HK1141944B - System for modulating plant growth or attributes - Google Patents

Abstract

A system for regulating and improving the growth and characteristics of at least one part of one or more chlorophyll containing plants, comprising at least one light emitting device for illuminating at least one part, such as a light emitting diode (LED), at least one light sensor for receiving light from the at least one part, an external processor, and a communication device for facilitating communication between the at least one light sensor, the at least one light emitting device, and the processors; The processor reads data from at least one light sensor through the communication device; Generate control signals based on these data and references; Then, based on the control signal, at least one light emitting device is controlled through a communication device to regulate and improve plant growth characteristics.

Description

System for regulating plant growth or characteristics

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a system for modulating the growth or character of at least one part of one or more plants comprising chlorophyll.

Background

Growing plants in controlled conditions, such as greenhouses, growth chambers or growth silos, typically involves monitoring the plant environment and controlling parameters, such as light, water vapor pressure, temperature, CO₂Partial pressure and air flow, and the microclimate of the environment is adjusted by empirical methods to optimize plant growth and photosynthesis. The plant characteristics can also be modulated, including quantitative morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of at least one part of the plant.

In many areas of the crop industry, the ability to determine the physiological condition of a plant or group of plants is of critical importance to the introduction of photosynthesis feedback into climate control algorithms or models. The photosynthesis of the crop or plant can be optimized by careful and planned clever manipulation of the growth conditions based on in situ monitoring (in situ monitoring) of the photosynthetic process. The relevant and short-term plant responses are related to the determination of growth requirements not only by climate control but also by production processes, fertilizers, quality and intensity of light, crop quality control. All these reactions will ultimately affect economic profitability. For example, forestry is replanted annually with millions of seedlings that initially grow in a controlled environment and are transplanted to the field at specific and critical stages of seedling development. However, in the case of evergreen conifers, it is difficult to determine whether a sapling has reached a physiological state that can be successfully transplanted into the field by merely appearance characteristics. In addition, it is also difficult to determine the quality and intensity of light from the appearance of plants in a controlled environment, which is not optimal for plant health and economic efficiency. Similarly, determining plant stress (plant stress) at an early stage based on plant appearance characteristics, the effects of fertilizer and water status, grazing and physical damage on plant vigor are quite difficult, if not impossible. At the time of visible stress, the crop may have missed the best period of recovery.

To effectively control the climate, irrigation, nutrition and illumination of greenhouse crops for the purpose of advantageously regulating and controlling the growth and characteristics of the crops, plant sensors and models must be integrated into the feed forward/feedback components of the system. Feed forward controllers such as light outputs provide the necessary inputs for plant growth, can anticipate its disturbances and effects on greenhouse climate and lighting environment, and can adjust within precisely set ranges. The specific crop model developed for an individual crop variety should be based on data from plant stress sensors and growth monitoring sensors (crop sensors) and should be able to estimate how changes in growth factors will affect or modulate the outcome (e.g. the spectral quality of the light source) and the benefits it brings. The data obtained by the crop sensors is combined with an algorithm (soft sensor) based model, which in turn directs the specific modification of the light intensity and/or quality to have a beneficial effect on the plant growth process or characteristics.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention generally relates to a system for regulating plant growth or characteristics thereof by: 1) measuring environmental parameters of plants such as temperature, air pressure, relative humidity, CO₂Light, and plant biochemical characteristics; 2) transmitting the analysis result; and 3) controlling the system using a feed forward/feedback loop. The present invention regulates the growth and/or the properties of at least one part of at least one chlorophyll-containing plant in a self-sustaining (self-sustaining) manner. The present invention accomplishes its function by altering morphological and/or biochemical characteristics, such as photosynthesis, hormonal regulation, secondary metabolites and secondary characteristics, of at least one part of at least one chlorophyll-containing plant, managing crop growth or its characteristics based on economic returns.

The present invention discloses a system for modulating the growth or characteristics of at least one part of one or more chlorophyll-containing plants, the system comprising:

at least one light emitting device, such as a Light Emitting Diode (LED), for illuminating said at least one location;

at least one light sensor for receiving light around said at least one location;

a processor;

and a communication device facilitating communication between the at least one light sensor, the at least one light emitting device, and the processor.

The term "receiving light" encompasses receiving direct light (irradiance), reflected light, and re-emitted light from at least one part of the plant. In one embodiment, the at least one light emitting device is located at a minimum distance "d" from the light emitting device. In embodiments, "d" is one of 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150 cm. In one embodiment, the at least one light sensor (4) is located at a distance "D" from the luminescence sensor. In embodiments, "D" is one of 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150 cm.

The processor reads data from the at least one light sensor via the communication device. The processor generates a control signal based on the data and the reference, and controls the at least one light emitting device, such as a Light Emitting Diode (LED), via the communication device to illuminate at least a portion of the plant to adjust or improve growth and/or characteristics based on the control signal.

In one embodiment, the timing of the control signal provision becomes part of the greenhouse climate control, such as for the inclusion of CO₂Systems for controlling the plant in partial pressure, providing for varying CO₂The timing of the partial pressure. The control signal controls the climate, resulting in a modification of the growth of the plant and its properties. Objects of the present invention include, but are not limited to, improving the quality, growth and growth rate of plants.

In one embodiment, the system further comprises an external light sensor for receiving the proximity light.

In one embodiment, the reference may be a static "refractory reference". "should be referred to" includes optical frequency settings, describing a particular frequency/order at a particular time. The data may be considered as an input that can potentially change the light output of the at least one light emitting device. When the plurality of light emitting devices emit light of different frequency characteristics, the control signal includes controlling which light emitting device emits light, as well as the light intensity, duration, and what frequency of light should be emitted.

In an embodiment, the reference may also be dynamic, that is, the reference may be altered during plant growth and development. The purpose of the reference is to promote growth and property changes by adjusting the control signal as a way of control. In one embodiment, the basis of the reference algorithm is a combination of empirical data and theoretical data.

In one embodiment, the reference benchmark is at least one of chlorophyll fluorescence and/or leaf reflectance. Thus, chlorophyll fluorescence and/or leaf reflectance can be used as input parameters for reference. The control signal is thus influenced by at least one parameter of chlorophyll fluorescence and/or leaf reflectance, thereby modulating plant growth and characteristics.

According to the invention, only a part of the plant, or the crown of the plant, or the whole plant, or several plants, is monitored by the system, is part of the system. However, the control signals generated by the processor may be used to control other plants or other parts.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the efficiency of converting electric energy into light energy with ideal spectral characteristics is higher;

the reduction of CO in the greenhouse industry is facilitated by the more efficient use of light when planting crops₂Gas is discharged;

because most of the used light waves can be absorbed and utilized by plants, the pollution of greenhouse industry to atmospheric light is reduced;

a method is provided for examining or assessing the plant's ability to respond to growth conditions or changes in growth conditions (e.g., more or less light or even changing spectral qualities);

continuous remote monitoring can be obtained by monitoring photophysical, photochemical and photosynthetic parameters, since the problem of changing the ambient conditions is avoided by using a probe to detect a defined sampling area of the leaves;

it determines the growth condition to make the plant reach the best performance by means of the demand of artificial neural network system to 'learn' the plant itself;

based on the location of the sensor, the location of stress caused by water deficit, nutrient deficit or excess, viruses, fungi or bacteria, insects, and arachnids can be accurately determined;

the degree of water stress can be displayed;

can show the effects of toxic compounds as well as herbicides;

photosynthetic mutants in plant populations of unknown composition can be screened out;

the invention can improve the taste and flavor of the crops planted in the greenhouse (or indoors);

meanwhile, the invention can save the electric energy input by optimizing/reducing the light reflectivity of crops. This is achieved by the photosensor measurement while maintaining photochemistry between optimal and maximum photosynthetic capacity. The best capacity is defined as the best state of photosynthesis and growth, the state of maximum capacity is the state where energy is also used for the synthesis of aromatic compounds and compounds acting as protection.

In an embodiment, the system further comprises a plurality of light emitting devices. This gives the advantage of a more complex reference. In one embodiment, the light emitting devices emit light with different frequency characteristics. In an embodiment, the emitted and/or reflected light is related to at least one characteristic parameter of the photosynthesis process.

In one embodiment, the light sensor measures at least one light intensity having at least one of a wavelength of R (red light, 630 to 700nm), FR (deep red, 700 to 740nm), NIR (near infrared, 750 to 850nm), IR (infrared, 850 to 1400nm), or PAR (Photosynthetically Active Radiation), 400 to 700 nm. In this range, the light treated is fluorescence generated from a part of the chlorophyll-containing plant.

In one embodiment, the light sensor measures at least one light intensity at a wavelength BG (blue-green, 400 to 630 nm). In this range, the light treated is fluorescent light having UV-screening components and/or being capable of synthesizing NADPH or being produced by a part of a plant containing a certain amount of NADPH.

In an embodiment, the light sensor measures at least one light intensity at a wavelength of NIR (near infrared, 750 to 850nm), IR (infrared, 850 to 1400 nm). In this context, the treated light is reflected light, which includes light from a part of the plant that is not absorbed by chlorophyll.

In an embodiment, the light sensor measures at least one light intensity with a wavelength of IR (infrared light, 850 to 1400 nm). In this context, the light treated is reflected light which characterizes the cellular and structural composition of the plant leaf and the water content.

In an embodiment, the light sensor may measure at least one light intensity in a wavelength range between 400 and 700 nm. In this range, the light treated is PAR or photosynthetically active radiation defined light.

In one embodiment, the monitored light is correlated to a measurement of at least one biochemical process of at least one biochemical substance.

In one embodiment, the system further comprises at least one fan for controlling air flow associated with at least one part of the plant, the control signals further comprising fan control signals. The aim is to introduce air flow induced contact morphology (thixomorphology) and to break up the blade boundary layer (leaf boundary layer) (leading the blade to a more uniform shapeMixing gas around the sheet, promoting transpiration, increasing water content and CO₂Promoting photosynthesis).

In one embodiment, the at least one fan is positioned proximate to the at least one light emitting device to cool the at least one light emitting device.

In one embodiment, the at least one light sensor may measure the separation of fluorescence, incident or reflected light of the same wavelength.

In one embodiment, the system may further comprise one or more gas detectors for measuring the gas content (e.g., CO) in the air surrounding at least one part of the plant₂And relative humidity). The monitor is located within a measurement range associated with the at least one plant and is connected to the processor.

In one embodiment, the system further comprises an air flow meter for measuring the velocity of air proximate to at least one part of the plant, the air flow meter being electrically connected to the processor, and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of air surrounding the at least one part of the plant. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the processor.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present system.

Detailed Description

In fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a system 1 is shown. The system 1 measures and/or regulates the growth and characteristics of at least one part 2 of one or more plants containing chlorophyll. In one embodiment, the system 1 measures biochemical and photochemical properties. The system 1 comprises at least one light emitting device 3, in an embodiment a Light Emitting Diode (LED), for illuminating said at least one region 2, at least one light sensor 4 for receiving light from said at least one region 2. The system 1 further comprises a processor 6, and a communication device 5 facilitating communication between said at least one light sensor 4, said at least one light emitting device 3 for illuminating said at least one region 2, and the processor 6. The processor 6 comprises a control unit for reading data from the at least one light sensor 4 via the communication device 5, generating a control signal based on the data and the reference, and controlling the at least one light emitting device 3 via the communication device 5 to promote growth and characteristics of the plant based on the control signal.

In an embodiment, the system 1 comprises a plurality of light emitting devices 3, the light emitting devices 3 emitting light of different frequency characteristics. The plurality of light emitting devices 3 may be disposed separately or collectively on the same support structure.

In an embodiment, the light is related to at least one characteristic parameter of the photosynthetic process or of the at least one biochemical constituent.

In an embodiment, the light sensor measures at least one light intensity in at least one of the following wavelength ranges:

BG (blue-green, 400 to 630nm)

R (Red, 630 to 700nm)

FR (deep red, 700 to 740nm)

NIR (near infrared, 750 to 850nm)

IR (Infrared, 850 to 1400nm)

PAR (photosynthetic active radiation, 400 to 700 nm).

In one embodiment, the system 1 further comprises at least one fan 7 for regulating the air flow in said at least one part of the plant, the control signals further comprising fan control signals. The at least one fan is connected to the communication device 5 for receiving the fan control signal, and the communication method of the communication device 5 may be a LAN, a WLAN, or a communication cable as will occur to those skilled in the art. In one embodiment, the fan is located within the lamp housing and is activated by a dedicated fan controller 11.

In one embodiment, the at least one fan is located proximate to the at least one light emitting device for actively or forcibly cooling the at least one light emitting device.

In one embodiment, the at least one fan is located remotely from the at least one light emitting device for cooling the at least one light emitting device.

In one embodiment, the system includes multiple sets of high power, high efficiency, 9 ranges (or subsets or clusters) of wavelengths from UV-B to IR. There are also 9 independent drivers that individually power and control the LEDs in each range. In a direct current or Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) current controlled circuit, each group of LEDs has a control microprocessor. The driver user for each range is programmable to vary the frequency and duty cycle of the adjustments.

In one embodiment, a temperature sensor is located at a relative position to monitor the temperature (T) near the LED chip connection_J). In one embodiment, the ranges of LEDs are placed on the circuit/substrate in such a way as to spread the thermal load. The programmed microprocessor may shut off the drive if the temperature of the estimated junction is above the maximum operating temperature. In one embodiment, an environmental monitoring system is coupled to the system. The environment monitoring system comprises an ambient air thermometer, an ambient light sensor, and a gas detector (CO)₂Relative humidity, and others).

In one embodiment, the system includes a photodiode having a color-specific filter.

In one embodiment, a CCD camera (charge coupled device camera) or other imaging device is provided with a stepper motor controlled filter wheel.

In one embodiment, the at least one light emitting device is provided with a lamp cover provided with a reflector for illuminating a predetermined area by reflecting light of a predetermined pattern. The lamp shade is also provided with a baffle plate to facilitate the air around the blades to generate turbulence. In one embodiment, one or more fans are used to generate an airflow to cool the lamp. The lamp housing also allows the light emitting device to conduct heat efficiently. In one embodiment, the lamp housing has an opening at the end opposite the direction of light emitted by the lamp. The opening can allow air to flow through, so as to achieve the effect of cooling the light-emitting device.

In one embodiment, the sensor is located within the lamp housing or near the light emitting device.

The processor controlled lamp is intended to provide the following embodiments.

The LED emits light in pulses of maximum current to obtain the maximum amount of light over a time interval. Examples of time intervals include, but are not limited to: 1 to 3s, 0.5 to 5 s.

The LEDs may be driven by a modulation mode, so-called "pulse-width modulated power waveform". When the current is kept constant, the working cycle is used as a variable, and the output power of the LED is changed through sudden change of the time length. The on-state time is between 20 mus and 2.5 ms. In one embodiment, the off state time does not exceed 500 μ s.

The LEDs may be driven in a direct current mode (DC) according to their inherent electrical characteristics.

In the pulsed mode, the LED can be driven at 4-5 times the typical rated current value and remain actively cooled.

In one embodiment, the system further comprises at least one communication means for communicating the output of the sensor and the control signal to at least one LED connected to the communication device, which may be a LAN, a WLAN or a communication cable as will occur to those skilled in the art.

In one embodiment, plant physiology and morphology is altered to favor height, branching, specific leaf area, phenology and plant biomass.

In one embodiment, the plant biochemical characteristic is adjusted to alter the aromatic content of the aromatic crop.

In one embodiment, crop yield is continuously monitored and propagated in time.

In one embodiment, crop yield (growth) is regulated in accordance with system knowledge and power input to the control system.

In one embodiment, any change in conditions may be specific to the individual needs of the grower, and based on the needs of a particular crop.

In one embodiment, chlorophyll and/or co-pigment synthesis is regulated upstream or downstream to alter biochemical properties, resulting in a change in the color of the crop leaf.

In one embodiment, the raw fluorescence parameters Fo are determined by a light sensor. This is achieved by controlling a light emitting device in the absence of (other) ambient light. In the presence of ambient light, Fo is estimated from the chlorophyll index and is expressed as the log of R800/R550, where R is the reflectance and 800 and 550 are the wavelengths in nanometers. The light reflection coefficient R is measured by the light sensor 4.

In one embodiment, the system uses computer vision and multi-spectral reflectance image processing to determine: the area of the Canopy orthographic projection of several plants TPCA (Top Projected Canopy area) and the area of the leaf orthographic projection of a single plant TPLA (Top Projected leaf area).

In one embodiment, the system can provide a method for identifying photosynthetic mutants by analyzing their susceptibility to photoinhibition by measuring Φ before and after prolonged exposure to radiation stress produced by exposure to intense light_PSIIAnd (5) realizing. It also provides the benefits of environmental specific requirements (high PAR, low PAR, blue, red, ultraviolet, high CO)₂) A method of developing the mutant of (1).

In one embodiment, the system may be used to provide a method of increasing leaf thickness, creating cuticle wax, and stomatal modulation.

In an embodiment, there are several algorithms.

A first embodiment of the control algorithm is based on chlorophyll fluorescence, allowing a non-invasive, non-destructive and reproducible assessment of in vivo photosynthesis by quantifying Fv/Fm, the photochemical efficiency Φ of photosystem II_PSIIAnd fluorescence quenching coefficients, providing total photosynthetic production data. The variable fluorescence is used for determining the range of the plant physiological stress during the growth period, and the capability of representing the plant by utilizing the input photons has the advantages of sensitivity, reliability and universality.

The input parameters of the control algorithm include Fo, Fm, Fp, Ft (Fs), F'm and F' o of plants, and the comfort values are provided for calculating index values such as Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo and phi_PSIIFs/Fo, F 'v/F'm and quenching coefficients such as NPQ, q_N、q_L. The system provides a method for initiating and measuring the chlorophyll fluorescence variation of plants under the light (possibly a defined area) at 440, 690 and/or 735nm wavelengths. The system continuously optimizes the growth conditions and maintains the chlorophyll fluorescence non-photochemical quenching NPQ, q_NAnd photochemical quenching q_LWith appropriate and constant difference therebetween to achieve rapid growth rate and high cumulative index.

Input parameters to the control algorithm include, for example, changes in the conductance of the gas holes. Fs is related to pore conductance. With this correlation, proper monitoring of Fs would be a useful tool in deciding whether irrigation is needed to bring the plant between water stress and excess. Meanwhile, the method provides a method for estimating the closing capacity of the air holes by monitoring the transpiration in the dark and/or the change reaction of the transpiration rate after the specific light treatment of different spectral bands. The system also provides a signal to increase CO in the growing environment₂Partial pressure, lowering g_s(pore conductivity) to improve moisture conditions for subsequent transplantation. The variables used to estimate the pore conductance are:

1. fo (initial or fast chlorophyll fluorescence measured in dark fit),

2. ft and/or Fs (slowly-varying or steady-state chlorophyll fluorescence variable (seconds to hours)).

In one embodiment, a basis for a control algorithm applied in the system is a Neural Network (NN). The model obtained by NN provides an identification and control system unique to plant species, growth period, growth ability under specifically established growth conditions. The model obtained by NN will be used to predict short-term and long-term responses and performance of a variety of plants. Such algorithms provide a means to obtain the best performance of the plant over a defined period of time. It also provides a method for rapidly detecting and identifying plants that do not achieve the predicted (expected) optimal performance. It also provides a method for predicting the time and cost of growth and "harvest time" or "minimum quality standard" using parameters obtained from adjusted NN data. Through experimental crop data and monitoring:

1. temperature of blade

2、CO₂Yield of assimilation

3. Irradiance of

4. Variable fluorescence

5. Growth stage of the plants

6. Alteration of plant growth rate

7. Estimated chlorophyll content

8. Estimated ultraviolet screening compounds

9. Estimated leaf Area index LAI (leaf Area index)

10. Area of orthographic projection of crown TPCA

11. Photochemical reflection index PRI (Photochemical reflection index)

PRI＝(R531-R570)/(R531+R570)

12. Chlorophyll index, in log of R800/R500

13. "green" normalized Difference vegetation index ndvi (normalized Difference vegetation index) is (nir-g)/(nir + g), where "nir" is the light reflection coefficient at 800nm and "g" is the light reflection coefficient at 550 nm.

14. Plant varieties and/or cultivars.

To adjust the data.

In one embodiment of the system, the control algorithm is based on a process that induces stomatal opening. The system controls the induced air holes by applying the light radiation with the wavelength in the UV A or blue light region (the peak value is 450nm), does not need to use broadband (multicolor) light to induce photosynthesis, and avoids the reduction of the use efficiency of the water in the leaves without the photosynthetic capacity. Several plants were stimulated to open stomata with blue light alone or in combination with red light, and green light reversed the process and closed stomata. The inputs in this embodiment are:

1. wind speed, or air speed, or amount of air flow around the blade

2. Estimated blade temperature

3. Ambient lighting

4. Initial or total broadband light radiation without leaves (from UV to IR) or broadband light residues in the presence of plants

5. Radiation or photosynthesis effective radiation PAR (400-700nm)

6. Chlorophyll fluorescence variation (3 different time ranges)

7. Multispectral reflectance of crop/leaf under light

8. Other gas sensors (presence or absence, concentration, rate of increase)

9. Temperature of growth region

In an embodiment of the system, the control algorithm is based on a process of inducing stomatal opening and a measure of photosynthesis. The inputs in this embodiment are as follows:

1. wind speed, or air speed, or amount of air flow around the blade

2. Estimated blade temperature

3. Ambient lighting

4. Initial or total broad band light radiation (from UV to IR) in the absence of leaves or broad band in the presence of plants

Optical residue

5. Radiation or photosynthesis effective radiation PAR (400-700nm)

6. Chlorophyll fluorescence variation (3 different time ranges)

7. Multispectral reflectance of crop/leaf under light

8. Other gas sensors (presence or absence, concentration, rate of increase)

9. Temperature of growth region

In one embodiment, the control algorithm is based on determining the photochemical efficiency Φ of the plant's under-lamp photosynthetic system II fluorescence_PSIIAnd further determining the cumulative index:

Φ_PSII＝[Fm-F’m]/F’m

1. firstly, turning on a part of light sources emitting IR for several seconds, exposing the plant to light for activation, and completing oxidation of an electron transfer chain;

2. to obtain Fm, the controlled DC-4 is driven with maximum or sufficient power and all color fields (CR1 to CR8) are turned on to produce an active intense light beam having a light duration of 0.5 to 1.5s (typically < 1 s). This known intensity I_{General assembly}Is used to obtain the maximum peak value of the induced chlorophyll fluorescence variable Fm from the under-light plant;

3. during growth, the light is set to be in an on state, the plants are allowed to achieve stable photosynthesis, and the fluorescence kinetic parameter variable reaches Fs;

4. driving the controlled DC-4 with maximum or sufficient power and turning on all color fields (CR1 to CR8) produces another active intense light of 0.5 to 1.5s duration (typically < 1s). This known intensity I_{General assembly}Is used to obtain the maximum peak value of the induced chlorophyll fluorescence variable fm from the under-light plants;

use of the values of Fm and Fm for calculating phi_PSII；

6. The steps from 1 to 7 are repeated several times per day, or at other desired time intervals, each value being labeled with a time value;

7. fluorescence accumulation index AI through phi_PSIIEvolved to obtain phi_PSIIThe evolution method of (3) is as follows:

AI_PSII＝(Φ_PSIIt2-Φ_PSIIt1)/(t₂-t₁)

8. based on the obtained values, a decision is made to continue or to alleviate or abort the cumulative induced stress. The change in relative velocity tends to be negative or a negative value, which may mean that the delivered pressure is not successfully adapted, while a positive value indicates an improvement in the cumulative planning procedure;

any or all of the control algorithms include inputs for the following variables:

1.[I_{general assembly}-I_{Residue is remained}]Net uptake of ═ plant material I_ABS

Fo (initial or fast chlorophyll fluorescence measured in dark adaptation state)

3.F_max(chlorophyll fluorescence variation at maximum (0.5-1.5s, usually < 1s) in dark adaptation state)

F' o (fast chlorophyll fluorescence measured in light adapted state)

5.F’_max(chlorophyll fluorescence variation at maximum (0.5-1.5s, usually < 1s) in dark adaptation state)

6.F_tAnd/or F_s(chlorophyll fluorescence variable (seconds to hours) at slow or steady state).

The parameters are calculated conventionally, or several times per day, the input variables:

1.[I_{general assembly}-I_{Residue is remained}]Net uptake of ═ plant material I_ABS

Fo (initial or fast chlorophyll fluorescence measured in dark adaptation state)

3.F_max(maximum value of chlorophyll fluorescence variable in the dark adapted state (0.5-1.5s, usually < 1s))

F' o (fast chlorophyll fluorescence measured in light adapted state)

5.F’_max(maximum value of chlorophyll fluorescence variable in the dark adapted state (0.5-1.5s, usually < 1s))

6.F_tAnd/or F_s(chlorophyll fluorescence variable (seconds to hours) at slow or steady state). The parameters are calculated conventionally, or several times per day, the input variables:

1.F_V/F_M＝[F_max-Fo]/F_max

2. photochemical efficiency phi_PSII＝[F_max-F’_max]/F’_max

3. Non-photochemical quenching coefficient NPQ or q of chlorophyll fluorescence variable_N

4. Photochemical quenching coefficient q of chlorophyll fluorescence variable_LOr q_P

5.Fs/Fo

6.∑I_{General assembly}

7.∑I_ABS

8.TPCA

9.LAI

10. Relative growth rate RGR of crops and/or individual plants

After a period of time, the parameters obtained from the input variables are:

1.I_ABSbiomass and increments thereof

2.instΦ_CO2＝CO₂Assimilation yield ═ P_n/I_ABS

3. Dark respiratory volume R_D＝[CO₂Discharging amount_D]-[CO₂Amount of inhalation_D]

4.MΦ_CO2＝CO₂Assimilation yield ═ P_n2-P_n1]/[I_o2-I_o1]

5.g_sConductivity of air hole

6.F_V/F_M＝[F_max-Fo]/F_max

7. Photochemical efficiency phi_PS2＝[F_max-F’_max]/F’_max＝1-[Fs/F’_max]

8. Nonphotochemical quenching coefficient q of chlorophyll fluorescence variable_N

q_N＝1-F’m-F’o/Fm-Fo

9. Non-photochemical quenching coefficient NPQ of chlorophyll fluorescence variable

NPQ＝Fm/F’m-1

10. Quenching coefficient q of photochemical fluorescence_L

q_L＝q_P×F’o/F’

11. Water use efficiency WUE

12. Relative growth and growth rate RGR rate, control device DC of the system of variation of the growth of the leaves during the day:

1. cooling fan

2. Turning on/off the lamp

3. Spectral region of the lamp (on/off and variable)

CR1＝UV B

CR2＝UV A

CR3 blue

CR4 blue-green

CR5 green

CR6 ═ orange

CR7 ═ red

CR 8-crimson red

CR9 near infrared

4. Multi-color flash radiation (frequency and duration)

5. Airflow (fan) for destroying interlobe (air)

6. Wind speed, or air flow around the blades

Claims (12)

1. System for improving the growth of at least one part (2) of one or more chlorophyll-containing plants, which system (1) comprises:

-at least one lighting device (3) for illuminating at least one part (2) of said plant;

-at least one light sensor (4) for receiving light from said at least one region (2);

-a communication device (5) for communication between said at least one light sensor (4), said at least one light emitting device (3) and a processor (6), said processor (6) reading data from said at least one light sensor (4) via the communication device (5);

-generating a control signal based on said data and a reference;

-controlling said at least one light emitting device (3) by said communication device (5) based on said control signal for improving plant growth and characteristics, characterized in that said light sensor monitors plant biochemical characteristics by receiving incident light in combination with reflected light and/or fluorescence light, and a processor adjusts and improves plant biochemical characteristics based on said data.

2. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of light emitting devices (3).

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of light emitting devices (3) emit light of different frequency characteristics.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the light emitting device (3) is a light emitting diode.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the light is associated with at least one characteristic parameter of a photosynthetic process.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the light sensor is configured to measure at least one light intensity of at least one of red light having a wavelength of 630 to 700nm, deep red light having a wavelength of 700 to 740nm, near infrared light having a wavelength of 750 to 850nm, infrared light having a wavelength of 850 to 1400nm, photosynthesized effective radiation having a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the incident light is combined with reflected light and/or fluorescence, i.e., monitored light is associated with measuring at least one biochemical process from at least one biochemical substance.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the light sensor (4) is for measuring at least one light intensity corresponding to a wavelength of blue-green light having a wavelength of 400 to 630 nm.

9. The system according to claim 1, further comprising at least one fan (7) for generating an air flow associated with at least a portion of said plant, said control signal comprising a fan control signal (11).

10. The system according to claim 9, wherein said at least one fan (7) is located in the vicinity of said at least one light emitting device (3) for cooling said at least one light emitting device (3).

11. The system of claim 1, further comprising at least one of:

-one or more gas detectors for measuring CO in the air surrounding at least a part of said plant₂(8) And a relative humidity (9) level, said detector being located within a measuring distance associated with at least one part of said plant and being connected to said processor (6), an

-an air flow meter (10) for measuring the air flow adjacent to at least a part of said plant, said air flow meter being connected to said processor (6), and

-a temperature sensor (12) for measuring the temperature of the air surrounding at least a part of said plant.

12. The system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plants of said at least one portion (2) are grown in a greenhouse, growth chamber or growth chamber.