JP2002138160A - Rubber and plastic waste decomposition equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To increase the yield of a wax-like substance and to improve the processing efficiency and work efficiency. A raw material container having a large number of through holes at the bottom.
A part of the rubber / plastic waste 20 stored in the combustion chamber is burned to thermally decompose the remaining part to generate a melt 30 of a wax-like substance, and the combustion chamber 10 is attached to a bottom opening 10a of the combustion chamber 10, A storage tank 12 for receiving a melt 30 of the wax-like substance falling through the through-hole of the raw material container 14, a loading port 10 c for loading the raw material container 14 on the side wall of the combustion chamber 10, and a raw material An outlet 10d for unloading the container 14 is provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an apparatus for decomposing rubber and plastic waste, and more particularly to an apparatus for thermally decomposing rubber and plastic waste to produce a waxy substance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As measures for treating industrial wastes which are increasing year by year, methods for recovering rubber and plastics contained in these wastes and reusing them as resources have been actively studied. One of them is a method of self-burning rubber and plastic waste, decomposing rubber and plastic with the heat of combustion to reduce the molecular weight, and producing waxy substances useful for fuels, pigments, castings, etc. is there.

[0003] As an apparatus for producing a wax-like substance from such rubber / plastic waste, for example, an apparatus as shown in FIG. 5 is known. That is, this apparatus has a structure in which a storage tank 4 for receiving a melt 3 of a wax-like substance is integrally provided at an opening at a lower end of a combustion chamber 2 for burning rubber and plastic waste 1. Has become. At the lower part of the combustion chamber 2, a net-shaped raw material receiver 5 for receiving the raw rubber / plastic waste 1 is provided so as to close the lower end opening of the combustion chamber 1. A discharge port 4a for discharging the wax-like substance melt 2 is provided at a lower portion.

In such an apparatus, when the rubber / plastic waste 4 put into the combustion chamber 1 is ignited and self-combusted, the rubber / plastic waste 4 which has not yet been burned is heated by the heat of combustion. It decomposes, becomes a melt 3 of the wax-like substance, falls from the mesh of the raw material receiver 5,
It collects in the receiving tank 4.

[0005]

However, in such a conventional apparatus for producing and recovering a waxy substance from rubber / plastic waste, additives such as carbon black contained in rubber / plastic waste cannot be burned. As a result, it remains in the raw material receiver as a residue, and as a result, the mesh is closed.As a result, the fall of the generated wax-like substance melt into the receiving tank is prevented, and the yield is reduced. It is necessary to frequently repeat the operation of removing the residue, and there has been a problem that efficient processing cannot be performed.

In order to finally obtain a reusable wax-like substance, the wax-like substance accumulated in the receiving tank is discharged from the receiving tank in a molten state, cooled, solidified, and then pulverized. And it was not always satisfactory.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and it is possible to increase the yield of a wax-like substance, and at the same time, to improve the processing efficiency and the working efficiency. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for decomposing a material.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, a rubber / plastic waste decomposition apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises a rubber container accommodated in a raw material container having a large number of through holes at the bottom. A combustion chamber in which a part of the plastic waste is burned to thermally decompose the remainder to produce a waxy substance melt, and attached to the bottom opening of the combustion chamber and dropped through the through hole of the raw material container; A receiving tank for receiving the melt of the wax-like substance that comes in, for carrying out the raw material container to the side wall of the combustion chamber, and for carrying out the raw material container. Is provided.

In the apparatus having the above-mentioned structure, when the combustion residue adheres to the through-hole provided at the bottom of the raw material container and causes clogging, the raw material container is taken out of the combustion chamber and a new raw material container is removed. Into the combustion chamber, or
Except for the residue attached to the unloaded raw material container, the raw material can be re-loaded into the combustion chamber to continue the treatment. Since the raw material container can be replaced before the inconvenience due to clogging occurs, a decrease in the yield of the waxy substance can be prevented. Further, even when a large amount of rubber / plastic waste is to be treated, it is not necessary to clean the raw material receiver in the combustion chamber as in the related art, so that the waste can be efficiently treated.

The apparatus for decomposing rubber and plastic waste according to the present invention is connected to a carry-in port for carrying the raw material container and a carry-in port of the combustion chamber. A preheating chamber having an opening for carrying out the raw material container is provided, and a high-temperature gas generated by the combustion of the rubber / plastic waste is introduced from the combustion chamber into the preheating chamber. Features.

With this configuration, the rubber / plastic waste can be preheated in advance, so that the rubber / plastic waste quickly reaches the combustion temperature or the thermal decomposition temperature in the combustion chamber. Therefore, the processing time is shortened, and the processing efficiency can be further improved.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for decomposing rubber or plastic waste, the apparatus comprising a cooling chamber provided with cooling means for cooling the raw material container carried out of the combustion chamber. It is characterized by:

[0013] With this configuration, since the raw material container carried out of the combustion chamber is quickly cooled, it is possible to remove the residue attached to the raw material container in a short time and use the raw material container again. In addition, efficient processing can be performed even when a new raw material container is not used.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for decomposing rubber and plastic waste, the rubber and plastic waste placed on a raw material receiver having a large number of through holes. A combustion chamber for thermally decomposing the remainder to produce a waxy substance melt, and the wax attached to the bottom opening of the combustion chamber and falling through the through hole of the raw material receiver. And a receiving tank for receiving a melt of the state substance,
In the receiving tank, a water inlet and a water outlet are provided, and the melt of the wax-like substance falls into the water introduced from the water inlet, and is discharged together with the water from the water outlet. It is characterized by:

In the apparatus having the above-described structure, the melt of the wax-like substance falls into the water introduced into the receiving tank, is cooled, becomes wax-like substance particles, and is discharged together with the water. Therefore, a step of pulverizing the wax-like substance after discharging it from the receiving tank in a molten state after cooling and solidifying the wax-like substance becomes unnecessary, and the wax-like substance can be efficiently recovered. Further, since the generated melt of the wax-like substance is cooled, it does not burn in the receiving tank.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rubber / plastic waste decomposition apparatus for separating and recovering a wax-like substance from a mixed fluid of water and a wax-like substance discharged from the water discharge port. It is characterized by having separation and collection means.

With this configuration, the work of recovering the wax-like substance can be made more efficient.

Furthermore, in order to achieve the above object, a rubber / plastic waste decomposition apparatus according to the invention of claim 6 of the present application provides a rubber / plastic waste mounted on a raw material receiver having a large number of through holes. A combustion chamber for thermally decomposing the remainder to produce a waxy substance melt, and the wax attached to the bottom opening of the combustion chamber and falling through the through hole of the raw material receiver. And a receiving tank for receiving the melt of the wax-like substance, comprising: an extruder for extruding the melt of the wax-like substance received in the reservoir into a pellet. Features.

In the above-described apparatus, the melt of the wax-like substance is extruded into pellets while being cooled in the extruder. Therefore, the efficiency of the recovery operation of the wax-like substance can be further greatly improved.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of an apparatus for decomposing rubber and plastic waste according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a combustion chamber for self-burning the rubber / plastic waste 20;
It is supported and fixed by the support legs 11 of the book. The bottom of the combustion chamber 10 is open, and the bottom opening 10a is integrally provided with a storage tank 12 for receiving a melt 30 of a wax-like substance. Receiving tank 12
An outlet 12a provided with an opening / closing valve 13 for discharging the collected wax-like substance 30 is provided at the bottom of the container.

On the other hand, inside the combustion chamber 10, a raw material container receiving base 15 for holding a raw material container 14 made of metal mesh or the like in the combustion chamber 10 is provided. It has a large opening corresponding to 10a. The raw material container 14 is placed on the raw material container receiving base 15 so as to close the center opening 15a. The raw material container receiving table 15 is provided with a raw material container 14 on which the melt 3 of the wax-like substance 3 can pass through a mesh (through hole) at the bottom.
The shape is not particularly limited as long as 0 can be dropped into the receiving tank 12. Therefore, the taper side wall 10b following the bottom opening 10a of the combustion chamber 10 as shown in FIG.

In the present invention, a loading port 10c for loading the raw material container 14 is provided on the side wall of the combustion chamber 10.
And a carry-out port 10d for carrying out the raw material container 14 is opened. The carry-in port 10c can be opened and closed by an opening / closing door 16a, and the carrying-out port 10d can be opened / closed by an open / close door 16b. The rubber / plastic waste 20 is housed in the raw material container 14 and carried into the combustion chamber 10 through the carry-in port 10c. In FIG. 1, reference numerals 17a and 17b denote raw material container mounting tables which are temporarily mounted before the raw material container 14 is carried into the combustion chamber 10 and after the raw material container 14 is carried out of the combustion chamber 10. The combustion chamber 10 has a carry-in port 10c and a carry-out port 10c.
An opening for introducing the raw material may be provided separately from d.

Next, a method for producing a wax-like substance from rubber and plastic waste using the above-described apparatus will be described.

First, rubber and plastic waste such as crosslinked polyethylene recovered from wire and cable waste 2
0 into the raw material container 14, and the opening / closing door 16a of the entrance 10c.
Is opened and placed on the raw material container receiving base 15 of the combustion chamber 10. Next, the rubber / plastic waste 20 is ignited. After the ignition, self-combustion proceeds with the passage of time, and the heat of combustion causes the rubber / plastic waste 20 that has not yet been burned to be thermally decomposed to have a low molecular weight, thereby producing a melt 30 of a wax-like substance. Air required for combustion is appropriately introduced into the combustion chamber 10 by opening and closing the doors 16a and 16b. However, an air inlet is separately provided, and air for combustion is introduced from the air inlet. You may make it. The molten material 30 of the wax-like substance is supplied from the mesh (through hole) at the bottom of the raw material container
Drop through the center opening 15a of the container, and accumulate in the receiving tank 12.

When the combustion is completed, the raw material container 14 is unloaded from the outlet 10d, the rubber / plastic waste 20 is placed in a new raw material container 14, and the same processing as described above is repeated. In addition, the combustion residue 22 is adhered to the raw material container 14 carried out of the combustion chamber 10, and can be reused as the raw material container 14 by removing this.

In this way, the rubber / plastic waste 20 is put into the raw material container 14, and the same processing as described above is repeated, whereby the rubber / plastic waste 20 is semi-continuously processed.

In such a method, since the raw material container can be replaced, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the yield due to the clogging of the raw material receiver as in the prior art, and to remove the combustion residue in order to remove the combustion residue. Since there is no need to interrupt indoor treatment, a large amount of rubber and plastic waste can be efficiently treated.

When the amount of combustion residues generated is small, it is not always necessary to replace the raw material containers for each combustion treatment. When clogging has started to occur, the material container may be carried out, and a new material container may be carried in.

As described above, according to the above-mentioned apparatus, the recovery rate of the wax-like substance can be increased as compared with the conventional apparatus, and a large amount of rubber and plastic waste can be efficiently treated.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the rubber / plastic waste 20 to be processed next is utilized by utilizing the hot gas generated by the combustion of the rubber / plastic waste 20 in the combustion chamber 10. A preheating chamber 40 for preheating may be provided adjacent to the combustion chamber 10.

That is, the preheating chamber 40 is connected to a carry-in port 40a for carrying in the raw material container 14 and a carry-in port 10c of the combustion chamber 10, and a carry-out port for carrying out the raw material container 14 to the combustion chamber 10. 40b is opened, and the entrance 40
a is the door 41, and the exit 40b is the door 1.
The opening 6a can be opened and closed together with the carry-in port 10c of the combustion chamber 10 by 6a. Further, a communication pipe 42 for communicating the preheating chamber 40 with the combustion chamber 10 is provided, and the high-heat gas generated in the combustion chamber 10 is introduced into the preheating chamber 40.

In such an apparatus, after the rubber / plastic waste 20 is preheated and heated, it can be carried into the combustion chamber 10 for treatment. It becomes possible to start combustion and thermal decomposition of the swiftly, thereby improving the processing efficiency. In addition, since the hot gas generated in the combustion chamber 10 is used, the processing cost does not increase.

Although not shown, in the present invention, a cooling chamber provided with cooling means for cooling the raw material container 14 carried out of the combustion chamber 10 is provided on the side of the discharge port 10d of the combustion chamber 10. You may do so.

By providing such a cooling chamber, the raw material container carried out of the combustion chamber and in a high temperature state can be quickly cooled, and the combustion residue attached to the raw material container can be removed in a short time. It can be used again as a raw material container. In addition, efficient processing can be performed even when a new raw material container is not used.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. That is, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a rubber / plastic waste decomposition apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 10 denotes a combustion chamber for self-burning the rubber / plastic waste 20, and the combustion chamber 10 is supported and fixed by four support legs 11. The bottom of the combustion chamber 10 is open, and the bottom opening 10a is integrally provided with a storage tank 12 for receiving a melt 30 of a wax-like substance.

The combustion chamber 10 also has a raw material input port (not shown) for inputting the raw rubber / plastic waste 20 and a net-shaped raw material receiving port for receiving the raw material input from the raw material input port. 142 is provided to close the bottom opening 10a.

On the other hand, a water storage section 18 having a water inlet 18a and a water discharge port 18b is provided below the storage tank 12, and the water stored in the water storage section 18 contains a waxy substance. The melt 30 falls and the water outlet 18b
It is more likely to be discharged with water.

Next, a method for producing a wax-like substance from rubber / plastic waste using the above-described apparatus will be described.

First, rubber and plastic waste 2 such as crosslinked polyethylene recovered from wire and cable waste
0 is charged into the combustion chamber 10 through the raw material charging port and placed on the raw material receiver 142. Next, the rubber / plastic waste 20 is ignited. After ignition, self-combustion proceeds with the passage of time, and the heat of combustion causes the rubber / plastic waste 20 that has not yet been burned to be thermally decomposed to a low molecular weight, thereby producing a wax-like substance melt 30. In addition,
The air required for combustion is supplied to the combustion chamber 1 by opening and closing the material input port.
Although it is appropriately introduced into the inside of the cylinder, it is also possible to provide an air inlet separately from this, and to introduce air for combustion from the air inlet.

The melt 30 of the wax-like substance thus generated is supplied to the combustion chamber 1 through the mesh at the bottom of the raw material receiver 142.
0 through the bottom opening 10a of the storage tank 12.
8 and is discharged together with the water from the water discharge port 18b.

In such a method, the melt 30 of the wax-like substance is cooled by dropping into the water in the water storage section 18 and is discharged as wax-like substance particles together with the water. In addition, after the waxy substance is discharged from the receiving tank in a molten state, and cooled and solidified, a pulverizing step becomes unnecessary, and the waxy substance can be efficiently collected.

Although not shown, in the present invention, a separation and recovery means for separating and recovering wax-like substance particles from a mixed fluid of water and wax-like substance particles is provided in a discharge line for water and wax-like substance particles. It may be provided.
By providing such a separation and recovery means, the recovery operation of the wax-like substance can be made more efficient.

Further, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. That is, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a rubber / plastic waste decomposition apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 10 denotes a combustion chamber for self-burning the rubber / plastic waste 20. The bottom of the combustion chamber 10 is open, and the bottom opening 1
0a is integrally provided with a storage tank 12 for receiving the melt 30 of the wax-like substance.

The combustion chamber 10 also has a raw material input port (not shown) for inputting raw rubber / plastic waste 20 and a net-shaped raw material receiving port for receiving the raw material input from the raw material input port. 142 is provided to close the bottom opening 10a.

On the other hand, at the bottom of the storage tank 12, there is provided a discharge port 12a provided with an opening / closing valve 13 for discharging the collected melt 30 of the wax-like substance. An extruder 19 for extruding the melt 30 of the wax-like substance discharged from the discharge port 12a into a pellet is provided. That is, the discharge port 1 of the receiving tank 12
2a is open to the hopper 19a of the extruder 19,
Melt 3 of waxy substance discharged from outlet 12a
Numeral 0 is supplied from the hopper 19a into the extruder 19 and extruded into pellets. The combustion chamber 10
Is supported and fixed on an extruder 19 by four support legs 11.

Next, a method for producing a wax-like substance from rubber and plastic waste using the above-described apparatus will be described.

First, rubber and plastic waste such as cross-linked polyethylene recovered from wire and cable waste 2
0 is charged into the combustion chamber 10 through the raw material charging port and placed on the raw material receiver 142. Next, the rubber / plastic waste 20 is ignited. After the ignition, self-combustion proceeds with the passage of time, and the heat of combustion causes the rubber / plastic waste 20 that has not yet been burned to be thermally decomposed to have a low molecular weight, thereby producing a melt 30 of a wax-like substance. In addition,
The air required for combustion is supplied to the combustion chamber 1 by opening and closing the material inlet.
Although it is appropriately introduced into the inside of the air, it is also possible to provide an air inlet separately from this, and to introduce air for combustion from the air inlet.

The melt 30 of the wax-like substance thus generated is supplied to the combustion chamber 1 through the mesh at the bottom of the material receiver 142.
0, falls through the bottom opening 10a, accumulates in the receiving tank 12, and is discharged to the extruder 19 as appropriate.
It is extruded into pellets while being cooled inside.

In this method, as in the case of the rubber / plastic waste decomposition apparatus shown in FIG. 3, a waxy substance is discharged from a receiving tank in a molten state and solidified by cooling, as in the conventional apparatus. Thereafter, the step of pulverizing becomes unnecessary, and the wax-like substance can be efficiently recovered. In addition, in this example, the cooling and the pelletization of the melt of the wax-like substance are simultaneously performed, so that the processing can be performed more efficiently.

[0053]

As described above, according to the apparatus for decomposing rubber and plastic waste of the present invention, the yield of wax-like substances can be increased and the processing efficiency can be improved.
Work efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of an apparatus for decomposing rubber and plastic waste according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the apparatus for decomposing rubber and plastic waste according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a rubber / plastic waste decomposition apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of an apparatus for decomposing rubber and plastic waste according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view schematically showing an example of a conventional rubber / plastic waste decomposition treatment apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Combustion chamber 10a Bottom opening 10c
Loading port 10d Loading port 12 Reception tank 14
Raw material container 142 Raw material receiver 18 Water reservoir 18a Water inlet 18b Water outlet 19 Extruder 20 Rubber / plastic waste 30 Wax material melt 40 Preheating chamber 40a Carry-in port 40b Carry-out port 42 Communication pipe

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C08L 23:00 C08L 23:00 23:06 23:06 (72) Inventor Susumu Hirai Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture 2-1-1, Oda Sakae Showa Electric Wire & Cable Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroaki Morita 2-1-1, Oda Ei, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture Showa Electric Wire & Cable Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hitoshi Shoji Kanagawa (1-1) Inventor Toshihisa Ogaki 2-1-1 Oda Ei, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Showa Electric Cable Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 3K061 AA18 AB02 AB03 AC13 AC14 FA10 FA13 4F301 AA03 AA11 AA13 CA09 CA25 CA32 CA41 CA42 CA52 CA62 CA63 CA64 4H029 CA12 CA14 CA16

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A combustion chamber for burning a part of rubber / plastic waste contained in a raw material container having a large number of through holes at a bottom portion to thermally decompose the remainder to produce a waxy substance melt; Attached to the bottom opening of the combustion chamber,
And a receiving tank for receiving a melt of the wax-like substance falling through the through-hole of the raw material container, wherein a loading tank for loading the raw material container into a side wall of the combustion chamber. An apparatus for decomposing rubber and plastic waste, comprising a mouth and a carry-out port for carrying out the raw material container. 2. A preheating chamber which is connected to a carry-in port for carrying in the raw material container and a carry-in port of the combustion chamber and has an opening for carrying out the raw material container to the combustion chamber is provided. 2. The apparatus for decomposing rubber and plastic waste according to claim 1, wherein a hot gas generated by combustion of said rubber and plastic waste is introduced from said combustion chamber into said preheating chamber. 3. The rubber / plastic waste decomposition treatment according to claim 1, further comprising a cooling chamber provided with cooling means for cooling the raw material container carried out of the combustion chamber. apparatus. 4. A combustion chamber for burning a part of the rubber / plastic waste placed on a raw material receiver having a large number of through holes to thermally decompose the remainder to produce a waxy substance melt, A device that is attached to the bottom opening of the combustion chamber and that receives a melt of the wax-like substance that falls through the through-hole of the raw material receiver. A rubber, wherein a water inlet and a water outlet are provided, and a melt of the wax-like substance falls on water introduced from the water inlet, and is discharged together with water from the water outlet.・ Plastic waste decomposition equipment. 5. The rubber / plastic waste according to claim 4, further comprising a separation and recovery means for separating and recovering the wax-like substance from the mixed fluid of the water and the wax-like substance discharged from the water discharge port. Decomposition processing equipment. 6. A combustion chamber for burning a part of rubber and plastic waste placed on a raw material receiver having a large number of through holes to thermally decompose the remainder to produce a waxy substance melt, A receiving tank mounted on a bottom opening of the combustion chamber and receiving a melt of the wax-like substance that falls through a through-hole of the raw material receiver. An apparatus for decomposing rubber and plastic waste, comprising: an extruder for extruding the pooled melt of the wax-like substance into pellets.