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EP2009245B2 - Fan rotor - Google Patents
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EP2009245B2 - Fan rotor - Google Patents

Fan rotor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2009245B2
EP2009245B2 EP08159121.6A EP08159121A EP2009245B2 EP 2009245 B2 EP2009245 B2 EP 2009245B2 EP 08159121 A EP08159121 A EP 08159121A EP 2009245 B2 EP2009245 B2 EP 2009245B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade root
rotor according
spacer
slot
wedge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP08159121.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2009245B1 (en
EP2009245A1 (en
Inventor
Olivier Belmonte
Jean-Luc Christina Yvon Goga
Jean-Noël Mahieu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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Publication date
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Application filed by Safran Aircraft Engines SAS filed Critical Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Publication of EP2009245A1 publication Critical patent/EP2009245A1/en
Publication of EP2009245B1 publication Critical patent/EP2009245B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/3023—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of radial insertion type, e.g. in individual recesses
    • F01D5/303—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of radial insertion type, e.g. in individual recesses in a circumferential slot
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/3092—Protective layers between blade root and rotor disc surfaces, e.g. anti-friction layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/321—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow compressors
    • F04D29/322—Blade mountings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/666—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by means of rotor construction or layout, e.g. unequal distribution of blades or vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/668—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps damping or preventing mechanical vibrations

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to a turbomachine rotor, more particularly a fan rotor comprising a disc provided with cells at its periphery and blades respectively attached to said rotor, each blade comprising a blade root engaged in a corresponding cell.
  • the invention relates to an improvement to an elongated wedge which is interposed between the blade root and the bottom of the cell.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to the assembly of blades made of 3D woven composite material, which are increasingly used in blowers. It relates to a shim well suited to this type of blade (although not exclusively), the shim itself possibly being made of the same material or of a similar material.
  • One of the aims of the invention is to improve the behavior of the blades of a rotor, particularly a fan rotor, in the event of a serious incident resulting for example from the ingestion of a bird.
  • the invention proposes a new type of shim whose shape has been defined to reduce the shock during contact between the blade and the cell, absorb part of the energy generated by the impact and reduce the risk of damage. of dawn.
  • the invention relates firstly to a fan rotor comprising a disc provided with cells at its periphery and blades respectively attached to said rotor, each blade comprising a blade root engaged in a corresponding cell and each cell containing an elongated wedge interposed between the blade root and the bottom of the cell, characterized in that said wedge is made of an elastically deformable material, in that at least one longitudinal section of this wedge has a transverse profile in the form of arc to define two lateral zones in contact with corresponding lateral zones of the blade root and remote from the bottom of the cell and a central zone facing the corresponding central zone of the cell bottom, said central zone of said section being in contact with the bottom of the cell.
  • the central zone of said section is remote from the corresponding central zone of the blade root. In other words, a slight space remains between the central zone of the section of the wedge and the central zone facing the blade root.
  • the wedge consists of several aforementioned sections joined together by narrower junctions.
  • the wedge has a wavy profile in its own longitudinal direction.
  • said wedge may have a central region longitudinally in contact with the bottom of the cell and two end regions (on either side of the central region, longitudinally) in contact with the blade root.
  • the section of the shim in normal operation, is adapted to the shape of the surrounding parts (fan disc cavity and fan blade) and assembly is done with a slight stress between the blade root and the bottom. of the alveolus.
  • the blade root is pressed against its bearing surfaces, resting on the bottom of the cell (in the central part) and below the blade root on the lateral bearing surfaces thereof.
  • the corrugated profile mentioned above makes it possible to optimize the contacts between the ends and the center of the wedge on the one hand and between the blade and the disc on the other hand.
  • the wedge by its flexibility follows the combined movement of torsion-diving when a critical event occurs. It is inserted to limit the impact between the blade root and the socket of the disc. In addition, the contact zone between the wedge and the underside of the blade root is curved so as to allow relative sliding of the two parts between them, during a pivoting of the blade.
  • the wedge is divided into three sections which react separately to the combined movements of the blade root and make it possible to best accompany the movements and deformations specific to each of the parts of the blade root.
  • a coating of polyurethane film type or the like is placed on and / or under the wedge to allow part of the impact energy to be dissipated and consequently to limit the risks of the wedge breaking and the blade root cracking.
  • the wedge is made of a one-piece elastic composite material and preferably of a 3D woven composite material.
  • the result is particularly advantageous when the blades are themselves made of a composite material. of the same nature.
  • the invention also relates to a wedge intended to be inserted into a fan rotor socket, characterized in that it consists of an elastically deformable material and in that it comprises at least one longitudinal section with a profile. transverse arch-shaped.
  • a wedge 11 intended to be inserted in a cell 13 of a disc 15 of the fan rotor. Such a disc is partially shown on the figures 2 to 4 .
  • the wedge 11 consists of a single block of elastically deformable material and more particularly here of a 3D woven composite material known per se.
  • the 3-dimensional weaving defining the core of the part is coated with resin.
  • the wedge comprises at least one longitudinal section with a transverse profile in the form of an arc.
  • three sections 17a, 17b, 17c of this type are provided (their number could be different) joined by narrower junctions 18, of the same material, the whole forming a single piece.
  • Such a wedge is intended to be inserted into a tangential cell 13 formed at the periphery of the rotor disc 15.
  • it is a fan rotor disc to which blades 20 are attached.
  • Each blade has a blade root 21 engaged in a corresponding cell 13.
  • a shim such as the one shown in figures 1 and 2 is housed in each cell 13 by being interposed between the blade root 21 and the bottom 13a of the cell 13.
  • the wedge 11 is preferably made of a 3D woven composite material. More generally, the wedge is made of an elastically deformable material.
  • the or each longitudinal section 17a-17c of this wedge has a transverse profile in the form of an arc to define two lateral zones 25a, 25b in contact with corresponding lateral zones 26a, 26b of the foot d blade 20 while being away from the bottom of the cell. Furthermore, a central zone 29 of the wedge section is located opposite the corresponding central zone 30 of the cell bottom.
  • the central zone of said section can be moved away from the corresponding central zone of the blade root, leaving a slight space 32 between them.
  • the wedge 11 has a wavy profile in its longitudinal direction.
  • the wedge has a longitudinal central region 11a in contact with the bottom of the cell and two end regions 11b in contact with the blade root but remote from the bottom of the cell.
  • the shim is shown mounted under stress between the blade root and the bottom of the cell, so that its longitudinal curvature between the center and the ends is less than it is in the unstressed state, before mounting.
  • a coating of polyurethane film type or the like is provided on and / or under the wedge. This makes it possible to dissipate part of the energy of the impact, in the event of an incident, and consequently to limit the risks of rupture of the wedge or of cracking of the blade root.
  • this type of wedge is well suited to maintaining a blade made of 3D woven composite material in its socket, at rest or in normal operation.
  • Elongated holes 35 are also made in the central zones of at least certain sections, to further improve the flexibility and the deformability of the various parts of the wedge.
  • the shape of the wedge combined with the classic shape of the blade root makes it possible to optimize the contacts between the ends and the center of the wedge on the one hand as well as the contact between the blade root and the walls of the on the other hand.
  • the wedge section also has two thinning lines 36 between the side parts in contact with the blade root and the middle part facing the bottom of the cell.
  • each junction 18 connecting two adjacent sections 17a-17c is located substantially in the extension and continuity of the central zones of these two sections, which it joins.
  • said junction has a transverse profile substantially identical to that of the central zone of an aforementioned section.
  • the proposed solution which consists in giving a suitable shape to the wedge and preferably in producing it in a flexible material identical to the material of the composite blade, makes it possible to eliminate the risks of cracking of the blade root.
  • the pre-stressing during assembly allows place the blade root on its seats, resting on the bottom of the disc socket.
  • the wavy shape of the wedge, in the axial direction, makes it possible to optimize the contacts between the ends and the center of the wedge on the one hand and between the vane and the disc on the other hand.
  • the wedge by its flexibility, follows the combined torsion / plunging movement of the blade root, during a critical event.
  • the wedge is inserted to limit the impact between the blade root and the socket of the disc.
  • the area in contact between the wedge and the underside of the blade root is curved, which allows relative sliding of the two parts during significant pivoting.
  • the three sections of the wedge react separately to the movement of the blade, which makes it possible to best accompany the movement of each of the parts of the root of the blade.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Description

L'invention se rapporte généralement à un rotor de turbomachine plus particulièrement un rotor de soufflante comprenant un disque muni d'alvéoles à sa périphérie et des aubes respectivement rattachées audit rotor, chaque aube comportant un pied d'aube engagé dans une alvéole correspondante. L'invention concerne un perfectionnement à une cale allongée qui est intercalée entre le pied d'aube et le fond de l'alvéole. L'invention s'applique particulièrement au montage des aubes en matériau composite tissé 3D, qui sont de plus en plus utilisées dans les soufflantes. Elle concerne une cale bien adaptée à ce type d'aube (bien que non exclusivement), la cale pouvant elle-même être constituée du même matériau ou d'un matériau semblable. L'un des buts de l'invention est d'améliorer le comportement des aubes d'un rotor, particulièrement un rotor de soufflante, dans le cas d'un incident grave résultant par exemple de l'ingestion d'oiseau.The invention generally relates to a turbomachine rotor, more particularly a fan rotor comprising a disc provided with cells at its periphery and blades respectively attached to said rotor, each blade comprising a blade root engaged in a corresponding cell. The invention relates to an improvement to an elongated wedge which is interposed between the blade root and the bottom of the cell. The invention is particularly applicable to the assembly of blades made of 3D woven composite material, which are increasingly used in blowers. It relates to a shim well suited to this type of blade (although not exclusively), the shim itself possibly being made of the same material or of a similar material. One of the aims of the invention is to improve the behavior of the blades of a rotor, particularly a fan rotor, in the event of a serious incident resulting for example from the ingestion of a bird.

Il est connu du document EP 1 138 879 A un disque rotorique de turbine équipé d'ailettes à pied de sapin et un procédé de montage d'une ailette sur un disque.It is known from the document EP 1 138 879 A a turbine rotor disk equipped with spruce-root fins and a method of mounting a fin on a disk.

Il est connu d'insérer une cale déformable dans chaque alvéole du disque de rotor, entre le fond de cette alvéole et la face intérieure du pied d'aube retenu dans ladite alvéole. Par exemple, le brevet français n° 2 841 609 illustre une cale comportant des parties métalliques et des parties en élastomère semi-rigide. La forme de cette cale permet de tenir compte des mouvements du pied de l'aube lors d'un évènement critique mentionné ci-dessus. Dans de telles circonstances, l'aube de soufflante pivote sous l'impact, le pied d'aube pivotant par conséquent dans l'alvéole du disque. L'aube, en plus du mouvement de rotation subit un mouvement de plongée vers l'avant puis vers l'arrière, en réaction. Les parties avant, centrale et arrière de l'aube subissent des mouvements de torsion et de plongée axiale, d'amplitude différentes pour chacune d'elles.It is known practice to insert a deformable wedge in each cell of the rotor disc, between the bottom of this cell and the inner face of the blade root retained in said cell. For example, the French patent n ° 2 841 609 illustrates a shim comprising metal parts and semi-rigid elastomer parts. The shape of this wedge makes it possible to take account of the movements of the root of the blade during a critical event mentioned above. In such circumstances, the fan blade pivots under impact, the blade root therefore pivoting in the cavity of the disc. The vane, in addition to the rotational movement, undergoes a plunging movement forwards then backwards, in reaction. The front, central and rear parts of the blade undergo torsional and axial plunging movements, of different amplitude for each of them.

Dans le cas d'une aube en matériau composite comportant une armature tissée en trois dimensions (ci-après désigné "tissé 3D") de tels chocs entraînent des risques de fissuration du pied d'aube pouvant entraîner la rupture de celui-ci et par voie de conséquence la perte complète de l'aube de soufflante.In the case of a blade made of composite material comprising a three-dimensional woven reinforcement (hereinafter referred to as "3D woven"), such shocks cause the risk of cracking of the blade root which can lead to the latter breaking and consequently. consequently the complete loss of the fan blade.

L'invention propose un nouveau type de cale dont la forme a été définie pour réduire le choc lors du contact entre l'aube et l'alvéole, absorber une partie de l'énergie générée par l'impact et réduire les risques d'endommagement de l'aube.The invention proposes a new type of shim whose shape has been defined to reduce the shock during contact between the blade and the cell, absorb part of the energy generated by the impact and reduce the risk of damage. of dawn.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne en premier lieu un rotor de soufflante comprenant un disque muni d'alvéoles à sa périphérie et des aubes respectivement rattachées audit rotor, chaque aube comportant un pied d'aube engagé dans une alvéole correspondante et chaque alvéole renfermant une cale allongée intercalée entre le pied d'aube et le fond de l'alvéole, caractérisé en ce que ladite cale est en matériau élastiquement déformable, en ce qu'au moins un tronçon longitudinal de cette cale a un profil transversal en forme d'arc pour définir deux zones latérales en contact avec des zones latérales correspondantes du pied d"aube et éloignées du fond de l'alvéole et une zone centrale en regard de la zone centrale correspondante du fond d'alvéole, ladite zone centrale dudit tronçon étant en contact avec le fond de l'alvéole.To this end, the invention relates firstly to a fan rotor comprising a disc provided with cells at its periphery and blades respectively attached to said rotor, each blade comprising a blade root engaged in a corresponding cell and each cell containing an elongated wedge interposed between the blade root and the bottom of the cell, characterized in that said wedge is made of an elastically deformable material, in that at least one longitudinal section of this wedge has a transverse profile in the form of arc to define two lateral zones in contact with corresponding lateral zones of the blade root and remote from the bottom of the cell and a central zone facing the corresponding central zone of the cell bottom, said central zone of said section being in contact with the bottom of the cell.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse, la zone centrale dudit tronçon est éloignée de la zone centrale correspondante du pied d'aube. Autrement dit, un léger espace subsiste entre la zone centrale du tronçon de la cale et la zone centrale en regard du pied d'aube.According to another advantageous characteristic, the central zone of said section is remote from the corresponding central zone of the blade root. In other words, a slight space remains between the central zone of the section of the wedge and the central zone facing the blade root.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse, la cale est constituée de plusieurs tronçons précités réunis par des jonctions plus étroites.According to another advantageous characteristic, the wedge consists of several aforementioned sections joined together by narrower junctions.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse, la cale a un profil ondé suivant sa propre direction longitudinale.According to another advantageous characteristic, the wedge has a wavy profile in its own longitudinal direction.

Plus précisément, ladite cale peut présenter longitudinalement une région centrale en contact avec le fond de l'alvéole et deux régions extrêmes (de part et d'autre de la région centrale, longitudinalement) en contact avec le pied d'aube.More precisely, said wedge may have a central region longitudinally in contact with the bottom of the cell and two end regions (on either side of the central region, longitudinally) in contact with the blade root.

De plus, la section de la cale, en fonctionnement normal, est adaptée à la forme des pièces environnantes (alvéole du disque de soufflante et aube de soufflante) et le montage se fait avec une légère contrainte entre le pied d'aube et le fond de l'alvéole. Ainsi, le pied d'aube est plaqué sur ses portées, en prenant appui sur le fond de l'alvéole (dans la partie centrale) et en dessous du pied d'aube sur les portées latérales de celui-ci. Le profil ondé mentionné ci-dessus permet d'optimiser les contacts entre les extrémités et le centre de la cale d'une part et entre l'aube et le disque, d'autre part.In addition, the section of the shim, in normal operation, is adapted to the shape of the surrounding parts (fan disc cavity and fan blade) and assembly is done with a slight stress between the blade root and the bottom. of the alveolus. Thus, the blade root is pressed against its bearing surfaces, resting on the bottom of the cell (in the central part) and below the blade root on the lateral bearing surfaces thereof. The corrugated profile mentioned above makes it possible to optimize the contacts between the ends and the center of the wedge on the one hand and between the blade and the disc on the other hand.

La cale, par sa souplesse suit le mouvement combiné de torsion-plongée lorsque survient un évènement critique. Elle vient s'intercaler pour limiter le choc entre le pied d'aube et l'alvéole du disque. De plus, la zone de contact entre la cale et le dessous du pied d'aube est de forme courbe de façon à permettre un glissement relatif des deux pièces entre elles, lors d'un pivotement de l'aube.The wedge, by its flexibility follows the combined movement of torsion-diving when a critical event occurs. It is inserted to limit the impact between the blade root and the socket of the disc. In addition, the contact zone between the wedge and the underside of the blade root is curved so as to allow relative sliding of the two parts between them, during a pivoting of the blade.

De préférence, la cale est divisée en trois sections qui réagissent séparément aux mouvements combinés du pied d'aube et permettent d'accompagner au mieux les mouvements et déformations spécifiques à chacune des parties du pied d'aube.Preferably, the wedge is divided into three sections which react separately to the combined movements of the blade root and make it possible to best accompany the movements and deformations specific to each of the parts of the blade root.

Un revêtement de type film polyuréthane ou analogue est disposé sur et/ou sous la cale pour permettre de dissiper une partie de l'énergie du choc et par conséquent de limiter les risques de rupture de la cale et de fissuration du pied d'aube.A coating of polyurethane film type or the like is placed on and / or under the wedge to allow part of the impact energy to be dissipated and consequently to limit the risks of the wedge breaking and the blade root cracking.

Avantageusement, la cale est en un matériau composite élastique monobloc et de préférence en matériau composite tissé 3D.Advantageously, the wedge is made of a one-piece elastic composite material and preferably of a 3D woven composite material.

Le résultat est particulièrement avantageux lorsque les aubes sont elles-mêmes en matériau composite de même nature.The result is particularly advantageous when the blades are themselves made of a composite material. of the same nature.

Bien entendu, l'invention concerne également une cale destinée à être insérée dans une alvéole de rotor de soufflante, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée d'un matériau élastiquement déformable et en ce qu'elle comporte au moins un tronçon longitudinal à profil transversal en forme d'arc.Of course, the invention also relates to a wedge intended to be inserted into a fan rotor socket, characterized in that it consists of an elastically deformable material and in that it comprises at least one longitudinal section with a profile. transverse arch-shaped.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue générale en perspective d'une cale destinée à être insérée entre un pied d'aube et le fond d'une alvéole définie à la périphérie d'un disque de rotor ;
  • la figure 2 illustre la même cale, vue en coupe longitudinale et en position entre un pied d'aube et le fond d'une alvéole ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue schématique en coupe transversale illustrant les positions relatives de la cale et du pied d'aube à l'intérieur d'une alvéole d'un disque de rotor, la coupe correspondant à la ligne III-III de la figure 1 ; et
  • la figure 4 est une vue analogue à la figure 3 illustrant le comportement de ces éléments lors d'un évènement critique.
The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will emerge more clearly in the light of the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a general perspective view of a wedge intended to be inserted between a blade root and the bottom of a cell defined at the periphery of a rotor disc;
  • the figure 2 illustrates the same wedge, seen in longitudinal section and in position between a blade root and the bottom of a cell;
  • the figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the relative positions of the wedge and the blade root inside a cavity of a rotor disc, the section corresponding to line III-III of the figure 1 ; and
  • the figure 4 is a view analogous to figure 3 illustrating the behavior of these elements during a critical event.

Sur les dessins, on a représenté une cale 11 destinée à être insérée dans une alvéole 13 d'un disque 15 de rotor de soufflante. Un tel disque est représenté partiellement sur les figures 2 à 4. La cale 11 est constituée d'un seul bloc de matériau élastiquement déformable et plus particulièrement ici d'un matériau composite tissé 3D connu en soi. On rappelle que le tissage en 3 dimensions définissant l'âme de la pièce est enrobé de résine.In the drawings, there is shown a wedge 11 intended to be inserted in a cell 13 of a disc 15 of the fan rotor. Such a disc is partially shown on the figures 2 to 4 . The wedge 11 consists of a single block of elastically deformable material and more particularly here of a 3D woven composite material known per se. Remember that the 3-dimensional weaving defining the core of the part is coated with resin.

Comme représenté, la cale comporte au moins un tronçon longitudinal à profil transversal en forme d'arc. Dans l'exemple, on a prévu trois tronçons 17a, 17b, 17c de ce genre (leurs nombre pourrait être différent) réunis par des jonctions 18 plus étroites, du même matériau, l'ensemble formant une seule pièce.As shown, the wedge comprises at least one longitudinal section with a transverse profile in the form of an arc. In the example, three sections 17a, 17b, 17c of this type are provided (their number could be different) joined by narrower junctions 18, of the same material, the whole forming a single piece.

Une telle cale est destinée à être insérée dans une alvéole tangentielle 13 pratiquée à la périphérie du disque 15 de rotor. Dans l'exemple, il s'agit d'un disque de rotor de soufflante auquel sont rattachées des aubes 20. Chaque aube comporte un pied d'aube 21 engagé dans une alvéole 13 correspondante. Une cale telle que celle qui est représentée aux figures 1 et 2 est logée dans chaque alvéole 13 en étant intercalée entre le pied d'aube 21 et le fond 13a de l'alvéole 13.Such a wedge is intended to be inserted into a tangential cell 13 formed at the periphery of the rotor disc 15. In the example, it is a fan rotor disc to which blades 20 are attached. Each blade has a blade root 21 engaged in a corresponding cell 13. A shim such as the one shown in figures 1 and 2 is housed in each cell 13 by being interposed between the blade root 21 and the bottom 13a of the cell 13.

Comme indiqué précédemment, la cale 11 est de préférence en matériau composite tissé 3D. D'une façon plus générale, la cale est en matériau élastiquement déformable.As indicated above, the wedge 11 is preferably made of a 3D woven composite material. More generally, the wedge is made of an elastically deformable material.

Selon une caractéristique importante de l'invention, le ou chaque tronçon longitudinal 17a-17c de cette cale a un profil transversal en forme d'arc pour définir deux zones latérales 25a, 25b en contact avec des zones latérales 26a, 26b correspondantes du pied d'aube 20 tout en étant éloignées du fond de l'alvéole. Par ailleurs, une zone centrale 29 du tronçon de cale se situe en regard de la zone centrale 30 correspondante du fond d'alvéole.According to an important characteristic of the invention, the or each longitudinal section 17a-17c of this wedge has a transverse profile in the form of an arc to define two lateral zones 25a, 25b in contact with corresponding lateral zones 26a, 26b of the foot d blade 20 while being away from the bottom of the cell. Furthermore, a central zone 29 of the wedge section is located opposite the corresponding central zone 30 of the cell bottom.

Par ailleurs, la zone centrale dudit tronçon peut être éloignée de la zone centrale correspondante du pied d'aube, en laissant subsister un léger espace 32 entre elles.Furthermore, the central zone of said section can be moved away from the corresponding central zone of the blade root, leaving a slight space 32 between them.

Comme le montre la figure 2, la cale 11 a un profil ondé suivant sa direction longitudinale. Dans l'exemple représenté, la cale présente longitudinalement une région centrale 11a en contact avec le fond de l'alvéole et deux régions extrêmes 11b en contact avec le pied d'aube mais éloignées du fond de l'alvéole. Dans la présentation de la figure 2, la cale est représentée montée sous contrainte entre le pied d'aube et le fond de l'alvéole, en sorte que sa courbure longitudinale entre le centre et les extrémités est inférieure à ce qu'elle est à l'état non contraint, avant montage.As shown in the figure 2 , the wedge 11 has a wavy profile in its longitudinal direction. In the example shown, the wedge has a longitudinal central region 11a in contact with the bottom of the cell and two end regions 11b in contact with the blade root but remote from the bottom of the cell. In the presentation of the figure 2 , the shim is shown mounted under stress between the blade root and the bottom of the cell, so that its longitudinal curvature between the center and the ends is less than it is in the unstressed state, before mounting.

Un revêtement de type film polyuréthane ou analogue est disposé sur et/ou sous la cale. Ceci permet de dissiper une partie de l'énergie du choc, en cas d'incident, et par conséquent de limiter les risques de rupture de la cale ou de fissuration du pied d'aube.A coating of polyurethane film type or the like is provided on and / or under the wedge. This makes it possible to dissipate part of the energy of the impact, in the event of an incident, and consequently to limit the risks of rupture of the wedge or of cracking of the blade root.

Comme mentionné précédemment, ce type de cale est bien adapté pour maintenir une aube en matériau composite tissé 3D dans son alvéole, au repos ou en fonctionnement normal.As mentioned previously, this type of wedge is well suited to maintaining a blade made of 3D woven composite material in its socket, at rest or in normal operation.

Des trous oblongs 35 sont en outre pratiqués dans les zones centrales d'au moins certains tronçons, pour améliorer encore la souplesse et la déformabilité des différentes parties de la cale. Comme on le voit sur la figure 3, la forme de la cale conjuguée à la forme classique du pied d'aube permet d'optimiser les contacts entre les extrémités et le centre de la cale d'une part ainsi que le contact entre le pied d'aube et les parois de l'alvéole d'autre part. On remarque que le tronçon de cale présente en outre deux amincissements 36 entre les parties latérales en contact avec le pied d'aube et la partie médiane en regard du fond de l'alvéole.Elongated holes 35 are also made in the central zones of at least certain sections, to further improve the flexibility and the deformability of the various parts of the wedge. As seen on the figure 3 , the shape of the wedge combined with the classic shape of the blade root makes it possible to optimize the contacts between the ends and the center of the wedge on the one hand as well as the contact between the blade root and the walls of the on the other hand. Note that the wedge section also has two thinning lines 36 between the side parts in contact with the blade root and the middle part facing the bottom of the cell.

De plus, chaque jonction 18 reliant deux tronçons 17a-17c adjacents se situe sensiblement dans le prolongement et la continuité des zones centrales de ces deux tronçons, qu'elle réunit. En outre, ladite jonction a un profil transversal sensiblement identique à celui de la zone centrale d'un tronçon précité.In addition, each junction 18 connecting two adjacent sections 17a-17c is located substantially in the extension and continuity of the central zones of these two sections, which it joins. In addition, said junction has a transverse profile substantially identical to that of the central zone of an aforementioned section.

Ainsi, la solution proposée qui consiste à donner une forme adaptée à la cale et de préférence à la réaliser dans un matériau souple identique au matériau de l'aube composite permet de supprimer les risques de fissuration du pied d'aube.Thus, the proposed solution which consists in giving a suitable shape to the wedge and preferably in producing it in a flexible material identical to the material of the composite blade, makes it possible to eliminate the risks of cracking of the blade root.

La précontrainte au montage permet de bien plaquer le pied d'aube sur ses portées, en prenant appui sur le fond de l'alvéole du disque.The pre-stressing during assembly allows place the blade root on its seats, resting on the bottom of the disc socket.

La forme ondée de la cale, dans le sens axial, permet d'optimiser les contacts entre les extrémités et le centre de la cale d'une part et entre l'aube et le disque d'autre part.The wavy shape of the wedge, in the axial direction, makes it possible to optimize the contacts between the ends and the center of the wedge on the one hand and between the vane and the disc on the other hand.

Comme représenté dans la figure 4, la cale, par sa souplesse, suit le mouvement combiné de torsion/plongée du pied d'aube, lors d'un évènement critique. La cale vient s'intercaler pour limiter le choc entre le pied d'aube et l'alvéole du disque. De plus, la zone en contact entre la cale et le dessous du pied d'aube est de forme courbe, ce qui permet un glissement relatif des deux pièces lors d'un pivotement important.As shown in the figure 4 , the wedge, by its flexibility, follows the combined torsion / plunging movement of the blade root, during a critical event. The wedge is inserted to limit the impact between the blade root and the socket of the disc. In addition, the area in contact between the wedge and the underside of the blade root is curved, which allows relative sliding of the two parts during significant pivoting.

Les trois tronçons de la cale réagissent séparément au mouvement de l'aube, ce qui permet d'accompagner au mieux le déplacement de chacune des parties du pied de l'aube.The three sections of the wedge react separately to the movement of the blade, which makes it possible to best accompany the movement of each of the parts of the root of the blade.

Claims (11)

  1. A fan rotor comprising a disk with slots in its periphery and respective blades attached to said rotor, each blade (20) including a blade root (21) engaged in a corresponding slot (13), and each slot containing an elongate spacer (11) interposed between the blade root and the bottom of the slot, said spacer being made of an elastically deformable material, the rotor being characterized in that at least one longitudinal segment (17a-17c) of said spacer presents a transverse profile of arcuate shape to define two lateral zones in contact with corresponding lateral zones of a blade root and spaced apart from the bottom of the slot, together with a central zone (29) facing the corresponding central zone of the bottom of the slot, said central zone (29) of said segment being in contact with the bottom of the slot (13) .
  2. A rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that said central zone (29) of said segment is spaced apart from the corresponding central zone of the blade root.
  3. A rotor according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that said spacer is constituted by a plurality of said segments (17a-17c) interconnected by narrower junctions (18) .
  4. A rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that each junction (18) is situated substantially extending and in continuity with the central zones of the two segments it unites.
  5. A rotor according to claim 4, characterized in that said junction (18) has a transverse profile that is substantially identical to that of the central zone of a said segment.
  6. A rotor according to any preceding claim, characterized in that said spacer (11) presents a wave profile (Figure 2) in its longitudinal direction.
  7. A rotor according to claim 6, characterized in that said spacer presents, longitudinally, a central region (11a) in contact with the bottom of the slot and two end regions (11b) in contact with the blade root.
  8. A rotor according to claim 6 or claim 7, characterized in that said spacer (11) is mounted under stress between the blade root (21) and the bottom (13a) of the slot.
  9. A rotor according to any preceding claim, characterized in that said spacer is made of a 3D-woven composite material.
  10. A rotor according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the blades (20) are made of 3D-woven composite material.
  11. A turbomachine, characterized in that it includes a rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
EP08159121.6A 2007-06-26 2008-06-26 Fan rotor Active EP2009245B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0756015A FR2918129B1 (en) 2007-06-26 2007-06-26 IMPROVEMENT TO AN INTERCALE BETWEEN A FOOT OF DAWN AND THE BACKGROUND OF THE ALVEOLE OF THE DISK IN WHICH IT IS MOUNTED

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2009245A1 EP2009245A1 (en) 2008-12-31
EP2009245B1 EP2009245B1 (en) 2017-10-04
EP2009245B2 true EP2009245B2 (en) 2020-12-16

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EP08159121.6A Active EP2009245B2 (en) 2007-06-26 2008-06-26 Fan rotor

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US (2) US8529209B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2009245B2 (en)
JP (1) JP5496476B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2634942C (en)
FR (1) FR2918129B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2479724C2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2918129B1 (en) 2009-10-30
US20090004017A1 (en) 2009-01-01
US20130259695A1 (en) 2013-10-03
CA2634942A1 (en) 2008-12-26
EP2009245B1 (en) 2017-10-04
JP2009008079A (en) 2009-01-15
FR2918129A1 (en) 2009-01-02
CA2634942C (en) 2015-12-01
JP5496476B2 (en) 2014-05-21
EP2009245A1 (en) 2008-12-31
RU2008125805A (en) 2009-12-27
US8529209B2 (en) 2013-09-10
US8845294B2 (en) 2014-09-30
RU2479724C2 (en) 2013-04-20

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