Deprecated: The each() function is deprecated. This message will be suppressed on further calls in /home/zhenxiangba/zhenxiangba.com/public_html/phproxy-improved-master/index.php on line 456
GB2155294A - Agricultural disc blade and manufacturing method - Google Patents
[go: Go Back, main page]

GB2155294A - Agricultural disc blade and manufacturing method - Google Patents

Agricultural disc blade and manufacturing method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2155294A
GB2155294A GB08505378A GB8505378A GB2155294A GB 2155294 A GB2155294 A GB 2155294A GB 08505378 A GB08505378 A GB 08505378A GB 8505378 A GB8505378 A GB 8505378A GB 2155294 A GB2155294 A GB 2155294A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
disc blade
agricultural
accompanying drawings
disc
blade
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08505378A
Other versions
GB2155294B (en
GB8505378D0 (en
Inventor
Francis Henry Davis
Michael Allott
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tyzack PLC W A
Original Assignee
Tyzack PLC W A
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tyzack PLC W A filed Critical Tyzack PLC W A
Publication of GB8505378D0 publication Critical patent/GB8505378D0/en
Publication of GB2155294A publication Critical patent/GB2155294A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2155294B publication Critical patent/GB2155294B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B15/00Elements, tools, or details of ploughs
    • A01B15/16Discs; Scrapers for cleaning discs; Sharpening attachments

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

An agricultural disc blade 5 has a cross section that is at least in part a non-circular geometric curve e.g. an ellipse, a parabola or a catenery. A method of manufacturing such a disc comprises the steps of:- a. Producing circular blanks from steel strip; b. Piercing a centre hole or holes; c. Producing any required cut-away portions (13; Fig.4); d. Bevelling at (14, 15, Figs. 7-9) the circumferential cutting edge 8, either by roll forming or metal removing; e. Hot forming the concavity, the central, circular area 6 and any ribs 10 or ripples/flutes in one tool 16; f. Heat treating by quenching in oil or water based emulsion; g. Heat tempering to obtain the optimum combination of hardness and mechanical properties; and h. Coating with primer paint. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Agricultural disc blade and manufacturing method This invention relates to an agricultural disc blade, of the concave kind, and to a method of manufacturing the same.
An agricultural disc blade is a soil engaging, alloy steel disc employed in gangs on common axles, or individually on stub shafts, mounted on a trailed unit or mounted on a unit directly attached to a tractor three point linkage. The function of the concave disc blade, (in contrast to a flat disc blade known as a coulter) is to disturb the surface of the soil by penetration and lateral movement of the soil to a depth proportional to the disc blade diameter, to incorporate by a cutting and inversion action any surface trash (top growth, corn stubble etc.).
To achieve the desired working characteristics, existing disc blade patterns incorporate one of a number of alternative design features, while the concavity can be one of three basic types; that of a single radius or section of a sphere, that of a double radii and flat centre, or that of a truncated cone.
The shape of concavity significantly affects the working efficiency of the disc blade, while the soilengaging, cutting edge of the disc blade can be of a plain bevel, rippled planar, or deep rippled, and can include cutaway portions.
The material employed to manufacture the disc blade must possess both abrasion resistant properties and sufficient strength to withstand working and incidental stresses. The material commonly employed has been a steel of carbon content exceeding 0.6% conforming to specifications such as BS 970, EN 42 or SAE 1085, in which the maximum potential hardness must be sacrificed to achieve the required degree of toughness.
Optimum disc blade design is controlled by a number of inter-related factors. The concavity must be of such a geometric shape as to effect efficient soil movement and inversion, and to distribute the working, manoeuvring and incidental stresses. The cutting edge must be designed to aid penetration and trash cutting, and be designed to approach the soil at the correct angle in order to reduce draft requirements. The material employed must exhibit good resistance to abrasion, but retain ductility and strength in order to withstand the manoeuvring and incidental stresses.
The basic objects of the present invention are to provide an improved agricultural disc blade, and a method of manufacturing same, compared with prior art proposals.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an agricultural disc blade having a cross-section that is at least in part a noncircular geometric curve.
Although it is preferred for the curve to be generated by a section of an ellipse -- for it is claimed, and supported by finite element stress analysis, that the ellipsoidal shape provides the optimum geometrical cross-section to achieve effecient working performance and better stress distribution - other non-circular geometric curves such as parabolic or catenery are possible.
Preferably, the disc blade has a ribbed or alternatively rippled (also known as fluted) peripheral annulus.
Furthermore, the disc blade is preferably produced from boron bearing low/medium carbon steel (C = 0.15/0.35% Mn = 1.0% approx.). This steel constitutes a major development in relation to the agricultural disc industry in that higher hardnesses can be achieved than with the high carbon steels, without the comparable loss in toughness.
The istropy of boron bearing steel is sufficiently developed to preclude the need for the cross-rolling manufacturing step hitherto required in high carbon steel.
As the potential benefits from the use of manganese boron steel in permitting thinner sections can only be realised by developing a stiffer disc blade shape, the preferred ellipsoidal concavity of the disc blade in accordance with the invention fulfils the stress distribution requirements and the soil interaction requirements. A further benefit of the improved disc blade is the reduction in required tractive force, thereby enabling higher speeds of ploughing, disc harrowing, or other soil working technique.
Usually, a central, circular area of the disc blade e.g. over a 250 mm diameter, would not be ellipsoidal etc., but would need to be planar, being formed to suit existing mounting and spacer requirements of the agricultural equipment to which the disc blade is to be applied. The material thickness of a manganese boron steel disc blade sufficient to withstand the generated stresses, can advantageously be less than that if EN 42 or SAE 1085 steels were employed, but the soil working annulus would require stiffening. This is conveniently effected by the adoption of either extended ribs or alternatively ripples/flutes, which may extend radially, or non-radially, to form an annulus of up to 40% of the radius of the disc blade. The ribs or ripples/flutes may be of a depth suitable to provide the required stiffening at the circumferential, cutting edge.Whilst the latter may be continuous, it may be interrupted, by being cut-away, or scalloped, at angularly spaced locations. Any cut-away portions may be semi-circular. The ribs or ripples/flutes may be on a radial pitch arranged in such a way to coincide with the lands or fingers remaining between adjacent cut-away portions in a cut away embodiment.
Dependent on the application, the circumferential cutting edge, whether continuous or interrupted, may be as blanked or formed in one or more of three variants; a single outside bevel, single inside bevel or a double bevel.
The benefits obtained from a combination of a cutting edge bevel and a ribbed or rippled/fluted annulus include edge stiffening, an increase in drive from the soil, reduction in smearing of the soil by the outer, convex, backface of the disc blade, a self-sharpening effect on the cutting edge, improved trash cutting and soil penetration, and a self-cleaning working surface.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing an agricultural disc blade as defined, in which method the concavity, the central, circular area and any ribs or ripples/flutes are hot formed in one tool.
The method may further include the steps of: a. Producing circular blanks from steel strip; b. Piercing a centre hole or holes; c. Producing any required cut-away portions; d. Bevelling the circumferential cutting edge either by roll forming or metal removal; e. Hot forming the concavity, the central, circular and any ribs or ripples/flutes in one tool; f. Heat treating by quenching in oil or water based emulsion; g. Heat tempering to obtain the optimum combination of hardness and mechanical properties; and h. Coating with primer paint.
The forming tool for the concavity, centre, any any ribs or ripples/flutes may be of one or more sizes in diameter to accommodate the range of disc blades to be produced. The centre of the tool is preferably readily interchangeable to meet existing fixing and location requirements.
In order to minimise frictional losses between the surface of the disc blade and the soil during operation, optimum furnace conditions need to be maintained during the pre-heating process effected prior to hot forming the concavity, to avoid or minimise any surface imperfections on the disc blades.
The invention will now be further described in greater detail, by way of examples, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows an ellipse from which the crosssection of an agricultural disc blade in accordance with the invention has been produced; Figure 2 is a sectional view through a first embodiment of agricultural disc blade produced from a portion of the elliptical curve illustrated in Figure 1; Figure 3 corresponds to Figure 2 but shows a second embodiment of agricultural disc blade; Figure 4 is an end elevation of an upper half of a third embodiment of agricultural disc blade in accordance with the invention; Figure 5 shows a portion of an agricultural disc blade having a ribbed periphery, viewed in the direction of arrow A of Figure 4;; Figure 6 shows a portion of an agricultural disc blade having a rippled/fluted periphery, viewed in the direction of arrow B of Figure 4; Figure 7 is a sectional view through an edge portion of an agricultural disc blade having a single outside bevel; Figure 8 corresponds to Figure 7 but shows a single inside bevel; Figure 9 corresponds to Figure 7 but shows a double bevel; and Figure 10 is a cross sectional view through suitable tooling for manufacturing the blade, in accordance with the second aspect of the invention.
!n Figure 1 is illustrated an ellipse 1 having typical dimensions of overall length 2, of 1023mm, overall width 3, 705mm, and a selected section 4 of the elliptical curve of 810mm, length, to produce an agricultural disc blade 5 of outer diameter 810mm.
It will be observed from Figures 2 and 3 that the agricultural disc blade 5 comprises a planar, dished central circular area 6, of shape to suit the particular agricultural implement on which the disc blades 5 are to be mounted, with the dished central area 6 deformed from a principle portion 7 of the disc blade 5, which principle portion 7 follows the curvature of the selected section 4. The curved principle portion 7 extends from the central area 6 to an outer, circumferential cutting edge 8, inwardly from which edge 8 extends a working annulus 9, intended to penetrate the soil. In the embodiment of Figure 2, the working annulus 9 also follows the curvature of the selected section 4, whereas in the embodiment of Figures 3 and 5, the working annulus 9 is provided with outwardly deformed ribs 10, with lands 11 remaining between the deformed ribs 10.As an alternative to ribs 10, the working annulus may, as indicated in Figure 6, be provided, by deformation, with ripples or flutes 12, this deformation being alternately, both inwardly and outwardly.
In the embodiments of Figures 2 and 3, the cutting edge 8 is continuous, whereas in the embodiment of Figure 4, the cutting edge 8 is interrupted by being cut-away, or scalloped, at angularly spaced locations, spacing of 18 being indicated in Figure 4, which produces twenty cut-away portions 13, which are indicated as having a semi-circular shape.
In Figure 7, the working annulus 9 is shown provided with an outside bevel 14, in Figure 8 with an inside bevel 15, and in Figure 9 with both inside and outside bevels 14, 15.
In Figure 10 is indicated a forming tool 16 for hot forming agricultural disc blades in accordance with a second aspect of the invention, the tool 16 comprising an upper tool part 17 and complementary lower tool part 18 having respectively curves 19 and 20 corresponding to the selected section 4 of the ellipse 1, a suitable circular blank, at a suitable temperature (dependant upon certain metallurgical considerations), being inserted between the tool parts 17, 18 and the latter brought together. Each tool part 17, 18 has respectively a replaceable centre 21, 22 to form the dished centre 6 of each disc blade 5, the centre 21 having a female aperture 23, and the centre 22 having a male projection 24 to locate in a previously formed centre hole in each disc blade 5. If the tool 16 is required to produce a ribbed or rippled/fluted working annulus 9, as indicated for instance in Figures 3 to 6, then outer annular portions 25, 26 respectively of the tool parts 17, 18, are suitably ribbed, or rippled/fluted.

Claims (29)

1. An agricultural disc blade having a cross-section that is at least in part a non-circular geometric curve.
2. A disc blade as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the curve is a section of an ellipse.
3. A disc blade as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the curve is a section of a parabolic curve.
4. A disc blade as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the curve is a section of a catenery curve.
5. A disc blade as claimed in any preeding Claim, having a ribbed peripheral annulus.
6. A disc blade as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 4, having a rippled or fluted peripheral annulus.
7. A disc as claimed in any preceding Claim, of boron bearing low/medium carbon steel.
8. A disc blade as claimed in any preceding Claim, wherein a central, circular area of the disc blade is planar.
9. A disc blade as claimed in Claim 5 or Claim 6, and any Claim appendant thereto, wherein the ribbed or rippled/fluted peripheral annulus forms up to 40% of the radius of the disc blade.
10. A disc blade as claimed in any preceding Claim, wherein a circumferential, cutting edge of the disc blade is continuous.
11. A disc blade as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 9, wherein a circumferential, cutting edge of the disc blade is interrupted by being provided with cut-away portions at regular angular spacing.
12. A disc blade as claimed in Claim 11, wherein the cut-away portions are semi-circular.
13. A disc blade as claimed in Claim 11 or Claim 12, wherein the angular spacing is 18".
14. A disc blade as claimed in any one of Claims 11 to 13, wherein the ribs or ripples/flutes are arranged on radial pitch in such a way to coincide with the lands or fingers remaining between adjacent cut-away portions.
15. A disc blade as claimed in any preceding Claim, wherein the blade cutting edge has a single outside bevel.
16. A disc blade as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 14, wherein the cutting edge has a single inside bevel.
17. A disc blade as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 14, wherein the cutting edge has a double bevel.
18. A method of manufacturing an agricultural disc blade as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 17, wherein the concavity, central, circular area and any ribs or ripples/flutes are hot formed in one tool.
19. A method as claimed in Claim 18, comprising the steps of: a. Producing circular blanks from steel strip; b. Piercing a centre hole or holes; c. Producing any required cut-away portions; d. Bevelling the circumferential cutting edge either by roll forming or metal removal; e. Hot forming the concavity, the central, circular area and any ribs or ripples/flutes in one tool; f. Heat treating by quenching in oil or water based emulsion; g. Heat tempering to obtain the optimum combination of hardness and mechanical properties; and h. Coating with primer paint.
20. A method as claimed in Claim 18 or Claim 19, wherein the tool has an interchangeable centre
21. An agricultural disc blade substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings.
22. An agricultural disc blade substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
23. An agricultural disc blade substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings.
24. An agricultural disc blade substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings.
25. An agricultural disc blade substantially as herein before described with reference to Figure 6 of the accompanying drawings.
26. An agricultural disc blade substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 7 of the accompanying drawings.
27. An agricultural disc blade substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 8 of the accompanying drawings.
28. An agricultural disc blade substantially as herein before described with reference to Figure 9 of the accompanying drawings.
29. A method of manufacturing an agricultural disc blade substantially as herein before described with reference to Figure 10 of the accompanying drawings.
GB08505378A 1984-03-10 1985-03-01 Agricultural disc blade and manufacturing method Expired GB2155294B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB848406346A GB8406346D0 (en) 1984-03-10 1984-03-10 Agricultural disc

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8505378D0 GB8505378D0 (en) 1985-04-03
GB2155294A true GB2155294A (en) 1985-09-25
GB2155294B GB2155294B (en) 1986-12-31

Family

ID=10557907

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB848406346A Pending GB8406346D0 (en) 1984-03-10 1984-03-10 Agricultural disc
GB08505378A Expired GB2155294B (en) 1984-03-10 1985-03-01 Agricultural disc blade and manufacturing method

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB848406346A Pending GB8406346D0 (en) 1984-03-10 1984-03-10 Agricultural disc

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3953085A (en)
GB (2) GB8406346D0 (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5251514A (en) * 1992-11-02 1993-10-12 White Consolidated Industries, Inc. Method for forming mower blades
FR2929799A1 (en) * 2008-04-09 2009-10-16 Forges De Niaux Soc Par Action DISC FOR AGRICULTURAL USE, IN PARTICULAR DISC USED FOR SOIL PREPARATION
RU2410859C2 (en) * 2009-03-23 2011-02-10 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Чувашская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия" Sowing machine of strip sowing
US7905968B2 (en) * 2008-04-30 2011-03-15 Douglas G Bruce Method of heat treating cultivating disc, coulter, and seed drill blades made from heat quenched boron steels, such that they can be roller re-edged and re-sharpened, and yet retain excellent toughness, hardness and wear characteristics, and are especially useful in dry sandy soils such as found in certain wheat growing regions
US20140014380A1 (en) * 2011-06-10 2014-01-16 Kverneland As Flexible disc for a disc seeding coulter
ITUB20154821A1 (en) * 2015-10-22 2017-04-22 Elitech Solution S R L PROCEDURE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A GROUND DISC MILL
US12245533B2 (en) 2018-04-05 2025-03-11 Deere & Company Disk blade with sharpened edge and relief portion and method of manufacturing the same

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB874972A (en) * 1958-10-13 1961-08-16 Harold Henry Light Rotary cultivators
GB1190349A (en) * 1967-11-11 1970-05-06 Viktor Lemken Disc-like Cultivator Tool
GB1218336A (en) * 1968-07-18 1971-01-06 Borg Warner Fluted coulter disc blade and method of making same
GB2000002A (en) * 1977-06-27 1979-01-04 Borg Warner High-speed agricultural disc
GB2000671A (en) * 1977-06-27 1979-01-17 Borg Warner High-speed agricultural disc

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB874972A (en) * 1958-10-13 1961-08-16 Harold Henry Light Rotary cultivators
GB1190349A (en) * 1967-11-11 1970-05-06 Viktor Lemken Disc-like Cultivator Tool
GB1218336A (en) * 1968-07-18 1971-01-06 Borg Warner Fluted coulter disc blade and method of making same
GB2000002A (en) * 1977-06-27 1979-01-04 Borg Warner High-speed agricultural disc
GB2000671A (en) * 1977-06-27 1979-01-17 Borg Warner High-speed agricultural disc

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5251514A (en) * 1992-11-02 1993-10-12 White Consolidated Industries, Inc. Method for forming mower blades
FR2929799A1 (en) * 2008-04-09 2009-10-16 Forges De Niaux Soc Par Action DISC FOR AGRICULTURAL USE, IN PARTICULAR DISC USED FOR SOIL PREPARATION
WO2009133293A3 (en) * 2008-04-09 2009-12-30 Forges De Niaux Disk for farm use, particularly used for field plowing
RU2488985C2 (en) * 2008-04-09 2013-08-10 Форж Де Нио Disc used in agriculture in particular disc used for plowing
US8517119B2 (en) 2008-04-09 2013-08-27 Forges De Niaux Disk for farm use, particularly used for field plowing
US7905968B2 (en) * 2008-04-30 2011-03-15 Douglas G Bruce Method of heat treating cultivating disc, coulter, and seed drill blades made from heat quenched boron steels, such that they can be roller re-edged and re-sharpened, and yet retain excellent toughness, hardness and wear characteristics, and are especially useful in dry sandy soils such as found in certain wheat growing regions
RU2410859C2 (en) * 2009-03-23 2011-02-10 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Чувашская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия" Sowing machine of strip sowing
US20140014380A1 (en) * 2011-06-10 2014-01-16 Kverneland As Flexible disc for a disc seeding coulter
ITUB20154821A1 (en) * 2015-10-22 2017-04-22 Elitech Solution S R L PROCEDURE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A GROUND DISC MILL
US12245533B2 (en) 2018-04-05 2025-03-11 Deere & Company Disk blade with sharpened edge and relief portion and method of manufacturing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3953085A (en) 1985-09-12
GB2155294B (en) 1986-12-31
GB8505378D0 (en) 1985-04-03
GB8406346D0 (en) 1984-04-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US7874376B2 (en) Fluted farming disc
US12245533B2 (en) Disk blade with sharpened edge and relief portion and method of manufacturing the same
CA1204679A (en) Strengthened can bodies formed of thin-walled material
US5297637A (en) Agricultural disc blade
EP0932470B1 (en) Dimpled circular saw blade
US3559748A (en) Fluted coulter disc blade
EP3024313A1 (en) Wavy disc blade with notches
GB2155294A (en) Agricultural disc blade and manufacturing method
GB2154845A (en) Improved coulter blade
JP2839497B2 (en) Sync ring
US8517119B2 (en) Disk for farm use, particularly used for field plowing
GB2051307A (en) Coupling clamp for a rotary transmission member
IE800162L (en) Flanged bushing
JP2017201915A (en) Tilling tine
EP3468333B1 (en) Disc tool, agricultural implement comprising such a disc tool and method for manufacturing a disc tool
US4280566A (en) Agricultural disk having non-directional fracture properties
US2982006A (en) Rotatable cutting or abrading tools
DE102022105159B4 (en) Wheel disc for vehicle wheels, method of manufacturing and vehicle wheel
CA1077249A (en) Sheet metal fan blade forming process
DE202014102912U1 (en) Cover for a brake or a region of a brake or a wheel of a vehicle, in particular Bremsabdeckblech
CN101890528B (en) Disc-shaped cutting tool
RU2255452C2 (en) Method of manufacture of hoe blade
US5104744A (en) Spacer for an essentially cylindrical tool and process for its production
RU214618U1 (en) SPHERICAL DISC
EP0110919A1 (en) Plough discs

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee