JP2002171850A - Circulating waterway - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable animals and plants to be bred without damaging the natural view by forming an artificial circulating waterway. SOLUTION: An aslant groove 1 made of a concrete is formed in a park, or the like so that a water flow from one end to the other end may be formed in the groove. The upstream end and the downstream end are connected by a line system 16, and circulating pumps 17 and 18 and a filtering tank 19 are arranged between the line system 16 and the groove 1. A swamp 4 for plantation, partitioned by water-permeable partitions 3 is formed in the groove 1. Especially, the swamp 4 is constituted by forming a lower layer part 6 having a charcoal layer formed below a surface layer part 5 comprising a planting soil. The water flowing in the groove 1 is cleaned through the lower layer part 6 of the swamp 4 to keep the water quality good, to allow aquatic organisms such as a dragonfly and a firefly to breed, and to allow a plant such as a Japanese skunk-cabbage to cluster the surface layer part 5 of the swamp 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an artificial waterway constructed in a park or a school yard, and more particularly to a circulation type waterway suitable for breeding plants such as mizubasho, fireflies, and other organisms.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the environment where aquatic organisms inhabit has been lost due to the discharge of domestic wastewater into rivers and the reclamation of tidal flats. For this reason, legal restrictions such as imposing certain restrictions on waste emissions and disposal methods to protect the environment suitable for the habitat of living organisms are being enforced, while limiting the reduction of aquatic insects such as dragonflies and fireflies. Research on artificial structures for such purposes is also in progress. For example, one of them is an artificial waterway. This kind of waterway constructs an inclined groove made of water-blocking material in a facility such as a park or schoolyard so that water supplied to one end (upstream end) of the groove naturally flows downstream. In particular, on the bottom of the water, natural stones and the like, which make up aquatic insects, are placed, and water reaching the downstream is returned to the upstream end by a pump and circulated.

[0003]

However, since such a waterway is mainly made of concrete, plants that should originally be vegetated on the waterside do not grow on the waterside, but are artificially in harmony with the natural scenery. Was difficult to obtain. Also, since water is simply circulated, even if dissolved oxygen can be kept at a constant level by aeration due to circulation, dust and rainwater directly enter from the outside, feces discharged by fish and other aquatic organisms released, There was a problem that the water quality gradually deteriorated due to accumulation of bait residues. For this reason, even if the larvae or medaka of fireflies are released, their survival rate is low, and most of them die in a short period of time.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a main object of the present invention is to provide an artificial circulation type waterway so that animals and plants can be propagated without impairing the natural landscape.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following circulation type waterway. (1) A water channel in which a groove having a predetermined shape is formed from a water-blocking material such as concrete, and a water flow from one end to the other end is formed in the groove, and an upstream end and a downstream end thereof are circulating pumps. Connected by a pipeline system with
A circulating water channel comprising a wetland for planting divided by a partition having water permeability at a position in the groove. (2) The circulation type waterway according to the above (1), wherein the wetland is composed of a surface layer portion made of planting soil and a lower layer portion including a layer made of a charcoal such as charcoal having drainage. (3) A water channel in which a groove having a predetermined shape is formed from a water-impervious material such as concrete, and a water flow from one end to the other end is formed in the groove, and the groove is continuous via a head portion. It is divided into a plurality of areas, stones are arranged in each of the areas, and areas forming the upstream end and the downstream end are connected by a pipeline system with a circulation pump and a filtration tank interposed therebetween, and a portion in the groove There is provided a wetland for planting divided by a partition having water permeability, the wetland is composed of a lower layer having drainage and a surface layer made of planting soil, of which the lower layer is gravel. Alternatively, a circulation type water channel comprising a layer of chestnut stone, a layer of charcoal, and a layer of porous mineral such as pumice.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a preferred embodiment of a circulation type waterway according to the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is an X-ray cross section, and FIG. 3 is a YY cross section in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view along the water flow direction in the water channel. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an inclined groove forming a waterway of the present application,
The groove 1 is made of water-blocking concrete so that the water inside does not leak to the outside. The groove 1 is U
Although it can be formed by connecting precast concrete such as a U-shaped groove, in this example, the total length of the groove 1 constructed by cast-in-place concrete is set to 50 to 100 m. In addition, this can also be formed with a plastic or metal. Also, in this example, the groove 1 is a corner 2
And a wetland 4 for planting divided by a partition 3 having water permeability is provided on the outer peripheral side of the corner portion 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, the wetland 4 is composed of a layer composed of soil for planting as a surface layer 5 and a lower layer 6 having drainage provided thereunder. Of these, the surface layer portion 5 is provided at a position slightly higher than the flowing water surface L passing through the wetland 4 so that the planting soil constituting the surface portion is not muddy and does not flow out of the partition walls 3. It is set to 30 cm. In addition, as soil for planting, sand, silt such as black soil and red soil, general natural soil including clay, organic soil such as mulch and peat moss, artificial soil such as perlite and vermiculite, or two or more of them Can be used.

On the other hand, the lower layer portion 6 has a three-layer structure in this embodiment. The upper layer 6A has a particle size of 10 to 10
The intermediate layer 6B has a thickness of 15 mm.
The charcoal layer set to ３０30 cm and the bottom layer 6C are layers made of gravel or rubble stone. However, each of these layers 6A-
The arrangement of the 6C may be changed or another layer may be added. Conversely, a single-layer structure of charcoal or a two-layer structure in which a layer of pumice is added thereto may be used. Also, other porous minerals can be used instead of pumice, or carbon fiber, activated carbon,
Alternatively, coal or other carbide may be used. In this example, the partition 3 is composed of a pillar 3A made of a log and a horizontal member 3B, and water can enter and exit through a slit formed between the horizontal members 3B. It may be composed of a wire mesh or punching metal.

The groove 1 is inclined as shown in FIG. 4 so that water flows down naturally from one end to the other end. (In this example, four) areas 8, 9, 1
The water depth and the flow velocity are set so as to sequentially change in each of the regions 8 to 11.

[0010] For example, the region 8 forms an upstream end having a deep and slow flowing edge 8A (waterfall) and a relatively shallow and relatively steep current 8B (overflow portion). 9
A and the ridge 9B, the area 10 is the ridge 10A and the ridge 10B, and the area 11 is the downstream edge of the ridge 11A forming a puddle.
(Pond) is formed. In particular, stone materials 12 made of natural stone are arranged on both side edges of each of the regions 8 to 11, and a drop portion 7 that forms a boundary between the regions 8 to 11, an edge portion 8A and a set portion 8B, and an edge portion 9A are formed. Tobe 9B and Fuchi 10
An overflow weir 13 made of an array of stone materials is provided at the boundary between A and the set part 10B. It is to be noted that a pseudo rock made of concrete or the like can be used as the stone material 12, but in this example, a natural stone was used and fixed to the bottom of the groove 1 with concrete.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, a water outlet 14 is provided in an upper portion of an area 8 which forms an upstream end, and a water intake port 15 is provided in a region 11 which forms a downstream end.
Is returned to the upstream end region 8 and circulated.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a pipeline system forming a return path for circulation.
This pipeline system 16 is buried underground and its both ends are in the area 8,
11 are connected to a water outlet 14 and a water intake 15.
Further, circulating pumps 17 and 18 and a filtration tank 19 are interposed in the pipeline system 16. One of the circulation pumps 17
Is for sending the water in the area 11 to the filtration tank 19, and the other circulation pump 18 is for returning the purified water purified in the filtration tank 19 to the most upstream area 8, and the filtration interposed therebetween. The tank 19 stores gravel and other filter media.

On the other hand, in FIG. 1, reference numeral 20 denotes an underground tank installed near the groove 1. The underground tank 20 is used for replenishment when an amount of water in the groove 1 is insufficient, such as an external drainage gutter or rain gutter. Rainwater supplied from the water supply pipe 21 is stored. A filter tank 22 containing a filter medium is interposed also in the water supply pipe 21, and the water supplied to the underground tank 20 is purified by the filter tank 22. Reference numeral 23 denotes a supply path for supplying the water stored in the underground tank 20 into the groove 1. The underground tank 20 is provided with a pump 24 for supplying the stored water to the area 11 through the supply path 23. As a countermeasure against flooding caused by heavy rain, etc., an overflow pipe 25 is connected to the underground tank 20, and a drain pipe 2 branched to a pipe system 16 via a switching valve 26.
7 is connected. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 28 denotes a promenade provided near the groove.

According to the circulation type water channel constructed as described above, the water supplied to the uppermost stream area 8 is supplied to the area 9,
10 flows down sequentially to finally reach the most downstream area 11, which is sent to the filtration tank 19 by the circulation pump 17 for purification, and the purified water is returned to the most upstream area 8 by the circulation pump 18, This becomes a waterfall from the water discharge port 14 and is supplied into the area 8. And, as a result of the above-mentioned circulation, the dissolved oxygen in the running water is maintained at a constant amount,
While aerobic microorganisms are breeding, aquatic insects such as Kawanina that feed on them are breeding, and larvae such as dragonflies and fireflies that feed on them as well as small fish such as medaka are breeding. You.

In particular, the water flowing in the groove 1 is
In addition to being constantly purified, a part of the water flows into the wetland 4 through the partition walls 3 so as to purify the lower part 6, so that the water quality is maintained without deterioration.
As a result, aquatic organisms can continue to live for a long time in a favorable environment without dying.

On the other hand, in the wetland 4, plants such as mizubasho planted in the surface layer 5 of the wetland 4 take root toward the lower layer 6, and the filter residue such as food residue and the dissolved mineral adsorbed in the lower layer 6. Will grow as nutrients.

A test facility similar to the above-mentioned circulation type waterway was constructed, and the water quality was investigated in two areas 9 and 10. As a result, the COD value was around 1.0 in about one month, and the PHD was about one month.
The value stabilized around 6.5. Also, Kawaina, firefly larva,
In addition, when several tens of medaka fry were released, their breeding was smoother than expected, and adults of fireflies were confirmed in summer. Furthermore, flowering of Mizubasho and Ryukinka planted in wetland 4 was also confirmed.

[0018]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the circulation type waterway according to the present invention, a wetland for planting divided by a partition having water permeability is provided in the groove forming the waterway. Therefore, plants and aquatic organisms such as fireflies, dragonflies, and fish can coexist and proliferate, and moreover, the vegetation gives rise to a natural feeling, which is expected to improve the landscape.

In particular, since the wetland is provided with a lower layer containing a layer made of charcoal such as charcoal having drainage under a surface layer made of planting soil, the water purification action by this is provided. Thereby, it is possible to breed for a long period of time without killing animals and plants by keeping water quality in good condition.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a preferred example of a circulation type waterway according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line YY in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the circulation type water channel shown in FIG. 1 along a water flow direction.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Groove 2 Corner part 3 Partition wall 4 Wetland 5 Surface part 6 Lower part 6A Pumice layer 6B Charcoal layer 6C Gravel or rubble stone layer 7 Drop part 8-11 Area in groove 12 Stone 13 Overflow weir 14 Spout 15 Intake 16 Pipeline 17, 18 Circulation pump 19 Filtration tank

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A water channel in which a groove having a predetermined shape is formed from a water-blocking material such as concrete, and a water flow from one end to the other end is formed in the groove. A circulation type waterway which is connected by a pipeline system with a circulation pump interposed, and in which a wetland for planting is provided at a position in the groove by a partition having water permeability. 2. The circulation type waterway according to claim 1, wherein the wetland is composed of a surface layer made of soil for planting and a lower layer containing a layer made of charcoal such as charcoal having drainage. 3. A water channel in which a groove having a predetermined shape is formed from a water-impervious material such as concrete, and a water flow from one end to the other is formed in the groove. Are divided into a plurality of regions connected to each other, stones are arranged in each of the regions, and the regions forming the upstream end and the downstream end are connected by a pipeline system with a circulation pump and a filtration tank interposed therebetween, and the inside of the groove The site is provided with a wetland for planting divided by a partition having water permeability, the wetland is composed of a lower layer portion having drainage and a surface layer portion made of soil for planting, and the lower layer portion is included in the lower layer portion. But with a layer of gravel or chestnut stone and a layer of charcoal,
A circulation type water channel comprising a layer of a porous mineral such as pumice.