EP2553533B2 - Device for locking a toothed wheel - Google Patents
Device for locking a toothed wheel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2553533B2 EP2553533B2 EP11714913.8A EP11714913A EP2553533B2 EP 2553533 B2 EP2553533 B2 EP 2553533B2 EP 11714913 A EP11714913 A EP 11714913A EP 2553533 B2 EP2553533 B2 EP 2553533B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- toothed wheel
- elastic
- escapement
- locking device
- wheel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/06—Free escapements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/12—Adjusting; Restricting the amplitude of the lever or the like
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04D—APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES
- G04D3/00—Watchmakers' or watch-repairers' machines or tools for working materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49579—Watch or clock making
Definitions
- the invention relates to a locking device for a gear wheel which is intended in particular in the field of micromechanics. It is well suited to the field of watchmaking where it can, for example, be part of a direct or indirect impulse escapement, especially in a wristwatch.
- European patent application no. EP 2,037,335 A2 relates to an anchor for watch exhaust.
- an anchor having two fixing arms (numbered 7) and an elastic spring provided to be biased in traction (numbered 10).
- the attachment arms are identical, they form an acute angle between them and each have at their free end an annular eyelet (numbered 8).
- the spring is disposed between them, equidistant from one and the other, and is provided at its free end with a fixing plate (numbered 11) having an oblong hole (numbered 12).
- Such an anchor is very difficult to fix accurately. Indeed, it is necessary to fix each of the two eyelets separately then the fixing plate, knowing that it must be screwed in an adjustable manner. There must also be sufficient space around the mounting plate to adjust its position. In addition, this anchor is very sensitive to dimensional variations in its constituent parts, which must then have very limited manufacturing tolerance intervals.
- the main object of the invention is to minimize, or even eliminate, the games related to the displacement of a mobile controlling the rotation of a toothed wheel, so as to increase the performance of the mechanism of which this gear is part. This must be done in a simple and precise way.
- This locking device is represented generally on the figure 1 where it is arranged next to a toothed wheel with which it is intended to cooperate.
- the locking device 1 comprises a blocker 9 comprising two arms 10, 11 forming between them an elbow and an angle (obtuse in the figure but which could be acute) on the side opposite the elbow, c that is to say on the side of the toothed wheel 40.
- the locking device comprises a frame 7 designed to be fixed in a known manner on a support such as a platen or a watch movement bridge, for example by means of holes 8 provided for receiving screws of fixation.
- the flexible blades 12,13 then join this frame 7.
- the flexible blades 12,13 could possibly start from the same arm, provided that their virtual intersection, which defines the pivot point of the blocker, occurs at the appropriate location for the proper operation of the exhaust. However, placing one end of the flexible blades each on one arm maximizes the pivot angle of the device.
- One of the arms, the arm 10, is provided at its free end, or near the latter, with an entry pallet 14 intended to lock a tooth of the toothed wheel 40.
- the other arm 11 is provided, at its end which is not that connected to the arm 10 or close to the latter, of an output pallet 15 intended to come into contact with a tooth of the toothed wheel 40.
- an elastic element 16 is connected to the blocker, preferably at the end of one of the arms, for example at the end of the arm 11.
- This elastic element 16 consists of a block rigid rectangular 17 which extends, on its side transverse to the arm 11 by a flexible blade 18 and, on its other transverse side, by a flexible blade 19.
- This flexible blade 19 can be connected to a fixing block 20.
- the flexible blade 19 is preferably connected to the frame 7.
- the flexible blade 19 is connected to an L-shaped portion 21 which joins the frame 7.
- the sizing of the frame (21), or the fine adjustment of the distance between the block 20 and the frame 7, makes it possible to give a bistable behavior to the mechanism, that is to say that the three-pivot pivoting system allows the blocker 9 to evolve between two stable and well-defined equilibrium positions through an unstable equilibrium position.
- the prestressing can be obtained by appropriate sizing of the parts of the blocking. It can be provided from the design of the locking device. So, on the figure 2 if the L-shaped portion 21 bears on the blade 19, it indirectly exerts prestressing on the arm 11.
- the block 20 can be fixed near the rigid block 17, at a distance less than the length of the blade 19, so as to press the blade 19.
- the figure 2 represents a blocking device 2 according to the invention, as applied to an exhaust type Robin.
- the end of the arm 10 which is opposite the arm 11 extends, beyond the input pallet 14, by a fork-shaped portion 22 provided to cooperate with a rocker whose only plateau 23 is represented on the figure 2 .
- the figure 3 represents the locking device according to the invention, as applied to a relaxation-type escapement. Therefore, a trigger 25, which is connected in known manner to the blocker 9, cooperates with an unlocking pin 26 fixed on the plate 27 of a rocker shown in FIG. Similarly, a pulse pallet 28 is provided on a part integral with the balance to be driven by the escapement wheel 40. All this is well known to those skilled in the art who can find, in reference books dealing with expansion type exhausts, or possibly in the European patent application no. EP-A-1,708,046 , all the details concerning the blocker, fixing and the precise shape of the trigger 25 as well as its cooperation with the balance.
- the locking device according to the invention can be implemented more easily. Indeed, the pivoting by the flexible blades, and especially the bistable behavior of the system, requires a good control of the dimensions and positioning of the various elements.
- the solution described in the application EP 2,037,335 is very problematic from this point of view, because the elastic elements are each secured separately to the watch movement. If the blocker 9, the elastic elements 12, 13, 16 and, where appropriate, other elements of the device according to the embodiment chosen, are made in one piece with the frame 7, it is the latter that is secured to the movement during assembly and the relative positioning of the various elements is not changed by the assembly of the locking device in the watch movement.
- the operation of the three-joint system is improved by virtue of a prestressing system acting on the elastic element 16.
- This elastic prestressing system allows better control of the prestressing force than with the geometrical prestressing method. This makes it possible to reduce the sensitivity of the bistable behavior to the dimensional errors of the constituent parts of the locking device according to the invention and thus makes it possible to increase the dimensional tolerances.
- This prestressing system constantly exerts an elastic force on the elastic element 16 by through the blades 31 and 32 ( figure 4 ) which are prestressed.
- the prestressing system is adjustable, that is to say it is capable of varying the stress exerted on the elastic element 16.
- FIG 4 is shown another way to realize an adjustable elastic prestressing system. It consists of connecting the blade 19 of the elastic member 16 to an additional block 30 which is itself connected to the frame 7 by means of flexible blades 31,32 which play a guiding role. By then moving, for example by means of a screw (not shown), the additional block 30, the prestress exerted on the elastic element 16 is exerted and varied. This prestress can also be increased by adequate sizing of the part 7a of the frame 7 to which the flexible blades 31, 32 are connected.
- FIG. figure 5 is shown an advantageous variant of the embodiment shown in FIG. figure 4 .
- the additional block 30 is not connected directly to the frame 7, but by means of a block intermediate 33 which is itself connected to the frame 7 by flexible blades 34,35 which play a guiding role.
- the blocker 9 adopts a bistable behavior, that is to say that it can no longer oscillate freely around a position of equilibrium single center, but switches from one extreme stable position to another. Increased security is thus obtained: during the unlocking phase before the impulse, the pulling torque due to the bistable flexible pivot formed by the elastic blades 12, 13 is added to the pulling force of the escape wheel 40. This pulling torque determines the dynamic behavior of the flexible pivot. If we compare this system with a conventional expansion exhaust, we see that the return torque of the bistable flexible pivot replaces the return torque of the spring of the conventional expansion escapement.
- the intermediate block 33 comprises a stud 36 and the frame 7 comprises a recess 37 adapted to receive this stud and to delimit its movements.
- the stud 36 therefore acts as a limit stop, in order to secure the system and prevent accidental breaks during the application of the prestressing. Indeed, the displacement of the stud 36 is limited by the walls of the recess 37. Its maximum displacement is intended to remain less than the displacement corresponding to the breaking stress.
- the figure 6 represents the use of the locking device which has just been described in a relaxation-type escapement. Only the shape of the frame 7 is different here from that of the chassis of the figure 5 .
- the locking device according to the invention also has several advantages over systems known from the state of the art, in particular the European patent application no. EP 2,037,335 A2 which concerns an anchor for watch exhaust.
- the figures 7 and 8 show that the first two elements forming the pivot are placed on the same side of the blocker and having between them an angle much less than 90 ° (30 ° in the case of the figure 7 ), with the third element placed on the bisector and within the angle formed by the first two elements (see paragraph 22, 1.43-48).
- the angle between the first two elements that form the pivot is much less than 90 °, which makes the system sensitive to imperfections.
- the elastic energy is stored integrally in the two pivoting elements, by buckling of the blades.
- the angle between the first two elements which form the pivot is generally 90 ° and can even be higher.
- the force is in turn preferentially applied in a direction which is outside the sector formed by the two pivoting elements, so that only one blade is stressed in compression and thus by buckling, the other blade being stressed in tension.
- the influence of dimensional variation on the critical load is therefore significantly reduced, so that manufacturing tolerances are much less critical for the operation of the system.
- the distribution between the compressive (buckling) and tensile stresses can moreover be adjusted with the angle between the two first elastic elements and with the orientation of the force F with respect to the first two elastic elements.
- the elastic energy is stored largely in the third elastic element.
- the locking device according to the invention therefore advantageously offers the possibility of providing that one of the first and second elastic elements works in traction and the other in compression, which is impossible with the anchor being the subject of the application. aforementioned patent.
- the adjustment of the constraints by the third element is facilitated because it is not hindered by the first and second elastic elements, as is the case with the aforementioned anchor.
- the blocking device according to the invention extends in a single plane and can be made in one piece, for example in silicon using the DRIE ("Deep Reaction Ion Etching") method or in Ni or NiP using the UV-LiGA process ("Lithography, Galvanoformung, Abformung”). These two methods make it possible to manufacture the locking device according to the invention while respecting the strict tolerances required.
- DRIE Deep Reaction Ion Etching
- Ni or NiP using the UV-LiGA process
- the locking device according to the invention in two or three parts, that is to say by providing that one or / and the other of the pallets is / are mounted (s) on the blocker. Ruby palettes can then be used to allow fine adjustment of the penetrations.
- the gear lock device according to the invention is applicable to many mechanisms, in particular to direct-impulse exhaust mechanisms, such as Robin type or expansion type exhausts. a timepiece, especially in a wristwatch.
- Direct impulse escapement means that the impulse of the sprocket is directly communicated to the pendulum.
- an exhaust type Robin in which the pin 41 secured to the rocker interacts with a fork 44 extending the end of the arm 10 of the blocker 9, in order to release the latter and release the toothed wheel 40.
- the latter is released at each alternation but transmits an impulse only to alternating out of two: it is therefore a blowout escapement.
- the locking device according to the invention also applies to escapements with an indirect impulse, such as the Swiss lever escapement.
- the frame 7 advantageously allows to directly integrate the limit stops 47,48 of the movement of the anchor 45, which are also called stars.
- the frame 7 is in fact provided with an opening 51 allowing the rotation of the pin 41 carried by the plate integral with the balance and the displacement of the fork 46.
- the increased precision of the pivoting provided by the invention has the advantage of making it possible to eliminate a security.
- a Swiss lever escapement such as that shown on the figure 9 (Just as in the case of an exhaust type Robin)
- the angular rigidity of the blocker 9 can be modified and adjusted until a bistable operating mode is achieved.
- the potential energy of the system then has two wells of potential clearly defined around a maximum and allowing a very precise pivoting of the blocker from one position to another.
- variable pretensioning system locking device 3 visible on the figure 3 after having fixed the locking device on the movement stage of the timepiece, the eccentric screw 29 is rotated until a bistable system is obtained.
- the main advantage of such an exhaust is to increase the safety against shocks.
- Another advantage lies in the fact that the stop element of the trigger rocker is not brought back into the path of the teeth of the escape wheel by a spring reinforced by the balance, but by the sliding surface against which acts a tooth of the escape wheel to move the rocker to the locking position of the escape wheel. The energy consumed is lower and is not provided by the balance wheel, but by the escape wheel, minimizing the disturbance of the oscillation period of the balance-balance oscillator.
- this trigger rocker with a stop element and a sliding surface which penetrate alternately in the path of the toothing of the escape wheel is an additional security.
- the stop element of the trigger rocker comprises a safety surface located outside the path of the teeth of the escape wheel and adjacent to this path in the unlocking position of the trigger rocker.
- the length of this safety surface corresponds to the angle traveled by the escape wheel to communicate the driving pulse to the balance, to prevent the premature return of the stop element in the trajectory of the teeth of the wheel. exhaust. It is therefore still a second additional security.
- the exhaust illustrated by the figure 11 comprises an escape wheel 1 'whose circular trajectory of the teeth intersects the trajectory of a pulse pallet 2' integral with the balance 3 'associated with a spiral (not shown).
- a trigger rocker 4 ' can move freely between two stops 5', 6 '. It comprises on the one hand a stop element whose abutment face 4a 'serves to stop a tooth of the escape wheel 1' and secondly a sliding surface 4b 'to allow a tooth of the wheel exhaust sliding on this surface 4b 'and tilt the rocker in the opposite direction of that of the clockwise to bring the stop face in the path of the teeth of the escape wheel 1'.
- This trigger rocker 4 'further comprises an elastic release element 4c' bearing against a stop 4d and whose free end enters the path of a release finger 7 'integral with the balance 3'.
- the stop element of the trigger rocker 4 ' still has a safety surface 4' which is situated outside the path of the teeth of the escape wheel 1 'and adjacent to this trajectory when the trigger rocker 4 'press against the stop 5' ( Figures 13 to 16 ). This surface extends over an angle of the escape wheel 1 'corresponding to the angle during which a tooth of the escape wheel communicates its pulse to the pulse pallet 2' of the balance 3 '.
- the phase illustrated by the figure 12 corresponds to the moment when the release finger 7 'integral with the rocker arm 3' meets the elastic disengagement member 4c 'bearing against the stop 4d'. Due to the abutment 4d 'and the direction of rotation opposite that of the clockwise balance 3', the elastic release element 4c 'behaves as a rigid element.
- the trigger rocker 4 'then passes under the action of the release finger 7' of the abutment against the stop 6 'in abutment against the stop 5' ( figure 13 ), thus releasing the escape wheel 1 'whose tooth was stopped by the abutment face 4a' of the stop element of the trigger rocker 4 '.
- This impulse phase ends when the tooth of the escape wheel leaves the impulse pallet, i.e., substantially in the position illustrated by the figure 15 .
- the safety surface 4e 'of the stop element of the trigger rocker 4' prevents the stop member from entering the path of the teeth of the escape wheel 1 ', following an impact for example.
- the escape wheel 1 ' After the impulse phase, the escape wheel 1 'continues its rotation and one of its teeth meets the sliding surface 4b' ( figure 16 ). By sliding against this surface 4b ', the tooth of the escape wheel rotates the rocker 4' in the opposite direction of that of the clockwise and returns it against the stop 6 '( figure 17 ). This tilting also brings the stop element of the rocker 4 'into the path of the teeth of the escape wheel 1', so that a tooth of the escape wheel abuts against the abutment face 4a ' of the stop element and exerts on the rocker 4 'a couple which holds it against the stop 6' ( figure 18 ).
- the pendulum 3 continuously continues its rotation until it is stopped by the hairspring and is driven in a counter-clockwise rotation ( figure 21 ), thus starting a new oscillation cycle.
- the detent escapement shown on the Figures 11 to 21 can be improved by adding a frame, elastic blades, etc., to achieve the exhaust shown on the figure 3 .
- the improved exhaust has its own behavior whose primary purpose is to increase the safety of operation.
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Description
L'invention concerne un dispositif de blocage pour roue dentée qui est destiné en particulier au domaine de la micromécanique. Il convient bien au domaine de l'horlogerie où il peut, par exemple, faire partie d'un échappement à impulsion directe ou indirecte, notamment dans une montre-bracelet.The invention relates to a locking device for a gear wheel which is intended in particular in the field of micromechanics. It is well suited to the field of watchmaking where it can, for example, be part of a direct or indirect impulse escapement, especially in a wristwatch.
Dans le domaine de l'horlogerie, on utilise depuis des siècles un mécanisme de montre appelé « échappement » et qui a pour but d'entretenir et de compter les oscillations du balancier ou de la pendule de la pièce d'horlogerie. A cet effet, le mécanisme communique périodiquement une partie de l'énergie motrice d'un barillet, par le biais d'une roue dentée appelée « roue d'échappement », à l'organe régulateur (balancier-spiral ou pendule) de la montre ou horloge. Lorsque cette roue dentée n'est pas en mouvement, elle est bloquée par un mobile appelé « ancre » ou « bloqueur » suivant le type d'échappement utilisé.In the field of watchmaking, for centuries has been used a watch mechanism called "escapement" and whose purpose is to maintain and count oscillations pendulum or pendulum of the timepiece. For this purpose, the mechanism periodically communicates part of the driving energy of a cylinder, via a toothed wheel called "escape wheel", to the regulating member (balance spring or pendulum) of the watch or clock. When this toothed wheel is not moving, it is blocked by a mobile called "anchor" or "blocker" depending on the type of exhaust used.
L'inconvénient majeur de cet échappement est que les déplacements dudit mobile s'effectuent avec des jeux fonctionnels importants, ce qui affecte négativement les performances de l'échappement.The major disadvantage of this escapement is that the movements of said mobile are performed with significant functional play, which adversely affects the performance of the exhaust.
La demande de brevet européen n°
Une telle ancre est très difficile à fixer avec précision. En effet, il faut fixer chacun des deux oeillets séparément puis la plaque de fixation, sachant que celle-ci doit pouvoir être vissée de manière ajustable. Il faut aussi prévoir un espace suffisant autour de la plaque de fixation pour pouvoir régler sa position. De surcroît, cette ancre est très sensible aux variations dimensionnelles de ses parties constitutives, lesquelles doivent alors avoir des intervalles de tolérance de fabrication très restreints.Such an anchor is very difficult to fix accurately. Indeed, it is necessary to fix each of the two eyelets separately then the fixing plate, knowing that it must be screwed in an adjustable manner. There must also be sufficient space around the mounting plate to adjust its position. In addition, this anchor is very sensitive to dimensional variations in its constituent parts, which must then have very limited manufacturing tolerance intervals.
Le but principal de l'invention est de minimiser, voire d'éliminer, les jeux liés au déplacement d'un mobile contrôlant la rotation d'une roue dentée, de façon à augmenter les performances du mécanisme dont cette roue dentée fait partie. Ceci doit pouvoir être effectué de façon simple et précise.The main object of the invention is to minimize, or even eliminate, the games related to the displacement of a mobile controlling the rotation of a toothed wheel, so as to increase the performance of the mechanism of which this gear is part. This must be done in a simple and precise way.
Ce but est atteint au moyen d'un dispositif de blocage, dont les caractéristiques essentielles sont déclinées au point 1 suivant :
- 1.- Dispositif de blocage pour roue dentée comprenant :
- un châssis ;
- un bloqueur comprenant deux bras munis chacun d'une palette destinée à venir en contact avec une dent de la roue dentée ;
- un premier et un deuxième éléments élastiques ayant chacun une extrémité reliée au bloqueur et une autre extrémité reliée au châssis;
- un troisième élément élastique relié au bloqueur,
Ainsi, grâce à ces caractéristiques, le dispositif de blocage selon l'invention permet un positionnement relatif amélioré de l'ensemble des pièces constitutives du mécanisme. Il peut de cette manière être plan, ce qui facilite sa fixation. De plus, il peut être fabriqué avec des intervalles de tolérance supérieurs, ce qui rend sa fabrication moins délicate.
Pour l'homme du métier, le dispositif de blocage selon l'invention s'apparente à une ancre ou à un bloqueur pour échappement d'horlogerie. Ce n'est pas à proprement parler un échappement car il n'en comporte pas tous les organes constitutifs (Cf. « Dictionnaire professionnel illustré de l'horlogerie I+II », de G.-A. Berner).
Des caractéristiques supplémentaires avantageuses du dispositif de blocage selon l'invention définie aupoint 1 ci-dessus sont égrenées auxpoints 2 à 15 ci-dessous : - 2.- Dispositif de blocage pour roue dentée selon le
point 1, dans lequel les premier et deuxième éléments élastiques sont chacun reliés à un bras.
Une telle caractéristique a l'avantage de permettre d'obtenir un angle de pivotement plus important que si les deux éléments élastiques étaient reliés du même côté, comme c'est le cas dans la demande de brevet européen citée en introduction. - 3.- Dispositif de blocage pour roue dentée selon le
point 1 ou 2, dans lequel le troisième élément élastique est relié à l'un des bras à un endroit différent de la zone de jonction de ces bras.
Ceci offre avantageusement la possibilité de prévoir que l'un des premier et deuxième éléments élastiques travaille en traction et l'autre en compression, ce qui est impossible avec l'ancre faisant l'objet de la demande de brevet précitée. En outre, le réglage des contraintes par le troisième élément est facilité car il n'est pas gêné par les premier et deuxième éléments élastiques, comme c'est le cas avec l'ancre susmentionnée. - 4.- Dispositif de blocage pour roue dentée selon le
point 3, dans lequel le troisième élément élastique est relié à l'extrémité de l'un des bras.
Ainsi, on maximise les possibilités de réglage de la traction et/ou de la compression des premier et deuxième éléments élastiques. - 5.- Dispositif de blocage pour roue dentée selon l'un des
points 1 à 4, dans lequel les premier et deuxième éléments élastiques forment entre eux un angle obtus. - 6.- Dispositif de blocage pour roue dentée selon l'un des
points 1 à 5, dans lequel les premier et deuxième éléments élastiques sont des première et deuxième lames flexibles. - 7.- Dispositif de blocage pour roue dentée selon l'un des
points 1 à 6, dans lequel le troisième élément élastique est un bloc rigide comportant, sur deux côtés opposés, une troisième et une quatrième lames flexibles. - 8.- Dispositif de blocage pour roue dentée selon l'un des
points 1 à 7, dans lequel le troisième élément élastique est également relié au châssis. - 9.- Dispositif de blocage pour roue dentée selon le
point 7, dans lequel la quatrième lame flexible est reliée à un bloc supplémentaire, celui-ci étant, le cas échéant, relié au châssis.
Il va de soi qu'il est possible de combiner ensemble au moins deux de ces points, sauf en cas d'impossibilité technique.
Par ailleurs, l'invention se rapporte également à une pièce d'horlogerie, résumée au point suivant : - 10.- Pièce d'horlogerie comprenant un dispositif de blocage pour roue dentée selon l'un des
points 1 à 9.
Lepoint 11 ci-dessous fournit des caractéristiques supplémentaires avantageuses de la pièce d'horlogerie selon l'invention : - 11.- Pièce d'horlogerie selon le
point 10, le dispositif de blocage faisant partie d'un échappement et la roue dentée étant une roue d'échappement.
- 1.- Locking device for a gear wheel comprising:
- a chassis ;
- a blocker comprising two arms each provided with a pallet intended to come into contact with a tooth of the toothed wheel;
- first and second resilient members each having one end connected to the blocker and another end connected to the frame;
- a third elastic element connected to the blocker,
Thus, thanks to these characteristics, the locking device according to the invention allows improved relative positioning of all the constituent parts of the mechanism. In this way it can be flat, which facilitates its fixation. In addition, it can be manufactured with higher tolerance intervals, which makes its manufacture less delicate.
For the skilled person, the locking device according to the invention is similar to an anchor or a blocker for watch exhaust. This is not strictly speaking an escapement because it does not include all the constituent parts (see "Professional Illustrated Dictionary of Watchmaking I + II" by G.-A. Berner).
Additional advantageous features of the blocking device according to the invention defined inpoint 1 above are etched atpoints 2 to 15 below: - 2.- blocking device for a gear according to
item 1, wherein the first and second elastic members are each connected to an arm.
Such a characteristic has the advantage of allowing a greater pivot angle to be obtained than if the two elastic elements were connected to the same side, as is the case in the European patent application mentioned in the introduction. - 3.- Locking device for a gear wheel according to
point
This advantageously offers the possibility of providing that one of the first and second elastic elements works in traction and the other in compression, which is impossible with the anchor subject of the aforementioned patent application. In addition, the adjustment of the constraints by the third element is facilitated because it is not hindered by the first and second elastic elements, as is the case with the aforementioned anchor. - 4.- Locking device for a gear wheel according to
point 3, wherein the third elastic element is connected to the end of one of the arms.
Thus, the possibilities of adjusting the traction and / or the compression of the first and second elastic elements are maximized. - 5.- Locking device for a gear wheel according to one of the
points 1 to 4, wherein the first and second elastic elements form between them an obtuse angle. - 6. A locking device for a gear wheel according to one of the
points 1 to 5, wherein the first and second elastic members are first and second flexible blades. - 7. A locking device for a gear wheel according to one of the
points 1 to 6, wherein the third elastic member is a rigid block having, on two opposite sides, a third and a fourth flexible blades. - 8.- Locking device for a gear wheel according to one of the
points 1 to 7, wherein the third elastic element is also connected to the frame. - 9.- Locking device for a gear wheel according to
point 7, wherein the fourth flexible blade is connected to an additional block, the latter being, where appropriate, connected to the frame.
It goes without saying that it is possible to combine together at least two of these points, except in the case of technical impossibility.
Furthermore, the invention also relates to a timepiece, summarized in the following point: - 10. Timepiece comprising a locking device for a toothed wheel according to one of the
points 1 to 9.
Thepoint 11 below provides additional advantageous features of the timepiece according to the invention: - 11. Timepiece according to
item 10, the locking device forming part of an exhaust and the toothed wheel being an escape wheel.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention vont maintenant être décrits en détail dans l'exposé qui suit et qui est donné en référence aux figures annexées qui représentent schématiquement :
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figure 1 : un dispositif de blocage selon l'invention ; -
figure 2 : un dispositif de blocage selon l'invention appliqué à un échappement du type Robin ; -
figure 3 : un mode avantageux de réalisation du dispositif de blocage selon l'invention appliqué à un échappement du type à détente avec vis excentrique ; -
figure 4 : un autre mode avantageux de réalisation du dispositif de blocage selon l'invention appliqué à un échappement du type à détente ; -
figure 5 : un mode de réalisation du dispositif de blocage selon l'invention qui est une amélioration de celui de lafigure 4 ; -
figure 6 : l'application du mode de réalisation de lafigure 5 à un échappement du type détente avec plateau inertiel ; -
figure 7 : l'application du mode de réalisation de lafigure 5 à un échappement à détente classique ; -
figure 8 : l'application du mode de réalisation de lafigure 5 à un échappement du type Robin avec une ancre ; -
figure 9 : l'application du mode de réalisation de lafigure 5 à un échappement à impulsion indirecte, du type à ancre suisse classique ; -
figure 10 : un agrandissement d'une partie de lafigure 9 ; - la
figure 11 est une vue en plan d'une partie d'un échappement similaire à l'échappement représenté sur lafigure 3 , sans les éléments flexibles et le châssis ; et - les
figures 12 à 21 représentent l'échappement de lafigure 11 à plus grande échelle, sans le balancier, dans différentes positions au cours d'un cycle d'oscillation.
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figure 1 a blocking device according to the invention; -
figure 2 a blocking device according to the invention applied to a Robin type escapement; -
figure 3 : an advantageous embodiment of the locking device according to the invention applied to a relaxation type escapement with eccentric screw; -
figure 4 another advantageous embodiment of the locking device according to the invention applied to an escapement of the expansion type; -
figure 5 : an embodiment of the locking device according to the invention which is an improvement of that of thefigure 4 ; -
figure 6 : the application of the embodiment of thefigure 5 an escapement of the relaxation type with inertial plate; -
figure 7 : the application of the embodiment of thefigure 5 to a conventional detent escapement; -
figure 8 : the application of the embodiment of thefigure 5 a Robin escapement with an anchor; -
figure 9 : the application of the embodiment of thefigure 5 an indirect impulse escapement of the classic Swiss anchor type; -
figure 10 : an enlargement of part of thefigure 9 ; - the
figure 11 is a plan view of a portion of an exhaust similar to the exhaust shown on thefigure 3 , without the flexible elements and the chassis; and - the
Figures 12 to 21 represent the escape of thefigure 11 on a larger scale, without the pendulum, in different positions during an oscillation cycle.
Ce dispositif de blocage est représenté de manière générale sur la
Comme on peut le voir sur la figure, le dispositif de blocage 1 comprend un bloqueur 9 comportant deux bras 10, 11 formant entre eux un coude et un angle (obtus sur la figure mais qui pourrait être aigu) du côté opposé au coude, c'est-à-dire du côté de la roue dentée 40.As can be seen in the figure, the
Du côté opposé à la roue dentée 40, depuis des points situés à proximité du coude ou de la zone de jonction des bras 10,11, s'étendent des lames flexibles 12,13, une par bras 10, 11, qui forment un angle entre elles, par exemple, de 90 degrés.On the opposite side to the
De préférence, le dispositif de blocage selon l'invention comprend un châssis 7 prévu pour être fixé de façon connue sur un support tel qu'une platine ou un pont de mouvement horloger, par exemple au moyen de trous 8 prévus pour recevoir des vis de fixation. Les lames flexibles 12,13 rejoignent alors ce châssis 7.Preferably, the locking device according to the invention comprises a
Bien entendu, les lames flexibles 12,13 pourraient éventuellement partir d'un même bras, à condition que leur intersection virtuelle, qui définit le point de pivotement du bloqueur, se produise à l'endroit approprié pour le bon fonctionnement de l'échappement. Cependant, le fait de placer une extrémité des lames flexibles chacune sur un bras permet de maximiser l'angle de pivotement du dispositif.Of course, the
L'un des bras, le bras 10, est muni à son extrémité libre, ou à proximité de cette dernière, d'une palette d'entrée 14 destinée à bloquer une dent de la roue dentée 40.One of the arms, the
L'autre bras 11 est pourvu, à son extrémité qui n'est pas celle reliée au bras 10, ou à proximité de cette dernière, d'une palette de sortie 15 destinée à venir en contact avec une dent de la roue dentée 40.The
Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, un élément élastique 16 est relié au bloqueur, de préférence à l'extrémité de l'un des bras, par exemple à l'extrémité du bras 11. Cet élément élastique 16 est constitué d'un bloc rigide rectangulaire 17 qui se prolonge, sur son côté transversal tourné vers le bras 11 par une lame flexible 18 et, sur son autre côté transversal, par une lame flexible 19.According to a characteristic of the invention, an
Cette lame flexible 19 peut être reliée à un bloc de fixation 20.This
Cependant, la lame flexible 19 est de préférence reliée au châssis 7. Ainsi, sur la
L'élément élastique 16 est essentiel au bon fonctionnement du dispositif de blocage selon l'invention. En effet, il permet de réaliser un système de pivotement à trois articulations, à savoir :
- une première articulation au châssis au moyen des lames flexibles 12,13 ;
- une deuxième articulation entre le
bras 11 et l'élément élastique 16 au moyen de la lame flexible 18; et - une troisième articulation entre l'élément élastique 16 et le bloc 20 (
figure 1 ) ou la partie 21 en forme de L (figure 2 ), au moyen de la lame flexible 19.
- a first articulation to the frame by means of the
flexible blades - a second articulation between the
arm 11 and theelastic element 16 by means of theflexible blade 18; and - a third articulation between the
elastic element 16 and the block 20 (figure 1 ) or the L-shaped part 21 (figure 2 ) by means of theflexible blade 19.
Un tel système de pivotement à trois articulations est aussi appelé « genouillère ».Such a pivot system with three joints is also called "knee".
Le dimensionnement du châssis (21), ou le réglage fin de la distance entre le bloc 20 et le châssis 7, permet de donner un comportement bistable au mécanisme, c'est-à-dire que le système de pivotement à trois articulations permet au bloqueur 9 d'évoluer entre deux positions d'équilibre stables et bien définies en passant par une position d'équilibre instable.The sizing of the frame (21), or the fine adjustment of the distance between the
La précontrainte peut être obtenue par un dimensionnement approprié des parties du dispositif de blocage. Elle peut être prévue dès la conception du dispositif de blocage. Ainsi, sur la
Sur la
La
Cette partie en forme de fourchette 22 et sa coopération avec le balancier sont bien connues de l'homme du métier. Ce dernier pourra trouver dans les ouvrages de référence traitant des échappements du type Robin, ou éventuellement dans la demande de brevet européen n°
La
Grâce au châssis 7, le dispositif de blocage selon l'invention peut être mis en place plus aisément. En effet, le pivotement par les lames flexibles, et surtout le comportement bistable du système, exige une bonne maîtrise des dimensions et du positionnement des différents éléments. La solution décrite dans la demande
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux de l'invention, le fonctionnement du système à trois articulations est amélioré grâce à un système de précontrainte agissant sur l'élément élastique 16.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the operation of the three-joint system is improved by virtue of a prestressing system acting on the
Ce système de précontrainte élastique permet un meilleur contrôle de la force de précontrainte qu'avec la méthode de la précontrainte géométrique. Ceci permet de réduire la sensibilité du comportement bistable aux erreurs dimensionnelles des pièces constitutives du dispositif de blocage selon l'invention et permet donc d'augmenter les tolérances dimensionnelles.This elastic prestressing system allows better control of the prestressing force than with the geometrical prestressing method. This makes it possible to reduce the sensitivity of the bistable behavior to the dimensional errors of the constituent parts of the locking device according to the invention and thus makes it possible to increase the dimensional tolerances.
Ce système de précontrainte exerce constamment une force élastique sur l'élément élastique 16 par l'intermédiaire des lames 31 et 32 (
De préférence, le système de précontrainte est réglable, c'est-à-dire qu'il est capable de faire varier la contrainte exercée sur l'élément élastique 16.Preferably, the prestressing system is adjustable, that is to say it is capable of varying the stress exerted on the
Ceci peut être obtenu au moyen d'une vis excentrique. Ainsi, comme on peut le voir sur la
Sur la
Sur la
Ainsi, quand on impose un déplacement Δx au bloc intermédiaire 33, les lames 31, 32, 34 et 35 fléchissent de manière identique et le bloc intermédiaire 33 tend à se déplacer vers le haut en même temps que de gauche à droite (sur la
En variante, il est possible de mettre en oeuvre une précontrainte extérieure agissant comme un ressort additionnel exerçant une force F sur le bloc 30 des
Sur la
Sur la
Ainsi, grâce au système de précontrainte géométrique ou élastique, qu'il soit variable ou fixe, le bloqueur 9 adopte un comportement bistable, c'est-à-dire qu'il ne peut plus osciller librement autour d'une position d'équilibre centrale unique, mais bascule d'une position extrême stable à une autre. On obtient donc une sécurité accrue : pendant la phase de déverrouillage avant impulsion, on ajoute à la force de tirage de la roue d'échappement 40 le couple de tirage dû au pivot flexible bistable formé par les lames élastiques 12,13. Ce couple de tirage détermine le comportement dynamique du pivot flexible. Si on compare ce système à un échappement à détente classique, on voit que le couple de rappel du pivot flexible bistable remplace le couple de rappel du ressort de l'échappement à détente classique.Thus, thanks to the geometric or elastic prestressing system, whether variable or fixed, the
Ceci procure un avantage majeur : une partie de l'énergie normalement nécessaire pour le déverrouillage d'un bloqueur est récupérée parce que l'angle de menée réel du balancier (angle parcouru entre le moment où le balancier entre en contact avec la fourchette ou le doigt de détente de l'ancre et le moment où le bloqueur libère la roue d'échappement) diminue grâce à la propriété de bi-stabilité qui fait naturellement basculer le bloqueur 9 dans sa deuxième position stable, réduisant ainsi le temps de contact avec le balancier.This provides a major advantage: part of the energy normally required for the unlocking of a blocker is recovered because the actual steering angle of the balance (angle traveled between the moment when the balance comes into contact with the fork or the anchor trigger finger and the moment when the blocker releases the escape wheel) decreases due to the bi-stability property that naturally rocks the
D'autres avantages découlent du système de précontrainte fixe ou variable :
- une meilleure précision due à la suppression du pivotement entre un axe et des paliers et donc la suppression des jeux de pivotement, ce qui aide grandement à la réalisation pratique d'un échappement dont l'ancre montre un très faible angle de basculement, comme l'échappement Robin (3 degrés contre 15 degrés pour un échappement ancre suisse standard) ;
- la précision sur le pivotement est également accrue ;
- la propriété de bistabilité permet de supprimer une sécurité ; dans le cas de l'échappement Robin et de l'ancre suisse, on peut ainsi renoncer à munir l'ancre d'un dard (système anti-renversement) ; dans le cas de l'échappement Robin, à détente ou à ancre suisse, on peut aussi supprimer le tirage de la dent de la roue sur la palette et le recul de la roue lors du dégagement, par exemple avec des palettes à bord arrondi ; le tirage est alors remplacé par le puits de potentiel du bloqueur à vaincre, ce qui évite le recul géométrique et le recul dynamique et permet de récupérer une partie de l'énergie utilisée pour basculer le bloqueur.
- better accuracy due to the suppression of pivoting between an axis and bearings and therefore the removal of the pivoting games, which greatly aids the practical realization of an escapement whose anchor shows a very low tilt angle, such as the Robin escapement (3 degrees against 15 degrees for a standard Swiss anchor escapement);
- the accuracy on the pivoting is also increased;
- the property of bistability makes it possible to suppress a security; in the case of the Robin escapement and the Swiss anchor, it is thus possible to give up the anchor with a dart (anti-rollover system); in the case of the escapement Robin, trigger or Swiss anchor, it is also possible to suppress the drawing of the tooth of the wheel on the pallet and the recoil of the wheel during disengagement, for example with pallets with rounded edge; the draft is then replaced by the potential well of the blocker to overcome, which avoids geometric recoil and dynamic recoil and allows to recover some of the energy used to switch the blocker.
De préférence, comme on le voit sur la
La
Sur la
Le dispositif de blocage selon l'invention comporte aussi plusieurs avantages par rapport aux systèmes connus de l'état de l'art, notamment la demande de brevet européen n°
Dans la demande précitée, les
Cet arrangement peut permettre d'obtenir un comportement bistable mais présente des désavantages de taille. D'une part, les deux éléments élastiques travaillent en flambage quand le système est dans un mode bistable. Le flambage est difficile à contrôler en pratique car la charge critique à appliquer sur chaque élément pour le faire flamber est de 8π*E*I/l2, où E est le module de Young du matériau, l est la longueur de l'élément et I est son inertie (qui dépend dans le cas de lames rectangulaires de la hauteur h et de l'épaisseur e au cube, I = h*e3/12). On voit que cette charge critique est très sensible aux dimensions de la lame, et en particulier à son épaisseur. La moindre imperfection de fabrication peut ainsi faire varier grandement la charge nécessaire pour obtenir le comportement bistable.This arrangement can make it possible to obtain a bistable behavior but has size disadvantages. On the one hand, the two elastic elements work in buckling when the system is in a bistable mode. Buckling is difficult to control in practice because the critical load to be applied to each element to flambé is 8π * E * I / l 2 , where E is the Young's modulus of the material, l is the length of the element and I is the inertia (which depends in the case of rectangular blades of the height h and the thickness e of the cube, I = h * e 3/12). It can be seen that this critical load is very sensitive to the dimensions of the blade, and in particular to its thickness. The slightest imperfection of manufacture can thus vary greatly the load necessary to obtain the bistable behavior.
D'autre part, l'angle entre les deux premiers éléments qui forment le pivot est très inférieur à 90°, ce qui rend le système sensible aux imperfections. La force nécessaire à appliquer sur le troisième élément pour rendre le système bistable va se répercuter en grande partie sur les lames: la composante de la force le long des lames ne sera en tout cas pas inférieure à 70,7% (cos(θ/2) avec θ =90°) de la force appliquée sur le troisième élément élastique. Dans le cas de la
Finalement, l'énergie élastique est stockée intégralement dans les deux éléments de pivotement, par flambage des lames.Finally, the elastic energy is stored integrally in the two pivoting elements, by buckling of the blades.
Dans le dispositif de blocage selon l'invention, l'angle entre les deux premiers éléments qui forment le pivot est généralement de 90° et peut même être plus élevé. La force est quant à elle préférentiellement appliquée selon une direction qui est en dehors du secteur formé par les deux éléments de pivotement, ce qui fait que seule une lame est sollicitée en compression et donc par flambage, l'autre lame étant sollicitée en traction. L'influence de la variation des dimensions sur la charge critique est donc nettement diminuée, ce qui fait que les tolérances de fabrication sont beaucoup moins critiques pour le fonctionnement du système. La répartition entre les contraintes en compression (flambage) et en traction peut de plus être ajustée avec l'angle entre les deux premiers éléments élastiques et avec l'orientation de la force F par rapport aux deux premiers éléments élastiques. Finalement, l'énergie élastique est stockée en grande partie dans le troisième élément élastique.In the locking device according to the invention, the angle between the first two elements which form the pivot is generally 90 ° and can even be higher. The force is in turn preferentially applied in a direction which is outside the sector formed by the two pivoting elements, so that only one blade is stressed in compression and thus by buckling, the other blade being stressed in tension. The influence of dimensional variation on the critical load is therefore significantly reduced, so that manufacturing tolerances are much less critical for the operation of the system. The distribution between the compressive (buckling) and tensile stresses can moreover be adjusted with the angle between the two first elastic elements and with the orientation of the force F with respect to the first two elastic elements. Finally, the elastic energy is stored largely in the third elastic element.
Le dispositif de blocage selon l'invention offre donc avantageusement la possibilité de prévoir que l'un des premier et deuxième éléments élastiques travaille en traction et l'autre en compression, ce qui est impossible avec l'ancre faisant l'objet de la demande de brevet précitée. En outre, le réglage des contraintes par le troisième élément est facilité car il n'est pas gêné par les premier et deuxième éléments élastiques, comme c'est le cas avec l'ancre susmentionnée.The locking device according to the invention therefore advantageously offers the possibility of providing that one of the first and second elastic elements works in traction and the other in compression, which is impossible with the anchor being the subject of the application. aforementioned patent. In addition, the adjustment of the constraints by the third element is facilitated because it is not hindered by the first and second elastic elements, as is the case with the aforementioned anchor.
Le dispositif de blocage selon l'invention s'étend dans un seul plan et peut être réalisé d'un seul tenant, par exemple en silicium en utilisant le procédé DRIE (« Deep Reaction Ion Etching ») ou en Ni ou NiP en utilisant le procédé UV-LiGA (« Lithographie, Galvanoformung, Abformung »). Ces deux procédés permettent de fabriquer le dispositif de blocage selon l'invention en respectant les strictes tolérances requises.The blocking device according to the invention extends in a single plane and can be made in one piece, for example in silicon using the DRIE ("Deep Reaction Ion Etching") method or in Ni or NiP using the UV-LiGA process ("Lithography, Galvanoformung, Abformung"). These two methods make it possible to manufacture the locking device according to the invention while respecting the strict tolerances required.
Il est également possible et tout aussi avantageux de recourir aux mêmes procédés pour réaliser des pièces comportant plusieurs niveaux.It is also possible and equally advantageous to use the same methods for making multi-level parts.
En variante, il est possible de réaliser le dispositif de blocage selon l'invention en deux ou trois pièces, c'est-à-dire en prévoyant que l'une ou/et l'autre des palettes soit/soient montée(s) sur le bloqueur. On peut alors utiliser des palettes en rubis afin de permettre un réglage fin des pénétrations.Alternatively, it is possible to realize the locking device according to the invention in two or three parts, that is to say by providing that one or / and the other of the pallets is / are mounted (s) on the blocker. Ruby palettes can then be used to allow fine adjustment of the penetrations.
Le dispositif de blocage pour roue dentée selon l'invention s'applique à de nombreux mécanismes, en particulier aux mécanismes d'échappement à impulsion directe, comme les échappements du type Robin ou à détente d'une pièce d'horlogerie, notamment dans une montre-bracelet.The gear lock device according to the invention is applicable to many mechanisms, in particular to direct-impulse exhaust mechanisms, such as Robin type or expansion type exhausts. a timepiece, especially in a wristwatch.
« Echappement à impulsion directe » signifie que l'impulsion de la roue dentée est directement communiquée au balancier."Direct impulse escapement" means that the impulse of the sprocket is directly communicated to the pendulum.
Ainsi, sur la
Sur la
Des mesures ont montré que le rendement moyen du dispositif de blocage selon l'invention tel que représenté sur la
Le dispositif de blocage selon l'invention s'applique aussi aux échappements à impulsion indirecte, tel que l'échappement à ancre suisse.The locking device according to the invention also applies to escapements with an indirect impulse, such as the Swiss lever escapement.
« Echappement à impulsion indirecte » signifie que l'impulsion est transmise indirectement de la roue dentée au balancier."Indirect Pulse Exhaust" means that the impulse is transmitted indirectly from the gear wheel to the pendulum.
Ainsi, sur la
La précision accrue du pivotement apportée par l'invention a l'avantage de permettre de supprimer une sécurité. De ce fait, dans un échappement à ancre suisse tel que celui représenté sur la
Avec les modes de réalisation des
Ainsi, lors de la fabrication d'une pièce d'horlogerie, il est avantageux de mettre en oeuvre, outre les étapes classiques bien connues de l'homme du métier, des étapes propres au dispositif de blocage selon l'invention.Thus, during the manufacture of a timepiece, it is advantageous to implement, besides the conventional steps well known to those skilled in the art, steps specific to the locking device according to the invention.
Par conséquent, si on utilise le dispositif de blocage à système de précontrainte variable 3 visible sur la
Si on utilise le dispositif de blocage à système de précontrainte réglable 4 visible sur la
Si on utilise le dispositif de blocage à système de précontrainte réglable 5 ou 6, visible sur la figure respective 5 ou 6, après avoir fixé le dispositif de blocage sur la platine du mouvement de la pièce d'horlogerie, on fixe une vis micrométrique ou excentrique 38 sur la platine, de façon à ce qu'elle soit en contact avec le bloc intermédiaire 33, puis on la tourne de manière appropriée jusqu'à l'obtention d'un système bistable. Pour augmenter encore la précision de positionnement, on peut introduire, avant de tourner la vis 38 pour effectuer le réglage, une cale en forme de coin 39 entre le châssis 7 et le bloc intermédiaire 33. La cale 39 fait alors office de butée réglable dont le facteur de démultiplication permet un réglage de déplacement fin.If one uses the locking device with
Revenant aux
Il s'agit d'un échappement à détente pour mouvement d'horlogerie qui se résume comme suit :
- a. Echappement à détente pour mouvement d'horlogerie, comprenant un balancier 3' solidaire d'un élément d'impulsion 2', une roue d'échappement 1' dont la denture coupe la trajectoire de l'élément d'impulsion 2', une bascule de détente 4' présentant un élément d'arrêt 4a' et un élément de dégagement élastique 4c', des moyens pour engager l'élément d'arrêt dans la trajectoire de la denture de la roue d'échappement 1', et un doigt de dégagement 7' solidaire en rotation du balancier 3' pour venir en prise avec l'élément de dégagement élastique 4c' de la bascule 4' une fois par période d'oscillation du balancier pour dégager l'élément d'arrêt 4a' de la denture de la roue d'échappement,
cet échappement ayant ceci de particulier que lesdits moyens pour engager l'élément d'arrêt 4a' dans la trajectoire de la denture de la roue d'échappement 1' comportent une surface de glissement 4b' solidaire de la bascule de détente 4', disposée pour pénétrer dans la trajectoire de la denture de la roue d'échappement 1' lorsque l'élément d'arrêt 4a' en sort, cette surface de glissement étant conformée pour que la force exercée sur elle par une dent de la roue d'échappement 1' provoque le retour de l'élément d'arrêt 4a' de la bascule de détente 4' dans la trajectoire de la denture de la roue d'échappement 1'.
Des caractéristiques avantageuses de cet échappement sont indiquées aux points b et c suivants : - b. Echappement selon le point a, dans lequel l'élément d'arrêt 4a' de la bascule de détente comporte une surface de sécurité 4e' située en-dehors de la trajectoire des dents de la roue d'échappement 1' et adjacente à cette trajectoire en position de déverrouillage de la bascule de détente 4'.
- c. Echappement selon le point b, dans lequel la longueur de la surface de sécurité 4e' correspond à l'angle que parcourt la roue d'échappement 1' pour communiquer l'impulsion motrice au balancier 3', pour empêcher le retour prématuré de l'élément d'arrêt 4a' dans la trajectoire des dents de la roue d'échappement 1'.
- at. Expansion escapement for a watch movement, comprising a rocker 3 'secured to a pulse element 2', an escape wheel 1 'whose toothing intersects the trajectory of the pulse element 2', a rocker detent 4 'having a
stop member 4a' and anelastic release member 4c ', means for engaging the stop member in the path of the toothing of the escape wheel 1', and a finger of clearance 7 'integral in rotation with the balance 3' to engage with theelastic disengagement element 4c 'of the rocker 4' once per oscillation period of the balance to release thestop element 4a 'of the toothing the escape wheel,
this exhaust having this particular that said means for engaging thestop member 4a 'in the path of the toothing of the escape wheel 1' comprise a slidingsurface 4b 'integral with the trigger rocker 4', arranged to enter the path of the toothing of the escape wheel 1 'when thestop element 4a' leaves, this sliding surface being shaped so that the force exerted on it by a tooth of the escape wheel 1 'causes the return of thestop element 4a' of the trigger rocker 4 'in the path of the toothing of the escape wheel 1 '.
Advantageous features of this exhaust are indicated in points b and c below: - b. Exhaust according to point a, wherein the
stop element 4a 'of the trigger rocker comprises asafety surface 4e' located outside the path of the teeth of the escape wheel 1 'and adjacent to this trajectory in the unlocking position of the trigger rocker 4 '. - c. Exhaust according to point b, wherein the length of the
safety surface 4e 'corresponds to the angle traveled by the escape wheel 1' to communicate the driving pulse to the beam 3 ', to prevent the premature return of the stoppingelement 4a 'in the path of the teeth of the escape wheel 1'.
L'avantage principal d'un tel échappement est d'augmenter la sécurité contre les chocs. Un autre avantage réside dans le fait que l'élément d'arrêt de la bascule de détente n'est pas ramené dans la trajectoire des dents de la roue d'échappement par un ressort armé par le balancier, mais par la surface glissante contre laquelle agit une dent de la roue d'échappement pour déplacer la bascule en position de verrouillage de la roue d'échappement. L'énergie consommée est plus faible et elle n'est pas fournie par le balancier, mais par la roue d'échappement, réduisant au minimum la perturbation de la période d'oscillation de l'oscillateur balancier-spiral. En outre, cette bascule de détente avec un élément d'arrêt et une surface glissante qui pénètrent alternativement dans la trajectoire de la denture de la roue d'échappement constitue une sécurité supplémentaire.The main advantage of such an exhaust is to increase the safety against shocks. Another advantage lies in the fact that the stop element of the trigger rocker is not brought back into the path of the teeth of the escape wheel by a spring reinforced by the balance, but by the sliding surface against which acts a tooth of the escape wheel to move the rocker to the locking position of the escape wheel. The energy consumed is lower and is not provided by the balance wheel, but by the escape wheel, minimizing the disturbance of the oscillation period of the balance-balance oscillator. In addition, this trigger rocker with a stop element and a sliding surface which penetrate alternately in the path of the toothing of the escape wheel is an additional security.
Avantageusement, l'élément d'arrêt de la bascule de détente comporte une surface de sécurité située en-dehors de la trajectoire des dents de la roue d'échappement et adjacente à cette trajectoire en position de déverrouillage de la bascule de détente. La longueur de cette surface de sécurité correspond à l'angle que parcourt la roue d'échappement pour communiquer l'impulsion motrice au balancier, pour empêcher le retour prématuré de l'élément d'arrêt dans la trajectoire des dents de la roue d'échappement. Il s'agit donc encore d'une seconde sécurité supplémentaire.Advantageously, the stop element of the trigger rocker comprises a safety surface located outside the path of the teeth of the escape wheel and adjacent to this path in the unlocking position of the trigger rocker. The length of this safety surface corresponds to the angle traveled by the escape wheel to communicate the driving pulse to the balance, to prevent the premature return of the stop element in the trajectory of the teeth of the wheel. exhaust. It is therefore still a second additional security.
Plus précisément, l'échappement illustré par la
Une bascule de détente 4' peut se déplacer librement entre deux butées 5', 6'. Elle comporte d'une part un élément d'arrêt dont une face de butée 4a' sert à arrêter une dent de la roue d'échappement 1' et d'autre part une surface de glissement 4b' pour permettre à une dent de la roue d'échappement de glisser sur cette surface 4b' et de faire basculer la bascule dans le sens inverse de celui des aiguilles d'une montre pour ramener la face de butée dans la trajectoire des dents de la roue d'échappement 1'. Cette bascule de détente 4' comporte encore un élément de dégagement élastique 4c' en appui contre une butée 4d et dont l'extrémité libre pénètre dans la trajectoire d'un doigt de dégagement 7' solidaire du balancier 3'.A trigger rocker 4 'can move freely between two stops 5', 6 '. It comprises on the one hand a stop element whose
L'élément d'arrêt de la bascule de détente 4' présente encore une surface de sécurité 4e' qui est située en dehors de la trajectoire des dents de la roue d'échappement 1' et adjacente à cette trajectoire lorsque la bascule de détente 4' appuie contre la butée 5' (
Un cycle d'oscillation du balancier-spiral 3' se décompose selon les différentes phases illustrées par les
Dans la phase illustrée par la
La phase illustrée par la
La bascule de détente 4' passe alors sous l'action du doigt de dégagement 7' de l'appui contre la butée 6' à l'appui contre la butée 5' (
La roue d'échappement 1' étant soumise au couple du ressort de barillet (non représenté) transmis par le rouage de finissage (non représenté), est alors entraînée dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre. Une de ses dents rencontre alors la palette d'impulsion 2' du balancier 3' (
Cette phase d'impulsion se termine au moment où la dent de la roue d'échappement quitte la palette d'impulsion, c'est-à-dire, pratiquement dans la position illustrée par la
Après la phase d'impulsion, la roue d'échappement 1' continue sa rotation et une de ses dents rencontre la surface de glissement 4b' (
Pendant ce temps, le balancier 3' a continué à tourner dans le sens contraire à celui des aiguilles d'une montre jusqu'à ce que le spiral l'arrête et le fasse tourner dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre.Meanwhile, the balance 3 'continued to turn counterclockwise until the hairspring stopped and turned it clockwise.
Lorsque le doigt de dégagement 7' rencontre l'élément de dégagement élastique 4c' de la bascule de détente 4' (
Le balancier 3' poursuit sa rotation jusqu'à ce qu'il soit arrêté par le spiral et soit entraîné dans une rotation de sens contraire à celui des aiguilles d'une montre (
Claims (8)
- An immobilizing device (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) for a toothed wheel (40) comprising:- a frame (7);- an immobilizer (9) comprising two arms (10, 11) each furnished with a pallet (14, 15) designed to come into contact with a tooth of the toothed wheel (40);- a first and a second elastic element (12, 13) each having one end connected to the immobilizer (9) and another end connected to the frame (7);- a third elastic element (16) connected to the immobilizer (9),this immobilizing device being characterized in that it is made all in one block or all in one block except for at least one of the pallets (14, 15) .
- The immobilizing device (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) for a toothed wheel (40) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first and second elastic elements (12, 13) are each connected to an arm (10, 11).
- The immobilizing device (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) for a toothed wheel (40) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the third elastic element (16) is connected to one of the arms (10, 11) in a location different from the junction zone of these arms (10, 11), notably the third elastic element is connected to the end of one of the arms (10, 11) .
- The immobilizing device (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) for a toothed wheel (40) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first and second elastic elements (12, 13) form an angle of 90° or an obtuse angle between them.
- The immobilizing device (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) for a toothed wheel (40) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first and second elastic elements (12, 13) are first and second flexible strips (12, 13) .
- The immobilizing device (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) for a toothed wheel (40) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the third elastic element (16) is a rigid block (17) comprising, on two opposite sides, a third and a fourth flexible strip (18, 19), the fourth flexible strip (19) being connected to an additional block (24, 30), the latter being if necessary connected to the frame (7) .
- The immobilizing device (2, 4, 5, 6) for a toothed wheel (40) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the third elastic element (16) is also connected to the frame (7).
- A timepiece comprising an immobilizing device (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), notably an immobilizing device (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) forming part of an escapement, for a toothed wheel (40), notably for an escapement wheel (12), as claimed in one of claims 1 to 7.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11714913.8A EP2553533B2 (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-03-31 | Device for locking a toothed wheel |
| EP14178348.0A EP2818941A1 (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-03-31 | Device for locking a sprocket wheel |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10405072 | 2010-04-01 | ||
| EP11714913.8A EP2553533B2 (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-03-31 | Device for locking a toothed wheel |
| PCT/CH2011/000067 WO2011120180A1 (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-03-31 | Immobilizing device for a toothed wheel |
Related Child Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14178348.0A Division-Into EP2818941A1 (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-03-31 | Device for locking a sprocket wheel |
| EP14178348.0A Division EP2818941A1 (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-03-31 | Device for locking a sprocket wheel |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2553533A1 EP2553533A1 (en) | 2013-02-06 |
| EP2553533B1 EP2553533B1 (en) | 2014-07-30 |
| EP2553533B2 true EP2553533B2 (en) | 2019-06-19 |
Family
ID=42734698
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11714913.8A Active EP2553533B2 (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-03-31 | Device for locking a toothed wheel |
| EP14178348.0A Withdrawn EP2818941A1 (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-03-31 | Device for locking a sprocket wheel |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14178348.0A Withdrawn EP2818941A1 (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-03-31 | Device for locking a sprocket wheel |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8882339B2 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP2553533B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5914456B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102971678B (en) |
| CH (1) | CH702928B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011120180A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023046841A1 (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2023-03-30 | Greubel Forsey S.A. | Timepiece movement |
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| WO2023046841A1 (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2023-03-30 | Greubel Forsey S.A. | Timepiece movement |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH702928A2 (en) | 2011-10-14 |
| JP2013524173A (en) | 2013-06-17 |
| CN102971678B (en) | 2015-07-22 |
| JP5914456B2 (en) | 2016-05-11 |
| EP2553533B1 (en) | 2014-07-30 |
| US20130070570A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
| EP2553533A1 (en) | 2013-02-06 |
| CN102971678A (en) | 2013-03-13 |
| US8882339B2 (en) | 2014-11-11 |
| WO2011120180A1 (en) | 2011-10-06 |
| CH702928B1 (en) | 2015-07-15 |
| EP2818941A1 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
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| 17P | Request for examination filed |
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