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JP2004257510A - Fluid bearing device and processing method - Google Patents
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JP2004257510A - Fluid bearing device and processing method - Google Patents

Fluid bearing device and processing method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004257510A
JP2004257510A JP2003050866A JP2003050866A JP2004257510A JP 2004257510 A JP2004257510 A JP 2004257510A JP 2003050866 A JP2003050866 A JP 2003050866A JP 2003050866 A JP2003050866 A JP 2003050866A JP 2004257510 A JP2004257510 A JP 2004257510A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
shaft
sleeve
groove
peripheral surface
dynamic pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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JP2003050866A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takafumi Asada
隆文 淺田
Hiroaki Saito
浩昭 斎藤
Hideaki Ono
英明 大野
Daisuke Ito
大輔 伊藤
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP2003050866A priority Critical patent/JP2004257510A/en
Publication of JP2004257510A publication Critical patent/JP2004257510A/en
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Abstract

【課題】軸受内部に蓄積した空気が軸受隙間のオイルを押し出し油膜切れが発生することを防止する。
【解決手段】軸外周面またはスリーブ内周面の少なくとも一方にパターン状の浅溝からなる動圧発生溝と、少なくとも一本のパターン状の深溝または少なくとも一本の軸方向に略直線状の深溝を有し、軸とスリーブの間の隙間は潤滑剤で充満されており、動圧発生溝の深さより深溝は2倍以上深くなるよう構成することで、潤滑剤を軸受隙間に保持したまま内部に蓄積した空気を深溝から排出して軸受隙間の油膜切れを解決するものである。
【選択図】 図1
An object of the present invention is to prevent the air accumulated inside a bearing from pushing out oil in a bearing gap and causing an oil film breakage.
Kind Code: A1 A dynamic pressure generating groove formed of a patterned shallow groove on at least one of a shaft outer peripheral surface and a sleeve inner peripheral surface, and at least one pattern deep groove or at least one axially substantially linear deep groove. The gap between the shaft and the sleeve is filled with a lubricant, and the deep groove is configured to be twice or more deeper than the depth of the dynamic pressure generating groove, so that the lubricant is held inside the bearing gap. This is to solve the problem of running out of the oil film in the bearing gap by discharging the air accumulated in the bearing from the deep groove.
[Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
近年、ディスク等を用いた記録装置等はそのメモリー容量が増大し、またデータの転送速度が高速化しているため、この種の記録装置に用いられるディスク回転装置等は高速、高精度回転が必要となり、その回転主軸部には流体軸受装置が用いられている。本発明は、回転部に流体軸受を有する流体軸受装置及びその加工方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
以下、図14〜図16を参照しながら、従来の流体軸受装置の一例について説明する。図14において、31は軸であり軸受穴32Aを有するスリーブ32に回転自在にはめ合わされ、軸31はフランジ33を一体的に有し、フランジ33はベース35またはスリーブ32の凹所32Dに収納され、スラスト板34に当接して回転可能に設けられている。軸31にはロータハブ36、ロータ磁石38、ディスク39、スペーサ40、クランパー41が固定され、ロータ磁石38に対向するモータステータ37がベース35に取り付けられ、スリーブ32の軸受穴32Aの内周面には動圧発生溝32B、32Cが設けられ、フランジ33のスリーブ32との対向面及び、フランジ33と、スラスト板34との対抗面には動圧発生溝33A、33Bを有し、動圧発生溝32B、32C、33A、33Bの近傍にはオイル42が注入されている。
【0003】
以上のように構成された従来の流体軸受装置について、図14を用いてその動作について説明する。図14において、まず、モータステータ37に通電されると回転磁界が発生し、軸31、フランジ33、ロータ磁石38がハブロータ36、ディスク39と共に回転をはじめる。この時動圧発生溝32B、32C、33A、33Bはオイル42にポンピング圧力を発生し、浮上し非接触で回転し、ディスク39には図示しない磁気ヘッドが当接して電気信号の記録再生を行う。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
米国特許第5647672号公報
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら上記のような構成では、次の様な問題点があった。図14に示すように軸31はスリーブ32の軸受穴32A内をオイル42により潤滑されながら回転するが、図15に示すように、長期の回転後にオイル42中に空気43が巻き込まれた場合等に、空気43A,43Bがモータステータ37の発熱等により体積が膨張し、空気43A,43Bが動圧発生溝32B,32Cを充満していたオイル42を図中42A,42Bに示すように軸受外に流出し、動圧発生溝32Bは油膜切れを起こして軸受が擦れるという危険性があった。
【0006】
また図16に示す別の従来の流体軸受装置は、軸受の内部の圧力が高まった場合に空気43を排出できるよう、スリーブ32に通気穴44A,44Bが設けてある。しかしながら、通気穴44A,44Bからは必要なオイル42が図中42A,42Bに示すように流出し、動圧発生溝32Cにおいて油膜切れを起こして軸受が擦れるという危険性があった。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記問題点を解決するために本発明の流体軸受装置は、軸またはスリーブの少なくともいずれか一方が相対的に回転し、軸外周面またはスリーブ内周面の少なくとも一方にパターン状の浅溝からなる動圧発生溝を有するラジアル軸受面を有し、動圧発生溝の浅溝の内少なくとも一本を深溝にするか、または動圧発生溝とは別に軸外周面またはスリーブ内周面に少なくとも一本の軸方向に略直線状の深溝を設け、軸とスリーブの間の隙間は潤滑剤で充満させ、動圧発生溝の深さよりパターン状または略直線状の深溝は2倍以上深くなるよう構成したものである。
【0008】
また、本発明の流体軸受装置は軸外周面上にパターン状の浅溝からなる動圧発生溝と略直線状の深溝を有し、上金型と下金型の間に被加工物である軸を挟みこみ、金型間に圧力を加えて軸を両金型間で回転させて、両方の溝を転造により同時に加工するか、または、スリーブ内周面上にパターン状の浅溝からなる動圧発生溝と深溝を有し、両方の溝をボール転造により加工するものである。
【0009】
本発明は上記した構成によって、軸受に必要なオイルは隙間が小さい軸受内部に残したまま、軸受内部に蓄積した空気だけを深溝を通して軸受外に排出可能とし、動圧発生溝部においてオイルの油膜切れが無く、軸受の信頼性が流体軸受装置の構成とその加工方法を得る。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明の一実施の形態における流体軸受装置及び加工方法について、図1〜図13を参照しながら説明する。図1〜図3は本発明の一実施の形態における流体軸受装置の断面図を示している。図1において、軸1またはスリーブ2の少なくともいずれか一方が相対的に回転し、軸1の外周面またはスリーブ2の軸受穴2Aの少なくとも一方にパターン状の浅溝からなる動圧発生溝1B,1Cを有するラジアル軸受面を有し、軸1の外周面またはスリーブ2の内周面には、動圧発生溝1B,1Cのパターン状の浅溝の内少なくとも一本を深溝にするか、または動圧発生溝1B,1Cとは別に少なくとも一本の軸に略平行な略直線状の深溝5を有し、軸1とスリーブ2の間の隙間はオイル等の潤滑剤4で充満されており、動圧発生溝1B,1Cの深さより深溝5は2倍以上深く形成されている。動圧発生溝1B,1Cは二組の魚骨パターン状の浅溝であり、二組の間に隙間大部3を有している。図2は軸1とスリーブ2の断面図であるが、深溝5は少なくとも一本以上、例えば本実施例では2本加工されている。
【0011】
以上のように構成された流体軸受装置について、図1〜図7を用いてその動作について説明する。図1において図示しないモータ等により軸1またはスリーブ2のいずれかが回転を始めると、動圧発生溝1B,1Cはオイル4を動圧発生溝1B,1Cのポンピング効果によりかき集めて圧力を発生し、軸1は浮上し非接触で高精度に回転する。しかしながら、軸受が長時間回転後にはオイル4の中には図中6に示す空気6が混入している場合がある。混入した空気6は蓄積量が多くなった場合や、周囲の温度が上昇して空気6の内部圧力が上昇した時や、膨張して体積が大きくなった時に、空気6は深溝5の中を通って図3に示すように外部に排出される。こうして空気6が排出されることで、オイル4は軸受外へ押し出されたり、漏れたりしないで、軸1とスリーブ2の間の十分小さい軸受隙間に、オイル自身の表面張力で保持され、軸受は油膜切れを生じないで安定して回転できる。本実施例において軸1の直径は0.5〜20ミリメートルであり、深溝5の深さは動圧発生溝1B,1Cの深さの2倍以上の場合に、オイル4が軸受隙間に保持され、空気6は良好に排出されることが確認できた。深溝一本あたりの幅は軸円周上の約0.5〜5%を目安とした場合に空気6はスムーズに排出された。
【0012】
深溝はパターン状の複数浅溝からなる動圧発生溝1B,1Cの内、少なくとも一本の浅溝を他の浅溝より2倍以上深く設ける第1の方法と、動圧発生溝とは別に、軸1に略平行な略直線状な深溝を設ける方法のいずれか一方の方法がとられるが、図4は深溝5が軸1となす角度について表わしている。軸1が図中矢印M方向に回転する場合、図中θの角度は大きすぎると図4の様にオイル4は深溝に沿って矢印N方向に移動させられ、動圧発生溝1Bの下方部分で油膜切れが生じる場合がある。この角度θは、図5に示すように±3度以内が良好であり、油膜切れが生じないことがわかった。尚深溝5は軸1全体に伸びる連続した一本の溝ではなく、上側の動圧発生溝1Bに一本と、下側の動圧発生溝1Cに一本というように複数本に分断された溝でもかまわない。図5は実際の軸受を観察して求めたデータである。
【0013】
図6は図3における略直線状の深溝5の深さと軸受隙間に残留する空気の面積比率を観察して求めたものである。深溝5は、その深さが浅すぎる場合はオイル4がオイル4自身の表面張力により深溝に充満してしまうため空気6は排出されにくい。図6に示すように深溝の深さは20マイクロメータ以上が必要であり、20〜700マイクロメータの場合に排出される。700マイクロメートルより深い場合は、軸受隙間部のオイル4の保持力に悪影響が出る危険性がある。尚、この観察実験は動圧発生溝1B,1Cの深さは1〜15マイクロメータとし、その範囲で良好な結果を得た。
【0014】
図7〜図8は軸1の外周面への動圧発生溝1B,1Cと深溝5の加工方法を示している。上型7と、下型8には共に、深溝を塑性加工するための凸部7A,8Aと、動圧溝1B,1Cを塑性加工するための凸部7B,8Bが設けられており、上型7と下型8の間に軸1を挟み込み、加圧しながら軸を転ろがせる事で軸1の表面に深溝5と動圧発生溝1B,1Cが同時に加工できる。尚、この転造加工後には研磨加工等で軸1の外周面を仕上げ加工する場合もある。
【0015】
図9〜図10はスリーブ2の軸受穴2Aに動圧発生溝2B,2Cと、深溝5を加工する方法を示している。ボール転造ツール9には、動圧発生溝2B,2C加工用の小径ボール9Aと、深溝5を加工するための大径ボール9Bが取り付けられている。ボール転造ツール9に図10に示す矢印Oのようにスクリューモションを与えると小径ボール9Aが軸受穴2Aに動圧発生溝2B,2Cを加工することができ、さらに、大径ボール9Bに図中Pに示す様に軸方向に直線運動を与えると深溝5が加工できる。尚、ボール転造ツール9に大径ボール9Aと、小径ボール9Bを一体に構成される場合は、それらは、スリーブ2の長さと同等以上の距離を離して取り付けられている。尚、小径ボール9Aと大径ボール9Bは別のボール転造ツールに取り付けられても良い。本実施形態においては、大径ボール9Bは3個有しており、深溝は3本加工している。このボール転造加工法の場合、大径ボール9Bは3個以上であれば、転造加工中にツール9と軸受穴2Aで自動的に中心が会うので加工性が良好である。
【0016】
以上のように本実施の形態によれば、流体軸受部に混入した空気が容易に排出され、軸受に生じがちであった油膜切れが防止され、高精度かつ長寿命に回転させる軸受装置の構成が得られる。また高精度に生産性良く、流体軸受装置が量産可能になる。
【0017】
図11〜図13は本発明の第2の実施形態の流体軸受装置の図である。スリーブ12の軸受穴12Aに軸11が回転自在に挿入され、軸11の外周面またはスリーブ12の内周面の少なくとも一方にパターン状の浅溝からなる動圧発生溝11B,11Cを有するラジアル軸受面を有し、スリーブ12には隙間大部12Bが設けられ、軸11の上部側には径小部11Aがありこの径小部11Aにはロータ磁石18を有するロータハブ22が取り付けられ、ロータハブ22とスリーブ12の間はスリーブ側に固定された抜け防止板13があり、軸11の他端(図11において下側)には軸11に直角なスラスト軸受面11Dを有し、この軸受面11Dはスリーブ12側に固定され、螺旋状または魚骨状パターンの動圧発生溝14Aを有するスラスト板14に対抗してスラスト軸受面を構成し、スリーブ12はモータステータ17と共にベース板16に固定され、軸11の外周面またはスリーブ12の内周面の少なくともいずれか一方には少なくとも一本の軸方向に略直線状の深溝15を有し、軸11とスリーブ12の間の隙間及び軸11のスラスト軸受面11Dはオイル等の潤滑剤23で充満されており、動圧発生溝14Aの深さより略直線状の深溝15の深さは2倍以上深く設けられている。ロータハブ22には、ディスク19とスペーサ20がクランパー21により取り付けられている。
【0018】
以上のように構成された流体軸受装置について、図11〜図13を用いてその動作について説明する。図11において、まず、ステータ17に通電されると回転磁界が発生し、ロータ磁石18がロータハブ22、軸11、ディスク19、クランパー21、スペーサ20と共に回転を始める。動圧発生溝11B,11C、14A、においてオイル等の潤滑剤23を回転力によりかき集めポンピング圧力を発生し軸受部は浮上し非接触で高精度に回転する。
【0019】
図12において、軸受が長時間回転後にはオイル24の中には図中11に示す空気24が混入している場合がある。混入した空気24は蓄積量が多くなった場合や、周囲の温度が上昇して空気24の内部圧力が上昇した時、または膨張して体積が大きくなった時に、空気24は深溝15の中を通って図12中の矢印に示すように外部に排出される。こうして空気24が排出されることで、オイル23は軸受外へ押し出されたり、漏れたりしないで、軸11とスリーブ12の間の十分小さい軸受隙間に、オイル23自身の表面張力により保持され、軸受は油膜切れを生じないで安定して回転できる。本実施例において軸1の直径は0.5〜20ミリメートルであり、深溝15の深さは動圧発生溝11B,11Cの深さの2倍以上の場合に、オイル23が軸受隙間に良好に保持され、空気24は良好に排出されることが確認できた。
【0020】
図13は軸11が1万rpm以上の高速回転している時のオイル23の充満状態を示している。抜け防止板13にはテーパ部13Aが設けられており、オイル23自身の表面張力で保持されると共に、オイル23に遠心力が図中矢印Qの方向に加わり、オイル23は強固に保持されて流出することがないので、高速回転で大変長寿命に軸受の運転が行える。
【0021】
以上のように本実施の形態によれば、流体軸受部に混入した空気が容易に排出され、軸受に生じがちであった油膜切れが防止され、ディスクを高精度かつ長寿命に回転させる軸受装置の構成が得られる。
【0022】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明の流体軸受装置は軸外周面またはスリーブ内周面の少なくとも一方にパターン状の浅溝からなる動圧発生溝と、少なくとも一本の軸方向にパターン状または略直線状の深溝を有し、軸とスリーブの間の隙間は潤滑剤で充満されており、動圧発生溝の深さより略直線状の深溝は2倍以上深くなるよう構成することで、潤滑剤を軸受隙間に保持したまま内部に蓄積した空気を深溝から排出して軸受隙間の油膜切れを解決するものである。また生産性に優れた動圧発生溝および深溝の加工方法を提供するものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明第一の実施形態の流体軸受装置断面図
【図2】本発明第一実施形態の深溝の詳細図
【図3】本発明第一実施形態の深溝の詳細図
【図4】本発明第一実施形態の深溝の詳細図
【図5】本発明第一実施形態の深溝の角度説明図
【図6】本発明第一実施形態の深溝の深さ説明図
【図7】本発明の深溝の加工方法説明図
【図8】本発明の深溝の加工方法説明図
【図9】本発明の深溝の加工方法説明図
【図10】本発明の深溝の加工方法説明図
【図11】本発明第二実施形態の流体軸受装置断面図
【図12】本発明第二実施形態の詳細図
【図13】本発明第二実施形態の詳細図
【図14】従来の流体軸受装置断面図
【図15】従来の流体軸受装置説明図
【図16】従来の流体軸受装置説明図
【符号の説明】
1,11 軸
1B,1C、2B,2C,11B,11C 動圧発生溝
2,12 スリーブ
2A,12A 軸受穴
3 隙間大部
4,23 オイル
5,15 深溝
6,24 空気
7 上金型
8 下金型
9 ボール転造ツール
13 抜け防止板
13A テーパ部
14 スラスト板
16 ベース
17 モータステータ
18 ロータ磁石
19 ディスク
20 スペーサ
21 クランパー
22 ロータハブ
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
In recent years, recording devices using disks and the like have increased memory capacity and data transfer speeds have increased. Therefore, disk rotating devices and the like used in this type of recording devices require high-speed, high-precision rotation. And a hydrodynamic bearing device is used for the rotating main shaft portion. The present invention relates to a hydrodynamic bearing device having a hydrodynamic bearing in a rotating portion and a method of processing the hydrodynamic bearing device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Hereinafter, an example of a conventional hydrodynamic bearing device will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 14, reference numeral 31 denotes a shaft, which is rotatably fitted to a sleeve 32 having a bearing hole 32A. The shaft 31 integrally has a flange 33, and the flange 33 is housed in a recess 32D of the base 35 or the sleeve 32. , And rotatably provided in contact with the thrust plate 34. A rotor hub 36, a rotor magnet 38, a disk 39, a spacer 40, and a clamper 41 are fixed to the shaft 31, and a motor stator 37 facing the rotor magnet 38 is attached to a base 35, and is provided on an inner peripheral surface of a bearing hole 32 </ b> A of the sleeve 32. Are provided with dynamic pressure generating grooves 32B and 32C, and have dynamic pressure generating grooves 33A and 33B on the surface of the flange 33 facing the sleeve 32 and on the surface facing the flange 33 and the thrust plate 34. Oil 42 is injected near the grooves 32B, 32C, 33A, 33B.
[0003]
The operation of the conventional hydrodynamic bearing device configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. 14, first, when a motor stator 37 is energized, a rotating magnetic field is generated, and the shaft 31, the flange 33, and the rotor magnet 38 start rotating together with the hub rotor 36 and the disk 39. At this time, the dynamic pressure generating grooves 32B, 32C, 33A, and 33B generate pumping pressure in the oil 42, float and rotate in a non-contact manner, and a magnetic head (not shown) abuts on the disk 39 to record and reproduce electric signals. .
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
US Patent No. 5,647,672
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above configuration has the following problems. As shown in FIG. 14, the shaft 31 rotates while being lubricated in the bearing hole 32A of the sleeve 32 by the oil 42. As shown in FIG. 15, for example, when the air 43 is entrained in the oil 42 after a long rotation. In addition, the air 43A, 43B expands in volume due to the heat generation of the motor stator 37 and the like, and the air 43A, 43B fills the dynamic pressure generating grooves 32B, 32C with the oil 42 outside the bearing as shown by 42A, 42B in the figure. And the dynamic pressure generating groove 32B has a danger that the oil film may be broken and the bearing may be rubbed.
[0006]
Further, in another conventional hydrodynamic bearing device shown in FIG. 16, ventilation holes 44A and 44B are provided in the sleeve 32 so that the air 43 can be discharged when the pressure inside the bearing increases. However, there is a danger that the necessary oil 42 flows out from the ventilation holes 44A and 44B as shown by 42A and 42B in the drawing, causing the oil film to break in the dynamic pressure generating groove 32C and the bearing to be rubbed.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, in the hydrodynamic bearing device of the present invention, at least one of the shaft and the sleeve relatively rotates, and at least one of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve comprises a pattern-shaped shallow groove. A radial bearing surface having a dynamic pressure generating groove, wherein at least one of the shallow dynamic pressure generating grooves is formed as a deep groove, or at least one of the shallow grooves on the shaft outer peripheral surface or the sleeve inner peripheral surface is provided separately from the dynamic pressure generating groove. A substantially linear deep groove is provided in the axial direction, the gap between the shaft and the sleeve is filled with a lubricant, and the pattern or substantially linear deep groove is more than twice as deep as the depth of the dynamic pressure generating groove. It was done.
[0008]
Further, the hydrodynamic bearing device of the present invention has a dynamic pressure generating groove composed of a pattern-shaped shallow groove and a substantially linear deep groove on the shaft outer peripheral surface, and is a workpiece between the upper mold and the lower mold. Insert the shaft, apply pressure between the dies, rotate the shaft between the two dies, and process both grooves simultaneously by rolling, or use a pattern-shaped shallow groove on the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve. The groove has a dynamic pressure generating groove and a deep groove, and both grooves are processed by ball rolling.
[0009]
According to the above-described configuration, the present invention enables only the air accumulated in the bearing to be discharged out of the bearing through the deep groove while leaving the oil required for the bearing inside the bearing with a small gap. The structure of the hydrodynamic bearing device and its processing method can be obtained without the need for reliability.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a hydrodynamic bearing device and a processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 are sectional views of a hydrodynamic bearing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, at least one of the shaft 1 and the sleeve 2 relatively rotates, and at least one of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 1 and the bearing hole 2A of the sleeve 2 has a dynamic pressure generating groove 1B formed of a pattern-shaped shallow groove. A radial bearing surface having an inner peripheral surface of the shaft 1 or an inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 2, at least one of the pattern-shaped shallow grooves of the dynamic pressure generating grooves 1B and 1C is formed as a deep groove, or In addition to the dynamic pressure generating grooves 1B and 1C, there is provided at least one shaft having a substantially linear deep groove 5 substantially parallel to the shaft, and a gap between the shaft 1 and the sleeve 2 is filled with a lubricant 4 such as oil. The deep groove 5 is formed at least twice as deep as the depths of the dynamic pressure generating grooves 1B and 1C. The dynamic pressure generating grooves 1B and 1C are two sets of fishbone pattern-shaped shallow grooves having a large gap 3 between the two sets. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the shaft 1 and the sleeve 2. At least one or more deep grooves 5, for example, two in this embodiment, are processed.
[0011]
The operation of the hydrodynamic bearing device configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. When either the shaft 1 or the sleeve 2 starts rotating by a motor or the like not shown in FIG. 1, the dynamic pressure generating grooves 1B and 1C collect the oil 4 by the pumping effect of the dynamic pressure generating grooves 1B and 1C to generate pressure. The shaft 1 floats and rotates with high accuracy without contact. However, after the bearing has rotated for a long time, air 6 shown in FIG. When the amount of accumulated air 6 increases, when the ambient temperature increases and the internal pressure of the air 6 increases, or when the volume increases and expands, the air 6 flows through the deep groove 5. As shown in FIG. By discharging the air 6 in this manner, the oil 4 is not pushed out or leaked out of the bearing, but is held in a sufficiently small bearing gap between the shaft 1 and the sleeve 2 by the surface tension of the oil itself, and the bearing is It can rotate stably without running out of oil film. In this embodiment, when the diameter of the shaft 1 is 0.5 to 20 millimeters and the depth of the deep groove 5 is at least twice the depth of the dynamic pressure generating grooves 1B and 1C, the oil 4 is held in the bearing gap. It was confirmed that the air 6 was discharged well. The air 6 was smoothly discharged when the width per one deep groove was about 0.5 to 5% on the circumference of the shaft.
[0012]
The deep groove is different from the first method of providing at least one shallow groove at least twice as deep as the other shallow grooves among the dynamic pressure generating grooves 1B and 1C composed of a plurality of pattern-shaped shallow grooves. Either one of the methods of providing a substantially linear deep groove substantially parallel to the shaft 1 is adopted. FIG. 4 shows the angle formed by the deep groove 5 with the shaft 1. When the shaft 1 rotates in the direction of the arrow M in the figure, if the angle θ in the figure is too large, the oil 4 is moved in the direction of the arrow N along the deep groove as shown in FIG. In some cases, oil film breakage may occur. This angle θ is good within ± 3 degrees as shown in FIG. 5, and it was found that the oil film did not break. Note that the deep groove 5 is not a single continuous groove extending over the entire shaft 1, but is divided into a plurality of grooves such as one in the upper dynamic pressure generating groove 1B and one in the lower dynamic pressure generating groove 1C. It can be a groove. FIG. 5 shows data obtained by observing actual bearings.
[0013]
FIG. 6 is obtained by observing the depth of the substantially linear deep groove 5 in FIG. 3 and the area ratio of air remaining in the bearing gap. If the depth of the deep groove 5 is too shallow, the oil 4 fills the deep groove due to the surface tension of the oil 4 itself, so that the air 6 is difficult to be discharged. As shown in FIG. 6, the depth of the deep groove needs to be 20 micrometers or more, and is discharged when the depth is 20 to 700 micrometers. If it is deeper than 700 micrometers, there is a risk that the holding power of the oil 4 in the bearing gap may be adversely affected. In this observation experiment, the depth of the dynamic pressure generating grooves 1B and 1C was set to 1 to 15 micrometers, and good results were obtained in that range.
[0014]
FIGS. 7 and 8 show a method of machining the dynamic pressure generating grooves 1B and 1C and the deep groove 5 on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 1. FIG. Both the upper die 7 and the lower die 8 are provided with convex portions 7A and 8A for plastically processing the deep groove and convex portions 7B and 8B for plastically processing the dynamic pressure grooves 1B and 1C. By inserting the shaft 1 between the mold 7 and the lower mold 8 and rolling the shaft while applying pressure, the deep groove 5 and the dynamic pressure generating grooves 1B and 1C can be simultaneously formed on the surface of the shaft 1. After the rolling, the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 1 may be finished by polishing or the like.
[0015]
9 and 10 show a method for machining the dynamic pressure generating grooves 2B and 2C and the deep groove 5 in the bearing hole 2A of the sleeve 2. FIG. A small-diameter ball 9A for processing the dynamic pressure generating grooves 2B and 2C and a large-diameter ball 9B for processing the deep groove 5 are attached to the ball rolling tool 9. When a screw motion is given to the ball rolling tool 9 as shown by an arrow O in FIG. 10, the small-diameter ball 9A can process the dynamic pressure generating grooves 2B and 2C in the bearing hole 2A, and further, the large-diameter ball 9B When a linear motion is given in the axial direction as shown by P in the figure, the deep groove 5 can be machined. When the large-diameter ball 9A and the small-diameter ball 9B are integrally formed with the ball rolling tool 9, they are mounted at a distance equal to or longer than the length of the sleeve 2. Note that the small-diameter ball 9A and the large-diameter ball 9B may be attached to different ball rolling tools. In the present embodiment, three large-diameter balls 9B are provided, and three deep grooves are machined. In the case of the ball rolling method, if the number of the large-diameter balls 9B is three or more, the center is automatically met between the tool 9 and the bearing hole 2A during the rolling, so that the workability is good.
[0016]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the configuration of the bearing device that easily discharges the air mixed into the fluid bearing portion, prevents the oil film from being broken in the bearing, and rotates with high precision and long life Is obtained. In addition, the fluid bearing device can be mass-produced with high accuracy and high productivity.
[0017]
FIGS. 11 to 13 are diagrams of a hydrodynamic bearing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. A radial bearing having a shaft 11 rotatably inserted into a bearing hole 12A of a sleeve 12 and having dynamic pressure generating grooves 11B and 11C formed of pattern-shaped shallow grooves on at least one of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 11 and the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 12. The sleeve 12 is provided with a large gap portion 12B, and a small diameter portion 11A is provided on the upper side of the shaft 11, and a rotor hub 22 having a rotor magnet 18 is attached to the small diameter portion 11A. Between the sleeve 11 and the sleeve 12, there is a stopper plate 13 fixed to the sleeve side, and at the other end (lower side in FIG. 11) of the shaft 11, a thrust bearing surface 11D perpendicular to the shaft 11 is provided. Is fixed to the sleeve 12 side, and forms a thrust bearing surface against a thrust plate 14 having a dynamic pressure generating groove 14A in a spiral or fishbone pattern. And at least one of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 11 and the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 12 has at least one axially-substantially linear deep groove 15 in the axial direction. The gap between the sleeves 12 and the thrust bearing surface 11D of the shaft 11 are filled with a lubricant 23 such as oil, and the depth of the substantially linear deep groove 15 is more than twice as deep as the depth of the dynamic pressure generating groove 14A. Have been. A disk 19 and a spacer 20 are attached to the rotor hub 22 by a clamper 21.
[0018]
The operation of the hydrodynamic bearing device configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 11, when a current is applied to the stator 17, a rotating magnetic field is generated, and the rotor magnet 18 starts rotating together with the rotor hub 22, the shaft 11, the disk 19, the clamper 21, and the spacer 20. In the dynamic pressure generating grooves 11B, 11C, and 14A, the lubricant 23 such as oil is scraped by a rotational force to generate a pumping pressure, and the bearing floats and rotates with high accuracy without contact.
[0019]
In FIG. 12, after the bearing rotates for a long time, air 24 shown in FIG. The air 24 enters the deep groove 15 when the amount of accumulated air 24 increases, when the ambient temperature increases and the internal pressure of the air 24 increases, or when the volume increases due to expansion. As shown by an arrow in FIG. By discharging the air 24 in this manner, the oil 23 is not pushed out of the bearing or leaked, but is held in a sufficiently small bearing gap between the shaft 11 and the sleeve 12 by the surface tension of the oil 23 itself. Can rotate stably without breaking the oil film. In this embodiment, when the diameter of the shaft 1 is 0.5 to 20 millimeters and the depth of the deep groove 15 is twice or more the depth of the dynamic pressure generating grooves 11B and 11C, the oil 23 satisfactorily fills the bearing gap. It was confirmed that the air 24 was retained and was discharged well.
[0020]
FIG. 13 shows a state in which the oil 23 is full when the shaft 11 is rotating at a high speed of 10,000 rpm or more. The slip-off prevention plate 13 is provided with a tapered portion 13A, which is held by the surface tension of the oil 23 itself, and a centrifugal force is applied to the oil 23 in the direction of arrow Q in the figure, so that the oil 23 is held firmly. Since there is no outflow, the bearing can be operated at a high speed and a very long life.
[0021]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, air mixed in the fluid bearing portion is easily discharged, oil film breakage that tends to occur in the bearing is prevented, and the disk device rotates the disk with high precision and long life. Is obtained.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the hydrodynamic bearing device of the present invention has a dynamic pressure generating groove formed of a pattern-shaped shallow groove on at least one of the shaft outer peripheral surface and the sleeve inner peripheral surface, and at least one axially patterned or substantially linear groove. It has a deep groove, the gap between the shaft and the sleeve is filled with lubricant. The air accumulated inside is discharged from the deep groove while keeping the oil pressure, and the oil film in the bearing gap is broken. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for processing a dynamic pressure generating groove and a deep groove which is excellent in productivity.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a sectional view of a hydrodynamic bearing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a detailed view of a deep groove according to the first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a deep groove according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Detailed view of the deep groove of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the angle of the deep groove of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the depth of the deep groove of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a deep groove processing method of the present invention. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a deep groove processing method of the present invention. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a deep groove processing method of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a sectional view of a hydrodynamic bearing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a detailed view of a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a detailed view of a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional hydrodynamic bearing device. FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional hydrodynamic bearing device.
1,11 Shaft 1B, 1C, 2B, 2C, 11B, 11C Dynamic pressure generating groove 2,12 Sleeve 2A, 12A Bearing hole 3 Large gap 4,23 Oil 5,15 Deep groove 6,24 Air 7 Upper mold 8 Lower Mold 9 Ball rolling tool 13 Prevention plate 13A Taper portion 14 Thrust plate 16 Base 17 Motor stator 18 Rotor magnet 19 Disk 20 Spacer 21 Clamper 22 Rotor hub

Claims (8)

軸またはスリーブの少なくともいずれか一方が相対的に回転し、軸外周面またはスリーブ内周面の少なくとも一方にパターン状の浅溝からなる動圧発生溝を有するラジアル軸受面を有し、前記動圧発生溝の浅溝の内、少なくとも一本の溝を深溝とし、軸とスリーブの間の隙間は潤滑剤で充満されており、動圧発生溝の深さより前記深溝の深さは2倍以上深い流体軸受装置。A radial bearing surface having at least one of a shaft and a sleeve that relatively rotates and having a dynamic pressure generating groove formed of a pattern-shaped shallow groove on at least one of an outer peripheral surface of the shaft and an inner peripheral surface of the sleeve; At least one of the shallow grooves is a deep groove, and the gap between the shaft and the sleeve is filled with a lubricant. The depth of the deep groove is more than twice as deep as the depth of the dynamic pressure generating groove. Fluid bearing device. 軸またはスリーブの少なくともいずれか一方が相対的に回転し、軸外周面またはスリーブ内周面の少なくとも一方にパターン状の浅溝からなる動圧発生溝を有するラジアル軸受面を有し、軸外周面またはスリーブ内周面には少なくとも一本の軸方向に略直線状の深溝を有し、軸とスリーブの間の隙間は潤滑剤で充満されており、動圧発生溝の深さより略直線状の深溝の深さは2倍以上深い流体軸受装置。At least one of the shaft and the sleeve relatively rotates, and at least one of the shaft outer peripheral surface and the sleeve inner peripheral surface has a radial bearing surface having a dynamic pressure generating groove formed of a pattern-shaped shallow groove, and the shaft outer peripheral surface. Alternatively, the sleeve inner peripheral surface has at least one substantially linear deep groove in the axial direction, the gap between the shaft and the sleeve is filled with a lubricant, and is substantially linear from the depth of the dynamic pressure generating groove. A hydrodynamic bearing device whose depth of the deep groove is more than twice as deep. スリーブの軸受穴に軸が回転自在に挿入され、軸外周面またはスリーブ内周面の少なくとも一方にパターン状の浅溝からなる動圧発生溝を有するラジアル軸受面をし、軸の一端には径小部がありこの径小部にはロータ磁石を有するロータハブが取り付けられ、ロータハブとスリーブの間はスリーブ側に固定された抜け防止板があり、軸の他端は軸に直角なスラスト軸受面を有し、この軸受面はスリーブ側に固定されたスラスト板に対向し、スリーブはモータステータと共にベース板側に固定され、軸外周面またはスリーブ内周面の少なくともいずれか一方には少なくとも一本の軸方向に略直線状の深溝を有し、軸とスリーブの間の隙間は潤滑剤で充満されており、動圧発生溝の深さより略直線状の深溝は2倍以上深い流体軸受装置。The shaft is rotatably inserted into the bearing hole of the sleeve, and has a radial bearing surface having a dynamic pressure generating groove formed of a pattern-shaped shallow groove on at least one of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve. A rotor hub having a rotor magnet is attached to the small diameter portion, and there is a slip-off prevention plate fixed to the sleeve side between the rotor hub and the sleeve, and the other end of the shaft has a thrust bearing surface perpendicular to the shaft. The bearing surface faces a thrust plate fixed to the sleeve side, the sleeve is fixed to the base plate side together with the motor stator, and at least one of the shaft outer peripheral surface and the sleeve inner peripheral surface is provided on at least one of the shaft outer peripheral surface and the sleeve inner peripheral surface. A fluid bearing device having a substantially linear deep groove in the axial direction, a gap between the shaft and the sleeve being filled with a lubricant, and the substantially linear deep groove being at least twice as deep as the depth of the dynamic pressure generating groove. パターン状の浅溝からなる動圧発生溝は二組の魚骨パターン状であり、二組の動圧溝の間にはラジアル軸受面の隙間より広い部分を有し潤滑剤を保持した請求項1又は2記載の流体軸受装置。A dynamic pressure generating groove formed of a pattern-shaped shallow groove is formed of two sets of fish bone patterns, and a portion wider than a gap of the radial bearing surface is held between the two sets of dynamic pressure grooves to retain lubricant. 3. The hydrodynamic bearing device according to 1 or 2. 略直線溝は軸線に対し、平行または±3度以内の傾斜を有する請求項1又は2又は3記載の流体軸受装置。4. The hydrodynamic bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the substantially straight groove is parallel to the axis or has an inclination within ± 3 degrees. 軸の外周面の外径が0.5〜20ミリメートルであり、動圧発生溝の深さは1〜15マイクロメータであり、略直線状の深溝の深さは20〜700マイクロメータである請求項1又は2又は3記載の流体軸受装置。The outer diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft is 0.5 to 20 mm, the depth of the dynamic pressure generating groove is 1 to 15 micrometers, and the depth of the substantially linear deep groove is 20 to 700 micrometers. Item 4. The hydrodynamic bearing device according to item 1, 2, or 3. 軸外周面上にパターン状の浅溝からなる動圧発生溝と略直線状の深溝を有し、上金型と下金型の間に被加工物である軸を挟みこみ、金型間に圧力を加えて軸を両金型間で回転させて、両方の溝を転造により同時に加工する請求項1又は2又は3記載の流体軸受装置の加工方法。It has a dynamic pressure generation groove consisting of a pattern-shaped shallow groove and a substantially linear deep groove on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, sandwiching the shaft which is the workpiece between the upper mold and the lower mold, and between the molds. The method according to claim 1, wherein the shaft is rotated between the two dies by applying pressure, and both grooves are simultaneously formed by rolling. スリーブ内周面上にパターン状の浅溝からなる動圧発生溝と略直線状の深溝を有し、両方の溝をボール転造により加工する請求項1又は2又は3記載の流体軸受装置の加工方法。4. The hydrodynamic bearing device according to claim 1, further comprising a dynamic pressure generating groove formed of a pattern-shaped shallow groove and a substantially linear deep groove on the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve, wherein both grooves are processed by ball rolling. Processing method.
JP2003050866A 2003-02-27 2003-02-27 Fluid bearing device and processing method Pending JP2004257510A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020165533A (en) * 2019-03-26 2020-10-08 Ntn株式会社 Fluid dynamic bearing equipment
US11959513B2 (en) 2019-03-26 2024-04-16 Ntn Corporation Fluid dynamic bearing device

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020165533A (en) * 2019-03-26 2020-10-08 Ntn株式会社 Fluid dynamic bearing equipment
CN113614395A (en) * 2019-03-26 2021-11-05 Ntn株式会社 Fluid dynamic pressure bearing device
US11959513B2 (en) 2019-03-26 2024-04-16 Ntn Corporation Fluid dynamic bearing device
JP7535865B2 (en) 2019-03-26 2024-08-19 Ntn株式会社 Fluid dynamic bearing device
CN113614395B (en) * 2019-03-26 2025-03-07 Ntn株式会社 Fluid dynamic bearing device

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