EP1444713B2 - Power switch - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a circuit breaker with a movable contact piece in an axial direction and with a switching case in the axial direction moving quenching gas flow which is coaxially surrounded by a flow deflecting device in a lateral surface at least one outflow opening for deflecting at least a portion of Extinguishing gas flow in an outflow direction.

Such a circuit breaker is for example from the Patent DE 199 53 560 C1 known. There, a circuit breaker is described, the interrupter unit is disposed within a capsule housing. When a switch-off operation of the breaker unit of the circuit breaker possibly resulting extinguishing gas is there continued partly within a hollow contact tube of the switching path. At the end of the hollow contact tube facing away from the switching path, the contact tube has outlet openings, from which the extinguishing gas emerges. The quenching gas exits into a space which is delimited by a flow-deflecting device. The local flow deflection device is essentially cylindrical and has discharge openings in its lateral surface. Through these outflow openings, the quenching gas can escape from the space delimited by the flow-deflecting device and into which the volumetric gas-filled volume surrounding the breaker unit of the circuit breaker flows. Such a circuit breaker is also from the document JP 58 071 524 A known.

In order to steer the extinguishing gas emerging from the outflow openings into a specific outflow direction, deflecting hoods are assigned to the outflow openings. These deflecting hoods redirect the escaping extinguishing gas in an axial direction of the interrupter unit. This deflection is necessary to prevent direct flow of the encapsulating by the quenching gas. With such a flow there would be the danger of a weakening of a gas insulation.

The assignment of the deflection hoods to the outflow openings represents a technically complex construction, because the deflecting hoods are assigned to each outflow opening individually and each deflecting hood is to be individually fastened to the flow deflecting device. Due to the relatively complicated arrangement of outflow openings and deflection hoods to each other, a simple production method, such as a casting process, for such an arrangement is not available.

The present invention has the object, a circuit breaker of the type mentioned in such a way that the steering of the emerging from an outflow extinguishing gas is optimized.

According to the invention the object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

By a tangential outflow direction to the lateral surface, the distance available for outflow is extended. In a complicated, unevenness and fissures having lateral surface of the flow deflecting a corresponding jacket is to determine the tangential direction to determine the corresponding favorable tangential direction. A tangential direction is also to be understood as meaning directions which deviate from a mathematically exact tangential by up to 45 ° within the azimuthal plane. With appropriate dimensioning the use of Umlenkhauben, which are associated with the outflow openings, not necessary. This results in a reduction of the necessary components and in addition to a simplified steering of the extinguishing gas thus a reduction in manufacturing costs. Due to the simplified design now also simple casting techniques for the production of the flow deflecting device can be used. By milling, drilling or other suitable technique, the outflow openings can be introduced into the lateral surface. In addition to the simplified steering of the quenching gas, an improved turbulence of the quenching gas is still achievable.

It is particularly advantageous if two outflow directions of two outflow openings intersect each other. In the intersection region of the outflow directions, an intensive turbulence of the extinguishing gas streams takes place with one another and optionally with cool insulating gas. Furthermore, the quenching gas flow is slowed down by the turbulence after emerging from the flow deflecting device.

An advantageous embodiment may further provide that the flow-deflecting device has on the lateral surface a protrusion and / or a recess, on whose flanks the first and / or the second outflow opening are arranged.

By arranging the outflow openings on the flanks of the elevations or depressions, a favorable allocation of the first and the second outflow opening to one another is made possible, so that an overlapping of the outflow directions of the individual outlet openings can be achieved with simple means.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the first and / or the second outflow direction are arranged perpendicular to the lateral surface areas directly surrounding the first and / or the second outflow opening.

As already described, with such an arrangement of the outflow openings with respect to the lateral surface areas, favorable conditions for the directional effects of the outflow openings also arise here. The escaping quenching gas is bundled and can be easily aligned to a specific area. Unintentional scattering of the extinguishing gas jet is thus minimized.

Advantageously, it can further be provided that the survey / -en and / or the depression / -en ring-shaped and / or interrupted ring around the axial direction.

In the case of an annular or annularly interrupted arrangement of the elevations and / or depressions, an uneven structure of the lateral surface of the flow-deflecting device results, as a result of which the quenching gas flowing off in the axial direction is very intensively entangled. The uneven structure can cause both a swirling of the extinguishing gas inside the flow-deflecting device and after leaving the flow-deflecting device.

As an advantageous embodiment can continue be provided that the survey / -en and / or the recess / -en extend substantially web-like or channel-like in the axial direction.

In the case of an axial extension of the web-like or channel-like elevations or depressions, favorable possibilities arise along the elevations or depressions along axially extending side surfaces to arrange the outflow openings. Due to the elongated extent, a plurality of openings can be arranged next to one another in the axial direction, whereby the amount of outflowing extinguishing gas is advantageously distributed along the axial extent. In addition, it can be provided that the elevations and / or depressions additionally support the turbulence of extinguishing gas emerging from the outlet openings. In support of the outlet openings additional Verwirbelungskörper or baffles may be assigned to influence the quenching gas flow.

In the following the invention will be shown with reference to an embodiment in a drawing and described in more detail below.

Figur 1

einen Schnitt durch einen schematisch dargestellten druckgasisolierten Leistungsschalter, die

Figur 2

einen Schnitt durch eine Strömungslenkeinrichtung und ein Kapselungsgehäuse des druckgasisolierten Leistungsschalters, die

Figur 3

eine schematische Darstellung einer Löschgasverwirbelung, die

Figur 4

eine Seitenansicht einer Strömungslenkeinrichtung in einer ersten Ausgestaltungsvariante, die

Figur 5

die Seitenansicht einer Strömungslenkeinrichtung in einer zweiten Ausgestaltungsvariante, die

Figur 6

die Seitenansicht einer Strömungslenkeinrichtung in einer dritten Ausgestaltungsvariante.

It shows the

FIG. 1

a section through a schematically illustrated gas-insulated circuit breaker, the

FIG. 2

a section through a flow deflecting device and a capsule housing of the gas pressure-insulated circuit breaker, the

FIG. 3

a schematic representation of a quenching gas Verwirung, the

FIG. 4

a side view of a flow deflecting device in a first embodiment variant, the

FIG. 5

the side view of a flow deflecting device in a second embodiment variant, the

FIG. 6

the side view of a flow deflecting device in a third embodiment variant.

The Indian FIG. 1 shown circuit breaker 100 has an encapsulating housing 101. The encapsulating housing 101 may be made of an electrically conductive material or of an electrically insulating material. In the interior of the encapsulating housing 101, an interrupter unit 102 of the circuit breaker 100 is arranged. The encapsulating housing 101 is filled with an insulating gas, for example SF ₆ . The interrupter unit 102 has a contact set 103. The contact set 103 has a fixed rated current contact 104 and a movable rated current contact 105. Furthermore, a fixed arc contact 106 and a movable arcing contact 107 are provided. Both the movable rated current contact 105 and the movable arcing contact 107 are movable in an axial direction. The lower half of the FIG. 1 shows the contact set 103 in the on state, the upper half of FIG. 1 shows the contact set 103 during a shutdown process. The movable arc contact 107 is of tubular design, so that during a switch-off process by a possibly burning arc 108 resulting extinguishing gas within the movable arc contact 107 from the switching path of the contact set 103 can be dissipated. At the end remote from the contact set 103 of the movable arc contact 107 outlet openings 109, 110 are provided, from which the quenching gas can escape into a space which is surrounded by a flow deflecting device 1. The arrangement of the flow deflector 1 is not limited to the range of the contact set 103 applied to the end of the movable arcing contact 107. Alternatively or additionally, such a flow-deflecting device can also be provided in the region of the fixed rated-current contact 104 in order to redirect the quenching gas flowing out in its direction there.

The FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the flow deflecting device 1 and the encapsulating 101.

The flow-deflecting device 1 has a substantially circular cross-section. In their interior several tabs 4a, b, c, d, e, f are arranged. The tabs 4a, b, c, d, e, f serve both the mechanical support of the flow-deflecting device 1 on the interrupter unit 102 and the electrical contacting of the interrupter unit 102. The cylindrical base body of the flow-directing device 1 has a plurality of elevations 5a, b, c, d , e, f on. The elevations 5a, b, c, d, e, f are essentially formed by a widening of certain sections of the lateral surface of the cylindrical base body, with respect to the cylinder longitudinal axis 6 radially outward. The transitions from the original cylinder jacket to the radially outwardly flared regions are formed by oblique flanks 7a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l. The oblique flanks 7a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l each have outflow openings 10a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k , l for steering at least a portion of extinguishing gas generated in the interrupter unit 102. Each outflow opening 10a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l directs a portion of the quenching gas in an outflow direction. The outflow directions are each arranged such that they are directed perpendicular to the respective oblique flanks 7a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l. The outflow directions of respective proportions of the quenching gas are in the FIG. 3 symbolized by arrows. Due to the selected position of the outflow openings 10a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l to each other, each intersect the outflow directions of two opposing outflow openings adjacent surveys. It is thereby achieved that the extinguishing gas is conveniently mixed after passing through the respective outflow openings. This mixing is schematically in the FIG. 3 shown.

One in the FIG. 4 illustrated first variant of a flow deflecting device 1a shows a side view. Equally effective arrangements are provided in the figures with the same reference numerals. On the first variant of the flow deflecting device 1a, a connecting piece 16 is formed for connecting an electrical conductor. The first variant of the flow directing device 1a has a cylindrical basic shape, on the lateral surface of which a plurality of elevations 5a, b, c, d are arranged. The elevations 5a, b, c, d extend web-shaped along the axial direction. As in all the variants described, one end of the first variant of the flow-deflecting device 1a is closed in order to remove the extinguishing gas injected into the first variant of the flow-deflecting device 1a through outflow openings 10b, c, d, f arranged in the elevations 5a, b, c, d to let flow out. In the first variant of the flow deflecting device 1a, the elevations 5a, b, c, d have a truncated pyramidal outer shape. In the side surfaces (flanks) of the truncated pyramids a plurality of outflow openings 10b, c, d, f are arranged. The outflow openings 10b, c, d, f are formed in the first variant of the flow deflecting device 1a as a slot. It can be provided that in each case two outflow openings 10c, d of two adjacent elevations 5b, c are respectively assigned directly opposite one another and the outflow directions of the respectively directly assigned outflow openings 10c, d intersect. The in the FIG. 5 illustrated second variant of a flow deflector 1b has on its cylindrical surface a plurality of recesses 11a, b, c, d. In the flanks of the recesses 11a, b, c, d are further outflow openings 12a, b, c, d, e, f arranged. The outflow directions of the directly opposite in a recess 11c outflow openings 12d, e are directed so that they intersect. The in the FIG. 6 illustrated third variant of a flow deflector 1c shows, by way of example, further possible design variants of the elevations or depressions. The elevations or depressions can be arranged for example in a variety of different forms on the lateral surface of a flow deflecting device. The formation of the respective outflow openings can be very variable, for example, circular, oval or other suitable shapes and, for example, as a vertical or oblique bore / milling. If the bores / millings are introduced at an obtuse or acute angle into the lateral surface of a flow-deflecting device, this "bevel" causes the outflow openings to discharge the extinguishing gas into certain outflow directions independently of the design of the lateral surface. In addition to the described truncated pyramidal elevations or depressions and other forms can be used advantageously. Favorable forms are, for example: the shape of a spherical cap 13a, b, a tetrahedral stump 14 or an otherwise polygonal body 15. In order to obtain a favorable dielectric shape, the body edges and body edge transitions to other surfaces are rounded off.

Regardless of the individual variants of the flow-deflecting device, all described elevations can also be embodied as corresponding depressions and vice versa and can be combined with swirling bodies or baffle plates.

Claims (3)

1. Circuit breaker (100) having a contact piece (105, 107) which can move in an axial direction and having a flow of quenching gas which, in the event of the breaker operating, moves in the axial direction and which is coaxially surrounded by a flow-deflecting device (1, 1a,b,c,d) having a cylindrical base body, which has a first and a second outflow opening (10a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l; 19a,b,c,d, e,f) in an outer surface for the purpose of deflecting at least some of the flow of quenching gas in a first and in a second outflow direction (10a,b,c, d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l; 19a,b,c,d,e,f), the outflow directions of the outflow openings intersecting one another and at least one of the outflow directions being directed tangentially with respect to the outer surface and essentially transversely to the axial direction, characterized in that some of the flow of quenching gas emerging from the first outflow opening (10a,c,e,g,i,k; 19a,b,c) is deflected towards some of the flow of quenching gas emerging from the second outflow opening (10b,d,e,f,h,j, l; 19d,e,f), and the flows of quenching gas intersect one another, the flow-deflecting device (1, 1a,b,c) having a protuberance (5a,b,c,d,e,f, 16, 17) and/or a depression (11a,b,c,d) on the outer surface, the first and/or the second outflow openings (10a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l; 19a,b,c,d,e,f) being arranged on the flanks of said protuberance (5a,b,c,d,e,f, 16, 17) and/or depression (11a,b,c,d) .
2. Circuit breaker (100) according to Claim 1 characterized in that the first and/or the second outflow directions (10a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l; 19a,b,c,d,e,f) are arranged perpendicular to the outer surface regions immediately surrounding the first and/or the second outflow openings.
3. Circuit breaker according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the protuberance(s) (5a,b,c,d,e,f) and/or the depression(s) (11a,b,c,d) extend essentially in the axial direction in the manner of a web or channel.

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