JP2508395B2 - Washers for civil engineering machinery - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a washer suitable for use in civil engineering such as shovels, construction and mining machines (these are referred to as civil engineering machines in the present invention).

[Prior Art] For example, in an excavator which is a civil engineering machine, a boom and an arm are axially connected, and thereby the arm is rotatable and rotatable with respect to the boom. The shaft connecting portion is generally lubricated by applying grease or the like.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Such a civil engineering machine is generally used in a poor environment in which dust, rainwater, etc. are directly attached. Will be a problem. By the way, if the lubrication of the shaft connecting portion is lubrication lubrication only with grease as described above as in the past, it is inevitable that dust and rainwater will adhere to the shaft connecting portion, and therefore the shaft connecting portion will be quickly worn and damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to frequently replace the parts of the shaft connecting portion. In addition, the noise generation due to metal contact between the arm and the boom at the shaft connecting portion and the collision is unavoidable only by lubrication with grease or the like, and the noise reduction cannot be expected so much.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to provide a washer for a civil engineering machine or the like that can reduce the generation of noise.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a washer for a civil engineering machine or the like that can reduce wear and damage of a shaft connecting portion.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a washer for a civil engineering machine or the like, which can eliminate direct adhesion of dust, rainwater and the like to the shaft connecting portion and further reduce wear and damage of the shaft connecting portion. is there.

[Means for Solving the Problems] According to the present invention, the above object is a washer for arranging between two members that rotate relative to each other in a shaft connecting portion of a civil engineering machine or the like, and has an annular elasticity made of a rubber member. This can be achieved by a washer equipped with a flat plate and a low-friction fiber layer provided on each side surface of the elastic flat plate.

The rubber member constituting the elastic flat plate of the present invention may be made of any material such as a natural rubber base material or a synthetic rubber base material as long as it has elastic characteristics. A natural rubber or neoprene rubber having excellent physical properties can be presented.

Further, the overall shape of the elastic flat plate of the present invention, in order to penetrate the shaft, it is necessary to be annular, the most general and most preferably circular in this shape, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. It may be any shape as long as it is an annular shape such as an elliptical shape, and the shape of the annular inner peripheral edge and the annular outer peripheral edge of the elastic flat plate is preferably a circular shape, but instead of this, an uneven shape is obtained by waving. In other words, of course, it may have a star shape. In particular, when the outer peripheral edge is waved and has an uneven shape, it may be preferable because dust or the like that has intruded into the gap to which the washer of the present invention is applied for some reason can be scraped out as the arm rotates.

In addition, the annular elastic flat plate of the present invention may be one in which a plurality of holes are formed like a so-called punching metal (perforated plate), and in the case of such a flat plate, the raw material used is reduced. In addition, when a lubricating oil such as grease is used together with the washer of the present invention, the hole portion serves as a lubricating reservoir, and a preferable lubricating performance can be exhibited for a long period of time.

The elastic flat plate of the present invention is also formed with an enlarging portion for sealing in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the ring in order to prevent dust and rainwater from entering the shaft connecting portion.

In the preferred example, the enlarged section has a substantially circular cross section,
The shape is not necessarily limited to this, and an elliptical shape or the like may be applied, and the number is not limited to one, and a plurality of concentric shapes may be provided.

The layers provided on both side surfaces of the elastic flat plate of the present invention ensure that the washer of the present invention makes smooth contact with, for example, the boom and the arm, and also expand and contract in the same manner as the elastic flat plate expands and contracts. Composed of fiber layers with low friction properties.

As such a fiber layer, a layer formed of a woven fabric made of low friction yarn is preferable, and particularly preferably, one yarn is
A polytetrafluoroethylene resin fiber yarn having a low coefficient of friction, and the other yarn is excellent in strength and adhesiveness with an elastic flat plate, for example, from a woven fabric which is a linear fiber yarn or an aromatic polyamide resin fiber yarn. The layer is good.

This fiber layer may be a single layer, or may be two or more layers. In the case of two or more layers, at least one layer, preferably, the outermost layer is composed of a fiber layer having low friction characteristics. However, the other layers may be composed of a fiber layer excellent in strength and adhesiveness to the elastic flat plate or a layer other than the fiber layer. In addition, the fiber layer does not need to be provided so as to cover all the both side surfaces of the elastic flat plate, and the perforated fiber layer is formed so that the side surface of the elastic flat plate is partially exposed at a regular portion or an irregular portion. And further, a plurality of disc-shaped or square-shaped fibrous layers which are regularly or irregularly separated from each other in the radial direction or the circumferential direction or are annularly arranged concentrically. It may be a fiber layer composed of one piece.

The attachment of the fiber layer of the present invention to both sides of the elastic flat plate is
Although an adhesive or the like may be used, the elastic flat plate may be vulcanized and adhered when integrally molded. When the fiber layer is attached to the elastic flat plate by vulcanization and adhesion in this manner, the elastic flat plate forming material component is It is preferable because it does not easily peel off because the fiber layer is not easily peeled off because a strong attachment state is obtained.

When the elastic flat plate is provided with an expanded portion, the expanded fiber portion may be extended to the expanded portion, but when the sealing property becomes a problem, the expanded fiber layer may be omitted. good.

[Operation] According to the present invention, the washer for a civil engineering machine or the like includes the annular elastic flat plate and the low friction fiber layers provided on both side surfaces of the elastic flat plate. When such a washer is applied to, for example, a shaft connecting portion of a boom and an arm for a civil engineering machine, the boom and the arm are brought into contact with each other via an elastic flat plate. Further, when the arm is rotated with respect to the boom, the washer for the civil engineering machine or the like of the present invention smoothly contacts the boom or the arm through the fiber layer for low friction.

On the other hand, according to the washer of the present invention in which the enlarging portion for sealing is formed in the vicinity of the annular outer peripheral edge, the enlarging portion can prevent dust and rainwater from entering the gap of the shaft connecting portion.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on specific examples shown in the drawings. This will make the above invention and other inventions clear.

The present invention is not limited to these specific examples.

[Specific Example] In FIGS. 1 and 2, an annular elastic flat plate 3 defined by an annular inner peripheral edge 1 and an annular outer peripheral edge 2.
On both side surfaces, there are provided low-friction fiber layers 4 and 5 made of interwoven cloth, one of which is a low-friction polytetrafluoroethylene resin fiber yarn and the other of which is a cotton fiber yarn. In this example, an enlarging portion 6 for sealing having a substantially circular cross section is formed over the entire circumference in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge 2 of an elastic flat plate 3 made of natural rubber as a rubber member. Layers 4 and 5 are not applied. The fiber layers 4 and 5 are
As described above, when the elastic flat plate 3 is integrally molded, it is vulcanized and adhered to both side surfaces of the elastic flat plate 3.

The washer 10 of the present invention configured as described above is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a boom 11 and a boom 11 rotatably attached to an upper revolving structure (not shown).
In an excavator 14 including an arm 12 rotatably attached to the arm 12 and a bucket 13 also rotatably attached to the arm 12, a gap 16 in a shaft connecting portion 15 between the boom 11 and the arm 12 that rotate relative to each other, and Applies to 17.

The gaps 16 and 17 in such a shaft connecting portion 15 generally have a width of 1 mm to 2 mm, and a lubricating oil such as grease was conventionally applied here, but if only grease is used, dust, Rainwater and the like infiltrated the shaft 18 and the bearing 19 composed of an iron bush from here, and accelerated the deterioration of the shaft 18 and the bearing 19. Further, if only grease is used, the boom 11 and the arm 12 easily contact and collide with each other in the gaps 16 and 17, thereby causing wear and noise.

However, when the washer 10 of the present invention is mounted in the gaps 16 and 17, direct contact and collision between the boom 11 and the arm 12 are avoided, and the enlarging portion 6 allows dust and rainwater to enter the gaps 16 and 17. Therefore, deterioration of the shaft connecting portion 15 can be reduced, and noise generation can be significantly reduced. The fiber layers 4 and 5 (these are not shown in FIG. 4 are not shown), and the washer 10 smoothly contacts the boom 11 and the arm 12 when the arm 12 rotates with respect to the boom 11. This ensures that the washer 10 is less damaged.

In addition, 20 is an oil seal and 21 is a hydraulic cylinder.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the washer 10 of the present invention has a notch 30 for mounting extending from the inner peripheral edge 1 to the outer peripheral edge 2, and the notch 30 is formed in the enlarged portions 6 on both sides of the notch 30. The through holes 31 and 32 may be provided to connect the enlarged portions 6 on both sides.

By providing the notch 30 in this manner, when the washer 10 is attached to the shaft connecting portion 15, the washer defined by the inner peripheral edge 1 is provided.
The central through hole 33 of 10 can be arranged on the shaft 18 through the notch 30, and the washer 10 can be formed into the gap 16 and the gap 18 without removing the shaft 18.
Can be attached to 17 parts. After mounting, a wire or the like is laid over the through holes 31 and 32 to prevent the washer 10 from falling off.

The connecting means for connecting the enlarged parts 6 on both sides of the notch 30 is
If the washer 10 has sufficient rigidity to prevent it from falling off,
No need to provide. Further, as the connecting means, the through hole 31
, 32 and the wire, but not limited to the notch 30, on both sides of the notch 30, for example, an engaging protrusion and an engaged recess or an engaged through hole are provided to form a connecting means, and the washer 10 is engaged by these engagements. You may make it prevent dropout.

Further, the cut may be two or more, for example,
Another notch 34 may be formed at the notch 30 and the target position,
In this case, connecting means corresponding to the notch 34, for example, a through hole
35 and 36 may be formed.

[Advantages of the Invention] According to the present invention as described above, since the annular elastic flat plate made of a rubber member and the low friction fiber layers provided on both side surfaces of the elastic flat plate are provided, In application to civil engineering machines and the like, refueling is not required so much, noise generation can be preferably reduced, and in addition, it can be used for a relatively long period of time.

Further, with the washer of the present invention in which the enlarging portion for sealing is formed in the vicinity of the annular outer peripheral edge, it is possible to reliably prevent dust, rainwater, and the like from entering the gap of the shaft connecting portion, and reduce deterioration of the shaft connecting portion. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and FIG.
Explanatory drawing of a shovel to which the washer of the present invention can be applied,
FIG. 5 is a detailed view of the shaft connecting portion of the shovel shown in FIG.
6 is a sectional view taken along line VV shown in FIG. 6 as another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 ... annular inner peripheral edge, 2 ... annular outer peripheral edge, 3 ... elastic flat plate, 4, 5 ... fibrous layer, 6 ... expanded portion, 10 ... washer.

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A washer for arranging between two members that rotate relative to each other in a shaft connecting portion of a civil engineering machine or the like, which is provided on an annular elastic flat plate made of a rubber member and both side surfaces of the elastic flat plate. Washer provided with a low friction fiber layer. 2. The washer according to claim 1, wherein the elastic flat plate is provided with an enlarging portion for sealing near the outer peripheral edge of the ring. 3. The washer according to claim 1, wherein the elastic flat plate is formed with a notch for attachment extending from an outer peripheral edge of the ring to an inner peripheral edge of the ring. 4. The washer according to claim 3, wherein the elastic flat plate is provided with connecting means on both sides of the cut for connecting the elastic flat plates on both sides of the cut. 5. The washer according to claim 1, wherein the fiber layer is a woven fabric layer. 6. The washer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fiber layer is a mixed woven fabric layer, at least one of which is a yarn containing fibers having a low friction property. 7. The washer according to claim 1, wherein the fiber layer is directly vulcanized and adhered to each of both side surfaces of the elastic flat plate.