s'il est heurté par un électron, il l'absorbe sans émission secondaire avec mutiplication,
- d'être homogène c'est-à-dire non pulvérulent, ou déposé par un procédé dit "de couche mince", avec forte adhérence entre le produit et l'isolant,
- d'être très peu conducteur pour limiter le courant de fuite dans le tube intensificateur d'image.
Claims (3)
- Tube convertisseur d'images comportant, à l'intérieur d'une enceinte sous vide (1), au moins un écran d'entrée (2) associant un scintillateur (5) et une photocathode (6) qui transforment les rayons X incidents sur le scintillateur (5) en électrons, focalisés sur un écran de sortie (4) au moyen d'une optique électronique formée par une pluralité d'électrodes (8, 71, 72, 73), fixées au moyen d'une pluralité de pièces isolantes (11, 12, 13) qui, en vue de supprimer les lueurs parasites qui naissent en fonctionnement sur les pièces isolantes (11, 12, 13), sont recouvertes d'une couche mince (14) d'un matériau ayant un faible taux, d'émission secondaire d'électrons inférieur ou égale à un quelle que soit l'énergie incidente des électrons et une très faible conductivité électrique, déposée par un procédé physique ou chimique de vaporisation ou de pulvérisation cathodique en couche mince, le matériau étant du carbone diamant.
- Tube selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit matériau (14) est déposé sous forme d'une couche adhérente d'épaisseur de l'ordre de 1 000 Å (0,1 micromètre).
- Procédé de fabrication d'un tube intensificateur d'images radiologiques conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche de « carbone diamant » est déposée en surface des pièces isolantes (11, 12, 13) chauffées à 100° C, par craquage d'acétylène en présence d'hydrogène, à une pression entre 13,3 et 0,13 Pa (10-1 et 103 torr) sous l'action d'un plasma à 13,5 MHz.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9300638A FR2700889B1 (fr) | 1993-01-22 | 1993-01-22 | Tube convertisseur d'images, et procédé de suppression des lueurs parasites dans ce tube. |
| FR9300638 | 1993-01-22 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0608168A1 EP0608168A1 (fr) | 1994-07-27 |
| EP0608168B1 EP0608168B1 (fr) | 1997-03-12 |
| EP0608168B2 true EP0608168B2 (fr) | 2001-01-24 |
Family
ID=9443290
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94400099A Expired - Lifetime EP0608168B2 (fr) | 1993-01-22 | 1994-01-14 | Tube convertisseur d'images, et procédé de fabrication d'un tel tube |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6147446A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0608168B2 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP3529152B2 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE69401966T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2700889B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE1016931A4 (nl) | 2005-06-14 | 2007-10-02 | Exponent Challenge Technology | Verbeterde meelopende valbeveiliging met flexibele ankerlijn. |
| JP4469837B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-19 | 2010-06-02 | 株式会社東芝 | イメージインテンシファイア |
| JP2009217944A (ja) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-09-24 | Toshiba Corp | イメージインテンシファイア |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2461262A1 (de) † | 1974-12-23 | 1976-07-01 | Siemens Ag | Roentgenbildverstaerker |
| US4069357A (en) † | 1976-11-09 | 1978-01-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Process for diffusing metallic coatings into ceramics to improve their voltage withstanding capabilities |
| DE2909066A1 (de) † | 1978-03-10 | 1979-09-20 | Diagnostic Inform | Roentgenbildverstaerkerroehre |
| US4862006A (en) † | 1986-06-13 | 1989-08-29 | Thomson-Csf | Method of fabrication of an x-ray image intensifier and an x-ray image intensifier thus obtained |
| EP0360906A1 (fr) † | 1988-09-29 | 1990-04-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Intensificateur d'images de rayons X |
| DE4208538A1 (de) † | 1992-03-17 | 1993-09-30 | Siemens Ag | Röntgenbildverstärker |
| DE3833133C2 (de) † | 1988-09-29 | 1995-12-14 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Elektrodensystems für einen Röntgenbildverstärker |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4173727A (en) * | 1966-06-23 | 1979-11-06 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Electron image device |
| US3474275A (en) * | 1966-09-26 | 1969-10-21 | Rca Corp | Image tube having a gating and focusing electrode |
| US3708673A (en) * | 1971-06-10 | 1973-01-02 | Machlett Lab Inc | Image intensifier tube |
| US4001618A (en) * | 1975-01-29 | 1977-01-04 | Rca Corporation | Electron discharge image tube with electrostatic field shaping electrode |
| US4315184A (en) * | 1980-01-22 | 1982-02-09 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Image tube |
| JPS59215639A (ja) * | 1983-05-24 | 1984-12-05 | Nippon Hoso Kyokai <Nhk> | 反射電子除去電極 |
| FR2634057B1 (fr) * | 1988-07-08 | 1991-04-19 | Thomson Csf | Procede de fabrication d'un tube perfectionne intensificateur d'images radiologiques, tube intensificateur ainsi obtenu |
| NL8900039A (nl) * | 1989-01-09 | 1990-08-01 | Philips Nv | Beeldversterkerbuis met chroomoxyde coating. |
| JPH0337939A (ja) * | 1989-07-05 | 1991-02-19 | Hitachi Ltd | 受光素子及びその動作方法 |
-
1993
- 1993-01-22 FR FR9300638A patent/FR2700889B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-01-07 US US08/178,748 patent/US6147446A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-01-14 DE DE69401966T patent/DE69401966T3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-01-14 EP EP94400099A patent/EP0608168B2/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-21 JP JP00536994A patent/JP3529152B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2461262A1 (de) † | 1974-12-23 | 1976-07-01 | Siemens Ag | Roentgenbildverstaerker |
| US4069357A (en) † | 1976-11-09 | 1978-01-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Process for diffusing metallic coatings into ceramics to improve their voltage withstanding capabilities |
| DE2909066A1 (de) † | 1978-03-10 | 1979-09-20 | Diagnostic Inform | Roentgenbildverstaerkerroehre |
| US4862006A (en) † | 1986-06-13 | 1989-08-29 | Thomson-Csf | Method of fabrication of an x-ray image intensifier and an x-ray image intensifier thus obtained |
| EP0360906A1 (fr) † | 1988-09-29 | 1990-04-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Intensificateur d'images de rayons X |
| DE3833133C2 (de) † | 1988-09-29 | 1995-12-14 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Elektrodensystems für einen Röntgenbildverstärker |
| DE4208538A1 (de) † | 1992-03-17 | 1993-09-30 | Siemens Ag | Röntgenbildverstärker |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6147446A (en) | 2000-11-14 |
| EP0608168A1 (fr) | 1994-07-27 |
| DE69401966T2 (de) | 1997-06-26 |
| JP3529152B2 (ja) | 2004-05-24 |
| FR2700889B1 (fr) | 1995-02-24 |
| EP0608168B1 (fr) | 1997-03-12 |
| DE69401966T3 (de) | 2001-05-23 |
| FR2700889A1 (fr) | 1994-07-29 |
| DE69401966D1 (de) | 1997-04-17 |
| JPH06243806A (ja) | 1994-09-02 |
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