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EP1883934B2 - Coupe-circuit de surtension à cage - Google Patents
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EP1883934B2 - Coupe-circuit de surtension à cage - Google Patents

Coupe-circuit de surtension à cage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1883934B2
EP1883934B2 EP06755259A EP06755259A EP1883934B2 EP 1883934 B2 EP1883934 B2 EP 1883934B2 EP 06755259 A EP06755259 A EP 06755259A EP 06755259 A EP06755259 A EP 06755259A EP 1883934 B2 EP1883934 B2 EP 1883934B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
end fitting
reinforcing element
surge protector
anchoring element
anchoring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06755259A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1883934B1 (fr
EP1883934A1 (fr
Inventor
Hartmut Klaube
Hubert Lauritsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tridelta Ueberspannungsableiter GmbH
Original Assignee
Tridelta Ueberspannungsableiter GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Tridelta Ueberspannungsableiter GmbH filed Critical Tridelta Ueberspannungsableiter GmbH
Publication of EP1883934A1 publication Critical patent/EP1883934A1/fr
Publication of EP1883934B1 publication Critical patent/EP1883934B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1883934B2 publication Critical patent/EP1883934B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors; Arresters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a surge arrester with cage design, as for example from the JP 63 312 602 is known.
  • Surge arresters are connected in power supply systems between live lines and ground to derive in the event of an overvoltage in the line this to ground and to protect other components of the power grid.
  • Such a surge arrester contains a stack of varistor blocks, which is held between two connection elements. This arrangement is accommodated in a housing.
  • GRP rods glass fiber reinforced plastic rods
  • a problem with such surge arresters is to securely fasten the reinforcing elements to the end fittings, so that the necessary strength is obtained even in the case of mechanical stresses which occur in the case of surge arresters mounted outdoors.
  • this problem is solved in that in the end fittings grooves in the stacking direction of the varistor blocks are provided, in which the reinforcing elements are inserted, and in which the end of the reinforcing elements is provided with a thread on which a nut is screwed, which is larger in diameter than the groove in the end fitting, and so the reinforcing element - essentially by positive engagement - holds.
  • reinforcing elements can be anchored to the end fittings of a surge arrester.
  • this document proposes to hold the reinforcing elements by a pin or a screw which extends perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing elements and is guided through a through hole by the rods. The pin or the screw are then held in a corresponding recess or a threaded hole in the end fitting.
  • the said European patent application also shows the possibility of setting the reinforcing elements with wedges in the end fitting.
  • a tapering in the direction of the stacking means of the varistor blocks wedge between each reinforcing element and a corresponding inclined surface of the end fitting is brought and both together held together by an outer part of the end fitting under radial pressure.
  • the wedges are dragged by friction and ensure that the reinforcing elements frictionally or frictionally held between the associated wedge and the end fitting.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a generic surge arrester with cage design that is easy to manufacture and secure anchoring of the reinforcing elements in the Ensures end fittings.
  • the in Fig. 1 Cage design surge arresters shown include at least one varistor block 1.
  • varistor blocks known ceramic disks having a variable resistor can be used. At low voltages they work as near-perfect insulators, while at high voltages they have good conductivity.
  • Commercially available varistor blocks are manufactured on the basis of zinc oxide (ZnO). However, the invention is not limited to such zinc oxide surge arresters, and other metal oxides as well as silicon carbide may be used for the varistor block, for example.
  • further blocks, such as metal blocks, or spark gap blocks may be included in the stack so as to adapt the length of the surge arrester to the requirements of the particular application.
  • Common varistor blocks 1 are formed as circular cylinders with a diameter of for example 5 cm and a height of about 4 cm. On both sides of the varistor blocks 1 aluminum electrodes not shown in detail are applied to ensure a better contact. It is also customary between the Varistorblöcke 1 to further improve the contact also not shown thin aluminum discs.
  • FIG Fig. 1 A stack formed by stacking such varistor blocks 1 and any metal blocks is shown in FIG Fig. 1 shown surge arrester between two end fittings 3 held.
  • the end fittings 3 are usually formed of aluminum or stainless steel and designed so that they can be easily integrated into existing electrical installations or power grids, for example by a projecting from the surge arrester central screw 4, which makes good contact with the Varistorblöcken 1 well.
  • surge arresters are surrounded by an outer housing 5, often made of silicone.
  • the housing can be formed by spraying or pouring.
  • rods 9 the reinforcing elements will be referred to as rods 9, without any limitation of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows the "cage" of a surge arrester of a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the varistor blocks 1 and other components of the stack have been omitted.
  • One of the two end fittings 3 is shown exploded to illustrate the embodiment.
  • a sectional view along the line AA is in Fig. 3 shown.
  • rods 9 are arranged at regular angular intervals along the circumference of the end fittings 3.
  • the end fitting 3 itself contains a first part 3A and a second part 3B.
  • the first part 3A has eight through-holes 11 for the glass-fiber reinforced rods 9 and also eight threaded holes 13A for clamping screws 15, wherein the through holes 11 and the threaded holes 13A are alternately arranged along the circumference of the first part 3A of the end fitting.
  • the exact number of the clamping screw connections and also the rods 9 should be selected by the person skilled in the art as required. In principle, it is possible to use only one clamping screw and / or only one (central) rod, for example when the varistor blocks 1 are designed as rings. However, arrangements are preferred in which three or more rods are distributed along the circumference of the end fitting, and in which the varistor blocks 1 are present as (circular) cylindrical disks.
  • the second part 3B has at the in Fig. 2 and 3 shown embodiment eight corresponding through holes 13 for the clamping screws 15 and eight only one side open recesses 17 for receiving the upper ends of the rods.
  • the first part 3A of the end fitting 3 is formed as a ring with a central passage 19.
  • the second part 3B has in its center a guide tube 21 which can engage in the ring of the first part 3A.
  • the guide tube 21 itself is provided on its inside with an internal thread 23 into which a further large screw 25 or a bolt can be screwed, which firmly presses the stack of Varistorblöcke 1 after assembly, wherein the rods are loaded with train.
  • an anchoring element 27 is attached at each end. This anchoring element 27 is firmly connected to the rod 9, and ensures that under tensile load, the rod 9 remains firmly anchored in the end fitting 3.
  • Fig. 3 and 4 one of these anchoring elements 27 is shown in section. In addition, it is shown how this anchoring element 27 cooperates in this preferred embodiment with the second part 3B and the first part 3A of the end fitting.
  • the through hole 13 in the first part 3A of the end fitting has a first narrow portion on the side of the varistor blocks 1 and a second further portion on the side of the second part 3B, which are interconnected via a conical portion.
  • a simple shoulder or step can also be used.
  • the through hole 11 is to be formed so as to closely surround the rod 9 in its narrow portion, and to partially receive the anchoring element 27 in its wide portion.
  • the conical section or the shoulder is designed to be complementary to the outer contour of the anchoring element 27, in order to allow a firm and secure form-fitting support of the anchoring element 27 in the end fitting 3.
  • the recess 17 in the second part 3B of the end fitting is also provided with a wide first portion on the open side facing the first part 3B and with a tapered portion on the closed end.
  • the dimensions of the recess 17 and the through hole 11 are such that they can receive the anchoring element 27 in a form-fitting manner. This is below in Fig. 3 shown.
  • an anchoring element 27 for example, a commercial "Ermeto screw” can be used, as it is known since the 30s of the last century Such Ermeto fittings are used in the art for connecting hydraulic pipes and are u.a. commercially available from Parker-Ermeto.
  • the anchoring element 27 has at least one edge 29 which rests against the rod 9 and is inclined against the direction of the tensile load.
  • Fig. 4 shows a detailed view of an anchoring element 27 according to the invention according to this embodiment.
  • the anchoring element 27 consists in the embodiment shown of three parts.
  • the two cutting ring elements 27A and 27C are identical in construction in the embodiment shown and consist of a sleeve whose inner diameter is adapted to the outer diameter of the rod 9.
  • On the inside of the sleeve of the cutting ring elements 27A, 27C, two cutting rings 29 or edges are formed in the embodiment shown, which cut into the surface of the rod 9 in use. The edges are preferably inclined against the direction of the intended tensile load.
  • the material of the cutting ring elements 27A, 27C have a certain elasticity. It is possible to provide the cutting ring with a slot.
  • the outer contour of the cutting ring elements 27A, 27C is conical in the region of the cutting rings. wherein the diameter increases in the direction of the intended tensile load.
  • the bracing sleeve 27B has a tapered inner shape that is complementary to the outer contour of the cutting ring members 27A, 27C.
  • the grommet 27B and a cutting ring member 27A are engaged and pushed together in the axial direction of the rod 9, the cutting rings are driven to be cut into the rod 9 due to the complementary inclinations of the outer contour of the cutting ring member 27A and the inner shape of the grommet 27B. Due to the angular position of the cutting ring or so creates a positive connection between the rod 9 and the cutting ring, which continues to contract under tensile load of the rod and holds all the more.
  • This well-known cutting ring principle used since the thirties for connection of hydraulic pipes, ensures excellent retention of the anchoring element 27 on the rod 9 under tensile load.
  • a second cutting ring element 27C is shown. No separate clamping sleeve is provided for this cutting ring element 27C since this task is taken over by the recess 17 of the second part 3B of the end fitting.
  • Each cutting ring element 27A, 27C has two cutting rings 29. Designs with only one cutting ring or with three or more cutting rings are also possible.
  • the cutting ring element 27A, 27C is formed smooth inside and is closed in the outer contour by a second, relatively steep cone, wherein the Diameter decreases in the direction of the intended tensile load.
  • This second cone is assigned a corresponding section of the bracing sleeve 27B or of the through hole 11 of the first part 3A of the end fitting 3.
  • the second cone of the cutting ring element 27A, 27C can be dispensed with.
  • the bracing sleeve 27B and the through hole 11 may then be formed without the complementary second cone, for example with a simple shoulder or step.
  • a serious damage leading to the weakening of the rod 9 can be avoided since the cutting rings 29 do not cut very deeply into the rod 9.
  • a plurality of cutting rings 29 may be arranged one behind the other.
  • a stack of varistor blocks 1 and optionally metal blocks between the first annular parts 3A of two end fittings 3 is arranged. Subsequently, the rods 9 are guided through the provided for this purpose in the first parts 3A of the end fittings 3 through holes 11.
  • the rods 9 are brought to a uniform length and the anchoring elements 27 are pushed. Subsequently, the second part 3B of the end fitting is applied on this side.
  • the first clamping screws 15 which extend through the through holes 13 in the second part 3B of the end fitting and engage in the threaded holes 13A in the first part 3A of the end fitting, the first and second parts 3A, 3B of the end fitting are firmly clamped against each other.
  • the two parts of the end fitting are formed so that they receive the anchoring elements 27 completely in the corresponding recesses and enclose them.
  • clamping screw 25 is screwed through the central opening of the end fitting, which rests against the Varistorblöcken 1 and a lying between the uppermost Varistorblock 1 and the end fitting 3 control disc made of aluminum or stainless steel.
  • the rods 5 are provided with the anchoring elements 27 on the opposite side of the Varistorstapels.
  • a second large clamping screw 25 is driven by the central thread of the end fitting 3, so that it rests against a corresponding control disk or the uppermost varistor block. With a torque wrench, the lower and upper middle large clamping screws 25 are tightened, so that the stack of varistor blocks is held together with a defined pressure.
  • the cage thus formed is provided with an outer housing.
  • This is advantageously done by encapsulation or encapsulation of the stack of Varistorblöcken, the rods 9 and the end fittings 3.
  • a low-viscosity silicone has been found suitable. Such low-viscosity silicones are commercially available, and have also been used in the prior art for housing.
  • the umbrellas 7 can be cast.
  • the screens 7 can then be attached to the housing 5 by mechanical relaxation or by gluing.
  • the separate application of the screens 7 is an additional operation, which increases the cost of the surge arrester, but in this way longitudinal seams along the surge arrester can be avoided, where can develop leakage due to contamination creepage.
  • Fig. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the surge arrester according to the invention.
  • rods 9 are not circular in cross section.
  • rods 9 are adapted in shape to the outer contour of the stack of Varistorblöcken 1.
  • the outer housing 5 of the surge arrester can be designed to be thinner overall, since the bars 9 have a smaller thickness with the same tensile strength. This is advantageous insofar as the low-viscosity silicone is expensive.
  • Fig. 6 shows in greater detail the end fitting 3 and the anchoring element 27 of this embodiment.
  • an inner part 3C is formed in a ring-shaped or hollow cylindrical shape, and has an internal thread 31, through which the clamping screw 25 can extend. Guide grooves are preferably formed along this inner part, which correspond in their contour to the rods 9, as shown in FIG Fig. 6 can be seen.
  • the inner part 3C of the end fitting is surrounded by a cup-shaped outer part 3D of the end fitting, wherein the inner diameter of the cup is adapted to the outer diameter of the inner part in the region outside the grooves.
  • the cup-shaped outer part 3D is slightly conical, in the direction of the intended tensile load, ie towards the center of the stack of Varistorblöcke 1, runs. Between the bars 9 and the outer part 3D of the end fitting wedges 33 are mounted, which also run towards the center of the stack of Varistorblöcke 1.
  • one or more cutting blades 29 are formed transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rod 9 and are angled at an acute angle against the direction of the intended tensile load towards the center of the stack of the varistor blocks.
  • a complementary cutting blade 29A which is also adapted to the shape of the glass fiber reinforced rod 5, may be formed in the guide groove of the inner part 3C of the end fitting, which is not shown in the figures.
  • a plurality of cutting blades 29 are formed both on the wedge 33 as well as on the inner part of the end fitting 3.
  • the rod 9 When tensile load, the rod 9 is held on the one hand non-positively between the inner part 3C and the outer part 3D of the end fitting by means of the wedge 33. On the other hand, moreover, the rod 9 is held by the cutting blades 29 between the wedge 33 and the rod 9 on the one hand and between the inner part 3 C of the end fitting and the rod 9 on the other hand positively.
  • the outer housing 5 is applied made of plastic.
  • the inner part 3C of the end fitting is formed with guide grooves 35
  • the outer part 3D of the end fitting may be provided with guide grooves, or the guide grooves 35 may be completely omitted. In this case, however, a gap remains between the inner and the outer part of the end fitting, which then has to be filled with the silicone elastomer in forming the housing 5.
  • the adhesive may be introduced into the gap between the outer and inner parts of the end fitting until this gap is completely filled with adhesive.
  • the invention is not limited to these embodiments.
  • the number of cutting blades or cutting rings can be freely adjusted as needed.
  • the positive engagement of the cutting ring by cutting into the outer layer of the bars can be achieved by frictional engagement without damaging the surface of the bars, unless excessive tensile stress is expected.
  • the surge arrester is not provided with the directly applied housing 5, but is inserted as a so-called surge arrester with tube design in a tube made of glass fiber reinforced plastic or in a ceramic housing.
  • the rods serve only as an additional stabilizing element, so that is to be expected with lower tensile loads.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Details Of Resistors (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Parafoudre comprenant :
    au moins un bloc de varistance (1) ;
    au moins une armature d'extrémité (3) ;
    au moins un élément de renforcement (9) qui retient le bloc de varistance (1) fixement à l'armature d'extrémité (3), dans lequel l'élément de renforcement (9) est une tige en plastique renforcé de fibres de verre ou un câble qui, sous une charge de traction, maintient ensemble l'armature d'extrémité (3) et le bloc de varistance (1) ;
    au moins un élément d'ancrage (27) qui retient l'élément de renforcement (9) fixement à l'armature d'extrémité (3) ;
    l'élément d'ancrage (27) présente au moins une arête (29) qui entaille l'élément de renforcement (9) ;
    caractérisé en ce que l'arête (29) de l'élément d'ancrage (27) est une bague coupante qui entoure la tige en plastique renforcé de fibres de verre ou le câble et entaille la surface de celle-ci ou celui-ci.
  2. Parafoudre comprenant :
    au moins un bloc de varistance (1) ;
    au moins une armature d'extrémité (3) ;
    au moins un élément de renforcement (9) qui retient le bloc de varistance (1) fixement à l'armature d'extrémité (3), dans lequel l'élément de renforcement (9) est une tige en plastique renforcé de fibres de verre ou un câble ;
    au moins un élément d'ancrage (27) qui retient l'élément de renforcement (9) fixement à l'armature d'extrémité (3) ;
    l'élément d'ancrage (27) présente au moins une arête (29) qui entaille l'élément de renforcement (9) ;
    caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'ancrage (27) est une clavette (33) qui coopère avec une surface en rampe, inclinée de façon correspondante, de l'armature d'extrémité (3), dans lequel l'arête (29) est réalisée comme une lame coupante sur le côté de la clavette (33) qui est tourné vers l'élément de renforcement (9) et entaille l'élément de renforcement (9) sous une charge de traction due à la clavette (33) et à la surface en rampe.
  3. Parafoudre selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le bloc de varistance ou les blocs de varistance est/sont formé(s) à partir d'un oxyde métallique, de préférence de ZnO.
  4. Parafoudre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'armature d'extrémité (3) ou les armatures d'extrémité (3) est/sont formée(s) en métal, de préférence en aluminium.
  5. Parafoudre selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le parafoudre présente un boîtier (5) avec des blindages (7).
  6. Parafoudre selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs arêtes (29) sont réalisées sur un élément d'ancrage (27) et coopèrent avec l'élément de renforcement (9).
  7. Parafoudre selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'ancrage (27) est relié par complémentarité de forme avec l'élément de renforcement (9) et avec l'armature d'extrémité (3).
  8. Parafoudre selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'arête (29) entaille l'élément d'ancrage contre le sens de la charge de traction.
  9. Parafoudre selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de renforcement est un segment de tuyau en matériau plastique renforcé de fibres de verre.
EP06755259A 2005-05-25 2006-05-18 Coupe-circuit de surtension à cage Not-in-force EP1883934B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005024206A DE102005024206B4 (de) 2005-05-25 2005-05-25 Überspannungsableiter mit Käfig-Design
PCT/EP2006/062433 WO2006125753A1 (fr) 2005-05-25 2006-05-18 Coupe-circuit de surtension a cage

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1883934A1 EP1883934A1 (fr) 2008-02-06
EP1883934B1 EP1883934B1 (fr) 2009-04-15
EP1883934B2 true EP1883934B2 (fr) 2012-12-26

Family

ID=36790754

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06755259A Not-in-force EP1883934B2 (fr) 2005-05-25 2006-05-18 Coupe-circuit de surtension à cage

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US8446703B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1883934B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2008543036A (fr)
KR (1) KR100910296B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101208759A (fr)
AT (1) ATE429019T1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0608130A2 (fr)
DE (2) DE102005024206B4 (fr)
RU (1) RU2370842C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006125753A1 (fr)

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RU2370842C2 (ru) 2009-10-20
RU2007148752A (ru) 2009-07-10
EP1883934B1 (fr) 2009-04-15
JP2008543036A (ja) 2008-11-27
KR20080005411A (ko) 2008-01-11
KR100910296B1 (ko) 2009-08-03
CN101208759A (zh) 2008-06-25
EP1883934A1 (fr) 2008-02-06
WO2006125753A1 (fr) 2006-11-30
US8446703B2 (en) 2013-05-21
DE102005024206A1 (de) 2006-12-07
DE102005024206B4 (de) 2007-03-15
ATE429019T1 (de) 2009-05-15
DE502006003457D1 (de) 2009-05-28
BRPI0608130A2 (pt) 2009-11-17
US20080088406A1 (en) 2008-04-17

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