EP0627510B2 - Opening roller for an open-end-spinning machine and method for producing it - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an opening roller a fiber separation device of an open-end spinning machine, with a cylinder body attached to its outer circumference has teeth cut through it Penetration of at least one spiral groove with one Number of recesses are formed, as well as one Process for producing the opening roller mentioned above.

In the known separating devices Open-end spinning machines are the opening rollers mostly as a cylindrical body formed on the outer periphery of a spiral groove is provided, in which a sawtooth wire is rolled, whose teeth are the working elements in the dissolution of the sliver to individual fibers (U.S. Patent 4 342137).

At the high spinning speeds of the current open-end spinning machines are these Opening rollers, especially what their lifespan concerns, not satisfactory. It therefore follows a surface treatment on the rolling in of the clothing wire the opening roller to make them more wear-resistant close. Show through that Defects caused by rolling in as well as defects in the surface of the clothing wire that is coating make it difficult or even impossible, which makes the Function of the opening roller is negatively affected. On Another disadvantage of this opening roller is that Possibility that in the alleys through the toothless Part of the saw tooth set are formed, Dirt and fiber accumulations stick that then irregularities or other defects on the spun yarn. However, there is an advantage in that the teeth on the circumference in a spiral are arranged so that the engagement of the teeth in the sliver in the direction of the generatrix of the opening roller varies and thus an even comb across the width of the sliver.

Disintegration rollers are also known, e.g. to DE OS 19 39 683, in which on the circumference of the cylinder body saw-like teeth with the help of a spiral groove are formed, from the upper part by axially extending Incisions on the front and back surfaces the teeth are shaped.

DD-PS 210 714 is also a compact toothed ring known for fiber separation on open-end spinning machines, its external teeth in helical turns are manufactured with a certain helix angle.

This solution has been further improved according to DE 38 27 344, where the opening roller by a annular base body is formed on the the outer circumference of the teeth with the help of in axial Direction incisions in connection with the circumferential streets formed are. The alleys are between the rows of teeth deeper than the incisions between the teeth like this also the case with rolled-in sawtooth sets is.

The latter feature means that the shape of the set of such an opening roller Opening roller with sawtooth set is similar, and that at the high spinning speeds of the current Open-end spinning it to stick of dirt or fibers in the lower area between the rows of teeth can come. The fibers become Retracted tooth base. When it is transported into the dining channel difficult to detach from the surface of the Opening roller, which in particular ensures uniformity of the spun yarn is impaired.

The biggest disadvantage, however, is that axial incisions through which the forehead and Back surfaces of the teeth are shaped. The teeth of the Opening rollers come into contact in rows at the same time with the sliver so that the resolution of the Sliver takes place jerkily. The fibers are therefore not evenly, but in tufts Spinning process fed, which has an undesirable influence of yarn quality.

Based on that by DE-A-38 27 344 given the closest prior art is the object of the invention, the described Avoid disadvantages and an opening roller to create with a long service life, with which an improved Preparation of the fiber material to be spun is achieved as well as a process for their Creating manufacturing.

This task is characterized by the characteristics of Claims 1, 7 and 11, each for themselves or in Combination, solved. In an advantageous version the recesses run obliquely to the cylinder axis, however perpendicular to the spiral groove. In this version the teeth parallel to the tangential plane have the Shape of a right-angled parallelogram, whereby their lifespan is increased. The bottom of the spiral groove can be in cross section the shape of a on the edges stepless transition into the tooth flanks to have.

To adapt the opening roller to different ones technological conditions, especially at the composition of the sliver, the speed and has the vacuum in another version the bottom of the spiral groove in cross section the shape of a Straight lines at the edges through arches in the tooth flanks transforms.

For other technological conditions a bottom of the spiral groove, which is in the Cross section has a curvature.

In all of the above variants, it is advantageous when the spiral groove goes towards the tooth tip expands because the fibers get better from the teeth to be able to solve.

Different technological conditions the depth of the recesses can be adjusted, the after the first variant in comparison with the Depth of the spiral groove is greater. In this case it is on most advantageous if the depth of the recesses is around a multiple greater than 0.05 to 0.5 than the depth of the spiral groove.

For certain applications it is advantageous if the depth of the recesses in The circumferential direction changes cyclically. Through the Varying the depth of the recesses across the width the outer periphery of the opening roller cylinder body can the teeth to the mass distribution of the Sliver can be adjusted transversely to the direction of transport.

Another variation is the depth of the recesses smaller than the depth of the spiral groove.

To improve the leadership of the separation process fibers located on the circumference of the Cylinder body of the opening roller, it is appropriate to provide flanges on the end faces of the cylinder body, whose diameter is larger than that by double the diameter of the spiral groove is reduced of the tip circle of the teeth.

The best results in running the fibers in the separation process on Scope will be achieved if the diameter of the Flanges compared to the diameter of the tip circle the teeth are larger or the same size. The cylinder body is advantageously made of a hardenable steel manufactured.

The essence of the manufacturing process the opening roller is that the cylinder body a rotary movement during the manufacture of the recesses is granted.

Fig. 1 -

eine Vorderansicht der Auflösewalze;

Fig. 2 -

ein Detail der Auflösewalze in Seitenansicht;

Fig. 3 -

die Ansicht von Fig. 2 gemäß der Schnittlinie A - A;

Fig. 4 - 7 -

die Ansicht von Fig. 2 gemäß der Schnittlinie A - A bei verschiedenen Ausführungsförmen der Erfindung;

Fig. 8 -

ein Detail der Auflösewalze gemäß Fig. 1 in Seitenansicht;

Fig. 9 -

die Ansicht von Fig. 8 gemäß der Schnittlinie A - A;

Fig. 10 -

ein Detail einer anderen Ausführung der Erfindung in Seitenansicht;

Fig. 11 -

die Ansicht von Fig. 10 gemäß der Schnittlinie A - A;

Fig. 12 -

eine Ansicht der Figuren 2, 8 oder 10, gemäß der Schnittlinie B - B;

Fig. 13 -

eine andere Ausführung in der Ansicht gemäß Fig. 12.

The invention is described in detail with reference to the figures. Show it:

Fig. 1 -

a front view of the opening roller;

Fig. 2 -

a detail of the opening roller in side view;

Fig. 3 -

the view of Figure 2 along the section line A - A.

4 - 7 -

the view of Figure 2 along the section line A - A in various embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 8 -

a detail of the opening roller of Figure 1 in side view.

Fig. 9 -

the view of Figure 8 along the section line A - A.

Fig. 10 -

a detail of another embodiment of the invention in side view;

Fig. 11 -

the view of Figure 10 along the section line A - A.

Fig. 12 -

a view of Figures 2, 8 or 10, along the section line B - B;

Fig. 13 -

another embodiment in the view according to FIG. 12.

The opening roller 1 for a opening device an open-end spinning machine consists in the illustrated embodiments from a cylinder body 2, an axial bore 21 for storage the opening roller on a not shown Has drive shaft. The cylinder body 2 of the opening roller 1 can also be designed in a different way be, e.g. in one piece with the drive shaft, or in several pieces as a ring-shaped outer body that on a cylindrical base body is mounted as a carrier, which has a coaxial bore 21 for storage on the drive shaft.

The cylinder body 2 of the opening roller 1 has teeth 3 on its circumference, the tips of which 36 lie on the tip circle 31. On the end faces 22 of the Cylinder body 2 can be arranged flanges 4 as it e.g. 1 in the embodiment of FIG Case is. In the remaining figures, the flanges are 4 not shown, but they can be provided.

The teeth 3 on the circumference of the cylinder body 2 are spiraled through at least one the circumference of the cylinder 2 extending groove 5 with left or right slope formed, the walls of which Flanks 32 of teeth 3 form while a number of recesses 6 the end faces 33 and back 34 form the teeth 3. As shown in Fig. 1, run the recesses 6 transverse to the circumferential direction of the Cylinder body 2 of the opening roller 1 in the direction of Auxiliary line 72, which with the axis 7 of the cylinder body 2 parallel surface line 71 an angle α forms, whose maximum value should not be greater than 45 ° should.

The diameter of the flanges 4 corresponds at least the size of the diameter of the tip circle 31 of the teeth 3 of the cylinder body 2. In the embodiment 1 is the diameter of the Flanges 4 larger than the diameter of the tip circle 31 of teeth 3, the diameter of the two Flanges 4 are equal to each other. Some others Construction designs of the opening roller 1 can the flanges 4 on the end faces 22 of the cylinder body 2, or only one flange 4 be provided, or it can be the diameter of the Flanges 4 may be different.

The flanges 4 serve to improve the Guiding the individual fibers on the circumference of the cylinder body 2. The flanges 4, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the tip circle 31 of the teeth 3 are also used to protect the teeth 3 from Damage, e.g. when laying on a flat surface or when storing opening rollers next to each other.

Regardless of whether the recesses 6 run at an angle to the surface line 71 or are arranged straight, the bottom of the spiral groove 5 different shapes that correspond to each technological conditions when separating the Sliver, to a certain quality and / or certain rotational speed of the opening roller 1 tuned are. Another important technological Parameter is the negative pressure in the resolver, especially the negative pressure in the zone in which the individual fibers leave the opening roller 1.

4 and 9 the bottom 51 of the spiral groove 5 through a cylindrical surface formed in cross section the shape of a straight line has at the edges by an arc 52 in the Flanks 32 of the teeth 3 merges. The spiral groove 5 expands towards the top 51 towards the tooth tip 36 down, whereby a favorable profile of the teeth 3 is achieved that taper towards their top 36.

Another version of the bottom 51 of the Spiral groove 5 is shown in Fig. 3; the bottom is 51 in cross section a continuous arc 52 ', the the edges flowing into the flanks 32 of the teeth 3 transforms.

Another variant of the Bottom 51 of the spiral groove 5 is in FIGS. 5, 6, 7 and 11 shown. The bottom 51 is curved, so that the spiral groove 5 is deeper at the edges than in the middle, whereby they in these marginal zones by arch 52 in the flanks 32 of teeth 3 passes over.

The depth of the recesses 6, whose Penetration with the spiral groove 5 forms the teeth 3, can be different. In the executions 8 and 9 is the depth of the recesses 6 greater than or equal to the depth of the spiral groove 5. As the most advantageous has such a depth of recess 6 proven to be between 0.05 and 0.5 Is many times greater than the depth of the spiral groove 5. Also this version can be made over the width of the cylinder body 2 of the opening roller 1 arranged obliquely Recesses as well as just arranged recesses be applied. The best results through the right, on the respective fiber material, the spinning speed and vacuum conditions coordinated combination of the described Characteristics achieved what in detail through experiments is to be determined in each case.

In the embodiment with one curved bottom 51 having spiral groove 5 can the following variants occur:

5 is the The depth of the recesses 6 is equal to the smallest depth 53 the spiral groove 5 and the bottom of the spiral groove 5 is through an arched surface of revolution is formed.

7 is the Depth of the recesses 6 greater than the smallest depth 53 of the spiral groove 5. The shaped surface of rotation of the Bottom 51 of the spiral groove 5 is 54 in its curved part through the lower floor surface 61 of the recess 6 interrupted. The end faces 33 and the back 34 of the teeth 3 thus formed are larger than that Flanks 32 of the teeth 3, which is particularly the case Loosening of the fibers from the surface of the opening roller 1 has a favorable effect on the fiber separation process. The depth of the recesses 6 is smaller than the greatest depth 55 of the spiral groove 5.

6 is the The depth of the recesses 6 is equal to the greatest depth 55 the spiral groove 5, or it can also be larger than that greatest depth 55 of the spiral groove 5. In this version are the end faces 33 and the back 34 of the teeth 3 extended even more compared to the flanks 32 of the Teeth 3, because the whole shaped surface of rotation of Bottom 51 of the spiral groove 5 through the recesses 6 is interrupted.

When the bottom 51 of the spiral groove 5 the shape has a cylindrical surface, as shown in FIG. 9, and if at the same time the depth of the recesses 6 is greater than the depth of the spiral groove 5, the cylinder surface of the bottom 51 of the spiral groove 5 through the bottom surfaces 61 of the recesses 6 interrupted. The End faces 33 and the back 34 of the thus formed Teeth 3 are larger than the flanks 32 of teeth 3, which particularly affects the detachment of the fibers from the surface of the opening roller 1 and transition in the feed channel at the end of the fiber separation process has a favorable effect.

Also with the spiral groove 5 according to FIG. 3, the bottom 51 of which is designed in cross section as an arc 52 is, the depth of the recesses 6 can be greater than the depth of the spiral groove 5, the bottom 51 the spiral surface 5 forming surface of revolution through the recesses 6 is interrupted.

As far as the depth of the recesses 6 and the depth of the spiral groove 5 is the same, the bottom 51 through the penetration areas of the bottom 51 of the Spiral groove 5 forming surface of rotation with the individual Recesses 6 formed, the bottom surfaces 61 of the deepest point of the spiral groove 5 merge into one another.

In a further embodiment, not shown the depth of the recesses changes 6 along the length of the recesses 6 or across the width of the opening roller 1, creating the shape the tip of tooth 3 can be changed, e.g. so that the recesses 6 deeper and the teeth 3 are sharper, so that in operation that in the middle of the rotating cylinder body 2 of Opening roller 1 fed sliver through the sharp Teeth 3 of the middle part of the toothed outer circumference of the cylinder body 2 of the opening roller 1 is isolated. This way the mass distribution of the sliver fed from the opening roller 1 taken into account what happened at Separation process has a positive effect

As shown in Figs. 3 to 6, 7, 9 and 11, the length of the recesses can be 6 different Take values, but it is not shorter than that Distance between the outer edges of the tooth feet 35 the teeth 3 of the edge rows on the outer circumference of the Cylinder body 2 of the opening roller 1.

In another alternative version of the cylinder body 2 of the opening roller 1 can be the depth the recesses 6 may be smaller than the depth of the spiral groove 5. The most suitable for this version Shape of the bottom 51 the one in which the Cross section of the bottom 51 an arc 52 or Is straight, the depth of the recesses 6 not is larger than the straight flank 32 of the teeth 3. This Execution is particularly high quality for machining Suitable raw material.

If the rows of teeth 3 of the cylinder body 2 of the opening roller 1 an angle α with the Form axis 7, the individual rows of teeth 3rd arranged at an angle. When turning the opening roller 1 therefore the teeth 3 come in the respective row and after in contact with the sliver, creating a jerky action of the opening roller 1 on the Sliver is avoided. This angle α is in a certain relationship to the distance between the tooth tips 36 from each other. However, it has been shown that it is not advantageous to have this angle greater than 45 ° choose.

The most stressed part of the The end faces 33 form the surface of the opening roller 1 of the teeth. To reduce their stress and their lifespan and thereby also the lifespan of the whole opening roller 1 are the recesses 6 arranged perpendicular to the spiral groove 5. This means that the angle α of the deflection of the recesses 6 the helix angle β of the helix the spiral groove 5 is the same as in FIG. 13 shown.

To increase the lifespan and quality the opening roller 1 is the cylinder body 2 made of hardenable Steel made, after completion of the Spiral groove 5 of the cylinder body 2 hardened or at least is partially hardened. After that, either the recesses 6 made, or there may be another Heat treatment can be made. On Another indispensable process is the elimination of the ridge and the edges of the one with the Fibers in contact with the surface of the cylinder body 2 of the opening roller 1. Following this can the surface of the cylinder body 2 with a wear-resistant layer.

When machining the recesses 6 the cylinder body 2 simultaneously rotates granted. If both the rotational speed of the Cylinder body 2 and the feed rate of the machining tool are constant the recesses 6 in the projection in the plane of Top view a straight direction. If against constant feed rate of the processing tool the rotational speed of the cylinder body 2 varies, the recesses 6 in the Projection into the plane of the top view the shape of a Curve.

reference numeral

1

opening roller

2

cylinder body

21

opening

22

Face of the cylinder body

3

teeth

31

Tip circle of teeth

32

tooth flank

33

Tooth face

34

tooth back

35

tooth root

36

tooth tip

4

flange

5

spiral

51

Bottom of the spiral groove

52

Deepened part of the floor, arch transition

52 '

Continuous floor

53

Smallest depth

54

Arched part of the floor

55

Greatest depth

6

recesses

61

Floor surfaces of the recess

7

Axis of the opening roller cylinder body

71

generating line

72

auxiliary straight

α

Angle to the generatrix of the recess

β

Helix groove pitch angle

Claims (17)

1. An opening roller of a fibre separating device of an open-end spinning unit having a cylindrical body (2), the outer circumference of which is fitted with teeth (3) formed by the penetration of at least one helical groove (5) with a number of recesses (6)
   wherein
   the recesses (6) extend at the circumference of the cylindrical body (2) at an angle (α) with respect to the generator line (71) parallel with the axis (7) of the cylindrical body (2), the angle (α) does not exceed 45°, and the recesses (6) are formed in a direction perpendicular to the helical groove (5).
2. The opening roller according to Claim 1 wherein the bottom (51) of the helical groove (5) has a cross-section shaped as a curved line (52') which merges smoothly at the edges into the faces (32) of the teeth (3).
3. The opening roller according to one of Claims 1 or 2 wherein the bottom (51) of the helical groove (5) has a cross-section with straight lines which pass over at the edges into the faces (32) of the teeth (3) via curved lines (52).
4. The opening roller according to one or more of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the bottom (51) of the helical groove (5) has a cross section with a bulge (54).
5. An opening roller of a fibre separating device of an open-end spinning device having a cylindrical body (2), the outer circumference of which has teeth (3) formed by the penetration of at least one helical groove (5) with a number of recesses (6), wherein the bottom (51) of the helical groove (5) has a cross section with a bulge (54).
6. The opening roller according to Claim 5, wherein the bulge (54) of the bottom (51) passes over at the edges into the faces (32) of the teeth (3) via curved lines (52).
7. The opening roller according to one or more of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the side walls of the helical groove (5) are formed in such a way that the helical groove (5) widens from the bottom (51) towards the tip (36) of the teeth.
8. The opening roller according to one or more of Claims 1 to 7, wherein the depth of the recesses (6) is larger than the depth of the helical groove (5).
9. An opening roller of the fibre separating device of an open-end spinning unit having a cylindrical body (2) which has teeth on its outer circumference formed by the penetration of at least one helical groove (5) with a number of recesses (6), wherein the depth of the recesses (6) is larger than the depth of the helical groove (5).
10. The opening roller according to Claim 9, wherein the depth of the recesses (6) is larger than the depth of the helical groove (5) by a factor ranging between 0.05 and 0.5.
11. The opening roller according to one or more of Claims 1 to 10, wherein the depth of the recesses (6) changes cyclically across the circumference of the cylindrical body (2).
12. The opening roller according to one or more of Claims 1 to 11, wherein the depth of the recesses (6) varies across the width of the outer circumference of the cylindrical body (2) of the opening roller (1).
13. The opening roller according to one or more of Claims 1 to 7, 11 or 12, but not of 8 to 10, wherein the depth of the recesses (6) is smaller than the depth of the helical groove (5).
14. The opening roller according to one or more of Claims 1 to 13, wherein the front end (22) of the cylindrical body (2) has flanges (4) whose diameter corresponds at least to the tip diameter (31) of the teeth (3).
15. The opening roller according to one or more of Claims 1 to 14, wherein the cylindrical body (2) is made from hardening steel.
16. The opening roller according to one or more of Claims 1 to 7, 11, 12, 14 or 15, but not of 8 to 10 or 13, wherein the depth of the recesses (6) is the same as the depth of the helical groove (5).
17. A process for the manufacture of the opening roller according to one or more of Claims 1 to 16, wherein the cylindrical body (2) is given rotary motion about its axis of rotation during the manufacture of the recesses (6).

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