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EP1247429B2 - Heating element with integrated heat safety device - Google Patents
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EP1247429B2 - Heating element with integrated heat safety device - Google Patents

Heating element with integrated heat safety device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1247429B2
EP1247429B2 EP01903905A EP01903905A EP1247429B2 EP 1247429 B2 EP1247429 B2 EP 1247429B2 EP 01903905 A EP01903905 A EP 01903905A EP 01903905 A EP01903905 A EP 01903905A EP 1247429 B2 EP1247429 B2 EP 1247429B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating element
fuse
thermal
heater device
electrical heater
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP01903905A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1247429A1 (en
EP1247429B1 (en
Inventor
Pascal Hantz
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SEB SA
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SEB SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0202—Switches
    • H05B1/0205—Switches using a fusible material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a shielded element type electric heating element and more particularly the integration of a thermal safety device to this element.
  • This protection element therefore corresponds to a fuse placed in series with the heating element in the tubular casing, requiring an intermediate connection. Furthermore, the confinement of the fuse within the heating element is a source of a possible re-ionization of the gas around the fuse when the latter is vaporized by overheating of the device, which can lead, within the insulating material, to close the electrical supply circuit that has just been opened. This possibility of malfunction of the safety device should be avoided as much as possible because its consequences can be serious.
  • a heating element 70 comprises a spiral resistor 72 contained in a first tube 71 in an insulating powder 73.
  • the spiral resistance 72 is held by two connecting pins 78a and 78b through two stopper beads 74a and 74b arranged in the ends of this first tube 71.
  • a thermal protection fuse 77 is housed between the bead 74b and a third end bead 76b arranged on a second tube 75 containing the first tube. This fuse is connected to the pin 78b and to a pin 78c connected to the power supply circuit.
  • a fourth bead 76a through which the pin 78a passes, closes the second tube.
  • the fuse is certainly not housed within the heating element, but it remains nonetheless confined between two capping beads, which does not completely eliminate the risk of re-ionization of the surrounding gas after triggering, the bead 76b constituting in particular a thermal brake.
  • the insertion of the fuse requires a specific connection. Overall, four beads and two tubes are thus necessary to obtain a heating element having a thermal fuse at one of its ends, which significantly increases the cost of the assembly.
  • the document DE 4243894 A1 discloses an electric heater consisting of a tubular casing, inside which is housed a heating element surrounded by an insulator, said heating element being connected to an electrical supply circuit by rods and connection pins said tubular casing comprising, at one end, a thermal fuse housed in a volume separate from that where the heating element is placed. The fuse is however confined in a closed volume by two capping beads.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art by providing an electric heating device consisting of a tubular envelope, inside which is housed a heating element surrounded by insulation, said heating element being connected to a power supply circuit by connection rods and pins, said tubular casing being provided with two cylindrical closure beads arranged at its ends, at least one of said beads, said specific bead, being in direct contact with the insulation surrounding the heating element, the specific bead having a recess therethrough axially, wherein is inserted a thermal fuse electrically connected in series with the heating element.
  • the recess comprises a narrowing at the end in connection with the inside of the tube, against which is positioned the fuse.
  • the heating element is spiral and mounted in tension in the tubular casing.
  • This configuration allows in particular corking beads, linked to the ends of the heating element, to be held by bearing on the ends of the tubular casing without specific piece.
  • the shrinkage formed in the recess makes it possible to position the fuse correctly and systematically in the recess, without any particular mechanical part. This also ensures the closure of the tube vis-à-vis the insulation surrounding the heating element.
  • the thermal fuse comprises a housing inside which is housed a compression spring exerting a pressure between, on the one hand, a thermal pellet situated at the outer end of the casing and in contact with an external connecting pin and, on the other hand, a first central sliding disc pushed in abutment against an internal connecting rod, and this against a restoring force exerted by an opening spring coaxial with the connecting rod.
  • the connecting rod is surrounded, within the thermal fuse, an isolator, also for centering and / or maintain the connection rod away from the fuse box.
  • the thermal pad is located at the end of the fuse box located outside the tubular casing.
  • the direct contact between the pellet and one of the external connection pins avoids the re-ionization of the gas produced during the melting of the pellet, in particular by allowing the rapid flow of the calories generated.
  • a heating device 1 is presented figure 2 in the form of what is commonly called armored resistance.
  • This device comprises a tubular envelope 2 inside which is housed a spiral heating element 4 surrounded by insulation 3, such as magnesia. Clogging beads of this insulator are arranged at each end of the tubular casing 2. At least one of these pearls, referred to as the specific pearl as will be detailed below, is in direct contact with the surrounding insulation 3. the spiral heating element 4, as it is perfectly visible figure 2 .
  • the two capping beads are in direct contact with said insulator.
  • the ends 6 of the heating element 4 are arranged, for example by welding, each around a cylindrical connection or a lug 8 serving to connect the heating element to the external power supply circuit.
  • This cylindrical connection is thus extended by an electric connecting rod 10.
  • the electrical connecting rod 10 passes through one of the capping beads in order to establish the electrical contact with the external supply circuit.
  • the second sealing bead, said specific bead 16 is cylindrical and has a recess 18 passing axially therethrough.
  • This recess is intended to receive a thermal fuse 20.
  • the fuse will be mounted in the recess with the minimum clearance.
  • the recess comprises a narrowed zone in its inner part, ie located on the side of the heating element, in the form for example of a cone 21.
  • This cone cooperates with the thermal fuse 20 also having a tapered portion 22 to prevent the latter from sliding towards the heating element.
  • the spiral heating element is mounted in tension in the tubular casing, so that the fuse undergoes a tensile force which tends to hold it against the conical portion 22 of the recess, ensuring both a plugging of the heating element, but also the maintenance of the fuse, and jointly the maintenance of the bead 16 on the tubular casing.
  • the thermal fuse 20 is connected in series with the heating element 4 via the connection rod 10. It is connected to the external power supply circuit via a pin 12 carrying a connector 14. This fuse thus makes the connection between the external electrical circuit and the inside of the tubular casing.
  • the fuse 20 may be housed either partially inside said casing, or wholly inside or totally outside said casing, depending on the thermal reaction characteristics desired for the casing. protection device.
  • This fuse makes it possible to cut the power supply of the heating element in the event of non-operation of the regulating element of the apparatus, causing overheating of the resistance.
  • the calibration of the fuse, as well as its position in the tubular casing 2 are adapted to the temperature obtained at the bead during overheating, lower temperature than in the heating element.
  • the thermal fuse 20 is detailed at Figures 3a and 3b which illustrate its state respectively before and after tripping, that is to say respectively in running state of operation and in state of cutoff.
  • the thermal fuse 20 comprises a housing 23 inside which is housed a thermal pellet 24 having the particularity of vaporizing when it is subjected to a given temperature, corresponding, in our case, to an overheating of the heating element .
  • This pellet is arranged at the outer end, that is to say the furthest from the heating element, so as not to have too much reactivity that could cause it to vaporize while the heating element n ' is not in a state of overheating.
  • the fuse comprises a first compression spring 28 mounted between two disks 26. One of these disks is in contact with the pellet 24, while the other provides the connection between this first spring 28 and a third disk 30 arranged against the restoring force of a second spring 32.
  • the disk 30 is in contact with the connecting rod 10 immobilized in the housing 23 by an insulator 34, particular help of recesses 38 on the connecting rod.
  • the spring 28 forces the inner disk 26 and the contact disk 30 against the end of the connecting rod 10 ensuring, by the thermal pad, the continuity of the power supply circuit.
  • the disc 30 is in the form of a star contact to ensure good electrical contact.
  • Other forms are also possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • the housing 23 has an opening 40 at the end where is housed the thermal pad, at the connection with the pin 12, allowing a direct contact between the pad 24 and the pin 12.
  • the housing is put in the open air by the cavity 18.
  • the thermal pellet volatilizes
  • the calories generated can mainly and rapidly dissipate, both by exchange with the ambient air, through the cavity 18, but also by conduction in the pin 12.
  • the risks of ionization are then very low, which gives great reliability to the device.
  • volatilization of the pellet causes the relaxation of the two springs 28 and 32 resulting in a mechanical equilibrium where in particular the disc 30 is no longer in contact with the connecting rod 10.
  • the electrical supply circuit of the heating element is then interrupted.
  • the use of a conventional thermal fuse to replace the usual connection terminal of the heating element, by integrating the thermal protection into the resistor also allows a direct temperature measurement by removing a diffuser, while making the inertia Thermal faster and more reliable.
  • the heating element is thus self-regulated.
  • the fuse is positioned in a single operation during the fixing of the sealing bead. It is therefore no longer a patch that requires additional steps for its integration into the heater. Assembly time and costs are reduced.

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  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to armoured heating elements. The invention specifically relates to a heating device (1) consisting of a tubular envelope, wherein a heating element (4) surrounded by insulation (3) is arranged, said heating element (4) is connected to an electric supply circuit by connecting (14) rods and pins (10,12) and said tubular envelope (2) is provided with two cylindrical sealing beads (16) arranged in the ends thereof, whereby at least one of the beads known as a specific bead (16) is in direct contact with the insulation (3) surrounding the heating element (4); The invention is characterized in that the specific bead (16) comprises an axially transversal recess (18), wherein a thermal fuse (20) is inserted and electrically and serially mounted with said heating element (4).

Description

La présente invention concerne un élément de chauffage électrique de type élément blindé et plus particulièrement l'intégration d'un dispositif de sécurité thermique à cet élément.The present invention relates to a shielded element type electric heating element and more particularly the integration of a thermal safety device to this element.

Dans le domaine des éléments chauffants de type blindé, c'est à dire comportant une enveloppe tubulaire à l'intérieur de laquelle est placé un élément chauffant noyé dans un isolant, il est connu, par le document DE 34 33 688 , un corps de chauffe tubulaire contenant une spirale de fil résistif chauffante entourée d'une poudre de matière isolante telle de la magnésie. Un élément de protection thermique est relié en série à la spirale chauffante à l'intérieur du tube. Cet élément de protection est une perle fusible qui, en cas de surchauffe, libère un ressort de compression permettant d'interrompre définitivement le circuit d'alimentation de la spirale chauffante.In the field of heating elements of the shielded type, that is to say having a tubular envelope inside which is placed a heating element embedded in an insulator, it is known from the document DE 34 33 688 , a tubular heating body containing a spiral of heating resistive wire surrounded by a powder of insulating material such as magnesia. A thermal protection element is connected in series with the heating coil inside the tube. This protective element is a fuse bead which, in case of overheating, releases a compression spring to permanently interrupt the supply circuit of the heating coil.

Cet élément de protection correspond donc à un fusible mis en série avec l'élément chauffant dans l'enveloppe tubulaire, nécessitant une connexion intermédiaire. Par ailleurs, le confinement du fusible au sein de l'élément chauffant est source d'une possible ré-ionisation du gaz autour du fusible lorsque ce dernier est vaporisé par une surchauffe du dispositif, pouvant conduire, au sein de la matière isolante, à refermer le circuit électrique d'alimentation venant d'être ouvert. Cette possibilité de dysfonctionnement du dispositif de sécurité doit être évitée autant que possible car ses conséquences peuvent être graves.This protection element therefore corresponds to a fuse placed in series with the heating element in the tubular casing, requiring an intermediate connection. Furthermore, the confinement of the fuse within the heating element is a source of a possible re-ionization of the gas around the fuse when the latter is vaporized by overheating of the device, which can lead, within the insulating material, to close the electrical supply circuit that has just been opened. This possibility of malfunction of the safety device should be avoided as much as possible because its consequences can be serious.

Le document JP 6267641 apporte un élément de réponse aux problèmes susmentionnés. L'élément chauffant présenté dans ce document est illustré figure 1. Ainsi un élément chauffant 70 comporte une résistance spiralée 72 contenue dans un premier tube 71 au sein d'une poudre isolante 73. La résistance spiralée 72 est maintenue par deux broches de connexion 78a et 78b au travers de deux perles de bouchage 74a et 74b agencées dans les extrémités de ce premier tube 71. Un fusible 77 de protection thermique est logé entre la perle 74b et une troisième perle 76b d'extrémité agencée sur un deuxième tube 75 contenant le premier tube. Ce fusible est connecté à la broche 78b ainsi qu'à une broche 78c reliée au circuit électrique d'alimentation. A son extrémité opposée, une quatrième perle 76a, traversée par la broche 78a assure le bouchage du second tube.The document JP 6267641 provides an element of response to the above problems. The heating element presented in this document is illustrated figure 1 . Thus a heating element 70 comprises a spiral resistor 72 contained in a first tube 71 in an insulating powder 73. The spiral resistance 72 is held by two connecting pins 78a and 78b through two stopper beads 74a and 74b arranged in the ends of this first tube 71. A thermal protection fuse 77 is housed between the bead 74b and a third end bead 76b arranged on a second tube 75 containing the first tube. This fuse is connected to the pin 78b and to a pin 78c connected to the power supply circuit. At its opposite end, a fourth bead 76a, through which the pin 78a passes, closes the second tube.

Dans ce dispositif, le fusible n'est certes pas logé au sein de l'élément chauffant, mais il n'en reste pas moins confiné entre deux perles de bouchage, ce qui ne supprime pas totalement les risques de ré-ionisation du gaz environnant après déclenchement, la perle 76b constituant notamment un frein thermique. De plus, l'insertion du fusible nécessite une connexion spécifique. Globalement, quatre perles et deux tubes sont ainsi nécessaires pour l'obtention d'un élément chauffant comportant un fusible thermique à l'une de ses extrémités, ce qui augmente de façon notable le prix de revient de l'ensemble.In this device, the fuse is certainly not housed within the heating element, but it remains nonetheless confined between two capping beads, which does not completely eliminate the risk of re-ionization of the surrounding gas after triggering, the bead 76b constituting in particular a thermal brake. In addition, the insertion of the fuse requires a specific connection. Overall, four beads and two tubes are thus necessary to obtain a heating element having a thermal fuse at one of its ends, which significantly increases the cost of the assembly.

Le document DE 4243894 A1 décrit un dispositif de chauffage éléctrique constitué d'une enveloppe tubulaire, à l'intérieur de laquelle est logé un élément chauffant entouré d'un isolant, ledit élément chauffant étant reliè à un circuit d'alimentation éléctrique par des tiges et des broches de connexion, ladite enveloppe tubulaire comprenant, à une extremité, un fusible thermique logé dans un volume séparé de celui où est placé l'élément chauffant. Le fusible est cependant confiné dans un volume fermé par deux perles de bouchage.The document DE 4243894 A1 discloses an electric heater consisting of a tubular casing, inside which is housed a heating element surrounded by an insulator, said heating element being connected to an electrical supply circuit by rods and connection pins said tubular casing comprising, at one end, a thermal fuse housed in a volume separate from that where the heating element is placed. The fuse is however confined in a closed volume by two capping beads.

Le but de la présente invention est de remédier aux inconvénients de l'art antérieur en présentant un dispositif de chauffage électrique constitué d'une enveloppe tubulaire, à l'intérieur de laquelle est logé un élément chauffant entouré d'isolant, ledit élément chauffant étant relié à un circuit d'alimentation électrique par des tiges et broches de connexion, ladite enveloppe tubulaire étant munie de deux perles de bouchage cylindriques agencées en ses extrémités, au moins l'une de ces perles, dite perle spécifique, étant en contact direct avec l'isolant entourant l'élément chauffant, la perle spécifique comportant un évidement la traversant axialement, dans lequel est inséré un fusible thermique monté électriquement en série avec l'élément chauffant.The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art by providing an electric heating device consisting of a tubular envelope, inside which is housed a heating element surrounded by insulation, said heating element being connected to a power supply circuit by connection rods and pins, said tubular casing being provided with two cylindrical closure beads arranged at its ends, at least one of said beads, said specific bead, being in direct contact with the insulation surrounding the heating element, the specific bead having a recess therethrough axially, wherein is inserted a thermal fuse electrically connected in series with the heating element.

Selon l'invention, l'évidement comporte un rétrécissement au niveau de l'extrémité en liaison avec l'intérieur du tube, contre lequel est positionné le fusible.According to the invention, the recess comprises a narrowing at the end in connection with the inside of the tube, against which is positioned the fuse.

Par cette disposition, on réduit le nombre d'éléments constitutifs puisqu'une perle assure à la fois le bouchage étanche de l'isolant entourant l'élément chauffant, mais également le maintien et la protection du boîtier du fusible. Ainsi, sans élément supplémentaire autre que l'enveloppe tubulaire et les deux perles de bouchage, il est permis de constituer, non seulement l'ensemble de chauffe, mais également l'adjonction d'un fusible thermique. Ce dispositif évite, par ailleurs, le câblage entre l'élément chauffant et le fusible au sein du dispositif, tout comme les moyens spécifiques de maintien et de protection du fusible dans le produit.By this arrangement, the number of constituent elements is reduced since a bead ensures both the sealing of the insulation surrounding the heating element, but also the maintenance and protection of the fuse box. Thus, without any additional element other than the tubular casing and the two capping beads, it is permitted to constitute not only the heating assembly, but also the addition of a thermal fuse. This device also avoids the wiring between the heating element and the fuse within the device, as do the specific means for holding and protecting the fuse in the product.

Avantageusement, l'élément chauffant est en spirale et monté en tension dans l'enveloppe tubulaire.Advantageously, the heating element is spiral and mounted in tension in the tubular casing.

Cette configuration permet notamment aux perles de bouchage, liées aux extrémités de l'élément chauffant, d'être maintenues en prenant appui sur les extrémités de l'enveloppe tubulaire sans pièce spécifique.This configuration allows in particular corking beads, linked to the ends of the heating element, to be held by bearing on the ends of the tubular casing without specific piece.

Conjointement à l'effet de traction exercé par l'élément spiralé, le rétrécissement réalisé dans l'évidement permet de positionner correctement et systématiquement le fusible dans l'évidement, sans pièce mécanique particulière. Ceci permet également d'assurer le bouchage du tube vis-à-vis de l'isolant entourant l'élément chauffant.In conjunction with the pulling effect exerted by the spiral element, the shrinkage formed in the recess makes it possible to position the fuse correctly and systematically in the recess, without any particular mechanical part. This also ensures the closure of the tube vis-à-vis the insulation surrounding the heating element.

Selon un mode de réalisation préférée de l'invention, le fusible thermique comporte un boîtier à l'intérieur duquel est logé un ressort de compression exerçant une pression entre, d'une part une pastille thermique située à l'extrémité externe du boîtier et en contact avec une broche de connexion externe et d'autre part un premier disque coulissant central poussé en appui contre une tige de liaison interne, et ceci contre une force de rappel exercée par un ressort d'ouverture coaxial à la tige de liaison.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the thermal fuse comprises a housing inside which is housed a compression spring exerting a pressure between, on the one hand, a thermal pellet situated at the outer end of the casing and in contact with an external connecting pin and, on the other hand, a first central sliding disc pushed in abutment against an internal connecting rod, and this against a restoring force exerted by an opening spring coaxial with the connecting rod.

Cette association permet, lorsque la pastille thermique est vaporisée, d'ouvrir le circuit électrique d'alimentation de l'élément chauffant, à l'aide des deux ressorts, de compression et d'ouverture, se détendant en emmenant le premier disque de contact, dans l'espace laissé libre par la pastille, donc hors de contact de la tige de liaison.This combination makes it possible, when the thermal pellet is vaporized, to open the electric circuit supplying the heating element, with the aid of the two springs, compression and opening, relaxing by taking the first contact disk , in the space left free by the pellet, so out of contact with the connecting rod.

Avantageusement, la tige de liaison est entourée, au sein du fusible thermique, d'un isolateur, permettant également de centrer et/ou de maintenir la tige de liaison à distance du boîtier du fusible.Advantageously, the connecting rod is surrounded, within the thermal fuse, an isolator, also for centering and / or maintain the connection rod away from the fuse box.

Avantageusement, la pastille thermique est située à l'extrémité du boîtier du fusible située hors de l'enveloppe tubulaire.Advantageously, the thermal pad is located at the end of the fuse box located outside the tubular casing.

Ceci permet une réactivité mieux contrôlée de la protection que constitue le fusible thermique, en l'éloignant légèrement de l'élément chauffant.This allows a better controlled reactivity of the protection that constitutes the thermal fuse, moving it slightly away from the heating element.

Par ailleurs, le contact direct entre la pastille et l'une des broches de connexion externe évite la ré-ionisation du gaz produit lors de la fusion de la pastille, notamment en permettant l'écoulement rapide des calories générées.Furthermore, the direct contact between the pellet and one of the external connection pins avoids the re-ionization of the gas produced during the melting of the pellet, in particular by allowing the rapid flow of the calories generated.

De plus, cette fuite thermique, toute relative par ailleurs, garantit également un meilleur vieillissement du fusible, évitant son déclenchement inopiné à une température plus basse que celle pour laquelle il a été étalonné.In addition, this thermal leakage, which is otherwise relative, also guarantees a better aging of the fuse, avoiding its unexpected triggering at a temperature lower than that for which it has been calibrated.

La présente invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui va suivre, en référence aux figures annexées, parmi lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 représente un état de l'art antérieur précédemment décrit,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe du dispositif de chauffage au niveau de l'extrémité de l'enveloppe tubulaire comportant le fusible thermique,
  • la figure 3a est une vue détaillée du fusible thermique dans un état de fonctionnement non déclenché,
  • la figure 3b est une vue détaillée identique à la vue 3a, mais après déclenchement de rupture dudit fusible.
The present invention will be better understood from the description which follows, with reference to the appended figures, among which:
  • the figure 1 represents a state of the prior art previously described,
  • the figure 2 is a sectional view of the heating device at the end of the tubular envelope comprising the thermal fuse,
  • the figure 3a is a detailed view of the thermal fuse in a non-tripped operating state,
  • the figure 3b is a detailed view identical to the view 3a, but after triggering rupture of said fuse.

Selon l'invention, un dispositif de chauffage 1 est présenté figure 2 sous la forme de ce qui est couramment appelé une résistance blindée. Ce dispositif comprend une enveloppe tubulaire 2 à l'intérieur de laquelle est logé un élément chauffant spiralé 4 entouré d'isolant 3, telle de la magnésie. Des perles de bouchage de cet isolant sont agencées en chaque extrémité de l'enveloppe tubulaire 2. Au moins l'une de ces perles, dite perle spécifique tel qu'il sera détaillé plus loin, est en contact direct avec l'isolant 3 entourant l'élément chauffant spiralé 4, tel qu'il est parfaitement visible figure 2. De préférence, les deux perles de bouchage sont en contact direct avec ledit isolant.According to the invention, a heating device 1 is presented figure 2 in the form of what is commonly called armored resistance. This device comprises a tubular envelope 2 inside which is housed a spiral heating element 4 surrounded by insulation 3, such as magnesia. Clogging beads of this insulator are arranged at each end of the tubular casing 2. At least one of these pearls, referred to as the specific pearl as will be detailed below, is in direct contact with the surrounding insulation 3. the spiral heating element 4, as it is perfectly visible figure 2 . Preferably, the two capping beads are in direct contact with said insulator.

Les extrémités 6 de l'élément chauffant 4 sont agencées, par exemple par soudage, chacune autour d'une connexion cylindrique ou d'une cosse 8 servant à relier l'élément chauffant au circuit extérieur d'alimentation électrique. Cette connexion cylindrique est ainsi prolongée par une tige de liaison électrique 10. A l'une des extrémités (non représentée) de l'enveloppe tubulaire 2, la tige de liaison électrique 10 traverse l'une des perles de bouchage afin d'établir le contact électrique avec le circuit d'alimentation extérieur.The ends 6 of the heating element 4 are arranged, for example by welding, each around a cylindrical connection or a lug 8 serving to connect the heating element to the external power supply circuit. This cylindrical connection is thus extended by an electric connecting rod 10. At one of the ends (not shown) of the tubular casing 2, the electrical connecting rod 10 passes through one of the capping beads in order to establish the electrical contact with the external supply circuit.

A l'autre extrémité de l'enveloppe tubulaire, la seconde perle de bouchage, dite perle spécifique 16 est cylindrique et comporte un évidement 18 la traversant axialement. Cet évidement est destiné à recevoir un fusible thermique 20. Préférentiellement, le fusible sera monté dans l'évidement avec le minimum de jeu.At the other end of the tubular casing, the second sealing bead, said specific bead 16 is cylindrical and has a recess 18 passing axially therethrough. This recess is intended to receive a thermal fuse 20. Preferably, the fuse will be mounted in the recess with the minimum clearance.

Par ailleurs, l'évidement comporte une zone rétrécie en sa partie interne, c'est à dire située du côté de l'élément chauffant, sous la forme par exemple d'un cône 21. Ce cône coopère avec le fusible thermique 20 présentant également une partie cônique 22 pour empêcher ce dernier de coulisser vers l'élément chauffant.Furthermore, the recess comprises a narrowed zone in its inner part, ie located on the side of the heating element, in the form for example of a cone 21. This cone cooperates with the thermal fuse 20 also having a tapered portion 22 to prevent the latter from sliding towards the heating element.

Par ailleurs, l'élément chauffant spiralé est monté en tension dans l'enveloppe tubulaire, de sorte que le fusible subit une force de traction qui tend à le maintenir contre la partie cônique 22 de l'évidement, assurant, à la fois un bouchage de l'élément chauffant, mais également le maintien du fusible, et conjointement le maintien de la perle 16 sur l'enveloppe tubulaire.Furthermore, the spiral heating element is mounted in tension in the tubular casing, so that the fuse undergoes a tensile force which tends to hold it against the conical portion 22 of the recess, ensuring both a plugging of the heating element, but also the maintenance of the fuse, and jointly the maintenance of the bead 16 on the tubular casing.

Le fusible thermique 20 est monté en série avec l'élément chauffant 4 par l'intermédiaire de la tige de liaison 10. Il est lié au circuit extérieur d'alimentation électrique par l'intermédiaire d'une broche 12 portant un connecteur 14. Ce fusible fait ainsi le lien entre le circuit électrique extérieur et l'intérieur de l'enveloppe tubulaire.The thermal fuse 20 is connected in series with the heating element 4 via the connection rod 10. It is connected to the external power supply circuit via a pin 12 carrying a connector 14. This fuse thus makes the connection between the external electrical circuit and the inside of the tubular casing.

Par rapport à l'enveloppe tubulaire 2, le fusible 20 peut être logé soit partiellement à l'intérieur de ladite enveloppe, soit totalement à l'intérieur ou totalement à l'extérieur de ladite enveloppe, selon les caractéristiques de réaction thermique souhaitées pour le dispositif de protection.With respect to the tubular casing 2, the fuse 20 may be housed either partially inside said casing, or wholly inside or totally outside said casing, depending on the thermal reaction characteristics desired for the casing. protection device.

Ce fusible permet en effet de couper l'alimentation électrique de l'élément chauffant en cas de non fonctionnement de l'élément régulateur de l'appareil, provoquant une surchauffe de la résistance.This fuse makes it possible to cut the power supply of the heating element in the event of non-operation of the regulating element of the apparatus, causing overheating of the resistance.

La calibration du fusible, ainsi que sa position dans l'enveloppe tubulaire 2 sont adaptées à la température obtenue au niveau de la perle lors d'une surchauffe, température plus faible qu'au sein de l'élément chauffant.The calibration of the fuse, as well as its position in the tubular casing 2 are adapted to the temperature obtained at the bead during overheating, lower temperature than in the heating element.

Le fusible thermique 20 est détaillé aux figures 3a et 3b qui illustrent son état respectivement avant et après déclenchement, c'est à dire respectivement en état passant de fonctionnement et en état de coupure.The thermal fuse 20 is detailed at Figures 3a and 3b which illustrate its state respectively before and after tripping, that is to say respectively in running state of operation and in state of cutoff.

Ainsi, figure 3a, le fusible thermique 20 comporte un boîtier 23 à l'intérieur duquel est logée une pastille thermique 24 présentant la particularité de se vaporiser lorsqu'elle est soumise à une température donnée, correspondant, dans notre cas, à une surchauffe de l'élément chauffant.So, figure 3a , the thermal fuse 20 comprises a housing 23 inside which is housed a thermal pellet 24 having the particularity of vaporizing when it is subjected to a given temperature, corresponding, in our case, to an overheating of the heating element .

Cette pastillé est agencée à l'extrémité externe, c'est à dire la plus éloignée de l'élément chauffant, de sorte à ne pas présenter une trop grande réactivité qui pourrait l'amener à se vaporiser alors que l'élément chauffant n'est pas dans un état de surchauffe.This pellet is arranged at the outer end, that is to say the furthest from the heating element, so as not to have too much reactivity that could cause it to vaporize while the heating element n ' is not in a state of overheating.

Afin d'interrompre le circuit d'alimentation électrique de l'élément chauffant, le fusible comporte un premier ressort de compression 28 monté entre deux disques 26. L'un de ces disques est en contact avec la pastille 24, tandis que l'autre assure la liaison entre ce premier ressort 28 et un troisième disque 30 agencé contre la force de rappel d'un second ressort 32. Le disque 30 est en contact avec la tige de liaison 10 immobilisée dans le boîtier 23 par un isolateur 34, à l'aide notamment de décrochements 38 sur la tige de liaison.In order to interrupt the power supply circuit of the heating element, the fuse comprises a first compression spring 28 mounted between two disks 26. One of these disks is in contact with the pellet 24, while the other provides the connection between this first spring 28 and a third disk 30 arranged against the restoring force of a second spring 32. The disk 30 is in contact with the connecting rod 10 immobilized in the housing 23 by an insulator 34, particular help of recesses 38 on the connecting rod.

A l'état non déclenché, le ressort 28 contraint le disque 26 interne et le disque de contact 30 contre l'extrémité de la tige de liaison 10 assurant, par la pastille thermique la continuité du circuit d'alimentation électrique.In the non-triggered state, the spring 28 forces the inner disk 26 and the contact disk 30 against the end of the connecting rod 10 ensuring, by the thermal pad, the continuity of the power supply circuit.

De ce fait, le disque 30 se présente sous la forme d'un contact en étoile afin d'assurer un bon contact électrique. D'autres formes sont également possibles sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention.As a result, the disc 30 is in the form of a star contact to ensure good electrical contact. Other forms are also possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Par ailleurs, le boîtier 23 comporte une ouverture 40 à l'extrémité où est logée la pastille thermique, au niveau de la connexion avec la broche 12, permettant un contact direct entre la pastille 24 et la broche 12. De plus, au niveau de cette connexion le boîtier est mis à l'air libre par la cavité 18.Furthermore, the housing 23 has an opening 40 at the end where is housed the thermal pad, at the connection with the pin 12, allowing a direct contact between the pad 24 and the pin 12. In addition, at the level of this connection the housing is put in the open air by the cavity 18.

Ainsi, lorsque la pastille thermique se volatilise, les calories générées peuvent principalement et rapidement se dissiper, à la fois par échange avec l'air ambiant, grâce à la cavité 18, mais également par conduction dans la broche 12. Les risques d'ionisation sont alors très faibles, ce qui procure une grande fiabilité au dispositif.Thus, when the thermal pellet volatilizes, the calories generated can mainly and rapidly dissipate, both by exchange with the ambient air, through the cavity 18, but also by conduction in the pin 12. The risks of ionization are then very low, which gives great reliability to the device.

La volatilisation de la pastille entraîne la détente des deux ressorts 28 et 32 aboutissant à un équilibre mécanique où notamment le disque 30 n'est plus en contact avec la tige de liaison 10. Le circuit d'alimentation électrique de l'élément chauffant est alors interrompu.The volatilization of the pellet causes the relaxation of the two springs 28 and 32 resulting in a mechanical equilibrium where in particular the disc 30 is no longer in contact with the connecting rod 10. The electrical supply circuit of the heating element is then interrupted.

L'utilisation d'un fusible thermique classique en remplacement de la borne de connexion habituelle de l'élément chauffant, en intégrant la protection thermique dans la résistance permet en outre une prise de température directe en supprimant un diffuseur, tout en rendant l'inertie thermique plus rapide et plus fiable. L'élément chauffant est ainsi auto-régulé.The use of a conventional thermal fuse to replace the usual connection terminal of the heating element, by integrating the thermal protection into the resistor also allows a direct temperature measurement by removing a diffuser, while making the inertia Thermal faster and more reliable. The heating element is thus self-regulated.

De plus, par la présente invention, le fusible est positionné en une seule opération lors de la fixation de la perle de bouchage. Il ne s'agit donc plus d'une pièce rapportée qui demande des étapes supplémentaires pour son intégration au sein du dispositif de chauffe. Le temps de montage et les coûts sont ainsi réduits.In addition, by the present invention, the fuse is positioned in a single operation during the fixing of the sealing bead. It is therefore no longer a patch that requires additional steps for its integration into the heater. Assembly time and costs are reduced.

Claims (5)

  1. An electrical heater device (1) constituted by a tubular case (2) receiving a heating element (4) surrounded by insulation (3), said heating element (4) being connected to an electrical power supply circuit via connection rods and pins (10, 12, 14), said tubular case (2) being provided with two cylindrical plugging beads disposed at its ends, at least one of the beads, referred to as a "special" bead (16), being in direct contact with the insulation (3) surrounding the heating element (4), the special bead (16) including a recess (18) passing axially through it and receiving a thermal fuse (20) connected electrically in series with the heating element (4), the device being characterized it that the recess (18) includes a narrow portion (21) at its end in connection with the inside of the tube, against which the fuse (20) is positioned.
  2. An electrical heater device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating element (4) is spiral-wound and is mounted under tension within the tubular case (2).
  3. An electrical heater device (1) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the thermal fuse (20) comprises a cartridge (23) receiving a compression spring (28) exerting pressure between a thermal pellet (24) situated at the outside end of the cartridge and in contact with an external connection pin (12), and a central sliding disk (26) urged to bear against an internal connection rod (10) against a return force exerted by an opening spring (32) disposed coaxially about the connection rod (10).
  4. An electrical heater device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the connection rod (10) is surrounded within the thermal fuse (20) by an insulator (34).
  5. An electrical heater device (1) according to claim 3 or claim 4, characterized in that the thermal pellet (24) is situated at the end of the fuse cartridge that is situated outside the tubular case (2).
EP01903905A 2000-01-13 2001-01-10 Heating element with integrated heat safety device Expired - Lifetime EP1247429B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0000415A FR2803976B1 (en) 2000-01-13 2000-01-13 HEATING ELEMENT WITH INTEGRATION OF A THERMAL SAFETY DEVICE
FR0000415 2000-01-13
PCT/FR2001/000065 WO2001052601A1 (en) 2000-01-13 2001-01-10 Heating element with integrated heat safety device

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1247429A1 EP1247429A1 (en) 2002-10-09
EP1247429B1 EP1247429B1 (en) 2003-05-07
EP1247429B2 true EP1247429B2 (en) 2009-07-08

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01903905A Expired - Lifetime EP1247429B2 (en) 2000-01-13 2001-01-10 Heating element with integrated heat safety device

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US6710310B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1247429B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE240027T1 (en)
AU (1) AU3186601A (en)
DE (1) DE60100257T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2198395T5 (en)
FR (1) FR2803976B1 (en)
PT (1) PT1247429E (en)
WO (1) WO2001052601A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE50110692D1 (en) * 2001-01-24 2006-09-21 Leister Process Tech Hot air device
JP2003317589A (en) * 2002-04-24 2003-11-07 Nec Schott Components Corp Thermosensitive pellet type thermal fuse
US6887258B2 (en) * 2002-06-26 2005-05-03 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Embolic filtering devices for bifurcated vessels
JP4471203B2 (en) * 2003-10-28 2010-06-02 エヌイーシー ショット コンポーネンツ株式会社 Temperature-sensitive pellet type temperature fuse and method of manufacturing temperature-sensitive pellet
JP4375738B2 (en) 2004-09-17 2009-12-02 エヌイーシー ショット コンポーネンツ株式会社 Temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse
JP4521725B2 (en) * 2005-03-17 2010-08-11 エヌイーシー ショット コンポーネンツ株式会社 Thermal pellet type thermal fuse
JP4583228B2 (en) * 2005-04-18 2010-11-17 エヌイーシー ショット コンポーネンツ株式会社 Thermal pellet type thermal fuse
US7843307B2 (en) * 2007-10-05 2010-11-30 Nec Schott Components Corporation Thermal fuse employing thermosensitive pellet
ITVE20080012U1 (en) * 2008-04-24 2009-10-24 D H E S R L HEAT EXCHANGER FOR FLUIDS.
IT1391845B1 (en) * 2008-11-03 2012-01-27 Irca Spa HEAT EXCHANGER WITH THERMAL PROTECTION
CH711968A1 (en) 2015-12-28 2017-06-30 C3 Casting Competence Center Gmbh Heater.

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001052601A1 (en) 2001-07-19
AU3186601A (en) 2001-07-24
PT1247429E (en) 2003-09-30
ES2198395T5 (en) 2009-11-27
DE60100257D1 (en) 2003-06-12
ES2198395T3 (en) 2004-02-01
ATE240027T1 (en) 2003-05-15
EP1247429A1 (en) 2002-10-09
EP1247429B1 (en) 2003-05-07
DE60100257T3 (en) 2010-01-14
US20030010772A1 (en) 2003-01-16
DE60100257T2 (en) 2004-04-01
FR2803976A1 (en) 2001-07-20
FR2803976B1 (en) 2002-05-17
US6710310B2 (en) 2004-03-23

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