JP2535964B2 - Chip removal mechanism for rolling tools - Google Patents

Description

Description: [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a rolling tool mainly used for flat surface machining of a work material such as a face milling machine.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, various shapes of tools have been proposed as rolling tools to be used for flat machining of work materials. Among them, face milling tools have less cutting resistance and are suitable for strong cutting. It is the most used because it is suitable.

This front milling tool has a cutter body that is rotated about its axis, a front cutting edge provided on the tip surface of this cutter body, and an outer circumferential cutting edge provided on the outer circumferential surface tip of the cutter body. It is a tool to have. Each of these cutting blades is generally made of cemented carbide, and most of them are attached by a throw-away type in which a cemented carbide tip equipped with each of the cutting blades is detachably fixed. As a conventional face milling tool, an example of a throw-away type face milling tool will be taken up, and this will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7.

In FIGS. 5 to 7, reference numeral 1 is a cutter body. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, this cutter body 1 is in the shape of a cylinder having a small diameter portion at one end, and the tip of the cutter body 1 has a tip open to the tip of the cutter body 1 and radially outward. A large number of mounting grooves 2 are formed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. Then, in this tip mounting groove 2, a throwaway tip (hereinafter, simply referred to as a tip) 3, a wedge member 4, and a clamp screw 5 are provided.
It is detachably fixed to a predetermined position by being pressed against one wall surface of the chip mounting groove 2 by the clamp mechanism 6 including.

As shown in FIG. 5, the tip 3 is a plate made of super-hard material which has a substantially square shape in a plan view, and is formed on one side protruding from the tip surface of the cutter body 1 when fixed at a predetermined position of the tip mounting groove 2. The front cutting edge 3a is provided, and the outer circumferential cutting edge 3b is provided on one side protruding to the tip of the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body 1.

Further, in front of the cutter body 1 in the direction of rotation of the tip 3, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a tip pocket opened to the tip of the cutter body 1 and radially outward and having an arc-shaped wall surface. 7 is provided. The chip pocket 7 is used to sequentially guide and discharge the chips generated by the cutting blades 3a and 3b to the outside of the cutter body 1, and the work material is a continuous flow type such as mild steel. If it is made of a material that easily produces chips,
It also has the role of rolling up the chips that are continuously generated.

On the other hand, the small diameter side of the cutter body 1 has an arbor 8
, And is integrally fixed via the rotation stop key 9. That is, by fitting the mounting hole 10 at the center of the small diameter side of the cutter body 1 into the shaft portion 8a of the arbor 8 and screwing the tightening bolt 11 from the end surface of the large diameter side into the end surface of the shaft portion 8b of the arbor 8, It is fixed coaxially with the arbor 8. Further, a taper shank 8b for fitting with a taper hole 12a of a machine tool spindle (hereinafter referred to as a spindle) 12 is provided on the opposite side of the shaft portion 8a of the arbor 8, and the tip of the taper shank 8b is provided. Although not shown, a female screw portion is formed on the. The female screw portion is for pulling up the arbor 8 in the axial direction of the main shaft 12 by a drawing bolt (not shown) in the main shaft 12 to firmly connect the front milling cutter and the main shaft 12.

Using the face milling tool having the above-described configuration, the following steps are performed to perform the surface machining of the workpiece W.

As shown in FIG. 5, first, the taper shank 8b of the arbor 8 is fitted into the taper hole 12a of the main shaft 12, and the arbor 8 is pulled up in the axial direction of the main shaft 12 by a drawing bolt to move the arbor 8 to the main shaft key 13 Through spindle 12
Then, the front milling cutter is mounted on the spindle 12. Next, the work material W is fixed on a machine table (not shown) so that the work surface thereof is orthogonal to the axis of the spindle 12. Then, the main spindle 12 is rotated around its axis, and the main spindle 12 or the machine table is moved in the axial direction of the main spindle 12 so that the work material W is
A predetermined cut is made on the surface, and the spindle 12 or the machine table is moved in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the spindle 12. Then, the surface portion of the work material W is successively cut by the front cutting edge 3a and the outer peripheral cutting edge 3b, and the flat surface processing is performed.

By the way, when the above-mentioned conventional face milling tool is used for the flat surface machining, the chips generated by the respective cutting blades 3a and 3b are successively discharged to the outside of the cutter body 1. It was a problem for the reason mentioned in.

First, the chips discharged to the outside of the cutter body 1
Scatter randomly on the surface of the work material W, on the machine, or around the machine. This not only deteriorates the working environment, but also these scattered chips may enter the sliding surface of the machine body or the like, resulting in a decrease in the accuracy and life of the machine.

When chips are deposited on the surface of the work material W, each cutting edge 3
Sometimes a and 3b bite in these chips, causing cutting edge damage and deterioration of the machined surface.

Further, since these chips are usually heated to a high temperature, the chips accumulated on the surface of the work material W or on the machine serve as a heat source to cause thermal deformation of the work material W or the machine, which may cause a decrease in machining accuracy. It was causing a decline.

In order to improve such a problem, a chip discharging mechanism for a cutting tool has been proposed in which a cover is attached to the outer periphery of the cutter body to suck chips. One example thereof is disclosed in US Pat. No. 2,944,465 (1960), which will be described with reference to FIG.

In the figure, the cutter body 30 is rotatable about its axis.
Is a motor case 3 whose tip (lower end) surface forms an annular shoulder 31a.
Connected to a drive motor (not shown) supported in 1,
It is held rotatably. A plurality of cutting blades 33 are attached to the tip surface of the cutter body 30, and a plurality of flexible vanes 38 are arranged on the outer periphery of the cutting blade 33 at predetermined angles in the radial direction. A cylindrical case 34 that surrounds the outer periphery of the base of the cutter body 30 is fixed to the annular shoulder 31a of the motor case 31, and the tip surface of the cylindrical case 34 is fixed to a large-diameter cylindrical cover 35. Is non-rotating, and surrounds a large-diameter portion on the tip side following the base end of the cutter body 30, and has an opening formed on the tip side.

A chip storage chamber 36 is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical cover 35 and the cutter body 30, and the chip storage chamber 36 communicates with one side of the cylindrical cover 35 to a connecting pipe 37 of the suction mechanism.

Then, when the work material W is rotationally cut by this tool, the chips generated by the cutting blade 33 are collected by the vane 38 and sucked into the chip storage chamber 36 in the cylindrical cover 35 by the suction force of the suction mechanism. And is discharged from the connecting pipe 37.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above-described chip discharging mechanism, since there is a considerable distance between the cutting blade 33 and the chip storage body 35,
The chips produced in 33 have the drawback that they are scattered around. Even if this is scraped by the vane 38, there is a drawback that it is not sufficiently guided into the chip storage body 35 and cannot be sucked, and the vane 38 is severely worn and the tip opening portion of the chip storage body 35 Since the gap between the tip of the cutter body 30 and the entire circumference of the cutter body is large, even if the suction force of the suction mechanism is increased, it is not possible to exert a suction function sufficient to guide chips and reliably suck them. There are also drawbacks.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can reliably discharge chips generated by a cutting edge in a predetermined direction without scattering them on the machined surface of a work material or around the machine. An object of the present invention is to provide a chip discharging mechanism for a rolling tool.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, in the chip discharging mechanism of the rolling tool according to the present invention, a cutting blade is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the tip of the cutter body that is rotated about the axis. A chip storage body that is provided and has a chip pocket formed on the front side in the rotational direction of the cutting blade, covers the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body, and has its tip open to the tip side of the cutter body. Is provided, a chip discharge space is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the chip storage body and the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body, and the communication portion connecting the chip discharge space and the suction mechanism is cut. In a chip discharging mechanism for a rolling tool provided in a chip storage body, a chip that forms a gap for guiding the chip between the chip pocket opening of the cutter body and the rake face of the cutting blade. With a guide provided In addition, the tip opening of the chip storage body is located in the region of the cutting blade of the cutter body.

[Operation] In the chip discharging mechanism of the rolling tool configured as described above, the chips generated by the cutting blade are forcibly guided into the chip pocket through the gap between the chip guide portion and the cutting blade rake face. Then, the chips are directly fed into the chip discharge space, and the suction force of the suction mechanism is applied to the gap from the chip discharge space to suck the chips. Furthermore, the suction mechanism sucks the chips to the outside of the chip container. Is discharged. Therefore, the chips generated by the cutting blade can be reliably discharged without being scattered on the surface of the work material or around the machine. In addition, the tip opening of the chip storage body is located in the area of the cutting edge of the cutter body, so that the suction force of the suction mechanism acts intensively on the gap between the chip guide part and the cutting edge rake face. Guidance and suction from the inside of the chip pocket to the chip discharge space become more reliable.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. In addition, in each drawing, FIG.
The same components as those in the figure are designated by the same reference numerals to simplify the description.

In FIGS. 1 to 3, reference numeral 1 is a cutter body. The cutter body 1 is a cylindrical body having a small diameter portion that extends further in the tip direction as compared with the conventional face milling tool described above, and a tip is attached to the outer periphery of the tip portion in the same manner as the conventional face milling tool described above. A large number of grooves 2 and chip pockets 7 are formed along the circumferential direction, and further, in the chip mounting groove 2, a chip 3 having a front cutting edge 3a and an outer peripheral cutting edge 3b, similar to the above-described conventional front milling cutter, A clamp mechanism 6 including a wedge member 4 and a clamp screw 5 is detachably fixed to a predetermined position.

Further, in the face milling tool of the present embodiment, chip guides for guiding and discharging chips generated by the cutting blades 3a and 3b to the chip discharge space described later are provided on the tip surface of the cutter body 1. A member 14 is embedded with its surface slightly retracted in the axial direction from the front cutting edge 3a and fixed by a countersunk screw 15.

As shown in FIG. 4, the chip guide member 14 is a plate member having the same number of hook-shaped pieces 14a (chip guide portions) as the chips 3 formed on the outer periphery thereof at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, The outer diameter is set to be slightly smaller than the turning diameter of the outer peripheral cutting edge 3b, and when fixed to the tip surface of the cutter body 1, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hook-shaped piece 14a The outer peripheral surface is located slightly retracted from the outer peripheral cutting edge 3b of the tip 3 to the inside of the cutter body 1 in the radial direction. Further, when the hook-shaped piece 14a is fixed to the cutter body 1, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the hook-shaped piece 14a covers the chip pocket 7 to close a chip discharge space described later, and A slight gap is created between the tip end surface 14b in the bending direction and the rake face of the chip 3 so that chips cut off from the surface of the work material by the respective cutting edges 3a, 3b are guided to the chip pocket 7. The shape is defined as described above. Then, at the tip portion of the hook-shaped piece 14a, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the bending direction of the hook-shaped piece 14a and the groove portion opened toward the mounting surface side of the chip guide member 14 are formed. 14c is formed, and the inside of the gap between the rake face of the tip 3 and the tip end face 14b in the bending direction of the hook-shaped piece 14a is enlarged to prevent clogging of chips passing through the gap. .

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, the cutter body 1 has a shaft portion of the arbor 8 similar to the conventional face milling tool.
By fitting the mounting hole 10 into 8a and screwing the tightening bolt 11 into the end face of the shaft portion 8b of the arbor 8 from the end face on the large diameter side, the arbor 8 and the rotation stopper key 9 are fixed coaxially and integrally. There is. A taper shank 8b for fitting with the taper hole 12a of the main shaft 12 is provided on the opposite side of the shaft portion 8a of the arbor 8, and the tip of the taper shank 8b is provided with a main shaft 12 although not shown. An internal thread portion for firmly connecting the face milling tool and the spindle 12 is formed by a drawing bolt (not shown) therein.

Further, a large diameter shaft portion 8c is formed at a rear end portion of the shaft portion 8a of the arbor 8, and a bearing 17 is fixed to the large diameter shaft 8c by a retaining ring 16,
A chip storage body 18 is fitted on the outer ring of 17. The chip storage body 18 is integrally coupled with a cover 19 fitted to the outer ring of the bearing 17 from the opposite side by a bolt 20 so as to be rotatable relative to the cutter body 1 coaxially.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the chip storage body 18 is a thin hollow cylindrical body that covers the cutter body 1 and the outer peripheral cutting edge 3b, and the inner diameter thereof is the same as that of the inner peripheral surface. It is set to such an extent that a chip discharge space 21 of a sufficient size for accommodating the generated chips is formed between the cutter body 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter part. The inner peripheral surface in the vicinity of the bearing 17 is narrowed to a size slightly larger than the small diameter portion of the cutter body 1 to enhance the airtightness of the chip discharge space 21 and to produce a dustproof effect on the bearing 17. I am letting you. Further, the tip surface of the chip storage body 18 is
It is located at a position slightly retracted in the axial direction from the portion of the outer peripheral cutting edge 3b of the tip 3 that is cut into the work material, and the inner peripheral surface of this tip portion is larger than the turning diameter of the outer peripheral cutting edge 3b. It is narrowed to a slightly larger size.

On the other hand, a suction mechanism 22 for sucking and discharging the chips in the chip discharge space 21 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the chip storage body 18. That is, the suction machine connecting pipe 23 is fitted in the through hole 18a formed in the outer peripheral surface of the chip storage body 18, one end of the duct hose 24 is fitted in the suction machine connecting pipe 23, and the other end is shown. By being connected to a suction device, the chips in the chip discharge space 21 can be sequentially sucked.

Using the face milling tool having the above-described configuration, the following steps are performed to perform the surface machining of the workpiece W.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, the taper shank 8b of the arbor 8 is fitted into the taper hole 12a of the main shaft 12,
The arbor 8 is pulled up in the axial direction of the main shaft 12 by the drawing bolt, and the arbor 8 is moved through the main shaft key 13 to the main shaft.
It is fixed to 12, and the face milling tool is attached to the spindle 12.

Next, the work material W is fixed on a machine table (not shown) so that the work surface thereof is orthogonal to the axis of the spindle 12. Then, the main shaft 12 is rotated around its axis, the main shaft 12 or the machine table is moved in the axial direction of the main shaft 12 to make a predetermined cut on the surface of the work W, and the main shaft 12 is operated while operating a suction machine (not shown). Alternatively, the machine table is moved in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the spindle 12.

Then, the chips peeled off from the surface of the work material W by the front cutting edge 3a form a gap between the rake face of the chip 3 and the end face of the hook-shaped piece 14a of the chip guide member 14 from the surface side of the chip guide member 14. It is guided to the portion and discharged into the chip pocket 7. Further, the chips peeled off from the surface of the work material W by the outer peripheral cutting edge 3b are separated from the outer peripheral side of the chip guide member 14 by the gap between the rake face of the chip 3 and the end face of the hook-shaped piece 14a of the chip guide member 14. It is guided to the portion and discharged into the chip pocket 7. Then, since new chips are successively discharged into the chip pocket 7, the chips are discharged into the chip discharge space 21.
Is pushed up to the suction device connecting pipe 22 through the through hole 18a.
Also, it is sucked into the suction device via the duct hose 23 and collected.

As described above, in the face milling tool of the present embodiment, the chips generated by the respective cutting edges 3a and 3b during machining are transferred to the chip discharge space 21 by the chip guide member 14 via the chip pocket 7. The suction mechanism 22 guided and sequentially sucked and discharged to the outside of the chip storage body 18 by the suction mechanism 22 connected to the chip storage body 18, so that the chips are deposited on the surface of the work material W, on the machine or on the machine. Does not scatter around. Therefore, the cutting edge is not damaged during machining and the machined surface is not deteriorated, there is no concern about the deterioration of accuracy due to the thermal deformation of the work material W or the machine, and the accuracy and life of the machine cannot be reduced due to the intrusion of chips. .

In the present embodiment, the throw-away type face milling tool was explained, but the rolling tool of the present invention is not limited to this, and an integrated type face milling tool in which a cemented carbide tip is brazed to the cutter body or It is also applicable to shell end mills. Further, the position of the suction machine connecting pipe 23 of the chip storage body 18 is most preferably a position where the chips generated by the cutting blades 3a and 3b are scattered by the centrifugal force of the cutter body 1. Further, the number of the chips is not limited to one, but the chip suction effect can be further enhanced by providing the chips in a plurality of places.

[Advantages of the Invention] As described above, according to the chip discharging mechanism of the rolling tool according to the present invention, the chips are removed from the gap between the chip guide portion and the cutting edge rake face by the chip pocket and the chips. It can be guided to the discharge space and reliably discharged by the suction mechanism. Moreover,
Since the tip opening of the chip storage body is located in the area of the cutting blade of the cutter body, the suction force of the suction mechanism concentrates on the gap between the chip guide part and the cutting blade rake face, and Guidance and suction from the inside of the chip pocket to the chip discharge space become more reliable, and suction and discharge can be sequentially performed outside the chip container. Therefore, the chip suction / discharge characteristic can be remarkably improved as compared with the conventional chip discharge mechanism of this type.

Therefore, the chips do not randomly scatter on the surface of the work material, on the machine, or around the machine, so that the working environment is not deteriorated and the accuracy and life of the machine are not reduced.

Further, since the chips are not piled up on the surface of the work material, there is no possibility of chipping of the cutting edge and chipping of the cutting edge or deterioration of the machined surface, and the chips serve as a heat source. The machining accuracy can be maintained without causing thermal deformation of the cutting material or the machine.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the tool, FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the tool, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a tool cutting edge portion, FIG. 4 is a plan view of a chip guiding member, and FIGS. FIG. 5 is a view showing an example of a conventional rolling tool, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the tool, FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the tool, FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a tool cutting edge portion, and FIG. 8 is It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the conventional chip discharge mechanism. 1 …… Cutter body, 3a …… Front cutting edge, 3b …… Outer circumferential cutting edge, 8 …… Arbor, 12 …… Machine spindle, 14 …… Chip guide member, 18 …… Chip storage body, 21 …… Chip discharge space,
22 …… Suction mechanism.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cutting blade is provided on an outer peripheral portion of a tip of a cutter body which is rotated about an axis, and
A chip pocket is formed on the front side in the rotation direction of the cutting blade, and a chip storage body of a substantially cylindrical shape is provided which covers the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body and whose tip is open to the tip side of the cutter body. A chip discharge space is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the chip storage body and the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body, and a communication portion connecting the chip discharge space and the suction mechanism is provided with the chip storage space. In the chip discharging mechanism of the rolling tool provided on the body, in the chip pocket of the cutter body, a chip guide portion that forms a gap for guiding chips between the cutting face and the rake face of the cutting blade is provided. A chip discharging mechanism for a cutting tool, wherein the chip discharging mechanism is provided and the tip opening of the chip storage body is located in a region of a cutting blade of the cutter body.