GB2198087A - Designs on glass - Google Patents
Designs on glass Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2198087A GB2198087A GB08627596A GB8627596A GB2198087A GB 2198087 A GB2198087 A GB 2198087A GB 08627596 A GB08627596 A GB 08627596A GB 8627596 A GB8627596 A GB 8627596A GB 2198087 A GB2198087 A GB 2198087A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- design
- glass
- sheet
- interlayer
- laminate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10247—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10899—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10908—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin in liquid form
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
- B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
- B44C1/175—Transfer using solvent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
- B44F1/00—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects
- B44F1/06—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects produced by transmitted light, e.g. transparencies, imitations of glass paintings
- B44F1/066—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects produced by transmitted light, e.g. transparencies, imitations of glass paintings comprising at least two transparent elements, e.g. sheets, layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/402—Coloured
- B32B2307/4026—Coloured within the layer by addition of a colorant, e.g. pigments, dyes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/41—Opaque
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
Landscapes
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A method of producing coloured designs on glass comprises first printing the design 10 on a sheet of gummed paper (3) to form a water-slide transfer and coating the design with a layer 15 of stoving enamel varnish. The design is removed from the gummed paper by soaking and then applied to a sheet of glass 12. The sheet of glass 12 is then laminated with a second sheet of glass 14 and an interlayer 16, which may be in liquid form, to form a glass laminate. The design is arranged to be on the inner side of the glass 12 so as to be protected from scratching. In use the glass is placed so that the interlayer lies between the design and the main source of light so that the interlayer absorbs ultra-violet light before it reaches the design. <IMAGE>
Description
DESIGNS ON GLASS
The present invention relates to a method for producing a coloured design on sheet glass, especially for use in windows.
It is known to decorate glass by applying designs to the surface of the glass by the use of transfers. The coloured design is applied to the transfer substrate for example by screen printing, and when completed is removed and adhered to the surface of the glass. These designs are however, susceptible to abrasion and scratching and are further deteriorated by fading on being exposed to ultra-violet light.
It is also known to coat the designs with varnish as a protection against scratching. This, however, does not prevent the colours from fading when exposed to light.
Scratch resistant designs with colours that are stable when exposed to light can be formed using vitreous enamelling techniques.
This method requires that the enamel and glass be fused by applying heat to raise the temperature of the glass to about 600 C or above. These extreme conditions require the use of specialised equipment in creating the designs which can be both prohibitive and very expensive.
It is an object of this invention to provide a method of applying a decoration to glass that will be resistant to scratching and abrasion and will reduce the degradation of the colours by ultra-violet light.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of producing a design on glass comprising applying the design to one surface of a first sheet of glass and bonding the first sheet to a second sheet with an interlayer to form a laminate in which the surface bearing the design is adjacent the interlayer.
According to a second aspect of this invention there is provided a patterned article comprising a laminate having a first glass sheet bonded to a second glass sheet with an interlayer, the first glass sheet having a design applied to its surface adjacent the interlayer.
By sandwiching the design between the layers of the laminate, it is protected from scratching and asbrasion by the surrounding glass. Common glass absorbs some ultra-violet light and by sandwiching the design between glass in the laminate the colours are, to some extent, protected from fading. The degree of protection is however substantially increased if the material used for the interlayer is selected so as to be highly opaque to ultraviolet light. It is however necessary to ensure that the laminate is installed correctly, with the design shielded from incident ultra-violet light by the interlayer.
The design may conveniently be applied to the surface of the sheet of glass by the use of transfers. The transfer comprises a substrate, typically gummed paper, onto which the design is applied, for example hy printing. The design is bonded to the substrate by means of an adhesive. We have found that using glass frits coloured with vegetable dyes for the design produces transparent colours that are satisfactorily stable when exposed to ultra-violet light.
To apply the design to the glass, the transfer is soaked in a suitable solvent for the adhesive that holds the transfer on the substrate to loosen the design from the substrate. To ensure that sufficient adhesive remains on the design to allow the design to be firmly applied to the glass, it is preferable if the transfer is soaked in a solution of adhesive.
We have also found that it is beneficial to heat the glass to a few degrees above room temperature, say, to around SO0F (250C), prior to applying the transfer.
The products of the method of this invention combine both the advantages of a scratch resistant and light stable design with the protection inherent in laminated glass structures. Should the article be broken at any time, the resulting fragments of glass are held together by the interlayer and are prevented from causing injury.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention the transfer has a layer of stoving enamel varnish applied over the design prior to the application of the design to the glass. The interlayer of the glass laminate may have a tendency to bleed colours out of the transfer, particularly when the interlayer is applied in liquid form between the two sheets of glass. The layer of stoving enamel varnish prevents the colours in the transfer bleeding into the interlayer.
An embodiment of this invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is as cross-section through a transfer; and
Figure 2 is a cross-section through a laminate.
A water-slide transfer, as shown in Fig. 1, is prepared by printing a design on gummed paper using a heat resistant lighttransmitting printing medium. The printing medium may be prepared as follows.
A clear glass frit is produced by melting down glass, cooling it rapidly, and then crushing and grinding the resulting product into a fine powder. The glass frit thus produced is then dyed to create the desired colours using commercially-available vegetable dyes that have good colour fastness on exposure to light.
The gummed paper 3 has a coating layer 5 of gum arabic. The design 10 is printed on the gummed side of the paper 3 using a silkscreen printing technique building up the design in several colours.
The design may, for examnple, be a reproduction of a stained-glass window.
When the design is completed and has been allowed to dry, it is overprinted with a layer 15 of stoving enamel varnish which covers the whole of the design and a surrounding margin on the gummed paper substrate. The layer of stoving enamel varnish covering the transfer protects the design from the interlayer. The material of the interlayer, particularly if applied in liquid form, might otherwise dissolve some of the colours in the design and cause it to bleed into the interlayer.
The stoving enamel layer 15 is exposed to ultra-violet light to harden and then overprinted with a layer 7 of acrylic resin to form a strippable overcoat. The overcoat covers the varnished area and a surrounding margin of the gummed paper. It has an extension 17 to form a tab to assist in picking up the covercoat, and thus the transfer, from the surface of the gummed paper.
When it is desired to apply the design to a sheet of glass 12 the transfer is soaked in a trough of water at room temperature to which cellulose wallpaper paste has been added at the rate of one teaspoon per pint of water.
The surface to which the transfer is to be applied is cleaned and degreased and then warmed gently by heating with a portable electric hair dryer. The transfer is lifted from the gummed paper substrate by means of the acrylic resin covercoat, placed on the window pane and slid into position. When correctly placed the transfer is pressed down with a squeegee to remove all air pockets and creases. Finally the transfer is wiped with a damp sponge to remove excess moisture and allowed to dry. The acrylic covercoat is then carefully peeled from the transfer, leaving the design with its stoving enamel varnish coating on the glass.
Once the design 10 has been applied to the sheet of glass 12, the sheet is then incorporated in a laminate. The laminate comprises at least two sheets of glass 12 and 14 bonded together by an interlayer 16. The interlayer 16 typically a plastic, for example polyvinyl butyral, is first dried to reduce its moisture content and is then applied over the design 10 so that it completely covers the glass sheet 12. The second glass sheet 14 is then placed over the interlayer 16. At this stage, the temperature is kept below about 16"C to prevent the interlayer from becoming folded and adhering to itself.
The assembled laminate is gently heated and rolled using rubber rollers to bring about preliminary adhesion of the interlayer 16 with both glass sheets 12 and 14. To effect complete adhesion, the laminate is pressed and heated to about 100 C. Once the layers of the laminate are sufficiently bonded, the pressure is released and the laminate is allowed to cool slowly to prevent the build up of internal stresses which could result in the glass cracking.
In use, the laminate may be exposed to strong sources of ultraviolet light, for example natural sunlight. The optical properties of many glasses are such that although they offer some absorption of ultra-violet light they do not prevent the colours of the design from being faded. The degree of protection is however much improved if the interlayer is of a material which is substantially opaque to ultra-violet light. The materials used for interlayers of laminated glass typically absorb 90% of the ultra-violet light. In this case, to obtain the best protection, it is important that the design is shielded from the light source by the interlayer. Where the glass is shaped, such as in a car windscreen, it will be readily apparent which is the outer layer of glass. Where the glass is flat it may be necessary to aid in the installation of the laminate, in a window frame for example, the laminate should be marked to indicate the sheet to which the design is adhered. This may be by means of engraving or sand blasting, for example, to indicate the correct orientation of the laminate.
Claims (21)
1. A method of producing a design on glass comprising applying the design to one surface of a first sheet of glass and bonding the first sheet to a second sheet with an interlayer to form a laminate in which the surface bearing the design is adjacent the interlayer.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the design is of coloured glass frits.
3. A method according to claim 2 wherein the frits are coloured with vegetable dye.
4. A method according to claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the design is applied using a transfer comprising a substrate to which the design is adhered.
5. A method according to any of claim 4, wherein the transfer is soaked in an adhesive solution to release the design from the substrate.
6. A method according to any of claims 4 or 5, wherein the first sheet of glass is heated prior to application of the design.
7. A method according to claim 4, 5 or 6 in which a layer of stoving enamel varnish is applied over the design.
8. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the interlayer is substantially opaque to ultra-violet light.
9. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the second sheet of glass is substantially opaque to ultra-violet light.
10. A method of installing a laminate the product of any preceding claim, wherein the laminate is disposed so that the interlayer and the second sheet lie between the design and the major source of ultra-violet light.
11. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein one of the sheets is marked so that the orientation of the laminate is readily identifiable.
12. A patterned article comprising a laminate having a first glass sheet bonded to a second glass sheet with an interlayer, the first glass sheet having a design applied to its surface adjacent the interlayer.
13. An article according to claim 12, wherein the design is of coloured glass frits.
14. An article according to any of claims 12 or 13, wherein the frits are coloured with vegetable dye.
15. An article according to claim 12, 13 or 14, wherein the design is a transfer adhered to the surface of the first sheet.
16. An article according to claim 15 in which the design of the transfer is coated with a layer of stoving enamel varnish.
17. An article according to any of claims 12 to 16, wherein the interlayer is substantially opaque to ultra-violet light.
18. An article according to any of claims 12 to 17, wherein the second sheet of glass is substantially opaque to ultra-violet light.
19. An article according to any of claims 12 to 18, wherein one of the sheets is marked so that the orientation of the laminate is readily identifiable.
20. A method substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
21. An article substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8627596A GB2198087B (en) | 1986-11-19 | 1986-11-19 | Designs on glass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8627596A GB2198087B (en) | 1986-11-19 | 1986-11-19 | Designs on glass |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8627596D0 GB8627596D0 (en) | 1986-12-17 |
| GB2198087A true GB2198087A (en) | 1988-06-08 |
| GB2198087B GB2198087B (en) | 1990-12-05 |
Family
ID=10607555
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8627596A Expired - Fee Related GB2198087B (en) | 1986-11-19 | 1986-11-19 | Designs on glass |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2198087B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0565494A1 (en) * | 1992-04-06 | 1993-10-13 | AXIVETRO S.r.l. | Method for the figurative and chromatic decoration of flat glass and articles of manufacture made thereby |
| GB2297525A (en) * | 1995-02-04 | 1996-08-07 | Linda Tocker | Decorative panels |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB447652A (en) * | 1935-09-20 | 1936-05-22 | Saechsische Glasfabrik August | Improvements in flashed illuminating elements and in processes for their manufacture |
| GB463586A (en) * | 1936-02-06 | 1937-04-02 | Oxford Varnish Corp | An improved decorative panel and method of producing the same |
| GB1101201A (en) * | 1963-07-22 | 1968-01-31 | Leavlite Ltd | Panels for glazing and other purposes |
| EP0014141A1 (en) * | 1979-01-23 | 1980-08-06 | BRINK'S FRANCE S.A. Société dite: | Laminated glass with a high impact resistance |
| GB2105652A (en) * | 1981-09-14 | 1983-03-30 | Lin Chii Hsiung | Laminated glass |
-
1986
- 1986-11-19 GB GB8627596A patent/GB2198087B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB447652A (en) * | 1935-09-20 | 1936-05-22 | Saechsische Glasfabrik August | Improvements in flashed illuminating elements and in processes for their manufacture |
| GB463586A (en) * | 1936-02-06 | 1937-04-02 | Oxford Varnish Corp | An improved decorative panel and method of producing the same |
| GB1101201A (en) * | 1963-07-22 | 1968-01-31 | Leavlite Ltd | Panels for glazing and other purposes |
| EP0014141A1 (en) * | 1979-01-23 | 1980-08-06 | BRINK'S FRANCE S.A. Société dite: | Laminated glass with a high impact resistance |
| GB2105652A (en) * | 1981-09-14 | 1983-03-30 | Lin Chii Hsiung | Laminated glass |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0565494A1 (en) * | 1992-04-06 | 1993-10-13 | AXIVETRO S.r.l. | Method for the figurative and chromatic decoration of flat glass and articles of manufacture made thereby |
| GB2297525A (en) * | 1995-02-04 | 1996-08-07 | Linda Tocker | Decorative panels |
| GB2297525B (en) * | 1995-02-04 | 1999-06-09 | Linda Tocker | Decorative panels |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8627596D0 (en) | 1986-12-17 |
| GB2198087B (en) | 1990-12-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19971119 |