GB2190291A - Rumen bolus - Google Patents
Rumen bolus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2190291A GB2190291A GB08711704A GB8711704A GB2190291A GB 2190291 A GB2190291 A GB 2190291A GB 08711704 A GB08711704 A GB 08711704A GB 8711704 A GB8711704 A GB 8711704A GB 2190291 A GB2190291 A GB 2190291A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- segments
- bolus
- electrically conductive
- plastics
- support rod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 title description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000282849 Ruminantia Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- -1 magnesium-aluminium-copper Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BEZZFPOZAYTVHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxfendazole Chemical compound C=1C=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=CC=1S(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BEZZFPOZAYTVHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004454 oxfendazole Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000507 anthelmentic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- GXBKELQWVXYOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron tungsten Chemical compound [W][Fe][W] GXBKELQWVXYOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
- A61K9/0068—Rumen, e.g. rumen bolus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/20—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by moulding, e.g. making cakes or briquettes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
- A23K40/35—Making capsules specially adapted for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
- A61J3/00—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms
- A61J3/06—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms into the form of pills, lozenges or dragees
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M31/00—Devices for introducing or retaining media, e.g. remedies, in cavities of the body
- A61M31/002—Devices for releasing a drug at a continuous and controlled rate for a prolonged period of time
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
A bolus for the controlled release of a biologically active ingredient to ruminants comprises a plurality of annular plastics segments 11 pressed onto a magnesium alloy support rod 12. End segment 14 is extended at the rear to form an annular cavity containing a weighting material 18 and has a releasable cap 13 engagable with an end of the support rod 12 to seal the cavity and contain the weighting material 18 therein. Each segment 11 is provided with a recess and a ring shaped tablet 15 located therein, the tablet 15 containing an active ingredient. The segments 11, 14 are of a plastics material containing dispersed therein an electrically conductive material such that the segments 11, 14 are electrically conductive and coupled to the support rod 12 to cause galvanic corrosion thereof. To enhance the galvanic corrosion rate an exterior coating of an electrically conductive material can be applied to the segments. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Bolus
This invention relates to a device, in the form of a bolus, suitable for the controlled release of therapeutic or nutrient substance(s) to ruminants. European Patent Application No.
85303461.9 (Published under No. 0 164 927) describes boluses which essentially depend for their action on the corrosion of a magnesium alloy/member in the rumen juices. The magnesium alloy parts of these devices act as time fuses the degradation of which releases controlled amounts of the desired therapeutic or nutrient substance(s) over a period of several months.
One commercial type of such a bolus consists of a central magnesium alloy support rod which carries several segments, of plastics material, which are an interference fit on the rod. Each such segment provides a respective annular recess which contains a ring-form tablet of anthelmintic or other biologically active material. The adjacent plastics segments abut closely to prevent ingress of liquid, and rubber sealing washers may be provided between the segments. In order that the device may be retained by the animal, it must be weighted to provide a minimum density of about 2.2gm/m1. In addition, it has been found that with the usual magnesium-aluminium-copper alloys which are used for these devices the magnesium alloy rod must be electrically coupled to a more electro-negative material to give the required corrosion rate.For these purposes, a steel end weight has been used, which is also carried by the magnesium alloy support rod and functions both as weight and as a cathode. In action, the magnesium rod corrodes progressively from the end remote from the weight, releasing the plastics segments and their contained tablets of drug at regular intervals. A disadvantage of this design is that the steel end weight is retained indefinitely by the animal and is undesirable in that it may eventually damage the animal and the machinery used to process the carcass.
It is an object of the present invention therefore to provide a bolus of the previously described type providing for galvanic corrosion of the magnesium rod without the use of a solid steel end weight.
With this object in view the present invention provides a bolus having a central magnesium alloy support rod carrying a plurality of annular segments which are an interference fit on the rod, each such segment providing a respective annular recess containing a ringform tablet of a biologically active material and abutting closely its adjacent segments to prevent the ingress of liquid, characterised in that the segments are of a plastics material having, dispensed therein an electrically conductive material such that the secments are electrically conductive and galvanically coupled to the magnesium alloy support rod.
It will be readily understood that this construction will cause galvanic corrosion of the magnesium rod releasing the segments and their respective tablets at regular intervals. Although the steel end weight is not required for galvanic coupling it is still preferable to weight the bolus to ensure its retention by the animal. Advantageously therefore one end segment is extended at its rear to form an annular cavity which is filled with a weighting material and a releasable cap, also of electrically conductive plastics, is provided engagable with one end of the mangesium support rod to seal the cavity in the end segment.
Preferably the weighting material is fine iron shot or finely divided iron-tungston alloy.
The electrically conductive material dispersed in the plastics segments is preferably metal granules, the metal being more electronegative than magnesium such as iron, copper, nickel or zinc. Advantageously the material is carbon or graphite powder.
Although the plastics segments are electrically conductive the produced galvanic corrosion rate may be lower than would be obtained with a steel end weight due to the lower effectiveness of the electrical contact with the rumen liquor (providing the electrolyte). This contact is advantageously improved by providing a coating of an electrically conductive material on the plastics segments exterior surfaces for example an iron or iron based coating.
The invention will be described further, by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing in which the single figure is a sectional elevation illustrating a preferred embodiment of the bolus of the invention.
Referring to the drawing the bolus shown therein comprises a plurality of annular-shaped plastics segments 11 which are injection moulded using a rigid polypropylene containing about 40% by weight of conductive carbon in powder form. The segments 11 are pressed onto a magnesium alloy core rod 12 which is made from an alloy containing 12% aluminium and 2% copper, the percentages being by weight. Each segment 11 contains a ringshaped tablet 15 containing an active ingredient consisting of Igm of oxfendazole. End segment 14 is similar to the segments 11 save that it is extended at the rear to form a long annular cavity which is filled with weighting material 18 in the form of fine iron shot, e.g.
S170 grade, or finely divided iron-tungsten alloy. A cap 13 on the segment 14 is also moulded from carbon-filled polypropylene and engages with the extreme end of the magnesium support rod 12 to seal the end of the segment 14.
The device is suitable for administration to cattle and may, for example, weigh about 100 gms. The bolus is administered using a balling gun. In the animal's rumeno-reticular sac, corrosion of the magnesium rod 12 proceeds from the exposed end as a result of contact with the rumen juices. The plastics segments 11 fall away at about 4 week intervals, each exposing a fresh drug-containing tablet 15 to the rumen contents. When corrosion of the magnesium rod 12 has extended beyond the position indicated approximately by the numeral 17, the closing cap 13 becomes dislodged and the finely-divided weighting material 18 escapes from its enclosure provided by the segment 14, to be eliminated from the animal along with the plastic parts.
The device depends for its success on maintaining a liquid-tight seal between the adjacent segments at the points indicated at 16, and rubber or like washers may be inserted here to facilitate this.
To increase the electrical coupling between the segments and the rumen liquor a coating (not shown) of iron or an iron based electrically conductive compound may be applied to the segments exterior surfaces. This will bring about a faster galvanic corrosion rate than would otherwise be possible.
The foregoing details are descriptive and variations may be made thereto within the scope of the invention. For example other electrically conductive materials could be substituted for the carbon powder such as granu íated iron, copper nickel or zinc and the proportions used may vary from that specified.
The biologically active ingredient contained in the ring-form tablets can be any desired or required agent and need not be oxfendazole.
The composition of the magnesium alloy support rod may be different from that described and the iron or iron based conductive coating on the segments exterior could be omitted or a different electrically conductive material used instead. The rate at which the drug containing tablets are released will vary according to the galvanic corrosion rate and the diameter of the support rod and need not be at 4 week intervals. Other variations are also possible.
Claims (8)
1. A bolus having a central magnesium alloy support rod carrying a plurality of annular segments which are an interference fit on the rod, each such segment providing a respective annular recess containing a ring-form tablet of a biologically active material and abutting closely its adjacent segment to prevent the ingress of liquid characterised in that the segments are of a plastics material having dispersed therein an electrically conductive material such that the segments are electrically conductive and galvanically coupled to the magnesium alloy support rod.
2. A bolus as claimed in claim 1 wherein one end, segment is extended at its rear to form an annular cavity containing a weighting material and has a releasable cap, also of electrically conductive plastics, engagable with one end of the magnesium support rod to seal the cavity.
3. A bolus as claimed in claim 2 wherein the weighting material is iron shot.
4. A bolus as claimed in claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein a coating of an electrically conductive material is provided on the segments exterior surfaces.
5. A bolus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the electrically conductive material dispersed in the plastics segments is carbon powder.
6. A bolus as claimed in claims 1, 2, 3 or 4 wherein the electrically conductive material dispersed in the plastics segments is granulated metal, the metal being lower in the electro-chemical series than magnesium.
7. A bolus as claimed in claim 6 wherein the electrically conductive material is iron granules.
8. A bolus substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB868612054A GB8612054D0 (en) | 1986-05-17 | 1986-05-17 | Bolus |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8711704D0 GB8711704D0 (en) | 1987-06-24 |
| GB2190291A true GB2190291A (en) | 1987-11-18 |
| GB2190291B GB2190291B (en) | 1990-03-28 |
Family
ID=10598031
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB868612054A Pending GB8612054D0 (en) | 1986-04-17 | 1986-05-17 | Bolus |
| GB8711704A Expired - Fee Related GB2190291B (en) | 1986-05-17 | 1987-05-18 | Controlled release bolus for ruminants. |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB868612054A Pending GB8612054D0 (en) | 1986-04-17 | 1986-05-17 | Bolus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (2) | GB8612054D0 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2012203345B2 (en) * | 2004-09-09 | 2013-07-18 | Argenta Manufacturing Limited | Delivery devices and their uses |
-
1986
- 1986-05-17 GB GB868612054A patent/GB8612054D0/en active Pending
-
1987
- 1987-05-18 GB GB8711704A patent/GB2190291B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2012203345B2 (en) * | 2004-09-09 | 2013-07-18 | Argenta Manufacturing Limited | Delivery devices and their uses |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8711704D0 (en) | 1987-06-24 |
| GB2190291B (en) | 1990-03-28 |
| GB8612054D0 (en) | 1986-06-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19940518 |