EP2219770B2 - Mixer and mixing method - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a mixer according to the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.

From the EP 0 945 170 B1 is such a mixer with a mixing rotor known, which is rotatable about a substantially vertical axis of rotation by means of a drive motor and whose mixing tools protrude into a mixing trough. At least one first mixing tool is coupled to a drive motor via a gear and mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation in the mixer rotor. Further, at least a second mixing tool is rotatably mounted in the mixing rotor and coupled via the said transmission with the drive motor. The first and second mixing tools are thus driven jointly by the single drive motor, wherein a fixed speed difference is predetermined via said transmission in accordance with its reduction or transmission ratio. In addition, a third mixing tool is rotatably connected to the mixer rotor, which thus has the same speed as the mixer rotor about the vertical axis of rotation. The mixer is used for the production of mixtures of liquid, powdery or granular components as well as dry and / or moist mixtures, reference being made in particular to concrete mixtures. Due to the predetermined speed difference by means of the gearbox adaptation to the most diverse operating conditions in practice is not readily possible, or there are significant structural changes and measures for a conversion each required. While the speed of the single drive motor can be varied during operation, but the speed difference of the mixing tools remains unchanged.

From the JP 2005 238 015 A a mixer is known whose mixer rotor is rotatably mounted in the lid region of a mixing trough. On the cover area, a transmission upper part is arranged, which has two drive motors above. The drive motors are coupled via the transmission top with the gears of the mixing plant rotor, which has two mixing tools whose speeds are independently definable or changeable.

Furthermore, from the FR 2 402 471 A a stand mixer known, under the mixing plant, a mixing container can be pushed, wherein the mixer can be sunk from above into an opening of a cover part of the mixing container. To establish an assembly of a transmission shell and a mixing rotor, the support of the transmission shell and the mixing plant rotor via a foot of the stand mixer.

Furthermore, from the US 4,697,929 a planetary mixer with two drive motors known. These drive motors are coupled via a planetary gear with two mixing tools, wherein the planetary gear is arranged on a mixer housing.

Furthermore, from the EP 1 121 193 B1 a mixer with a substantially funnel-shaped or cone-shaped mixing trough or mixing space known, in which two coaxially arranged and rotatable about a common axis of rotation mixing tools protrude from above. The two mixing tools are mounted in a support structure arranged on the mixing trough, on which two electric drive rotors are arranged as separate drives for the two mixing tools. The one mixing tool is coupled to the first drive motor via a shaft rotatable about the common axis of rotation, which is guided through a hollow shaft mounted in the supporting structure and via which the second mixing tool is coupled to the second drive motor. A third mixing tool with a deviating from the speeds of the above two mixing tools speed is not present and a mixing of the mix, in particular with regard to the mixing time, are thus limits, which may take a fairly long mixing time in purchasing.

Proceeding from this, the invention has the object, the mixer of the type mentioned with a small design effort to the effect that an optimized mixing of the mix is possible. It should be achieved a quick and / or uniform mixing of the mix and / or a shortened mixing time. Furthermore, it should be possible in a simple manner to coordinate the nature and / or composition of the mix, be it coarse-grained or fine-grained or powdery or pasty or the like. Furthermore, the adaptation of the mixer to the respective requirements and / or conditions of use is to be made possible in a simple manner, and complicated conversions should be avoided. Also, in particular during the execution of the mixing process of a mixed material, the rotational speeds and / or rotational speed ratios of the various mixing tools should be predeterminable and / or variable in a simple manner.

The solution of this task is carried out according to the features specified in the first claim.

The inventively proposed mixer is characterized by a simple and yet functionally reliable construction and allows easy adaptation to the particular conditions of use and / or requirements. The mixer contains a second, preferably electric drive motor, which is coupled to the second mixing tool via a second gear arranged on the mixer rotor. Thus, the first and the second mixing tool can be operated at different speeds, especially since the rotational speeds of the two drive motors preferably via electrical frequency converter in quite large control ranges, preferably between 10 to 100 Hz, in particular between 25 to 75 Hz, are controlled can. By means of a drive motor, the mixer rotor is also preferably driven, in particular via a planetary gear, which has a arranged on the mixer rotor or a fixed upper part of the mixer sprocket. In an advantageous manner, one of the two aforementioned transmissions has, in addition to the output or the output shaft for the associated mixing tool, a second output or a second output shaft, in particular for the planetary gear and / or for driving the mixer rotor.

Furthermore, another mixing tool is advantageously connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the mixing-machine rotor in an advantageous manner. According to the invention, the three different mixing tools are thus driven in each case at different rotational speeds, whereby both an optimized adaptation to the respective operating conditions and also an optimized and / or rapid mixing of the mixed material are achieved. A uniform or optimized mixing of the mixed material is made possible with the mixer according to the invention and / or the mixing method according to the invention which can be carried out with the mixer, preferably with a considerably shortened mixing time. The mixer rotor is also advantageously mounted by means of a large roller bearing with respect to the support frame. The mixing rotor includes a housing in which said gearboxes are encapsulated and sealed to the outside. The mixer rotor with the mixing tools and arranged on the support frame or stator two drive motors form a structural unit, which is mounted on top of the mixing trough and sealed in particular by means of an annular sealing member such that parts of the mix and / or even contaminants from the environment of penetration be kept away and a high reliability and durability is achieved.

Particular embodiments and further developments are specified in the dependent claims and the following description of exemplary embodiments.

Fig. 1

teilweise geschnitten und als Ansicht ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel,

Fig. 2

teilweise geschnitten und als Ansicht ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel,

Fig. 3

perspektivisch den Mischwerksrotor samt den auf dem Oberteil angeordneten beiden Antriebsmotoren gemäß Fig. 2,

Fig. 4

teilweise geschnitten und als Ansicht ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the drawing, without being limited in this respect. In schematic representations:

Fig. 1

partially sectioned and as a first embodiment,

Fig. 2

partially cut and as a view of a second embodiment,

Fig. 3

in perspective the mixing rotor together with the arranged on the upper part of the two drive motors according to Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4

partially cut and as a third embodiment.

The mixer, which is preferably designed as a planetary mixer, contains for receiving the mixed material a mixing trough 2, which is formed substantially cylindrical and on which a support frame 4 is arranged above. The mix can be introduced in a known manner through suitable openings in the mixing trough 2 and removed after mixing. On the upper side of the support frame 4 with an upper part, a first, in particular electric drive motor 6 is arranged, and on the underside of the support frame 4, a mixing rotor 8 is rotatably mounted and supported, in particular by means of a large rolling bearing 10 indicated by a dashed line in the region of the upper end of the Mixing rotor 8. The first drive motor 6 is in operative operative connection with the mixing rotor 8, in particular by means of a preferably arranged in the mixing rotor 8 first gear 12, which is preferably designed as a planetary gear and with which the mixing rotor 8 according to the double arrow 14 about its substantially vertical central Rotary axis 16 is rotatable in one or the other direction. On the mixer rotor 8, a first mixing tool 18, which is designed here as a mixing star, rotatably arranged and stored. The first mixing tool 18 is connected via the first gear 12 in geared operative connection with the first drive motor 6, wherein by means of the first gear 12, a specific speed ratio between the rotational speed of the mixing plant rotor 8 and the first mixing tool 18 is predetermined. According to the double arrow 20, the first mixing tool 18 can be driven with respect to the mixing mechanism rotor 8 in both directions of rotation.

Furthermore, a second mixing tool 22, which is designed in particular as a swirler, integrated in the mixing plant rotor and / or rotatably mounted in the mixing rotor 8. For the drive of the second mixing tool 22, a second, in particular electric drive motor 24 is provided on the support frame 4, which upper is a second gear 26 in geared operative connection with the second mixing tool 22. In particular, through the integration of the second transmission 26 in the mixing rotor, a compact design and / or a low overall volume can be achieved. The rotational speed and / or the direction of rotation in accordance with the double arrow 28 of the second mixing tool 22 are predetermined independently of the rotational speed and / or direction of rotation of the mixing plant rotor 8 and / or the first mixing tool 18 by means of the second drive motor 24.

The geared connection or operative connection between the first drive motor 6 and the mixing rotor 8 and / or the first gear 12 via a coaxial to the axis of rotation 16 of the mixing rotor 8 hollow shaft 30, which in a fixed in the support frame 4 and / or associated with this upper part 31st is rotatably mounted. The first gear 12 is designed in particular as a planetary gear or alternatively the first gear 12 is coupled via a planetary gear with the hollow shaft 30 and / or with the first drive motor 6 or in operative connection. The operative connection of the second drive motor 24 with the second mixing tool 22 by means of a guided through the hollow shaft 30 to the vertical axis of rotation 16 also coaxial shaft 32 which is mounted in the support frame 4 with the upper part 31 as well as the hollow shaft 30 with associated suitable bearings. In particular, in the mixing rotor 8 or arranged in a support frame 4 gear part is connected to the other shaft 32 gear or connected ring gear 47 of said planetary gear for geared coupling of the second mixing tool 22 rotatable, in a preferred manner regardless of the direction of rotation and the speed of Mixing rotor 8 and / or the first mixing tool 18th

Further, a further mixing tool 34 is arranged and / or stored on the mixing plant rotor 8. The further mixing tool is designed in particular as a scraper and rotatable together with the mixing machine rotor 8 at the same speed and the same direction of rotation in the mixing trough 2 or in the mixing material present there. The mixing rotor 8 formed according to the invention comprises a housing 36 in which said gears 12, 26 are arranged and sealed against external influences as well as against the escape of lubricant, such as gear oil. The aforementioned housing 36 is according to the invention the common gear housing of the two gear 12 and 26. Between the substantially rotationally symmetrical mixing rotor 8 and / or the gear housing 36 on the one hand and the upper part 31 and / or the support frame 4 on the other hand according to the invention is not shown here preferably annular Sealing element arranged to prevent the escape of lubricant or the like into the mix and / or vice versa to protect the gear or transmission parts in the mixing rotor 8 or in the gear cover 31 from the penetration of parts of the mix or other foreign bodies from the outside. The two drive motors 6, 24 are each arranged laterally offset to the central, vertical axis on the upper gear part 31, in which gears or other gear parts are arranged for the geared coupling with the two gearboxes. Furthermore, the transmission upper part 31, which is preferably substantially rotationally symmetrical and / or coaxial with respect to the central axis of rotation 16, has at least approximately and / or substantially the same diameter as the mixing machine rotor 8.

Alternatively, via the hollow shaft 30 in the gearbox upper part 31, the operative connection with the second drive rotor 24, as indicated by dashed line 38, and further, the operative connection of the first drive motor 6 with the mixer rotor 8 and / or the first transmission 12 by means of the hollow shaft 30 carried out further wave 32, as indicated by the dashed line 40. Further, the further shaft 32 may be guided in the axial extension of the output shaft 42 of the second drive motor 24 downward in accordance with the dashed line 44 in the mixing rotor 8 and / or the common gear housing 36 and there arranged with respect to the mixing rotor 8 freely rotatably mounted or non-rotatably Gear or ring gear 46 and / or with the second gear 26 of the second mixing tool 22 are in operative operative connection.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show a second embodiment of the mixer with the two drive motors 6, 24, which are arranged on the fixed upper gear part 31. The upper part 31 includes a flange 48 for attachment to the support frame 4, wherein for sealing an annular sealing element 50 is arranged so that the support frame 4 surrounded mixing rotor 8, as well as the interior 52 of the mixing trough 2, are functionally sealed against external influences. The two drive motors 6, 24 are each connected to a control unit 54, 56, with which the rotational speeds and / or directions of rotation of the drive motors are each predetermined and which are in particular designed as a frequency converter. The power supply of the two preferably designed as three-phase motors drive motors 6, 24 is preferably carried out via electrically upstream frequency converter 54, 56, which in particular can be controlled by a common control unit 58, provided for the respective mixing process speeds and / or speed ratios and / or directions of rotation the drive motors 6, 24 and ultimately specify the various mixing tools.

How out Fig. 3 can be seen, the transmission upper part 31 with the two drive motors mounted thereon 6, 24 and further the mixing plant rotor 8 are combined as a functional unit to form an assembly or assembly. As a result, the production and assembly are not significantly simplified and also any maintenance or service measures can be performed easily. Furthermore, the connection, in particular by means of the flange 48, the said assembly with the mixing trough 2 and / or the support frame 4 in a simple manner to produce or to solve if necessary, with little installation effort is required. The mixing rotor 8 situated substantially below the upper part 31 and / or the flange 48 has the gear housing 36, which is essentially rotationally symmetrical, preferably cylindrical, with respect to the axis of rotation 16. At the mixer rotor 8, two further mixing tools 34, 35, expediently diametrically arranged, which are preferably designed as Außenabstreifschaufel 34 or Räumschaufel 35 and the cylindrical inner wall or the bottom of the mixing trough 2 are assigned. The further mixing tools 34, 35 are fastened by means of bearings 60 on or on the mixer rotor 8. The bearings 60 are designed such that in particular by loosening and tightening screws or the like, an axial and / or radial alignment of the other mixing tools 34, 35 with respect to the mixing trough 2 or its inner wall or floor can be made. In Fig. 3 For the sake of simplicity, only the transmission output shaft for the second mixing tool is shown, which is designed in particular as a swirler.

The mixing method according to the invention which can be carried out with the proposed mixer enables the change and / or predefinition of different rotational speeds of the first mixing tool 18 and the second mixing tool 22 as well as the specification of the respective directions of rotation to be functionally reliable. Furthermore, different mixing methods with the mixer adapted to the respective mix can be carried out in a simple manner without costly conversion measures. Furthermore, during the execution of a mixing process, in particular by changing and / or specifying the rotational speed of the second drive motor 24, the rotational speed of the second mixing tool 22, in particular configured as a swirler, can be easily adapted in accordance with the existing and / or achieved degree of mixing of the mixed material or the direction of rotation, in particular of the second mixing tool 22, reverse. Furthermore, an interval specification and / or change of the rotational speed and / or the direction of rotation of the second mixing tool 22 can be carried out without further ado, irrespective of the rotational speed and / or direction of rotation of the mixing mechanism rotor 8 and of the first mixing tool 18. The mixing process is preferably controlled via the common control device 58, which controls the speeds and / or the directions of rotation of the two drive motors 6, 24 via the preferably designed as a frequency converter control units 54, 56. The preferably designed as a three-phase motors drive motors 6, 24 are designed in particular for a speed of 1475 revolutions per minute when fed with 50 Hz three-phase current, by means of the frequency converter 54, 56, the feeding of the drive motors 6, 24 independently of each other in a wide frequency range, preferably between 10-100 Hz, in particular between 25-250 Hz can be specified. Depending on the design of the transmission is at feed with 50 Hz, the speed of the mixing plant rotor 8 in the range between 10-20 revolutions per minute, preferably substantially 15 revolutions per minute. Compared to the rotational speed of the mixing plant rotor 8, the rotational speed of the first mixing tool 18 is set considerably greater, specifically by a factor of preferably between 2 and 4, so that the rotational speed can be predetermined essentially between 30-60 when feeding the first drive motor 6 at 50 Hz , In addition, in the context of the invention is of crucial importance that the speed and the direction of rotation of the second mixing tool 22 is substantially higher predetermined than the speed of the first mixing tool 18 and according to the invention is independent of the latter changeable. By appropriate design of the second transmission, the factor can be specified in particular in the range of 5-10. Furthermore, the second transmission can be designed such that in particular by replacing a pair of wheels, the latter factor can be specified much higher, such that at a feed of the second drive motor 24 at 50 Hz, the speed of the second mixing tool 22 at least approximately 590-1500 revolutions per minute. It should be noted that by setting and / or changing the frequency of the control unit or the frequency converter 54, the rotational speed of the second mixing tool 22 can be predefined and / or changed accordingly.

Fig. 4 shows a third embodiment of the mixer, the mixing trough 2 at the upper end formed as a ring and firmly connected support frame 4 for fixed nonetheless releasable connection with the transmission upper part 31, in particular by means of the flange 48, ie, the assembly with the two drive motors 6, 24th and the already explained transmissions or transmission parts. In the upper gear part 31, as well as in the gear housing 36 of the mixing plant rotor 8, the bearings of the various gears and the hollow shaft 30 are schematically indicated by hatching. At the underside facing the mixer rotor 8, the upper gear part 31 has the ring gear 47 with which an associated pinion or gear 62 of the first gear 12 engages or meshes. The rotation of the mixing mechanism rotor 8 is thus accomplished via the toothed wheels and the hollow shaft 30 which are arranged in the gearbox upper part 31 and are in operative connection with the first drive motor 6. Furthermore, the rotation of the first mixing tool 18 is performed via the first gear 12 and / or the output shaft coupled to the first mixing tool 18.

As indicated by dashed lines, alternatively, the mixing rotor 8 'may have the ring gear 47', with which a gear or pinion 62 'rotatably mounted in the transmission top 31 and in operative connection with the first drive motor 6 is engaged, thus surrounding the mixer rotor 8 vertical axis of rotation 16 to rotate. In this case, only the drive of the first mixing tool 18 takes place via the hollow shaft 30 and the first gear 12.

reference numeral

2

mixing trough

4

supporting frame

6

first drive motor

8th

Mixer rotor

10

Storage / slewing bearings

12

first transmission

14

double arrow

16

vertical axis of rotation

18

first mixing tool / mixing star

20

double arrow

22

second mixing tool / whirler

24

second drive motor

26

second gear

28

double arrow

30

hollow shaft

31

Transmission shell

32

another wave

34, 35

another mixing tool

36

gearbox

38, 40

dashed line

42

Output shaft of 24

44

Extension of 42 / dashed line

46

gear

47

sprocket

48

Flange of 31

50

sealing element

52

Interior of 2

54, 56

Frequency converter / control unit

58

control device

60

Storage of 34, 35

62

Gear / pinion of 12

64

Sealing element between 8 and 31

Claims (10)

1. A mixer, comprising a mixing trough (2), a mixing plant rotor (8) that is rotatable substantially about a vertical axis of rotation (16) by means of a first drive motor (6), on which a first mixing tool (18) and a second mixing tool (22) are rotatably arranged about respective axes of rotation, wherein the two mixing tools (18, 22) project into the mixing trough (2) or into a mixing material from the top, a first gearing (12) arranged on the mixing plant rotor (8), via which the first mixing tool (18) is coupled to the first drive motor (6), and further including an upper part (31), on which the first drive motor (6) is arranged, and on the bottom side of which the mixing plant rotor (8) is arranged in a rotatably mounted manner, wherein the upper part (31) is fixed with a support frame arranged on the mixing trough (2) and wherein the upper part (31) with the first drive motor (6) fastened thereon and a second drive motor (24) fastened thereon and the mixing plant rotor (8) as function unit are combined into an assembly, wherein the diameter of the upper part (31) is at least approximately identical in size to the diameter of the mixing plant rotor (8) which with respect to the vertical axis of rotation (16) is formed in a rotation-symmetrical manner,
   characterized in that
   on the mixing plant rotor (8) a second gearing (26) is arranged, via which the second mixing tool (22) is coupled to the second drive motor (24) arranged on the upper part (31), wherein corresponding to the rotational speed of the second drive motor (24) the rotational speed of the second mixing tool (22) can be pre-set or varied independently of the rotational speed of the mixing plant rotor (8) and of the first mixing tool (18), in that the upper part is formed as gearing upper part (31), which includes toothed wheels or gearing parts, by means of which in each case the gearing coupling between the drive motors (6, 24) to the two associated gearings (12, 26) arranged in the mixing plant rotor (8) takes place separately, in that the gearing upper part (31) and the mixing plant rotor (8) form a housing in which the mentioned gearing is encapsulated and sealed off towards the outside by means of a sealing element (64) arranged between the gearing upper part (31) and the mixing plant rotor (8), in that a hollow shaft (30) that is coaxial to the axis of rotation (16) mounted in the gearing upper part (31) reaches into the mixing plant rotor (8), wherein by means of the hollow shaft (30) and a further shaft (32) penetrating said hollow shaft the operational connection of the two drive motors (6, 24) to the associated gearings (12, 26) is effected, and in that a regulating unit (54, 56) is connected upstream of each of the two drive motors (6, 24), by means of which the rotational speed and/or direction of rotation of the drive motors (6, 24) can be pre-set independently of one another.
2. The mixer according to Claim 1, characterized in that the gearing upper part (31) is embodied at least approximately rotation-symmetrically, based on the vertical axis of rotation (16).
3. The mixer according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mixing plant rotor (8) is rotatably mounted by means of a large rolling bearing below the gearing upper part (31).
4. The mixer according to any one of the Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least a further mixing tool (34, 35) is connected to the mixing plant rotor (8) by means of an in particular adjustable mounting (60).
5. The mixer according to any one of the Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the regulating unit (54, 56) is embodied as a frequency converter.
6. The mixer according to Claim 5, characterized in that a common control device (58) is connected upstream of the regulating units (54, 56).
7. The mixer according to any one of the Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that between the support frame (4) and the gearing upper part (31) a ring-shaped sealing element (50) is arranged.
8. The mixer according to any one of the Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the gearing upper part (31) includes a flange (48), by means of which the assembly is releasably connected to the support frame (4).
9. A mixing method, by which mixing material is mixed, wherein a mixer according to any one of the Claims 1 to 8 is used.
10. The mixing method according to Claim 9, characterized in that the rotational speed and/or the direction of rotation of the second drive motor (24), which is coupled to the second mixing tool (22) via the second gearing (26) arranged in the mixing plant rotor (8), can be variably pre-set independently of the rotational speed and/or of the direction of rotation of the first drive motor (6).

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