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EP0757736A1 - Method and device for de-icing road carriageways involving the re-use of recovered thawing solution - Google Patents
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EP0757736A1 - Method and device for de-icing road carriageways involving the re-use of recovered thawing solution - Google Patents

Method and device for de-icing road carriageways involving the re-use of recovered thawing solution

Info

Publication number
EP0757736A1
EP0757736A1 EP95918593A EP95918593A EP0757736A1 EP 0757736 A1 EP0757736 A1 EP 0757736A1 EP 95918593 A EP95918593 A EP 95918593A EP 95918593 A EP95918593 A EP 95918593A EP 0757736 A1 EP0757736 A1 EP 0757736A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thawing
water
solution
concentration
agent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95918593A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0757736B1 (en
Inventor
Elfriede Vogel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BTS Beratung und Technik fur die Strasse GmbH
Original Assignee
BTS Beratung und Technik fur die Strasse GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0757736A1 publication Critical patent/EP0757736A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0757736B1 publication Critical patent/EP0757736B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H10/00—Improving gripping of ice-bound or other slippery traffic surfaces, e.g. using gritting or thawing materials ; Roadside storage of gritting or solid thawing materials; Permanently installed devices for applying gritting or thawing materials; Mobile apparatus specially adapted for treating wintry roads by applying liquid, semi-liquid or granular materials
    • E01H10/005—Permanently-installed devices for applying gritting or thawing materials, e.g. for spreading grit, for spraying de-icing liquids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for de-icing carriageways, to which a thawing solution of thawing agent in water is applied to lower the freezing point, which, if appropriate mixed with rainwater and melt water, runs off the carriageway as thawing water, which is collected, optionally cleaned and after Testing of its thawing agent content is at least partially reused, if necessary by adding fresh thawing agent as the aqueous thawing solution, and on a device for carrying out the method, with organs attached along the carriageway to be de-iced for applying the thawing solution to the Roadway and drainage devices for collecting the defrost water from the roadway, which are connected via channels, a concentration sensor for the defrosting agent concentration and a switch controlled by the sensor on the one hand to a drain and on the other hand to a catch basin, which in turn like which has a connection to the organs for applying the thawing agent.
  • a device and such a method are known from WO 93/00481.
  • the thawing water that runs off the carriageway, in particular of motorways is collected and, if necessary after the addition of further defrosting agent or highly concentrated defrosting solution, reapplied to the carriageway, in particular which are sprayed on automatically via nozzles.
  • pure rainwater that runs off the roadway can also be drained directly into a receiving water.
  • the recycling of the thawing water for new thawing solution leads to a saving in new thawing agent and also relieves the environment, which would otherwise be used by the thawing water content of thawing agent, especially salt.
  • the invention is intended to achieve a better utilization of the recoverable thawing agent. This is done by increasing the solution concentration of the thaw water to be reused before it is re-applied as a thawing solution in a separation step, in which partial streams of de-icing agent-free or low-water and on the other hand a more concentrated solution are produced, preferably with a device , in which a concentration increase step for the concentration of the thawing agent in the thawing water to be reused as thawing solution is switched on between the collecting basin and the oranges for applying the thawing agent, with a derivation for the portion of the thawing water, which on the other hand is reduced in its concentration.
  • a concentration increase step for the concentration of the thawing agent in the thawing water to be reused as thawing solution is switched on between the collecting basin and the oranges for applying the thawing agent, with a derivation for the portion of the thawing water, which on the
  • the degree of desalination and the effort required can be selected taking into account the climatic conditions that determine the frequency and quantity of thawing solution applied to the road and the purity requirements for the wastewater that is released into the environment.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for use on a roadway, the top layer of which consists of drain asphalt, since only little condensation and slush is sprayed into the environment in such roadway surfaces, but because of the porosity of the asphalt, the water seeps away on the roadway and is collected below.
  • the method according to the invention can be combined very advantageously with a test of the pollutant load in the condensation water, in particular the load with oil, and a discharge of star 1 -laden condensate water or a separation of the pollutant, for example in an oil separator or, with a better separation effect , in a filter like a microfilter.
  • Microfilters have larger pores than ultrafilters, but are sufficiently small to retain oil.
  • normal rainwater or wastewater that accumulates on the road can also be subjected to a pollutant exposure test and, if necessary be subjected to a corresponding subsequent treatment or separation.
  • the single figure shows a top view of a roadway with a device located at the edge of the roadway for automatic deicing of the roadway.
  • the drawing shows a roadway 1 with roadway edges 2 and along one of the roadway edges drawn-in manholes 3, which are connected via drainage channels 4 to a common drainage channel 5.
  • This installation is drawn along one of the edges of the carriageway; it can also be provided in triplicate on both sides or on carriageways with median strips.
  • organs for applying thawing solution namely spray nozzles 11, are installed along the carriageway, which are fed via a distribution line 12, which in turn is supplied with thawing solution, namely generally saline solution under pressure, via a line 13.
  • a sensor 18 which in the embodiment shown is also a sensor for the pollution of the condensation water, e.g. B. oil contained therein, and also for the concentration of thawing agent and controls two switches 19 and 20, of which the switch 19 is first turned on and a pollutant switch, at one output of which the switch 20 connects, which is a solution switch.
  • the outlet of the pollutant switch 19 leads to a pollutant collecting basin 23, in which water mixed with pollutants such as oil or chemicals that have got onto the roadway, for example due to an accident, is collected for the purpose of disposal.
  • Unloaded or only negligible condensate water comes to the switch 20, which is controlled by the sensor 18 in dependence on the concentration of thawing agent in such a way that thawing water flowing through it either when the concentration is lower than z. B. 0.05%, is drained into a receiving water 21, and, if the concentration is above this value, __; ⁇ a condensate collecting basin 24 is passed.
  • the condensate collecting basin 24 is in turn followed by a basin, namely a solution collecting basin 25, via a concentration increase stage 26.
  • the basin 25 is considerably smaller than the basin '4 and is for protection against the ingress of Rain water covered, it could also be a tank.
  • the condensation water basin 24 accordingly has a capacity in the order of 30% of that during the winter season, So from November to February, statistically in the area in question and the amount of water to be expected for the supplied road surface, while the solution collecting tank 25 has a capacity of about 1 to 5% of the amount of water Concentration level 26, which enables high flow and desalination rates, can increase capacity of the condensation water collecting basin 24 and the solution collecting basin 25 can also be designed to be smaller, since only smaller amounts of liquid have to be temporarily stored. sen.
  • the percentages mentioned are only to be regarded as an example, since they can fluctuate widely.
  • the proportion of condensation to be processed depends on the one hand on the respective climatic conditions, i. H. in particular on the amount and frequency of the application of thawing solution resulting from the given temperatures and amounts of precipitation.
  • the requirements placed on the quality of the wastewater to be discharged and which are based on the respective environmental requirements, are decisive for the degree of desalination and the permissible residual value of the wastewater.
  • the concentration increase stage 26 consists of a commercially available desalination plant which delivers completely or largely desalinated water via a drain line 31 into the receiving water and, in the case of the usual water desalination as a remainder, in the present case as the useful product, a concentrated de-icing agent solution via a line 32 introduces into the solution pool 25.
  • the concentration increase stage 26 also contains a microfilter connected upstream of the actual desalination stage, which filters oils and fats and supplies them to the pollutant collecting basin 23 via a line 33. Smaller amounts of pollutants carried, which do not yet lead to a complete switchover of the pollutant switch 19, are filtered off here.
  • the thawing solution is initially only taken in a roughly adjusted concentration and passes through a further sensor 39 which controls a mixing valve 40 which the thawing solution, depending on requirements, from a storage tank 41 fresh thawing agent or highly concentrated thawing agent solution, or admixed water from a water pipe 42 again. It may then be necessary to add water. if the concentration of the thawing solution is adjusted as a function of temperature and the concentration increase stage 26 delivers a concentration intended for the maximum expected cold.
  • the desired concentration of the thawing solution is set directly in the solution collecting basin 25, on the one hand by introducing a solution with a high concentration from the concentration increase stage 26 and on the other hand a certain amount of thawing solution of low concentration as required Tration ntration is introduced from the condensation water collecting basin 24 via a further line into the solution collecting basin 25.
  • the water released through the switch 20 and the concentration increase stage 26 can be re-entered into an intermediate pool.
  • a multi-stage increase in concentration can also be carried out, with condensation water of a relatively high thawing agent concentration coming from the roadway being able to be introduced directly into a basin with an already higher concentration level.
  • One possibility would be: defrost water below 0.1% Salzgeh a lt give in the wastewater, condensation of 0.1 to 1% £ zgehalt in a first giving and defrost water from the roadway been over 1 condensate-collecting tank with a low concentration % Contains defrosting agent, immediately in a second stage of the thawing water collecting basin.
  • the concentration level itself can be divided into a cascade of smaller levels.
  • the condensation water coming from the carriageway is generally only introduced into the pollutant catch basin 23. From there, it passes through a cleaning unit that filters out pollutants and dirt particles. Only then does the pretreated water, depending on the concentration of thawing agent, either get into the thawing water collecting basin 24 or to Floodwater 21. This ensures that no malfunctions in the desalination plant are caused by dirt or pollutant components.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP95/01534 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 23, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 23, 1996 PCT Filed Apr. 24, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/29296 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 2, 1995A process and an apparatus installation for de-icing roadways (1) automatically, to which is applied a melting-agent solution in water to lower the freezing point. The run-off from the roadways may be mixed with precipitation water and melted snow and ice as melt water. The latter is collected and, after having tested its melting-agent content (in 18), at least a portion of the melting-agent contained in the run-off leaving the roadway surface is re-used by re-applying it as an aqueous melting solution (via 11)-if necessary after adding fresh melting-agent-and, in particular, helps save melting-agent and is also less damaging to the environment by increasing (in 26) the solution's concentration in the melt water to be re-used before re-applying it as a melting solution in one separation step in the course of which water (in 31) free of or low in melting-agent on the one hand and a more highly concentrated solution (in 32) on the other hand are created as partial flows, as a consequence of which a larger percentage of the melt water can be re-used. This cycle can also integrate polluant-elimination steps.

Description

Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Enteisen von Fahrbahnen unter Wiederverwendung rüc σewonnener Auftaulösungen Process and device for de-icing roadways using reused thawing solutions
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Enteisen von Fahrbahnen, auf die man eine Auftaulösung von Auftaumittel in Wasser zum Senken des Gefrierpunktes aufbringt, die gegebenenfalls gemischt mit Niederschlags- und Schmelzwasser als Tauwasser von der Fahrbahn abläuft, das man auffängt, gegebenenfalls reinigt und nach Prüfung seines Gehalts an Auftaumittel zumindest teilweise wiederverwendet, indem man es gegebenenfalls nach Zugabe von frischem Auftaumittel er¬ neut als die wässerige Auftaulösung aufbringt, und auf eine Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens, mit entlang den zu enteisenden Fahrbahnen angebrachten Organen zum Aufbringen der Auftaulösung auf die Fahrbahn und Abzugseinrichtungen zum Sammeln des Tauwassers von der Fahrbahn, die über Kanäle, einen Konzentrationssensor für die Auftaumittelkonzentration und eine durch den Sensor gesteuerte Weiche einerseits mit einer Ableitung und andererseits mit einem Auffangbecken verbunden sind, das seinerseits wiederum eine Verbindung zu den Organen zum Aufbringen des Auftaumittels hat.The invention relates to a method for de-icing carriageways, to which a thawing solution of thawing agent in water is applied to lower the freezing point, which, if appropriate mixed with rainwater and melt water, runs off the carriageway as thawing water, which is collected, optionally cleaned and after Testing of its thawing agent content is at least partially reused, if necessary by adding fresh thawing agent as the aqueous thawing solution, and on a device for carrying out the method, with organs attached along the carriageway to be de-iced for applying the thawing solution to the Roadway and drainage devices for collecting the defrost water from the roadway, which are connected via channels, a concentration sensor for the defrosting agent concentration and a switch controlled by the sensor on the one hand to a drain and on the other hand to a catch basin, which in turn like which has a connection to the organs for applying the thawing agent.
Eine solche Einrichtung und ein solches Verfahren sind be¬ kannt aus der WO 93/00481. Nach diesem Stand der Technik wird das von der Fahrbahn, insbesondere von Autobahnen, wieder ablaufende Tauwasser aufgefangen und, gegebenenfalls nach Zugabe von weiterem Auftaumittel oder hochkonzentrierter Auftaulösung, erneut auf die Fahrbahn aufgebracht, insbeson- dere automatisch über Düsen aufgesprüht. Reines Regenwasser, das von der Fahrbahn abläuft, kann jedoch auch unmittelbar in einen Vorfluter abgeleitet werden. Die Wiederverwertung des Tauwassers für neue Auftaulösung führt zu einer Ersparnis an neuem Auftaumittel und entlastet außerdem die Umwelt, die andernfalls durch den Gehalt des Tauwassers an Auftaumittel, insbesondere Salz, beansprucht wird. Allerdings hat sich erwiesen, daß für die Durchführung des bekannten Verfahrens doch verhältnismäßig viel neues Auftaumittel zugesetzt werden muß, um auf die erforderliche Konzentration zum Enteisen zu kommen. Bei Verwendung von Salz als Enteisungs ittel ist als Auftaumittel eine ca. 18 - 33 %ige wässerige Lösung erforder¬ lich. Vorzugsweise werden 22 - 25 %ige Lösungen verwendet. Das Tauwasser ist indessen durch hinzugekommenes Nieder- Schlags- und Schmelzwasser relativ verdünnt, ein großer Pro¬ zentsatz davon muß sogar unmittelbar in den Vorfluter abge¬ leitet werden, da sich die Wiederverwendung nicht lohnt.Such a device and such a method are known from WO 93/00481. According to this state of the art, the thawing water that runs off the carriageway, in particular of motorways, is collected and, if necessary after the addition of further defrosting agent or highly concentrated defrosting solution, reapplied to the carriageway, in particular which are sprayed on automatically via nozzles. However, pure rainwater that runs off the roadway can also be drained directly into a receiving water. The recycling of the thawing water for new thawing solution leads to a saving in new thawing agent and also relieves the environment, which would otherwise be used by the thawing water content of thawing agent, especially salt. However, it has been found that a relatively large amount of new thawing agent has to be added to carry out the known method in order to de-ic at the required concentration. When using salt as a deicing agent, an approx. 18-33% aqueous solution is required as the thawing agent. Preferably 22-25% solutions are used. The condensation is, however, relatively diluted by the addition of precipitation, melt and melt water, and a large percentage of it must even be drained off directly into the receiving water, since reuse is not worthwhile.
Demgegenüber soll durch die Erfindung eine bessere Verwertung des wiedergewinnbaren Auftaumittels erreicht werden. Dies geschieht dadurch, daß man die Lösungskonzentration des wie¬ derzuverwendenden Tauwassers vor dem Wiederaufbringen als Auftaulösung in einem Trennschritt, bei dem als Teilströme einerseits auftaumittelfreies oder -armes Wasser und anderer- seits eine höher konzentrierte Lösung entstehen, erhöht, und zwar vorzugsweise mit einer Einrichtung, bei der zwischen dem Auffangbecken und den Organgen zum Aufbringen des Auftau- mittels eine Konzentrationserhöhungsstufe für die Konzen¬ tration des Auftaumittels im als Auftaulösung wiederzuverwen- denden Tauwasser eingeschaltet ist, mit einer Ableitung für den andererseits in seiner Konzentration erniedrigten Anteil des Tauwassers. Durch diese Maßnahmen können höhere Anteile des Tauwassers im Kreislauf wiederverwendet werden.In contrast, the invention is intended to achieve a better utilization of the recoverable thawing agent. This is done by increasing the solution concentration of the thaw water to be reused before it is re-applied as a thawing solution in a separation step, in which partial streams of de-icing agent-free or low-water and on the other hand a more concentrated solution are produced, preferably with a device , in which a concentration increase step for the concentration of the thawing agent in the thawing water to be reused as thawing solution is switched on between the collecting basin and the oranges for applying the thawing agent, with a derivation for the portion of the thawing water, which on the other hand is reduced in its concentration. Through these measures, higher proportions of the defrost water in the circuit can be reused.
Trennschritte zur Erhöhung der Konzentration und entsprechen¬ de Vorrichtungen sind, zumeist für den Zweck der Entsalzung, an sich bekannt (z. B. Schwering "Wasser wird wieder Wasser", Firmenschrift der Gütling GmbH). Hierzu eignen sich die be- kanntenIonenaustauscher-Kreislaufanlagen, Entsalzungsanlagen und Filteranlagen mit Membranfiltration oder Ultrafiltration. Bei Vorschaltung beispielsweise mechanischer Filter, die Schmutz- und Schwebepartikel aus dem Tauwasser ausfiltern, eignen sich zur Entsalzung vorranig Anlagen, die nach dem Osmoseprinzip arbeiten. Mit Hilfe der bekannten derartigen Einrichtungen ist es leicht möglich, einerseits eine Lösung von nennenswerter Konzentration und andererseits nahezu salz¬ freies Wasser voneinander zu trennen, wobei die aufkonzen- trierte Lösung nicht mehr oder nur noch wenig durch weitere Zugaben verstärkt werden muß.Separation steps for increasing the concentration and corresponding devices are known per se, mostly for the purpose of desalination (eg Schwering "Water becomes water again", company name of Gütling GmbH). The suitable Known ion exchange circulation systems, desalination systems and filter systems with membrane filtration or ultrafiltration. If, for example, mechanical filters are installed upstream, which filter dirt and suspended particles from the condensation water, systems that work on the osmosis principle are suitable for desalination. With the known devices of this type, it is easily possible, on the one hand, to separate a solution of significant concentration and, on the other hand, almost salt-free water from one another, the concentrated solution no longer or only slightly having to be reinforced by further additions.
Mit herkömmlichen Entsalzungsanlagen können dem Tauwasser ca. 90 bis nahezu 100 % des Auftaumittels entzogen werden. Der Grad der Entsalzung und der damit erforderliche Aufwand kann unter Berücksichtigung der klimatischen Bedingungen, die für die Häufigkeit und Menge des Aufbringens von Auftaulösung auf die Fahrbahn maßgebend sind, und der Reinheitsanforderungen an das Abwasser, das in die Umwelt abgegeben wird, ausgewählt werden.With conventional desalination plants, approx. 90 to almost 100% of the thawing agent can be extracted from the defrost water. The degree of desalination and the effort required can be selected taking into account the climatic conditions that determine the frequency and quantity of thawing solution applied to the road and the purity requirements for the wastewater that is released into the environment.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eignet sich besonders gut für die Anwendung bei einer Fahrbahn, deren oberste Schicht aus Drain-Asphalt besteht, da bei derartigen Fahrbahndecken nur wenig Tauwasser und Schneematsch in die Umgebung verspritzt wird, sondern aufgrund der Porosität des Asphalts das Wasser auf der Fahrbahn versickert und weiter unten gesammelt wird.The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for use on a roadway, the top layer of which consists of drain asphalt, since only little condensation and slush is sprayed into the environment in such roadway surfaces, but because of the porosity of the asphalt, the water seeps away on the roadway and is collected below.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann sehr vorteilhaft ko bi- niert werden mit einer Prüfung der Schadstoffbelastung des Tauwassers, insbesondere der Belastung mit Öl, und einer Ableitung star1- belasteten Tauwassers bzw. einer Abtrennung der Schadstof beispielsweise in einem Ölabscheider oder, mit besserem ..osonderungseffekt, in einem Filter wie einem Mikrofilter. Mikrofilter haben größere Poren als Ultrafilter, jedoch ausreichend klein, um Öl zurückzuhalten. Außerdem kann auch normales Regen- bzw. Abwasser, das an der Fahrbahn an¬ fällt, einer Schadstoffbelasungsprüfung und gegebenenfalls einer entsprechenden nachfolgenden Behandlung bzw. Abtrennung unterzogen werden.The method according to the invention can be combined very advantageously with a test of the pollutant load in the condensation water, in particular the load with oil, and a discharge of star 1 -laden condensate water or a separation of the pollutant, for example in an oil separator or, with a better separation effect , in a filter like a microfilter. Microfilters have larger pores than ultrafilters, but are sufficiently small to retain oil. In addition, normal rainwater or wastewater that accumulates on the road can also be subjected to a pollutant exposure test and, if necessary be subjected to a corresponding subsequent treatment or separation.
Weitere Einzelheiten, Vorteile und Weiterbildungen der Erfin¬ dung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung eines bevor¬ zugten Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeich¬ nung. Die einzige Figur zeigt in Draufsicht eine Fahrbahn mit einer am Rand der Fahrbahn befindlichen Einrichtung zum auto¬ matischen Enteisen der Fahrbahn.Further details, advantages and developments of the invention result from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing. The single figure shows a top view of a roadway with a device located at the edge of the roadway for automatic deicing of the roadway.
Die Zeichnung zeigt eine Fahrbahn 1 mit Fahrbahnrändern 2 und entlang einem der Fahrbahnränder eingezeichneten Ablauf¬ schächten 3, die über Ablaufkanäle 4 mit einem gemeinsamen Entwässerungskanal 5 verbunden sind. Diese Installation ist entlang einem der Fahrbahnränder eingezeichnet, sie kann auch beidseitig oder bei Fahrbahnen mit Mittelstreifen auch drei¬ fach vorhanden sein. An der Oberfläche zwischen den Ablauf¬ schächten 3 sind zu diesen Ablaufschächten hinführende Sam¬ melrinnen 6 vorhanden. Diese Einrichtungen dienen dem Abzug des Tauwassers sowie auch von Regenwasser.The drawing shows a roadway 1 with roadway edges 2 and along one of the roadway edges drawn-in manholes 3, which are connected via drainage channels 4 to a common drainage channel 5. This installation is drawn along one of the edges of the carriageway; it can also be provided in triplicate on both sides or on carriageways with median strips. On the surface between the drain shafts 3 there are collecting channels 6 leading to these drain shafts. These facilities are used for the drainage of condensation and rainwater.
Weiterhin sind entlang der Fahrbahn Organe zum Aufbringen von Auftaulösung, nämlich Sprühdüsen 11 installiert, die über eine Verteilungsleitung 12 gespeist werden, welche wiederum über eine Leitung 13 mit Auftaulösung, nämlich im allgemeinen Salzlösung unter Druck, versorgt wird.Furthermore, organs for applying thawing solution, namely spray nozzles 11, are installed along the carriageway, which are fed via a distribution line 12, which in turn is supplied with thawing solution, namely generally saline solution under pressure, via a line 13.
Das von den Ablaufschachten 3 gesammelte Tauwasser, das außer der versprühten Auftaulösung auch Schmelzwasser und Nieder- schlagswasser enthält, wird nach entsprechender Aufbereitung teilweise als Auftaulösung wiederverwendet. Hierzu durchläuft es zunächst einen Sensor 18, der bei der dargestellten Aus¬ führung zugleich ein Sensor für die Schadstoffbelastung des Tauwassers, z. B. darin enthaltenes Öl, und außerdem für die Konzentration an Auftaumittel ist und zwei Weichen 19 und 20 steuert, von denen die Weiche 19 zuerst eingeschaltet ist und eine Schadstoffweiche ist, an deren einen Ausgang sich die Weiche 20 anschließt, die eine Lösungsweiche ist. Der erste Ausgang der Schadstoffweiche 19 führt zu einem Schadstoff- Auffangbecken 23, in dem stark mit Schadstoffen wie öl oder Chemikalien, die beispielsweise durch einen Unfall auf die Fahrbahn gelangt sind, gemischtes Wasser zum Zwecke der Ent- sorgung aufgefangen wird.The condensation water collected by the drainage chutes 3, which in addition to the sprayed thawing solution also contains melt water and precipitation water, is partially reused as a thawing solution after appropriate treatment. For this purpose, it first passes through a sensor 18, which in the embodiment shown is also a sensor for the pollution of the condensation water, e.g. B. oil contained therein, and also for the concentration of thawing agent and controls two switches 19 and 20, of which the switch 19 is first turned on and a pollutant switch, at one output of which the switch 20 connects, which is a solution switch. The first The outlet of the pollutant switch 19 leads to a pollutant collecting basin 23, in which water mixed with pollutants such as oil or chemicals that have got onto the roadway, for example due to an accident, is collected for the purpose of disposal.
Unbelastetes oder nur vernachläss_.gbar belastetes Tauwasser kommt zur Weiche 20, die vom Sensor 18 in Abhängi: =>it von der Auftaumittelkonzentration so gesteuert ist, daß aas hin- durchlaufende Tauwasser entweder, wenn die Konzentration niedriger als z. B. 0,05 % beträgt, in einen Vorfluter 21 abgelei-et wird, und, wenn die Konzentration über diesem Wert liegt, __;ι ein Tauwasser-Auffangbecken 24 geleitet wird. Bei der dargestellten Ausführung ist dem Tauwasser-Auffangbecken 24 wiederum ein Becken, nämlich ein Lösungs-Sammelbecken 25 nachgeschaltet, und zwar über eine Konzentrationserhöhungs- stufe 26. Das Becken 25 ist wesentlich kleiner als das Becken '4 und ist zum Schutz gegen das Eindringen von Niederschlags¬ wasser abgedeckt, es könnte auch ein Tank sein. Bei für Mit- teleuropa durchschnittlichen Winterwitterungsverhältnissen kann etwa erwartet werden, daß von '" m von den Ablaufschach¬ ten 3 gesammelten Tauwasser etwa ' % von der Weiche 20 in den Vorfluter abgeleitet werden und 30 % im Tauwasser-Auf¬ fangbecken 24 landen, wovon wiederum ca. 15 bis 20 %, alr- etwa 5 % des ursprünglichen Tauwassers, nach Durchlaufen der Konzentrationserhöhungsstufe 26 in das Lösungs-Sammelbecken 25 gelangen. Das Tauwasser-Auffangbecken 24 hat entsprechend eine Kapazität in der Größenordnung von 30 % der während der Winterεaison, also von November bis Februar, statistisch im betreffenden Gebiet und für die versorgte Straßenfläche zu erwartenden Wassermenge, während das Lösungs-Sammelbecken 25 eine Kapazität von etwa 1 bis 5 - _ser Wassermenge au weist. Bei der Verwendung von sc; _1 arbeitenden Entsa Zungseinrichtungen in der Konzentrationserhöhungsstufe 26, die eine hohe Durchfluß- und Entsalzungsrate ermöglichen, kann die Kapazität des Tauwasser-Auffangbeckens 24 und des Lösungs-Sammelbeckens 25 auch geringer ausgelegt sein, da nur geringere Flüssigkeitsmengen zwischengespeichert werden müs- sen.Unloaded or only negligible condensate water comes to the switch 20, which is controlled by the sensor 18 in dependence on the concentration of thawing agent in such a way that thawing water flowing through it either when the concentration is lower than z. B. 0.05%, is drained into a receiving water 21, and, if the concentration is above this value, __; ι a condensate collecting basin 24 is passed. In the embodiment shown, the condensate collecting basin 24 is in turn followed by a basin, namely a solution collecting basin 25, via a concentration increase stage 26. The basin 25 is considerably smaller than the basin '4 and is for protection against the ingress of Rain water covered, it could also be a tank. In the case of average winter weather conditions for Central Europe, it can be expected, for example, that about 20% of the condensation water collected from the discharge chutes 3 will be diverted from the switch 20 into the receiving water and 30% will end up in the condensation water collection basin 24, of which again approx. 15 to 20%, approximately 5% of the original condensation water, after passing through the concentration increase stage 26, reach the solution collecting basin 25. The condensation water basin 24 accordingly has a capacity in the order of 30% of that during the winter season, So from November to February, statistically in the area in question and the amount of water to be expected for the supplied road surface, while the solution collecting tank 25 has a capacity of about 1 to 5% of the amount of water Concentration level 26, which enables high flow and desalination rates, can increase capacity of the condensation water collecting basin 24 and the solution collecting basin 25 can also be designed to be smaller, since only smaller amounts of liquid have to be temporarily stored. sen.
Die genannten Prozentangaben sind nur als orientierendes Beispiel anzusehen werden, da sie stark schwanken können. Die zu bearbeitenden Tauwasseranteile hängen einerseits von den jeweiligen klimatischen Bedingungen ab, d. h. insbesondere von der Menge und Häufigkeit des Aufbringens von Auftaulö¬ sung, die aus den gegebenen Temperaturen und Niederschlags¬ mengen resultieren. Andererseits sind die Anforderungen, die an die Qualität des abzuleitenden Abwassers gestellt werden und sich nach den jeweiligen Umwelterfordernissen richten, maßgebend für den Grad der Entsalzung und den zulässigen Restbelastungswert des Abwassers.The percentages mentioned are only to be regarded as an example, since they can fluctuate widely. The proportion of condensation to be processed depends on the one hand on the respective climatic conditions, i. H. in particular on the amount and frequency of the application of thawing solution resulting from the given temperatures and amounts of precipitation. On the other hand, the requirements placed on the quality of the wastewater to be discharged and which are based on the respective environmental requirements, are decisive for the degree of desalination and the permissible residual value of the wastewater.
Die Konzentrationserhöhungsstufe 26 besteht aus einer han¬ delsüblichen Entsalzungsanlage, die vollkommen oder weit¬ gehend entsalztes Wasser über eine Ablaufleitung 31 in den Vorfluter abgibt und, im Fall der üblichen Wasserentsalzung als Rest, im vorliegenden Fall als das Nutzprodukt, eine konzentrierte Auftaumittellösung über eine Leitung 32 in das Lösungs-Sammelbecken 25 einleitet. Bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform enthält die Konzentrationserhöhungsstufe 26 außerdem noch ein der eigentlichen Entsalzungsstufe vorge¬ schaltetes Mikrofilter, das Öle und Fette ausfiltert und sie über eine Leitung 33 dem Schadstoff-Auffangbecken 23 zulei¬ tet. Kleinere mitgeführte Schadstoffmengen, die also noch nicht zu einem völligen Umschalten der Schadstoffweiche 19 führen, werden hier abgefiltert.The concentration increase stage 26 consists of a commercially available desalination plant which delivers completely or largely desalinated water via a drain line 31 into the receiving water and, in the case of the usual water desalination as a remainder, in the present case as the useful product, a concentrated de-icing agent solution via a line 32 introduces into the solution pool 25. In the embodiment shown, the concentration increase stage 26 also contains a microfilter connected upstream of the actual desalination stage, which filters oils and fats and supplies them to the pollutant collecting basin 23 via a line 33. Smaller amounts of pollutants carried, which do not yet lead to a complete switchover of the pollutant switch 19, are filtered off here.
Aus dem LÖsungs-Sammelbecken 25 wird bei ausreichend darin gesammelter Menge durch eine Saugpumpe 37 über eine Entnahme- leitung 38 Auftaulösung zunächst noch in einer nur grob ein¬ gestellten Konzentration entnommen und durchläuft einen wei¬ teren Sensor 39, der ein Mischventil 40 steuert, das der Auftaulösung je nach Bedarf aus einem Vorratstank 41 frisches Auftaumittel oder hochkonzentrierte Auftaumittellösung, oder aus einer Wasserleitung 42 wieder verdünnendes Wasser bei¬ mischt. Die Wasserbeimischung kann dann erforderlich sein. wenn die Konzentration der Auftaulösung temperaturabhängig eingestellt wird und die Konzentrationserhöhungsstufe 26 eine für maximal zu erwartende Kälte bestimmte Konzentration lie¬ fert.If the amount collected therein is sufficient by a suction pump 37 via a removal line 38, the thawing solution is initially only taken in a roughly adjusted concentration and passes through a further sensor 39 which controls a mixing valve 40 which the thawing solution, depending on requirements, from a storage tank 41 fresh thawing agent or highly concentrated thawing agent solution, or admixed water from a water pipe 42 again. It may then be necessary to add water. if the concentration of the thawing solution is adjusted as a function of temperature and the concentration increase stage 26 delivers a concentration intended for the maximum expected cold.
Bei einer nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform wird die ge¬ wünschte Konzentration der Auftaulösung unmittelbar im Lö- sungs-Sammelbecken 25 eingestellt, indem einerseits von der Konzentrationserhöhungsstufe 26 eine Lösung mit hoher Konzen- tration eingeleitet wird und andererseits je nach Bedarf eine bestimmte Menge von Auftaulösung niedriger Kon∑ ntration aus dem Tauwasser-Auffangbecken 24 über eine weitere Leitung in das Lösungs-Sammelbecken 25 eingeleitet wird.In one embodiment, which is not shown, the desired concentration of the thawing solution is set directly in the solution collecting basin 25, on the one hand by introducing a solution with a high concentration from the concentration increase stage 26 and on the other hand a certain amount of thawing solution of low concentration as required Tration ntration is introduced from the condensation water collecting basin 24 via a further line into the solution collecting basin 25.
Es ist möglich, die Beckenaufteilung noch weiter zu verfei¬ nern; beispielsweise kann in empfindlichen Gebieten wie Was¬ serschutzgebieten das durch die Weiche 20 und die Konzen¬ trationserhöhungsstufe 26 abgegebene Wasser nochmal einem Zwischenbecken eingegeben werden. Auch kann eine mehrstufige Konzentrationserhöhung durchgeführt werden, wobei von der Fahrbahn kommendes Tauwasser einer relativ hohen Auftaumit¬ telkonzentration unmittelbar in ein Becken mit bereits hö¬ herer Konzentrierungsstufe eingeleitet werden kann. Möglich wäre: Tauwasser unter 0,1 % Salzgehalt in das Abwasser zu geben, Tauwasser von 0,1 bis 1 % £ zgehalt in ein erstes Tauwasser-Auffangbecken mit niedriger Konzentration zu geben und Tauwasser, das von der Fahrbahn her schon über 1 % Auf- taumittel enthält, sogleich in eine zweite Stufe des Tau¬ wasser-Auffangbeckens zu geben. Die Konzentrationsstufe kann selbst in eine Kaskade von kleineren Stufen unterteilt sein.It is possible to further refine the pool division; For example, in sensitive areas such as water protection areas, the water released through the switch 20 and the concentration increase stage 26 can be re-entered into an intermediate pool. A multi-stage increase in concentration can also be carried out, with condensation water of a relatively high thawing agent concentration coming from the roadway being able to be introduced directly into a basin with an already higher concentration level. One possibility would be: defrost water below 0.1% Salzgeh a lt give in the wastewater, condensation of 0.1 to 1% £ zgehalt in a first giving and defrost water from the roadway been over 1 condensate-collecting tank with a low concentration % Contains defrosting agent, immediately in a second stage of the thawing water collecting basin. The concentration level itself can be divided into a cascade of smaller levels.
Bei einer weiteren nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform wird das von der Fahrbahn kommende Tauwasser grundsätzlich erst in das Schadstoff-Auffangbecken 23 eingeleitet. Von dort aus durchläuft es eine Reinigungseinheit, die Schadstoffe und Schmutzpartikel ausfiltert. Erst dann gelangt das vorbehan¬ delte Wasser in Abhängigkeit von der Konzentration an Auftau¬ mittel entweder in das Tauwasser-Auffangbekken 24 oder zum Vorfluter 21. Dadurch wird sichergestellt, daß keine Funk¬ tionsstörungen der Entsalzungsanlage durch Schmutz- oder Schadstoffanteile hervorgerufen werden.In a further embodiment, not shown, the condensation water coming from the carriageway is generally only introduced into the pollutant catch basin 23. From there, it passes through a cleaning unit that filters out pollutants and dirt particles. Only then does the pretreated water, depending on the concentration of thawing agent, either get into the thawing water collecting basin 24 or to Floodwater 21. This ensures that no malfunctions in the desalination plant are caused by dirt or pollutant components.
Schließlich ist es auch möglich, wenn keine Installation für Sprühdüsen 11 vorhanden ist oder das Lösungs-Sammelbecken 25 voll ist und momentan am Ort kein ausreichender Bedarf für eine sofortige Enteisung besteht, die bereitstehende Auftau- lösung in Tankfahrzeuge des Winterdienstes zu pumpen und mit deren Hilfe auf Fahrbahnabschnitte entsprechenden Bedarfs zu verteilen. Finally, it is also possible, if there is no installation for spray nozzles 11 or the solution collecting basin 25 is full and there is currently no sufficient need for immediate defrosting on site, to pump the available thawing solution into winter service tank vehicles and with their help to be distributed over sections of the road as required.

Claims

9Patentansprüche 9 Patent claims
1. Verfahren zum Enteisen von Fahrbahnen (1), auf die man eine Auftaulösung von Auftaumittel in Wasser zum Senken des Gefrierpunktes aufbringt, die gegebenenfalls ge¬ mischt mit Niederschlags- und Schmelzwasser als Tau¬ wasser von der Fahrbahn abläuft, das man auffängt und nach Prüfung seines Gehalts an Auftaumittel (in 18) zumindest teilweise wiederverwendet, indem man es gege- benenfalls nach Zugabe von frischem Auftaumittel erneut als die wässerige Auftaulösung aufbringt (über 11), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Lösungskonzentration des wiederzuverwenc :αden Tauwassers vor dem Wiederauf¬ bringen als Auftaulösung in einem Trennschritt, bei dem als Teilströme einerseits auftaumittelfreies oder -armes1. Process for de-icing roadways (1), to which a thawing solution of thawing agent in water is applied to lower the freezing point, which, if appropriate mixed with rainwater and meltwater, runs off the roadway as thawing water, which is collected and after Checking its thawing agent content (in 18) at least partially reused by applying it again, if necessary after adding fresh thawing agent, as the aqueous thawing solution (above 11), characterized in that the solution concentration of the thawed water is to be reused before the thawing again ¬ bring as a thawing solution in a separation step, in which as partial streams on the one hand free or low in thawing agents
Wasser (in 31) und andererseits eine höher konzentrierte Lösung (in 32) entstehen, erhöht (in 26).Water (in 31) and on the other hand a more concentrated solution (in 32) arise, increased (in 26).
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man den Trennschritt mit Hilfe eines Ionenaustauschs durchführt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that one carries out the separation step with the aid of an ion exchange.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man den Trennschritt mit Hilfe einer Filterung durch- führt.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that one carries out the separation step with the aid of a filtering.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, gekennzeich¬ net durch die Anwendung bei einer Fahrbahn, deren ober¬ ste Schicht aus Drain-Asphalt besteht.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, gekennzeich¬ net by the application on a roadway, the top layer of which consists of drain asphalt.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man im Strömungsverlauf zwischen dem Auffangen des Tauwassers (bei 3) und dessen Wiederauf¬ bringen als Auftaulösung (bei 11) eine Schadstoffabson- derung (in 19, 26) durchführt.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that one carries out a pollutant removal (in 19, 26) in the flow between collecting the thaw water (at 3) and bringing it up again as a thawing solution (at 11).
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Schadstoffabsonderung (in 19) vor dem Trenn- schritt (in 26) durchführt.6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the pollutant separation (in 19) before the separation step (in 26).
7. Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, mit entlang den zu enteisenden Fahrbahnen (1) angebrachten Organen (11) zum Aufbringen der Auftaulösung auf die Fahrbahn und Abzugseinrichtun¬ gen (3) zum Sammeln des Tauwassers von der Fahrbahn, die über Kanäle (4, 5), einen Konzentrationssensor (18) für die Auftaumittelkonzentration des Tauwassers und eine durch den Sensor gesteuerte Weiche (20) einerseits mit einer Ableitung (21) und andererseits mit einem Auffang¬ becken (24) verbunden sind, das seinerseits wiederum eine Verbindung zu den Organen (11) zum Aufbringen des Auftaumittels hat, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen dem Auffangbecken (24) und den Organen (11) zum Auf¬ bringen des Auftaumittels eine Konzentrationserhöhungs¬ stufe (26) für die Konzentration des Auftaumittels im als Auftaulösung wiederzuverwendenden Tauwasser einge¬ schaltet ist, mit einer Ableitung (31) für den anderer- seits in seiner Konzentration erniedrigten Anteil des7. Device for performing the method according to one of claims 1 to 6, along the roadways to be de-iced (1) attached organs (11) for applying the thawing solution to the roadway and deduction devices (3) for collecting the defrost water from the roadway which are connected via channels (4, 5), a concentration sensor (18) for the thawing agent concentration of the thawing water and a switch (20) controlled by the sensor on the one hand to a drain (21) and on the other hand to a collecting basin (24), which in turn has a connection to the organs (11) for applying the thawing agent, characterized in that between the collecting basin (24) and the organs (11) for applying the thawing agent a concentration increase step (26) for the concentration of the Thawing agent is switched on in the thawing water to be reused as a thawing solution, with a drain (31) for the one whose concentration is reduced Share of
Tauwassers.Condensation.
8. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Konzentrationserhöhungsstufe (26) ein weiteres Saπ- melbecken folgt.8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the concentration increase stage (26) is followed by a further collection tank.
9. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, daß die Konzentrationserhöhungsstufe (26) in eine Kaskade von Teil-Konzentrationserhöhungsstufen aufge- teilt ist.9. Device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that the concentration increase level (26) is divided into a cascade of partial concentration increase levels.
10. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein weiterer Konzentrationssensor (39), der zwischen der Konzentrationserhöhungsstufe (26) und den Organen (11) zum Aufbringen der Auftaulösung eingeschaltet ist, eine Einrichtung (40) zur Zuspeisung von Konzentrat und/oder Wasser steuert. 10. Device according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that a further concentration sensor (39), which is switched on between the concentration increase step (26) and the organs (11) for applying the thawing solution, a device (40) for feeding in Controls concentrate and / or water.
11. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Strömungsverlauf des Tau¬ wassers zwischen den Abzugseinrichtungen (3) und den Organgen (11) zum Aufbringen wenigstens ein Schadstoff- sensor (18) eingeschaltet ist.11. Device according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that in the flow of the thaw water between the extraction devices (3) and the oranges (11) for applying at least one pollutant sensor (18) is switched on.
12. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11 zur Durch¬ führung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Strömungsverlauf des Tau- wassers zwischen den Abzugεeinrichtungen (3) und den12. Device according to one of claims 7 to 11 for carrying out the method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that in the flow of the defrost water between the Abzugεeinrichtung (3) and
Organgen (11) zum Aufbringen wenigstens eine Schadstoff¬ weiche (19) eingeschaltet ist.Orange (11) for applying at least one noxious substance (19) is switched on.
13. Einrichtung nach dem auf Anspruch 11 rückbezogenen An- spruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der bzw. der erste Schadstoffsensor (18) und, von ihm gesteuert, die bzw. eine erste Schadstoffweiche (19) zwischen den Ab¬ zugseinrichtungen und der durch den Sensor (18) für die Auftaumittelkonzentration gesteuerten Weiche (20) einge- schaltet ist und ihrem Auslaß für schadstoffbelastetes13. Device according to claim 12, which relates to claim 11, characterized in that the or the first pollutant sensor (18) and, controlled by it, the or a first pollutant switch (19) between the exhaust devices and through the sensor (18) for the switch (20) controlled by the thawing agent concentration is switched on and its outlet for pollutants
Tauwasser ein SchadstoffSammelbecken (23) nachgeschaltet ist.Defrost water is connected to a pollutant collecting basin (23).
14. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Konzentrationserhöhungsstufe14. Device according to one of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that the concentration increase level
(26) mit einer Schadstoff-Abtrennstufe kombiniert ist und ihrem Auslaß für schadstoffbelastetes Tauwasser das bzw. ein SchadstoffSammelbecken (23) nachgeschaltet ist.(26) is combined with a pollutant separation stage and its outlet for contaminated condensate is followed by a pollutant collecting basin (23).
15. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Organe zum Aufbringen des Auftaumittels an Tankfahrzeugen sitzen und der Weg vom Ausgang der Konzentrationserhöhungsstufe zu diesen Orga¬ nen tankfüllungsweise über die Tanks der Fahrzeuge gege- ben ist. 15. Device according to one of claims 7 to 14, characterized in that the organs for applying the thawing agent sit on tank vehicles and the way from the exit of the concentration increase level to these organs is given by the tanks of the vehicles in terms of tank filling.
EP95918593A 1994-04-26 1995-04-24 Method and device for de-icing road carriageways involving the re-use of recovered thawing solution Expired - Lifetime EP0757736B1 (en)

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DE4414520A DE4414520C1 (en) 1994-04-26 1994-04-26 Method and device for de-icing roadways using reused thawing solutions
PCT/EP1995/001534 WO1995029296A1 (en) 1994-04-26 1995-04-24 Method and device for de-icing road carriageways involving the re-use of recovered thawing solution

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2188935A1 (en) 1995-11-02
DE4414520C1 (en) 1995-09-28
EP0757736B1 (en) 1998-04-08
WO1995029296A1 (en) 1995-11-02
DK0757736T3 (en) 1999-01-11
US5853262A (en) 1998-12-29
ATE164901T1 (en) 1998-04-15

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