JP2539998B2 - Shape measuring instruments - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shape measuring machine.
For details, move the stylus provided at the tip of the measuring arm while contacting the surface of the object to be measured, and measure the contour shape of the object from the amount of swing of the measuring arm at that time. The present invention relates to a shape measuring machine capable of quickly positioning an object to be measured at an arbitrary measurement starting point.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a structure shown in FIG. 7 is known as a shape measuring machine for measuring the contour shape of an object to be measured.
In the figure, a column 2 is erected on a base 1.
An elevating member 3 is provided on the column 2 so as to be vertically movable (Z direction) via a feed screw shaft (not shown), and an oscillating member 4 is provided on the elevating member 3 so as to be orthogonal to the axis of the column 2. It is attached so that the angle (θ) can be adjusted around. Inside the swing member 4, a feed screw shaft 6 that is rotated by driving the motor 5A or rotating the operation handle 5B is provided. A housing 8 is suspended from and supported by the feed screw shaft 6 via a connecting member 7 such as a nut screwed to the feed screw shaft 6 so as to be movable in the left-right direction (X direction). A measurement arm 10 having a stylus 9 at its tip is swingably supported in the housing 8 in the vertical direction, and a differential transformer (not shown) for electrically detecting the swing amount of the measurement arm 10 is provided. It is provided. In addition, 2
A is an operation handle for moving the elevating member 3 up and down (Z direction).

In the measurement, the object to be measured W is placed on the base 1.
And the stylus 9 is positioned at the measurement start point of the object W to be measured. For this, the object to be measured W
The elevating member 3 is raised so that the stylus 9 is higher than the height of the measurement surface of (1), and in this state, the housing 8 is moved in the X direction by driving the motor 5A or rotating the operation handle 5B. Eventually, the stylus 9 becomes the measured object W.
When it is located right above the measurement start point of, the elevating member 3 is lowered to bring the stylus 9 into contact with the measurement start point of the object W to be measured. After that, when the motor 5A is driven, the housing 8 is moved in the X direction with the rotation of the feed screw shaft 6. Case 8
When is moved in the X direction, the stylus 9 is displaced up and down according to the unevenness of the surface contour shape of the object to be measured W, so that the measuring arm 10 is swung. As a result, the measuring arm 10
Since the amount of swing of the object is detected by a differential transformer (not shown), the contour shape of the object to be measured W can be measured from the amount of swing.

[0004]

However, in the structure of the conventional shape measuring machine, when the stylus 9 is positioned at the measurement starting point of the object to be measured W, the movement of the housing 8 in the X direction is driven by the motor 5A. Although the stylus 9 can be quickly positioned in the vicinity of the measurement start point of the object to be measured W, the stylus 9 can be moved by the inertia of the motor 5 or the like.
It becomes difficult to accurately position the measurement object W at the measurement start point. On the other hand, when the movement of the housing 8 in the X direction is performed by the rotation operation of the operation handle 5B, the stylus 9 can be accurately positioned at the measurement start point of the measured object W, but the rotation of the operation handle 5B. It has a drawback that it takes time to operate and efficient measurement cannot be performed.

In order to position the object to be measured W at the measurement starting point without damaging the stylus 9, prior to the movement of the casing 8 in the X direction, the stylus is moved from the height of the measuring surface of the object to be measured W. It is necessary to raise the lifting / lowering member 3 so that the height of the stylus 9 becomes higher. Moreover, after the stylus 9 is positioned right above the measurement starting point of the object W to be measured, the lifting / lowering member 3 is lowered to cover the stylus 9. Since it is necessary to bring the measurement object W into contact with the measurement start point, efficient measurement cannot be performed from this point as well.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks and to provide a shape measuring machine capable of quickly positioning an object to be measured at an arbitrary measurement starting point without damaging the stylus. To provide.

[0007]

Therefore, in the shape measuring machine of the present invention, a slider is movably supported by a base via a guide shaft, and a measuring instrument having a stylus at the tip of the slider is in contact with the surface of the object to be measured. In a shape measuring machine having an arm swingably supported and a detection means for detecting the swing of the measuring arm, a feed screw shaft is rotatably supported on the base in parallel with the guide shaft, and the slider is provided. Is provided with an engaging member that engages with the feed screw shaft and moves the slider along the guide shaft as the feed screw shaft rotates, and disengages the engaging member from the feed screw shaft. In addition, release means for swinging the measuring arm in a direction in which the stylus moves away from the surface of the object to be measured is provided.

[0008]

In the measurement, in order to position the stylus at the measurement starting point of the object to be measured, the releasing means disengages the engaging member from the feed screw shaft and the stylus moves away from the surface of the object to be measured. Swing the measuring arm to. Then, the engaging member is disengaged from the feed screw shaft, so that the slider can be manually moved along the guide shaft to quickly position the stylus at the measurement starting point of the measured object. You can At this time, since the stylus is also separated from the surface of the object to be measured, even if the slider is moved, the stylus is not caught by the unevenness of the object to be measured and damaged. After that, the operation of the releasing means is released. Then, the engaging member is engaged with the feed screw shaft, and the swing of the measuring arm brings the stylus into contact with the measurement starting point of the object to be measured.In this state, the measurement is performed while moving the slider. It can be carried out.

[0009]

Preferred embodiments of the shape measuring machine of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the shape measuring machine of this embodiment. In the figure, 1 is a base, 2 is a column having an operation handle 2A at the upper end, 3 is a lifting member, and 4 is a swinging member. A body case 11 is attached to the front surface of the swing member 4. The main body case 11 is provided with a measuring arm 12 having a stylus 13 at the tip on one end surface side, an operation handle 15 for moving the measuring arm 12 in the X direction on the other end surface side, and the measuring arm 12 on the front surface.
A stroke display section 17 for indicating the moving stroke position and operation knobs 18 and 19 are respectively provided. The operation knob 19 is a knob for adjusting the range of the movement stroke.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG.
III-III line sectional view of FIG. 4, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a main part. As shown in these figures, a sub guide shaft 22 and a main guide shaft 23 are vertically and parallelly supported in a main body case 11 via a base 21, and the operation handle is provided at a front position thereof. 1
A feed screw shaft 24, which is rotated by any one of the rotating operation of 5 and the driving of a motor (not shown), is supported in parallel with the guide shafts 22 and 23. A slider 25 is movably supported on the guide shafts 22 and 23. The slider 25 includes the guide shaft 22,
23 is a planar U-shaped first member 25 slidably provided on
A and a second member 25B fixed between the first member 25A and the second member 25B.

On the lower part of the second member 25B, the base end side of the measuring arm 12 is swingably supported in the vertical direction, and on the upper part, a differential transformer 26 constituting a detecting means is fixed. Has been done. A balance weight 27 is attached to the base end side of the measuring arm 12 in order to set a low contact pressure of the stylus 13 on the object to be measured. The differential transformer 26 includes the second member 25.
An outer cylinder 26A fixed to the upper part of B, a coil 26B fixed in the outer cylinder 26A, and a core 26C movably provided in the coil 26B in the axial direction of the guide shafts 22 and 23. It is configured. Core 26C
And the base end side of the measurement arm 12 (the portion closer to the balance weight 27 than the swing fulcrum) are the connecting members 28, 2.
They are connected by 9. Therefore, when the measuring arm 12 swings, the core 26C moves in the axial direction of the guide shafts 22 and 23 via the connecting members 29 and 28,
The swing amount of the measuring arm 12 is detected by the differential transformer 26.

An engaging member 31 that engages with the feed screw shaft 24 and moves the slider 25 along the guide shafts 22 and 23 as the feed screw shaft 24 rotates. And a releasing means 41 for releasing the engagement of the engaging member 31 with the feed screw shaft 24 and swinging the measuring arm 12 in a direction in which the stylus 13 moves away from the surface of the object W to be measured. Is provided. The engaging member 31 is the first member 24.
A half nut 33 is provided rotatably in the vertical direction via a bracket 32 and has a female thread portion 33A on the lower surface to be screwed from the upper side of the feed screw shaft 24, and is attached to the tip of the half nut 33. It is composed of an L-shaped contact member 34 having spring locking pieces 34A, 34A on both sides of the vertical surface. Between the spring locking pieces 34A, 34A and the spring receiving pin 36 of the bracket 35 protruding forward from the lower surface of the first member 25A in an L shape, the spring 3 is provided.
7 is stretched.

The releasing means 41 includes the bracket 35.
A rotary shaft 44 that is rotatably supported by the vertical piece of the feed screw shaft 24 at right angles to the axis of the feed screw shaft 24, and has the operation knob 18 at the tip, An eccentric cam 46 whose cam surface abuts on the abutting member 34 of the engaging member 31 and which has a pin 45 at an eccentric position.
And a lever 47 whose distal end faces the trajectory of the pin 45 of the eccentric cam 46 and whose proximal end is fixed to the connecting member 29. The lever 47 is an L-shaped first lever 4 fixed to the lower portion of the connecting member 29.
7A and a second lever 47B that is bent upward from the tip of the first lever 47A in an L-shape so that the tip of the second lever 47B faces the locus along which the pin 45 moves. It should be noted that the tip of the second lever 47B is arranged so as not to interfere with peripheral parts such as the rotating shaft 44 even if the measuring arm 12 swings during normal measurement.

Next, a method of using this embodiment will be described. In the measurement, first, the stylus 13 is positioned at the measurement start point of the object to be measured W. To do this, the operating knob 18 of the releasing means 41 is grasped and turned clockwise. Then, the eccentric cam 4
6, the engaging member 31 is rotated upward against the urging force of the spring 37, and the pin 45 contacts the lever 47. Further, when the operation knob 18 is rotated in the same direction, as shown in FIG. 6, the feed screw shaft 24 of the engaging member 31.
Is completely disengaged and the measuring arm 12
Is swung clockwise around the swing fulcrum in FIG.
That is, the measurement arm 12 is swung in the direction in which the stylus 13 moves away from the measurement surface of the object W to be measured. In this state, while holding the operation knob 18, the slider 25 is manually moved along the guide shafts 22 and 23 to position the stylus 13 right above the measurement starting point of the object W to be measured.

After that, the operating knob 18 of the releasing means 41
Contrary to the above, turn counterclockwise. Then, conversely to the above, the engaging member 31 is rotated downward by the urging force of the spring 37, and the pin 45 is rotated in a direction in which it is gradually separated from the lever 47. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the engaging member 31 is engaged with the feed screw shaft 24, and the measuring arm 12 is swung counterclockwise in FIG. 5 about the swing fulcrum. That is, the measurement arm 12 is swung in the direction in which the stylus 3 contacts the measurement surface of the object W to be measured. In this state, the contour shape of the object to be measured W is measured.

In the measurement, a motor (not shown) is driven. Then, the feed screw shaft 24 is rotated, and accordingly, the slider 25 is moved along the guide shafts 22 and 23 at a constant speed. When the slider 25 moves in the same direction, the stylus 3 is displaced up and down according to the unevenness of the surface contour shape of the object to be measured W, so that the measuring arm 12 is swung. As a result, since the swing amount of the measuring arm 12 is detected by the differential transformer 26, the surface contour shape or the like of the object to be measured W can be measured from the swing amount.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the guide shafts 22 and 23 and the feed screw shaft 24 are provided in parallel with each other, and the guide shafts 22 and 23 are provided with the measuring arm 12.
A slider 25 that oscillates is movably supported, engages with the feed screw shaft 24 with the slider 25, and the slider 25 is guided along the guide shafts 22 and 23 as the feed screw shaft 24 rotates. Engaging member 31 to move by
And the feed screw shaft 24 of the engaging member 31.
Since the stylus 13 swings the measuring arm 12 in the direction in which the stylus 13 moves away from the surface of the object W to be measured, the releasing means 41 is provided. When the measurement arm 12 is swung in the direction in which the stylus 13 moves away from the surface of the object to be measured W while releasing the engagement of the slider 25, the slider 25 can be manually positioned at an arbitrary measurement start point.

That is, since the engaging member 31 is disengaged from the feed screw shaft 24, the slider 25
Is manually moved along the guide shafts 22 and 23,
The stylus 13 can be positioned at the measurement start point of the object to be measured W. Therefore, the operator can be relieved from the complicated work of positioning the stylus caused by the inertia of the motor and the inefficient work of rotating the operating handle. Moreover, since the stylus 13 is also separated from the surface of the object to be measured W, even if the slider 25 is moved, the stylus 13 is not caught by the unevenness of the object to be measured or damaged.

When the operation of the releasing means 41 is released,
The engaging member 31 is engaged with the feed screw shaft 24, and the stylus 13 is moved by the swing of the measuring arm 12 to be measured W.
In this state, the surface contour shape of the object to be measured W can be immediately measured. During measurement, the slider 2 is driven by the motor.
Since 5 can be moved at a constant speed, highly accurate measurement can be performed.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and various improvements and design changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is possible. For example, the engagement member 3
No. 1 is not limited to the one using one half nut 33 described in the above embodiment, but two half nuts are used for the feed screw shaft 2.
4 may be arranged so that it can be opened and closed so as to be sandwiched from above and below or both sides, or a pair of pins that can be opened and closed so as to sandwich the feed screw shaft 24 and engage with the valley. But it's okay.

Further, the releasing means 41 is not limited to the structure described in the above-mentioned embodiment, but it can release the engagement of the engaging member 31 with the feed screw shaft 24 and simultaneously swing the measuring arm 12. Any one will do. Further, as for the guide shaft, as in the above embodiment, 2
The number of books is not limited and may be three or more. If the cross-sectional shape is not circular, it may be one.

In the above embodiment, the case where the contour shape of the object to be measured W is measured has been described. However, the shape measuring machine of the present invention is not limited to this, and the case where the surface roughness of the object to be measured is measured. Can also be applied to.

[0023]

As described above, according to the shape measuring instrument of the present invention, it is expected that the stylus can be quickly positioned at any measurement starting point without damaging the stylus.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a main part of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a state in which the engaging member is engaged with the feed screw shaft in the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a state in which the engagement of the engaging member with the feed screw shaft is released in the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a conventional shape measuring machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 12 Measuring Arm 13 Stylus 21 Base 22, 23 Guide Shaft 24 Feed Screw Shaft 25 Slider 26 Differential Transformer (Detecting Means) 31 Engaging Member 41 Releasing Means

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A slider is movably supported by a base via a guide shaft, and a measuring arm having a stylus in contact with the surface of an object to be measured is swingably supported at the tip of the slider. In a shape measuring machine provided with a detecting means for detecting swinging, a feed screw shaft is rotatably supported on the base in parallel with the guide shaft, and the feed screw shaft is engaged with the slider with respect to the feed screw shaft. An engaging member for moving the slider along the guide shaft as the shaft rotates is provided, and the engaging member is disengaged from the feed screw shaft and the stylus moves away from the surface of the object to be measured. A shape measuring machine characterized by comprising a releasing means for swinging the measuring arm.