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EP3459904B2 - Chariot de manutention, système hydraulique pour un chariot de manutention et procédé de fonctionnement d'un système hydraulique - Google Patents
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EP3459904B2 - Chariot de manutention, système hydraulique pour un chariot de manutention et procédé de fonctionnement d'un système hydraulique - Google Patents

Chariot de manutention, système hydraulique pour un chariot de manutention et procédé de fonctionnement d'un système hydraulique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3459904B2
EP3459904B2 EP18194815.9A EP18194815A EP3459904B2 EP 3459904 B2 EP3459904 B2 EP 3459904B2 EP 18194815 A EP18194815 A EP 18194815A EP 3459904 B2 EP3459904 B2 EP 3459904B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mast
lift cylinder
hydraulic
lifting
load
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP18194815.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3459904A1 (fr
EP3459904B1 (fr
Inventor
Michael Knieriem
Thomas Stolten
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Jungheinrich AG
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Jungheinrich AG
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
    • B66F9/22—Hydraulic devices or systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/07504—Accessories, e.g. for towing, charging, locking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/08—Masts; Guides; Chains
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/08—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/405—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve
    • F15B2211/40523—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve with flow dividers
    • F15B2211/4053—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve with flow dividers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/71—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an industrial truck with a lifting mast with at least one mast lifting stage driven by at least one mast lifting cylinder and with a free lifting stage driven by at least one free lifting cylinder, with which a load-carrying device can be moved along the lifting mast.
  • the invention also relates to a method for operating a hydraulic system of an industrial truck with a lifting mast with at least one mast lifting stage and with a free lifting stage, with which a load-carrying device can be moved along the lifting mast, wherein the hydraulic system comprises at least one mast lifting cylinder for driving the at least one mast lifting stage and at least one free lifting cylinder for driving the free lifting stage.
  • the lifting mast comprises a stationary mast that is permanently connected to the vehicle and usually two extension masts, a central mast and an inner mast, which are extended by the mast lifting cylinder.
  • a free lift cylinder moves a free lift stage with which a load-handling device, for example a fork, can be moved along the inner mast of the lifting mast.
  • the free lift stage moves the load-handling device along this mast stage and allows the operator of the industrial truck to move the load-handling device in height without the lifting mast being extended and thus the overall height of the industrial truck changing.
  • Common forklift trucks have a common hydraulic lowering branch for the mast lift and the free lift, in which a lowering valve is integrated.
  • the individual mast lift stages and the free lift have hydraulic cylinders with different cross-sections. If several mast stages are extended, the mast stage with the smallest effective hydraulic cross-section retracts first when the industrial truck is lowering the load. This is because this hydraulic cylinder is subject to the greatest hydraulic pressure, so it retracts first when the hydraulic pressure drops. This is usually the top mast lift stage. As the hydraulic pressure continues to drop, the mast stages are lowered serially, i.e. one after the other. Finally, after the mast stages have been fully retracted, the free lift stage retracts and lowers the load-handling device.
  • a hydraulic system which comprises a free lift cylinder and a mast lift cylinder.
  • a load-carrying device is coupled to the free lift cylinder, and a mast step is coupled to the mast lift cylinder.
  • the two lift cylinders are connected to a hydraulic tank via separate hydraulic return lines.
  • a first return valve is present in the first return line, and a second return valve is present in the second return line.
  • the hydraulic fluid is supplied via a hydraulic pump, a supply valve and a first and a second connecting line.
  • the hydraulic fluid can be supplied to the two lift cylinders simultaneously. Since the supply valve is also a proportional valve, the free lift and the mast lift can be moved independently of one another or together to lift the load, depending on the valve position. It is also provided that shortly before the free lift cylinder reaches its end position, the supply valve is gradually closed so that the volume flow to the free lift cylinder is reduced.
  • Valves are installed between a hydraulic pump and the hydraulic cylinders of the free lift and the mast lift so that both hydraulic stages can be operated at the desired speed and a smooth transition between the free lift stage and the main stage can be achieved.
  • the task is solved by an industrial truck with a lifting mast with at least one mast lifting stage driven by at least one mast lifting cylinder and with a free lifting stage driven by at least one free lifting cylinder, with which a load-carrying means can be moved along the lifting mast, wherein the industrial truck is further developed by a hydraulic system for supplying the at least one mast lifting cylinder and the at least one free lifting cylinder with a hydraulic fluid, wherein the hydraulic system is set up for at least temporarily simultaneously actuating the at least one mast lifting cylinder and the at least one free lifting cylinder in load lowering operation, wherein the hydraulic system for relieving the at least one mast lifting cylinder and the at least one free lifting cylinder in load lowering operation comprises separate hydraulic return lines, the hydraulic system comprises a first hydraulic return line which runs between the at least one free lifting cylinder and a reservoir for the hydraulic fluid and the hydraulic system further comprises a second hydraulic return line which runs between the at least one mast lifting cylinder and the reservoir, wherein a first lowering valve is integrated in the first return line and a second
  • the mast lifting stages and the load handling device are retracted and/or extended at the same time.
  • the synchronous, i.e. at least temporarily simultaneous, operation of at least one mast lifting cylinder and at least one free lift cylinder can reduce the lowering time of the industrial truck. This increases the handling capacity of the industrial truck. This applies if the industrial truck accesses heights that can only be reached when the lifting mast is at least partially extended. In lifting mode, a jerky transition between free lift and mast lift can be avoided.
  • An industrial truck or industrial conveyor is a means of transport for the transportation of goods, which is mostly used within a company and on the ground, for example a forklift.
  • the industrial truck when lowering the load-handling device in load-lowering mode from maximum height, the industrial truck is faster by the time period that is usually required to retract the load-handling device with the free lift stage during the synchronous lowering process.
  • the extension process i.e. raising the load-handling device to the maximum height, is more homogeneous and smoother than before. This improves the handling of the industrial truck.
  • the industrial truck is designed such that the hydraulic system for relieving the at least one mast lift cylinder and the at least one free lift cylinder in load lowering operation comprises separate hydraulic return lines.
  • the separate hydraulic return lines can be used to accelerate the lowering of the load-carrying device by simultaneously retracting the mast stage(s) and the free lift stage.
  • the separate hydraulic return lines can be used to relieve the load on the mast lift cylinder and the free lift cylinder at the same time. This also applies if the mast lift cylinder and the free lift cylinder or the mast lift cylinders of the individual mast lift stages have different cross-sections, so that they extend in series, i.e. one after the other, during load lifting. If only a single hydraulic line were used to relieve the load on the lifting cylinders, the retraction of the mast lift stage and the free lift would necessarily take place in the reverse order to the extension. This is now advantageously no longer the case.
  • the industrial truck is designed such that the hydraulic system comprises a first hydraulic return line which runs between the at least one free lift cylinder and a reservoir for the hydraulic fluid and the hydraulic system further comprises a second hydraulic return line which runs between the at least one mast lift cylinder and the reservoir, wherein a first lowering valve is integrated into the first return line and a second lowering valve is integrated into the second return line.
  • first lowering valve and the second lowering valve can be controlled separately, i.e. independently of each other. This makes it possible to lower the mast lifting stage(s) and/or the load-carrying device separately and independently of each other in load-lowering operation.
  • the industrial truck includes a control system that is designed to open the lowering valves simultaneously when the load handling device is lowered in load lowering mode. By opening both lowering valves simultaneously, the mast lifting stage(s) and the load handling device are lowered simultaneously, at least at the start of the process. The load handling device is lowered particularly quickly.
  • the lowering valves are proportional valves and the control is further configured to control or regulate a first volume flow through the first lowering valve and a second volume flow through the second lowering valve such that in load lowering operation when lowering the load-carrying means, the at least one mast lifting stage and the load-carrying means reach a lower end position at least approximately simultaneously.
  • a homogeneous and comparable behavior of the industrial truck can be achieved when lowering the load lifting device from different lifting heights. This makes the industrial truck easier to operate.
  • a uniform lowering speed of the load handling device can be achieved over the entire lowering process.
  • a displacement sensor is provided on the mast lift and the free lift, for example, so that the respective speed at which the mast lift or the free lift is extended or retracted can be determined. Based on this measured value, a control is possible with which a uniform and homogeneous lowering process can be achieved, in particular so that the mast lift stage and the load-carrying device reach their lower end position at least approximately at the same time.
  • the industrial truck is further developed in particular in that the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic pump which is integrated into a hydraulic supply line and is set up in load lifting mode to supply the at least one mast lift cylinder and the at least one free lift cylinder with pressurized hydraulic fluid, wherein the hydraulic supply line between the hydraulic pump and the lifting cylinders forks into a first and a second supply branch and the first supply branch runs to the free lift cylinder and the second supply branch runs to the mast lift cylinder, wherein a lift valve designed as a proportional valve is integrated into the hydraulic supply line, with which a ratio between the volume flows in the first and second supply branch can be changed.
  • a hydraulic pump which is integrated into a hydraulic supply line and is set up in load lifting mode to supply the at least one mast lift cylinder and the at least one free lift cylinder with pressurized hydraulic fluid
  • the hydraulic supply line between the hydraulic pump and the lifting cylinders forks into a first and a second supply branch and the first supply branch runs to the free lift cylinder and the second supply branch runs to the mast
  • the free lift cylinder has a first cross-section and the lifting cylinder has a second cross-section, the first cross-section being larger than the second cross-section and the lifting valve being integrated into the first supply branch.
  • the arrangement of the lifting valve in the first supply branch is advantageous because the effective hydraulic flow cross-section of the first supply branch can be reduced by means of the lifting valve. It is thus possible that the free lift cylinder and the lifting cylinder can be extended at the same time by appropriately selecting or setting the effective hydraulic flow cross-section of this supply branch.
  • the industrial truck is further developed by a control system that is designed to control the lifting valve in such a way that the free lift cylinder and the mast lift cylinder are extended simultaneously, at least temporarily, during load lifting operation.
  • the control system is designed to control the lifting valve in such a way that a smooth transition between free lift and mast lift is achieved.
  • the control or control unit is in particular a part of the operating control or operating control unit of the industrial vehicle.
  • a hydraulic system for an industrial truck has a lifting mast with at least one mast lifting stage and a free lifting stage with which a load-carrying means can be moved along the lifting mast, wherein the hydraulic system comprises at least one mast lifting cylinder for driving the at least one mast lifting stage and at least one free lifting cylinder for driving the at least one free lifting stage, wherein the hydraulic system is set up to at least temporarily simultaneously supply the at least one mast lifting cylinder and the at least one free lifting cylinder with a hydraulic fluid in load lowering operation, wherein the hydraulic system comprises a first hydraulic return line which runs between the at least one free lifting cylinder and a reservoir for the hydraulic fluid and the hydraulic system further comprises a second separate hydraulic return line which runs between the at least one mast lifting cylinder and the reservoir, wherein a first lowering valve is integrated into the first return line and a second lowering valve is integrated into the second return line.
  • the hydraulic system makes it possible to provide an industrial truck in which the load-handling device can be lowered more quickly than before. This makes it possible to use the hydraulic system to equip an industrial truck so that it achieves a higher handling capacity.
  • the hydraulic system is particularly interesting with regard to the possible upgrading or conversion of existing industrial trucks.
  • the hydraulic system further comprises a hydraulic pump which is integrated into a hydraulic supply line and is set up in load lifting operation to supply the at least one mast lifting cylinder and the at least one free lifting cylinder with pressurized hydraulic fluid, wherein the hydraulic supply line between the hydraulic pump and the lifting cylinders forks into a first and a second supply branch and the first supply branch runs to the free lifting cylinder and the second supply branch runs to the mast lifting cylinder, wherein a lifting valve designed as a proportional valve is integrated into the hydraulic supply line, with which a ratio between the volume flows in the first and second supply branch can be changed.
  • the object is also achieved by a method for operating a hydraulic system of an industrial truck with a lifting mast with at least one mast lifting stage and with a free lifting stage with which a load-carrying device can be moved along the lifting mast.
  • the hydraulic system comprises at least one mast lifting cylinder for driving the at least one mast lifting stage and at least one free lift cylinder for driving the free lift stage, wherein the hydraulic system is developed in that it is operated in such a way that in load lifting operation and/or in load lowering operation the at least one mast lifting cylinder and the at least one free lift cylinder are at least temporarily actuated simultaneously
  • the hydraulic system comprises a first hydraulic return line which runs between the at least one free lift cylinder and a reservoir for the hydraulic fluid
  • the hydraulic system further comprises a separate second hydraulic return line which runs between the at least one mast lifting cylinder and the reservoir, wherein a first lowering valve is integrated into the first return line and a second lowering valve is integrated into the second return line, and wherein in load lowering operation when the load-carrying
  • the method for operating the hydraulic system also has the same or similar advantages as those already mentioned with regard to the industrial truck or the hydraulic system.
  • the lowering valves are proportional valves and a first volume flow through the first lowering valve and a second volume flow through the second lowering valve are controlled or regulated such that when the load-carrying device is lowered, the at least one mast lifting stage and the load-carrying device reach a lower end position at least approximately simultaneously.
  • the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic pump which is integrated into a hydraulic supply line and with which the at least one mast lift cylinder and the at least one free lift cylinder are supplied with pressurized hydraulic fluid during load lifting operation, wherein the hydraulic supply line between the hydraulic pump and the lifting cylinders forks into a first and a second supply branch and the first supply branch runs to the free lift cylinder and the second supply branch runs to the mast lift cylinder, wherein a lift valve designed as a proportional valve is integrated into the hydraulic supply line, with which a ratio between a volume flow in the first and second supply branch can be changed, wherein the free lift cylinder has a first cross section and the mast lift cylinder has a second cross section, wherein the first cross section is larger than the second cross section and the lift valve is integrated into the first supply branch and wherein the lift valve is controlled in such a way that the free lift cylinder and the mast lift cylinder are extended at least temporarily at the same time.
  • a lift valve designed as a proportional valve is integrated into the hydraulic supply line, with which
  • the lifting valve is brought into a first position for a sequential extension of the free lift cylinder and the mast lift cylinder or into a second position for an at least temporarily simultaneous extension.
  • the corresponding operating mode can be selected manually, for example. However, it is also intended that a corresponding operating mode in which the mast lifting stage and the free lifting stage are moved simultaneously is selected if, for example, a lifting height is manually entered which lies outside the range that can be reached exclusively using the free lifting.
  • Embodiments of the invention may fulfill individual features or a combination of several features.
  • Fig.1 shows an industrial truck 2, for example a forklift truck, with a lifting mast 4, comprising for example a first mast lifting stage 41, the inner mast, and a second mast lifting stage 42, the middle mast.
  • the lifting mast 4 is supported by a Fig.1 not shown mast lifting cylinder (also several mast lifting cylinders can be provided).
  • the lifting mast 4 comprises in addition to the inner mast and the middle mast, there is a stationary mast that is firmly connected to the vehicle frame.
  • the middle mast is driven, for example, by the mast lifting cylinder, the inner mast is also coupled, for example, to the middle mast via a chain, so that these two extension masts extend simultaneously.
  • the industrial truck 2 also comprises a free lift stage with a load-carrying device 6, for example a fork, which can be moved along the inner mast of the lifting mast 4.
  • the free lift stage comprises a free lift cylinder 8.
  • the free lift cylinder 8 can move the load-carrying device 6 along the first mast stage 41 of the lifting mast 4.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a hydraulic system 10, as it is integrated into the industrial truck 2 according to an embodiment.
  • the hydraulic system 10 serves to supply a mast lift cylinder 12 and the free lift cylinder 8, with which the load-carrying device 6 is moved, with a hydraulic fluid 14.
  • the hydraulic fluid is taken from a storage container 16 and returned to it.
  • the hydraulic system 10 is set up to operate the mast lift cylinder 12 and the free lift cylinder 8 simultaneously in load lifting mode and/or in lowering mode, at least temporarily.
  • the hydraulic system 10 is designed to simultaneously actuate the mast lifting cylinder 12 and the free lifting cylinder 8 both in load lifting mode, i.e. when raising the load-handling device 6, and in load lowering mode, i.e. when lowering the load-handling device 6.
  • the hydraulic system 10 comprises separate hydraulic return lines 18.
  • a first hydraulic return line 181 runs between the free lift cylinder 8 and the storage tank 16.
  • a second hydraulic return line 182 is included, which runs between the mast lift cylinder 12 and the storage tank 16.
  • a first lowering valve 21 is integrated into the first return line 181 and a second lowering valve 22 is integrated into the second return line 182.
  • the lowering valves 21, 22 are, for example, proportional valves. These can be switched between a first switching position 21a, 22a, in which the lowering valves 21, 22 work as check valves, and a second switching position 21b, 22b. In the second switching position 21b, 22b, the lowering valves 21, 22 are designed to control or regulate a first volume flow or a second volume flow.
  • the first lowering valve 21 controls or regulates a first volume flow through the first return line 181, while the second lowering valve 22 controls or regulates a second volume flow through the second return line 182.
  • the lowering valves 21, 22 can be controlled separately from one another.
  • a controller 24 is included in the hydraulic system 10, which controls the two lowering valves 21, 22 via connecting lines (not shown).
  • the control 24 is set up or programmed in such a way that in a load lowering operation, i.e. when lowering the load-carrying device 6, the lowering valves 21, 22 open simultaneously.
  • the free lift cylinder 8 of the free lift stage and the mast lift cylinder 12 of the lifting mast 4 are thus retracted simultaneously. Consequently, the load-carrying device 6 actuated by the free lift stage lowers along the first mast lift stage 41, while at the same time the lifting mast 4, i.e. the first and second mast lift stages 41, 42, retract.
  • FIG. 3a to 3d show a lowering process of a load-handling device 6, as it takes place in an industrial truck according to the state of the art.
  • Fig. 3a shows the industrial truck 2 with the lifting mast 4 fully extended.
  • the load handling device 6 is located at the upper stop of the first mast lifting stage 41.
  • a conventional industrial truck 2 comprises a common return line with which both the free lift cylinder 8 and the mast lifting cylinder 12 are relieved of pressure.
  • the free lift cylinder 8 and the mast lift cylinder 12 have different cross sections. These are selected so that at a first pressure p1 (cf. Fig. 2 ) of the hydraulic fluid 14, the free lift cylinder 8 extends first.
  • a first pressure p1 cf. Fig. 2
  • the pressure of the hydraulic fluid 14 in the hydraulic system 10 continues to rise until it reaches the value p2, which is higher than p1.
  • the mast lifting stages 41, 42 begin to extend.
  • the individual mast lifting cylinders 12 of the mast lifting stages 41, 42 can in turn be designed such that their different cross sections ensure that first the first mast lifting stage 41 and then the second mast lifting stage 42 extend.
  • the two mast lifting stages 41, 42 retract at approximately the same time.
  • the lifting mast 4 and the free lifting stage retract in the reverse order.
  • the lifting mast 4 retracts first (cf. Fig. 3b ). Since the pressure is still above p1, the free lift stage and thus the load handling device 6 remain at the upper stop until the lifting mast 4 is completely retracted (cf. Fig. 3c ). Only when the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic system 10 subsequently drops further, namely below the value of p1, does the free lift stage retract and the load handling device 6 sink to the lower stop.
  • the Fig. 4a to 4c show a lowering process of a load-handling device 6 of an industrial truck 2 according to an embodiment.
  • Fig. 4a shows the industrial truck 2 with the lifting mast 4 fully extended, with the load handling device 6 also at the upper stop of the first mast lifting stage 41.
  • This situation is identical to the Fig. 3a In load lowering mode, the loads are lowered Fig.4
  • the free lift stage and the mast lift stages 41, 42 of the industrial truck 2 shown are activated by simultaneously opening the first and second lowering valves 21, 22 (cf. Fig. 2 ) are lowered synchronously.
  • Fig. 4b shows the industrial truck 2 after a first time interval, after which the conventional industrial truck 2 in Fig. 3b In contrast to the conventional industrial truck 2 in Fig. 3b is in the industrial truck 2 according to an embodiment in Fig.
  • the load-carrying device 6 has already reached the lower stop of the first mast lifting stage 41. It is therefore already significantly lower than the load-carrying device 6 in the conventional industrial truck 2.
  • the lifting mast 4 sinks completely and the load-carrying device 6 reaches the lowest stop ( Fig. 4c ).
  • the load handling device 6 is still at the upper stop of the first mast lifting stage 41.
  • the load-handling device 6 is lowered much more quickly. This saves exactly the time interval that the load-handling device 6 needs in a conventional industrial truck 2 to be lowered along a mast lifting step 41, 42.
  • control 24 is set up in such a way that the lowering of the lifting mast 4 and the free lift stage, which moves the load-carrying device 6, is controlled or regulated in such a way that the mast lift stages 41, 42 and the load-carrying device 6 reach the lower stop at least approximately simultaneously. In this way, a homogeneous lowering process can be achieved, which simplifies the operation of the industrial truck 2 for the operator.
  • the hydraulic system 10 of the industrial vehicle 2 comprises a hydraulic pump 26, which takes hydraulic fluid 14 from the reservoir 16 via a hydraulic supply line 28.
  • the hydraulic pump 26 is integrated into the hydraulic supply line 28.
  • the hydraulic pump 26 is used to supply the mast lifting cylinder 12 and the free lifting cylinder 8 with pressurized hydraulic fluid 14.
  • the hydraulic supply line 28 forks between the hydraulic pump 26 and the lifting cylinders, i.e. the free lift cylinder 8 and the mast lift cylinder 12, into a first supply branch 31 and a second supply branch 32.
  • the first supply branch 31 leads to the free lift cylinder 8
  • the second supply branch 32 leads to the mast lift cylinder 12.
  • the two supply branches 31, 32 are also considered part of the hydraulic supply line 28.
  • a lift valve 34 which can be designed as a proportional valve, is integrated into the first supply branch 31.
  • the lift valve 34 can be controlled or regulated via the control 24 in the same way as the hydraulic pump 26.
  • the settings of the lift valve 34 can be used to change a ratio between the volume flows in the first and second supply branches 31, 32.
  • the free lift cylinder 8 has a first cross-section and the mast lift cylinder 12 has a second cross-section, the first cross-section being larger than the second cross-section. For this reason, the free lift cylinder 8 is activated at a first pressure p1, the pressure p1 being smaller than the pressure p2 at which the mast lift cylinder 12 is activated.
  • the settings of the lift valve 34 can be used to variably set the effective hydraulic flow cross-section of the lift cylinders 8, 12 so that it is possible to extend both lift cylinders 8, 12 at the same time. This takes place in the first switching position 34a of the lift valve 34.
  • the free lift can be blocked so that only the mast lift cylinder 12 is actuated. Furthermore, the dynamic adjustment of the lift valve 34 makes it possible to achieve a smooth transition between a lift of the load-carrying device 6 accomplished by the free lift cylinder 8 and a lift of the same accomplished by the mast lift cylinder 12.
  • a check valve 36 is integrated into the respective supply branch.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Chariot de manutention (2) comportant un mât de levage (4) ayant au moins un étage (41, 42) de levage de mât entraîné par au moins un vérin (12) de levage de mât et ayant un étage de levage libre entraîné par au moins un vérin (8) de levage libre, un moyen (6) de réception de charge étant apte à être déplacé le long du mât de levage (4) avec l'étage de levage libre, caractérisé par un système hydraulique (10) pour alimenter ledit au moins un vérin (12) de levage de mât et ledit au moins un vérin (8) de levage libre avec un fluide hydraulique (14), le système hydraulique (10) étant configuré pour l'actionnement simultané au moins temporaire dudit au moins un vérin (12) de levage de mât et dudit au moins un vérin (8) de levage libre lors d'une opération d'abaissement de la charge, le système hydraulique (10) comprenant des conduites de retour hydrauliques séparées (18) pour décharger ledit au moins un vérin (12) de levage de mât et ledit au moins un vérin (8) de levage libre lors d'une opération d'abaissement de la charge, le système hydraulique (10) comprenant une première conduite (181) de retour hydraulique qui s'étend entre ledit au moins un vérin (8) de levage libre et un réservoir (16) pour le fluide hydraulique (14), et le système hydraulique (10) comprend en outre une deuxième conduite (182) de retour hydraulique qui s'étend entre ledit au moins un vérin (12) de levage de mât et le réservoir (16), une première vanne d'abaissement (21) étant intégrée dans la première conduite de retour (181) et une deuxième vanne d'abaissement (22) étant intégrée dans la deuxième conduite de retour (182), et un système de commande (24) étant inclus, configuré pour ouvrir les deux vannes d'abaissement (21, 22) simultanément lors d'une opération d'abaissement de charge lorsque le moyen (6) de réception de charge est abaissé.
  2. Chariot de manutention (2) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les vannes d'abaissement (21, 22) sont des vannes proportionnelles et le système de commande (24) est en outre agencé pour commander ou réguler un premier débit volumique à travers la première vanne d'abaissement (21) et un deuxième débit volumique à travers la deuxième vanne d'abaissement (22) de telle sorte que, lors d'une opération d'abaissement de la charge, lorsque le moyen (6) de réception de charge est abaissé, ledit au moins un étage (41, 42) de levage de mât et le moyen (6) de réception de charge atteignent une position finale inférieure d'une façon au moins approximativement simultanée.
  3. Chariot de manutention (2) selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le système hydraulique (10) comprend une pompe hydraulique (26) qui est intégrée dans une conduite d'alimentation hydraulique (28) et qui, lors d'une opération de levage de la charge, est configurée pour agir sur ledit au moins un vérin (12) de levage de mât et ledit au moins un vérin (8) de levage libre avec un fluide hydraulique (14) sous pression, la conduite d'alimentation hydraulique (28) se divisant en une première et une deuxième branche d'alimentation (31, 32) entre la pompe hydraulique (26) et les vérins de levage (8, 12), la première branche d'alimentation (31) allant au vérin (8) de levage libre et la deuxième branche d'alimentation (32) allant au vérin de levage de mât (12), une vanne de levage (34) conçue sous la forme d'une vanne proportionnelle étant intégrée dans la conduite d'alimentation hydraulique (28) et un rapport entre les débits volumétriques dans la première et dans la deuxième branches d'alimentation (31, 32) étant apte à être modifié au moyen de cette vanne.
  4. Chariot de manutention (2) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le vérin (8) de levage libre présente une première section transversale et le vérin de levage (12) présente une deuxième section transversale, la première section transversale étant plus grande que la deuxième section transversale et la vanne de levage (34) étant intégrée dans la première branche d'alimentation (31).
  5. Chariot de manutention (2) selon la revendication 3 ou la revendication 4, caractérisé par une commande (24) qui est configurée pour actionner la vanne de levage (34) de telle sorte que, lors d'une opération de levage de la charge, le vérin (8) de levage libre et le vérin (12) de levage de mât sont sortis simultanément, au moins par moments.
  6. Procédé pour faire fonctionner un système hydraulique (10) d'un chariot de manutention (2) comportant un mât de levage (4) ayant au moins un étage (41, 42) de levage de mât et un étage de levage libre, avec lequel un moyen (6) de réception de charge est apte à être déplacé le long du mât de levage (4), le système hydraulique (10) comprenant au moins un vérin (12) de levage de mât pour l'entraînement dudit au moins un étage (41, 42) de levage de mât, et au moins un vérin de levage libre (8) pour l'entraînement de l'étage de levage libre, caractérisé en ce que le système hydraulique (10) est conçu de telle sorte que, lors d'une opération d'abaissement de charge, ledit au moins un vérin (12) de levage de mât et ledit au moins un vérin (8) de levage libre sont actionnés simultanément, au moins par moments, le système hydraulique (10) comprenant une première conduite (181) de retour hydraulique qui s'étend entre ledit au moins un vérin (8) de levage libre et un réservoir (16) pour le fluide hydraulique (14) et le système hydraulique (10) comprenant en outre une deuxième conduite (182) de retour hydraulique séparée qui s'étend entre ledit au moins un vérin (12) de levage de mât et le réservoir (16), une première vanne d'abaissement (21) étant intégrée dans la première conduite de retour (181) et une deuxième vanne d'abaissement (22) étant intégrée dans la deuxième conduite de retour (182), et la première vanne d'abaissement (21) et la deuxième vanne d'abaissement (22) étant ouvertes simultanément lors d'une opération d'abaissement de la charge, lorsque le moyen (6) de réception de charge est abaissé.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les vannes d'abaissement (21, 22) sont des vannes proportionnelles et un premier débit volumique est commandé ou régulé par la première vanne d'abaissement (21) et un deuxième débit volumique est commandé ou régulé par la deuxième vanne d'abaissement (22) de telle sorte que, lors de l'abaissement du moyen (6) de réception de charge, ledit au moins un étage (41, 42) de levage de mât et le moyen (6) de réception de charge atteignent une position finale inférieure d'une façon au moins approximativement simultanée.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 6 ou la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le système hydraulique (10) comprend une pompe hydraulique (26) qui est intégrée dans une conduite d'alimentation hydraulique (28) et avec laquelle, lors d'une opération de levage de la charge, ledit au moins un vérin (12) de levage de mât et ledit au moins un vérin (8) de levage libre sont alimentés en fluide hydraulique (14) sous pression, la conduite d'alimentation hydraulique (28) se divisant entre la pompe hydraulique (26) et les vérins de levage (8, 12) en une première et une deuxième branche d'alimentation (31, 32), la première branche d'alimentation (31) allant vers le vérin (8) de levage libre et la deuxième branche d'alimentation (32) allant vers le vérin (12) de levage de mât, une vanne de levage (34) conçue sous la forme d'une vanne proportionnelle étant intégrée dans la conduite d'alimentation hydraulique (28), un rapport entre un débit volumique dans la première et dans la deuxième branche d'alimentation (31, 32) étant apte à être modifié au moyen de cette vanne, le vérin (8) de levage libre présentant une première section transversale et le vérin (12) de levage de mât présentant une deuxième section transversale, la première section transversale étant plus grande que la deuxième section transversale et la vanne de levage (34) étant intégrée dans la première branche d'alimentation (31) et la vanne de levage (34) étant commandée de telle sorte que le vérin (8) de levage libre et le vérin de levage du mât (12) sont sortis simultanément, au moins par moments.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que, en fonction d'un mode de fonctionnement du chariot de manutention (2) et/ou en fonction d'une hauteur de levage présélectionnée du moyen (6) de réception de charge, la vanne de levage (34) est amenée dans une première position pour une extension séquentielle du vérin (8) de levage libre et du vérin (12) de levage de mât ou dans une deuxième position pour une extension simultanée, au moins par moments.
EP18194815.9A 2017-09-20 2018-09-17 Chariot de manutention, système hydraulique pour un chariot de manutention et procédé de fonctionnement d'un système hydraulique Active EP3459904B2 (fr)

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DE102017121818.1A DE102017121818B4 (de) 2017-09-20 2017-09-20 Flurförderzeug, hydraulisches System für ein Flurförderzeug und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines hydraulischen Systems

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EP3459904B1 EP3459904B1 (fr) 2021-08-04
EP3459904B2 true EP3459904B2 (fr) 2024-09-11

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CN109534238A (zh) 2019-03-29
DE102017121818B4 (de) 2025-09-04
US20190084816A1 (en) 2019-03-21
EP3459904A1 (fr) 2019-03-27
US11427451B2 (en) 2022-08-30
EP3459904B1 (fr) 2021-08-04
DE102017121818A1 (de) 2019-03-21
US11905153B2 (en) 2024-02-20
CN109534238B (zh) 2022-01-04
US20220348447A1 (en) 2022-11-03

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