JP2531946B2 - Deodorizing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial field of application> The present invention relates to a deodorizing method for eliminating a bad odor generated from a wastewater treatment facility.

<Prior Art> A large number of malodorous gases that cause putrid odors, ammonia odors, etc. are generated and discharged from the human waste and domestic wastewater introduced into a sewage treatment tank into the atmosphere. For this reason, sewage treatment facilities are generally constructed in the suburbs away from residential areas and downtown areas in consideration of residents' feelings. However, in this case, the sewer pipe for guiding human waste and domestic wastewater from the residential area to the sewage treatment facility becomes long and has a large diameter, and a great deal of labor is required for its construction work.

On the other hand, the recent development of sewage treatment technology has made it possible to make sewage meet environmental standards in sewage treatment facilities. Therefore, if it is possible to deodorize the gas that causes the bad odor, not only will the sewage treatment facility be built in a residential area, it will not worsen the residents' feelings, but also the sewer pipe will be shortened and the construction work will be easier. Becomes Conventionally, in order to deodorize such malodorous gas, after acid cleaning and alkali cleaning, the residual components are adsorbed on activated carbon, or the malodorous gas is introduced into the soil to be adsorbed to the soil and the microorganisms that survive in the soil. It is done by carrying out disassembly.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, none of the conventional methods can completely deodorize the malodorous gas generated in large quantities from the wastewater treatment facility, and the operation is troublesome.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a deodorizing method capable of completely eliminating the odor of malodorous gas with a simple operation.

<Means for Solving Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the present invention sends air containing malodorous gas generated from a sewage treatment tank to adsorbing means to adsorb malodorous components and gas passing through this adsorbing means. And the fuel are sent to an internal-combustion gas turbine generator to be mixed and burned at 800 ° C. or higher to decompose the residual malodorous gas component, and the deodorized exhaust gas is exhausted to the outside.

<Example> The present invention is to adsorb a malodorous gas generated from a sewage treatment tank and then supply the residual components to an internal combustion gas turbine generator as air for fuel combustion of the gas turbine generator.
The internal combustion gas turbine generator has a structure in which a jet engine used as a drive source for an aircraft, a ship, etc. is incorporated in a power generator to rotate the generator. This gas turbine generator can burn fuel at a high temperature of 800 ° C or higher. On the other hand, hydrogen sulfide, various phenols, mercaptans,
It contains gases such as ammonia. These malodorous gases maintain a stable state without being decomposed, oxidized or reduced at around 700 ° C, and even if supplied as combustion air for general incinerators and diesel engines, the malodorous substances can be removed. Can not. However, when supplied as combustion air for a jet engine (gas turbine generator) that emits high heat of 800 ° C or higher, it is decomposed to a single element or a state close to this when exposed to high temperature, It can be deodorized. Further, since it is indispensable to supply a large amount of combustion air to drive the internal combustion gas turbine generator, even if a large amount of odorous gas is generated from the wastewater treatment tank, all of them can be deodorized.
Furthermore, the electric power generated by driving the gas turbine generator can be supplied to various facilities such as nearby residential areas, gymnasiums, and movie theaters. Therefore, for example, if a sewage treatment facility is installed in the basement of a building and a gas turbine generator is installed in the same building, purification of sewage, deodorization of malodorous gas, and power generation can be performed simultaneously. As a result, sewage treatment facilities can be installed in residential areas, downtowns, etc.

As described above, basically, the malodorous gas is deodorized by supplying it to the gas turbine generator and thermally decomposing it, but in the present invention, it can be supplied to the adsorbing means before the supply to the gas turbine generator. Done. Activated carbon powder or reactive metal powder is selected as the adsorption means. The activated carbon powder absorbs and removes malodorous gas due to its chemical adsorption power.
On the other hand, the reactive metal powder removes the malodorous gas by reacting with and adsorbing the malodorous gas. The reactive metal selected is ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, or aluminum sulfate, and one or more of them are mixed and used. It is also possible to use the reactive metal powder and the activated carbon powder together. The air containing the malodorous gas generated from the sewage treatment tank first passes through such an adsorption means. By this passage, a certain kind of malodorous gas or a malodorous gas having a certain concentration is adsorbed and removed, and a lean state is obtained. Therefore, when the bad odor is no longer felt due to this adsorption, it is not necessary to supply it to the gas turbine generator, and it is possible to release it to the atmosphere as it is. On the other hand, even when a foul odor is felt, its concentration is low, and therefore it is exposed to high temperature by being supplied to the gas turbine generator, and is easily thermally decomposed into an odorless state.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of an underground portion thereof, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a power generation system. The building 1 is built in a residential area or a downtown area and constitutes various facilities such as a gymnasium, a movie theater, and a theater. The building 1 is composed of an above-ground portion and an underground portion, the above-mentioned various facilities are provided above the ground portion, and a treatment room 2 for treating wastewater and a power generation room 3 for generating electricity are provided in the underground portion. The treatment room 2 treats human waste, domestic wastewater, etc. discharged from the surrounding residential areas and downtown so that they meet environmental standards.
Various sewage treatment tanks are provided. This sewage treatment tank consists of a sand settling tank 4, an aeration tank 5, a settling tank 6, a nitrification tank 7, a dechamber tank 8, and a coagulating sedimentation tank 9. No.) is appropriately connected in the middle.
The sand settling tank 4 removes foreign matters such as soil, sand and paper in the wastewater flowing from the introduction pipe 10, and the aeration tank 5 performs aeration to settle sludge in the settling tank 6 following the aeration tank 5. Nitrification tank 7
Mainly oxidizes and decomposes ammonia, and removes and removes nitric oxide in the degassing tank 8, which reduces BOD, COD, SS of sewage and decomposes phosphorus compounds and nitrogen compounds, and meets environmental standard values. The sewage produced passes through the coagulating sedimentation tank 9 and the discharge pipe 11
Is discharged from the river to the river. It should be noted that such a series of sewage treatment tanks is arranged in a plurality of rows in the treatment chamber 2 so that it can be adapted even if the amount of sewage is large. The processing chamber 2 is separated from the above-ground portion, the power generation chamber, and other rooms by a concrete wall and a door, and the inside is maintained at a negative pressure. This negative pressure condition is maintained by the fan 12 in this embodiment. That is, an air supply duct 13 and an intake duct 14 are arranged in the processing chamber 2 so as to face each other above the wastewater treatment tank, and the fan 12 is attached to the intake duct 14. Therefore, when the fan 12 is driven, the inside of the processing chamber 2 is depressurized by the intake duct 14, and the outside air flows in from the air supply duct 13, but the exhaust amount and the inflow amount are adjusted by the valves 15 and 16 to make it negative. A pressure state is obtained. By isolating the processing chamber 2 from the other rooms of the building 1 and maintaining a negative pressure in the processing chamber 2 in this way, the air in the processing chamber 2 leaks from other parts except the intake duct 14. In addition, since the outside air flows in only one way even if the door of the treatment room 2 is opened, the offensive odor generated from the sewage treatment tank does not leak to the outside, especially various facilities on the ground, and gives an unpleasant feeling. Disappears.

Here, the intake duct 14 is an internal combustion gas turbine generator (hereinafter, simply referred to as a gas turbine generator) 17 described later.
And the air in the processing chamber 2, that is, the air containing the malodorous gas generated from the sewage treatment tanks 4,5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 is used as the fuel combustion air as described below.
It is a supply route to supply to 17.

An adsorbing means 48 is provided on the downstream side of the intake duct 14, near the fan 12 in this embodiment. The adsorbing means 48 is configured by filling the frame with activated carbon powder, reactive metal powder and the like, and the air containing the malodorous gas in the processing chamber 2 is first guided to the adsorbing means 48 to adsorb the malodorous components. By this adsorption, it is also possible to release the gas turbine generator 17 to the atmosphere as it is without guiding the gas turbine generator 17 when a bad smell is not felt in the surroundings. For this reason, in the present invention, the bypass passage 29 that connects the chimney 20 that performs exhaust gas and the intake duct 14 is provided, and the air in the processing chamber 2 is directly discharged from the chimney 20 by switching the three-way valve 47. Therefore, the air supply to the gas turbine generator 17 is performed by the adsorption means.
By the 48, the odorous gas is removed to a certain extent in a lean state, and the three-way valve 47 can be intermittently interrupted so that the gas turbine generator 17 is not adversely affected and the gas turbine generator 17 is protected. It is possible.

The power generation chamber 3 is separated by a concrete wall similarly to the processing chamber 2, a gas turbine generator 17 is provided inside, and lighting equipment for various facilities provided on the ground,
It is designed to supply electricity to various equipment such as air conditioners. This gas turbine generator 17 burns at a high temperature of 800 ° C or higher, and uses this high temperature to eliminate odors and effectively use thermal energy.
17 electric power is supplied to the building 1. Although the gas turbine generator 17 generates noise when it is driven, this noise is a high-frequency sound wave generated from the high-speed rotation of the gas turbine generator 17, so it is easily absorbed by the surrounding concrete wall and externally Never propagate to. Therefore, noise does not reach each facility of the building 1, and no noise obstacle occurs.

The electric power generated by the gas turbine generator 17 is supplied as a power source for electric appliances in the building 1. Building 1
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, each hall 41 is formed according to the purpose such as a gymnasium, a movie theater, a theater hall, and other facilities. A lighting device 42, a partition wall of a hall, a motor 43 which is a drive source of a moving bleacher, and an electric device such as a fan 44 for adjusting air in the hall, cooling and heating, and the like are provided. The building 1 is provided with a wiring 45 that connects these electric appliances 42, 43, 44 and the gas turbine generator 17 to each electric appliance 42, 43, 44.
Are connected to the gas turbine generator 17 individually or via a distribution board 46. Therefore, the gas turbine generator 17
Since the electric power can be supplied to these electric appliances 42, 43, 44 by driving, the commercial power supplied from the power plant only needs to make up for the shortage, and the operation of the building 1 can be made inexpensive. Further, in the case of a power failure, the gas turbine generator 17 can supply the minimum necessary amount of power, so that the safety of facilities such as a hospital can be ensured.

In FIG. 3, 19 is a fuel tank, 21 is a heat storage tank, 22 is an air conditioner, and 23 is a hot water supply tank. A gas passage 24 of the exhaust gas from the gas turbine generator 17 is branched into a first gas passage 25 connected to the heat exchanger 18 and a second gas passage 26 connected to the chimney 20, and the first gas passage 25 is connected to the first gas passage 25. After exiting the heat exchanger 18, the gas path 25
It is connected to the second gas path 26. Valves 27, 28 are provided in each gas passage 25, 26 to open / close the gas passage and adjust the flow rate, whereby the exhaust gas from the gas turbine generator 17 is mainly discharged from the first exhaust gas. It is guided from the gas line 25 to the heat exchanger 18, but directly from the second gas line 26 to the chimney 20.
It is also possible to be released into the atmosphere by being guided by.
Fuel such as heavy oil is supplied to the gas turbine generator 17 from the fuel tank 19, and the air for fuel combustion is supplied to the processing chamber 2
Supplied from The air in the processing chamber 2 contains malodorous gases such as hydrogen sulfide, phenol, mercaptan, and ammonia generated from various sewage treatment tanks. After the malodorous components are removed to some extent by the adsorbing means 48, the gas turbine is used. When they are exposed to a high temperature of 800 ° C. or higher in the generator 17, they are decomposed and deodorized.

The heat exchanger 18 receives the exhaust gas from the gas turbine generator 17, and heats water by the latent heat of the exhaust gas. This heating is performed at a temperature of approximately 80-85 ° C and at a temperature lower than that of hot water (approximately
It is carried out in two stages to obtain heat storage water of 55 to 65 ° C. 30 in the figure
Is a high-temperature circulation path through which high-temperature water circulates, and connects the high-temperature part 18a of the heat exchanger 18, the hot water supply tank 23, and the cooling / heating device 22 so that the high-temperature water circulates. Further, 31 is a heat storage circulation path through which the heat storage water circulates, and is connected between the heat storage part 18b of the heat exchanger 18 and the heat storage tank 21 so that the heat storage water circulates. Therefore, the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine generator 17 becomes a low temperature and is discharged from the chimney 20, the latent heat of the exhaust gas is converted into the heat energy of water, and the heat energy described below is effectively used. First, the high-temperature water is guided from the high-temperature circulation path 30 to the hot water supply tank 23 and the cooling / heating device 22. The hot water supply tank 23 supplies high-temperature water to the water supply, the shower equipment, the bath, etc., which are piped to the building 1. On the other hand, the building 1 is provided with an air conditioner 37 for air conditioning and heating / cooling of each hall.
Is provided. The air conditioner 22 uses a heat pump, for example, and drives each air conditioner 38 with high temperature water. Therefore, hot water from the heat exchanger 18 is used for hot water supply and cooling / heating, so that no power supply is required to drive them, and power can be saved. Next, the heat storage water stored in the heat storage tank 21 is applied to the floor heating of the building 1 through the pipe 39. For this reason, a plurality of pipelines 40 through which the stored heat flows are laid under the floor of the building 1, and when the stored water is supplied to the pipeline 40 by a pump (not shown) or the like, the entire floor becomes hot. It is heated and the floor is heated. As a result, the latent heat of the exhaust gas is used for floor heating, which enables effective use of heat energy. Such floor heating does not generate noise due to air flow unlike air conditioning and heating in which warm air is forcibly sent into the room. Therefore, it is particularly effective in the case where the building 1 is a facility such as a concert hall or a conference hall where noise is a concern because heating without noise interference is possible. It is also possible to supply hot water to a hot water pool or the like by increasing the amount of water stored in the heat storage tank 21 since the amount of heat storage water is higher than that of high temperature water.

Various modifications can be made in the present invention. The air in the processing chamber may be sucked by a pump as a means for making the processing chamber negative pressure. Further, the present invention is a combination of deodorization of the malodorous gas generated from the sewage treatment facility and power generation, and a heat exchanger or the like for effectively utilizing heat energy may be omitted. Further, if the adsorption means is provided on the upstream side of the gas turbine generator, it may be on the downstream side of the fan.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the present invention, since air containing malodorous gas from a wastewater treatment tank is adsorbed and then supplied as combustion air for a gas turbine generator, the malodorous gas can be completely deodorized. It becomes possible, and various facilities such as a gymnasium and a movie theater and a sewage treatment facility can be provided in one building. Further, since the odorous pollution is not generated from the sewage treatment facility, the sewage treatment facility can be installed in the residential area and its construction becomes easy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of an underground portion, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a power generation system. 1 …… Building, 2 …… Treatment room, 3 …… Power generation room, 4,5,6,7,8,9 …… Sewage treatment tank, 12 …… Fan, 13 …… Air supply duct, 14 …… Intake duct (supply path), 17 ... Gas turbine generator, 18 ... Heat exchanger, 20 ... Chimney, 21 ... Heat storage tank, 22 ... Air conditioner, 23 ... Hot water tank, 29 ... Bypass path , 30,31 ...... Circulation, 40 ...... Pipeline, 42, 43, 44 ...... Electrical appliances.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Agency reference number FI Technical indication F23J 15/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. Air containing malodorous gas generated from a sewage treatment tank is sent to adsorbing means to adsorb malodorous components, and the gas and fuel that have passed through this adsorbing means are sent to an internal combustion gas turbine generator for mixing. The deodorizing method is characterized by decomposing the malodorous gas components remaining after burning at 800 ° C or higher and discharging the deodorized exhaust gas to the outside.