GB2197684A - I.C. engine fuel injection nozzle - Google Patents
I.C. engine fuel injection nozzle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2197684A GB2197684A GB08725404A GB8725404A GB2197684A GB 2197684 A GB2197684 A GB 2197684A GB 08725404 A GB08725404 A GB 08725404A GB 8725404 A GB8725404 A GB 8725404A GB 2197684 A GB2197684 A GB 2197684A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- valve member
- bore
- fuel
- seating
- nozzle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010016256 fatigue Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/06—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves being furnished at seated ends with pintle or plug shaped extensions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
- C04B35/597—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicon oxynitride, e.g. SIALONS
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
- F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
2197681 "FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE" 1 This invention relates to a fuel
injection nozzle for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber of a compression ignition engine and of the kind comprising a nozzle body having a blind bore formed therein, a seating defined at the blind end of the bore, and a valve member movable in the bore and shaped for cooperation with the seating to control the flow of fuel through an outlet opening.
Conventional nozzles of the aforesaid type have been formed from low alloy steel with the result that the temperature of the portion of the body which in use is exposed within the combustion chamber of an engine has had to be limited to about 3WIC to minimise the risk of fatigue failure or failure due to plastic deformation of the seat. Nozzle designs incorporating cooling jackets are known but such designs are more complex and expensive and in addition, usually occupy more space in the cylinder head of the engine.
The use of more heat resistant material such for example as silicon nitride for the valve member and the body has been hampered owing to the difficulty of machining the body in particular the outlet opening.
The object of the present is to provide a fuel injection nozzle of the aforesaid kind in a simple and convenient form.
According to the invention in a fuel injection nozzle of the kind specified the nozzle body and the valve member are formed from an electrically conductive sialon material.
According to another asPect of the invention a method of manufacturing an injection nozzle of the kind specified comprises injection moulding the nozzle body using electrically conductive sialon materialf heating the body to cause sintering of the materialp electro-machining the body, forming the valve member from the same material and assembling the valve member to the body.
Examples of fuel injection nozzle in accordance with the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of one form of ihjection nozzle with Figure 2 being a view similar to Figure 2 but showing to an enlarged scale part of the nozzle seen in Figure 1 and Figures 3 and 4 show alternative versions of the nozzle.
Referring to the drawings a fuel injection nozzle body is indicated at 10 and it is seen to be of tubular form having a bore 11. one end of the bore is closed and at this end of the bore there is formed a seating 12 and from within the confines of the seating there extends to the exterior of the body, an outlet orifice 13. AS shown in Figure 1 the body 10 is mounted within a tubular holder 14 the body conveniently being located within a cylindrical recess 15 formed in the holder and the holder additionally being of tubular form so as to define an extension of the bore 11. Within the bore in the holder and the body is a valve member 16 and this is guided adjacent the seating by means of a bush 17 having longitudinal grooves 18 formed in its outer peripheral surface. The valve member at its end remote from the seating is located in a cylindrical member 19 which is a good sliding fit within a bore 20 formed in a sleeve 21 which is secured within an internally enlarged portion of the holder.
The member 19 carries a spring abutment 22 against which is located one end of a coiled compression spring 23 the opposite end of which engages an adjustable abutment 24. The valve member 16 and the bore 11 define a clearance to which fuel under pressure can be admitted by way of a fuel inlet 25 which in use is connected to the outlet of a high pressure injection pump.
The valve member 16 mounts a valve insert 26 at end adjacent the seating, the insert being shaped to co-operate with the seating 12. In use, when liquid fuel under pressure is supplied to the inlet 25 a force is developed upon the valve member and the member 19 to cause movement thereof against the action of the spring 23. In so doing the insert 26 is lifted from the seating and fuel flow takes place through the outlet orifice 13. This flow of fuel continues so long as fuel under pressure is supplied to the inlet 25 but as soon as the fuel pressure at the inlet falls the insert is moved by the action of the spring, into contact with the seatina so that further flow of fuel through the outlet orifice 13 is prevented.
The lower portion of the nozzle body 10 is exposed within the combustion chamber of the associated engine which means that it will be subject to considerable heat and such heat will also be transferred to the insert 26. It is normal practice to form the valve member 16 from the same material as the insert but for the purpose of the invention, the body 10 and the insert 26 are formed from an electrically conductive sialon material as also may the sleeve 21 and the member 19. In this case the holder 14 would be formed from steel and care will be necessary to secure the body 10 within the holder owing to the differing 1 thermal expansion of the sialon material and the steel. If desired however the complete valve member 16 may be formed from the sialon material.
Conveniently the nozzle body 10 is formed by injection moulding the sialon material in a suitable die cavity following which the body is sintered. After sintering the body, the seating 12 and in particular the outlet orifice 13 can be machined using an electro-discharge technique. The formation of the insert 26 or the complete valve member can be carried out in a similar manner. In the case of the seating and the sliding surfaces diamond grinding may also be required.
Figure 3 shows an alternative form of nozzle having a nozzle body 27 in which is defined a bore 28. As in the previous example,, the blind end of the bore defines a seating 29 with which co-operates the reduced end 30 of a valve member 31. The reduced end of the valve member and the bore define an annular clearance 31 which communicates with an enlargement 32 in the bore to which fuel can be supplied by way of a fuel inlet passage 33. In this case, the outlet 34 extends axially from the end of the bore and the reduced portion of the valve member carries a pintle 35 in known manner. The valve member is biased by a spring 36 into engagement with the seating. As with the previous example, the body 27 can be injection moulded from electrically conductive sialon material following which sintering of the preform is carried out followed by the electro-discharge machining operation.
The example shown in Figure 4 is substantially identical to the example sh.own in Figure 3 with the exception that the portion 31 of the valve member is 6 - provided with a layer 37 of non-electrically conductive sialon material. It is arranged that the coating 37 extends beyond the portion of the bore 28 when the valve member is in the closed position so that the valve member will be electrically isolated from the body 27 except when the valve member is in the closed position and is in contact with the seating. In this way the valve member and seating form the equivalent of an electric switch which is opened immediately the valve member is lifted from the seating and the switch can be used to provide a signal instant at which the valve member seating. It will be understood non-electrically conductive sialon incorporated into the body.
1 indicative of the is lifted from the that the layer of material may be
Claims (6)
- CLAIMS is 1 A fuel injection nozzle for supplying fuel to the combustionchamber of a compression ignition engine comprising a nozzle body having a blind bore formed therein, a seating defined at the blind end of the bore. and a valve member movable in the bore and shaped for co-operation with the seating to control the flow of fuel through an outlet opening characterized in that the nozzle body and the valve member are formed from an electrically conductive sialon material.
- 2. A fuel injection nozzle according to Claim 1 in which the valve member is slidable in the bore, one of the co-operating surfaces of the bore and valve member being formed from a non-electrically conducting sialon material.
- 3. A method of manufacturing an injection nozzle for supplying fuel to a combustion chamber of a compression ignition engine, the nozzle comprising a nozzle body having a blind bore therein, a seating defined at the blind end of the bore and a valve member movable in the bore and shaped for co-operation with the seating to control flow of fuel through an outlet opening, and the method comprising moulding the nozzle body using electrically conductive sialon material, elect ro-mach in ing the body, forming the valve member from the same material and assembling the valve member to the body.
- 4. A method according to Claim 3 including the step of providing a coating of non-electrically conducting sialon material or one of the co-operating surfaces of the bore and valve member.- 8
- 5. A method according to Claim 3 including the further step of diamond grinding surfaces of the valve body.
- 6. A fuel injection nozzle for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber of a compression ignition engine comprising the combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinbefore described.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB868627868A GB8627868D0 (en) | 1986-11-21 | 1986-11-21 | Fuel injection nozzle |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8725404D0 GB8725404D0 (en) | 1987-12-02 |
| GB2197684A true GB2197684A (en) | 1988-05-25 |
| GB2197684B GB2197684B (en) | 1990-09-19 |
Family
ID=10607711
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB868627868A Pending GB8627868D0 (en) | 1986-11-21 | 1986-11-21 | Fuel injection nozzle |
| GB8725404A Expired - Lifetime GB2197684B (en) | 1986-11-21 | 1987-10-29 | Fuel injection nozzle |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB868627868A Pending GB8627868D0 (en) | 1986-11-21 | 1986-11-21 | Fuel injection nozzle |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63138158A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3739124A1 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB8627868D0 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0677656A1 (en) * | 1994-03-14 | 1995-10-18 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Wear resistant fuel injector plunger assembly |
| WO2009016004A1 (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2009-02-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector having a centering sleeve resting on the ball valve seat of a jet needle as a guide for the jet needle |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4141274A1 (en) * | 1991-12-14 | 1993-06-17 | Frantisek Sobkovcik | Fuel injection device for IC engine - has nozzle housing with fuel channel, which opens into chamber with bellows and needle, connected to valve |
| DE10205188A1 (en) * | 2002-02-08 | 2003-08-21 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines |
| DE102020108668A1 (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2021-09-30 | Liebherr-Components Deggendorf Gmbh | Needle lift switch and fuel injector with such a needle lift switch |
-
1986
- 1986-11-21 GB GB868627868A patent/GB8627868D0/en active Pending
-
1987
- 1987-10-29 GB GB8725404A patent/GB2197684B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-11-13 JP JP28566887A patent/JPS63138158A/en active Pending
- 1987-11-19 DE DE19873739124 patent/DE3739124A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0677656A1 (en) * | 1994-03-14 | 1995-10-18 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Wear resistant fuel injector plunger assembly |
| WO2009016004A1 (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2009-02-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector having a centering sleeve resting on the ball valve seat of a jet needle as a guide for the jet needle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2197684B (en) | 1990-09-19 |
| GB8627868D0 (en) | 1986-12-31 |
| DE3739124A1 (en) | 1988-06-01 |
| GB8725404D0 (en) | 1987-12-02 |
| JPS63138158A (en) | 1988-06-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19921029 |