JP2543815B2 - A method for determining the occurrence of a hit under a certain probability and a pachinko machine using this method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for determining the occurrence of a hit with a predetermined probability and a pachinko machine using this method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 4 shows the outer shape of a general pachinko machine. On the board surface 1 side, there are provided a top hole 2 for a winning hole into which balls are inserted from above, and a pair of windmills 3 and 4 for flipping balls. . Also, below the top hole 2, balls enter the top of the winning hole top side 5, sides 6, 7,
The slates 8 and 9, the outlet 10 for the falling ball, the upper tray 11 for receiving the balls and supplying the balls to the launching section, the handle 12 for firing the balls, and the lower tray 13 are provided. A large number of nails are struck at predetermined positions on the board surface 1, and a reel window 15 is provided below the ceiling 5. Three reel windows 15 are provided on the left, middle and right, and numbers 0 to 9 are independently displayed. Now, put the balls in the upper tray 11 and handle 12
When is turned, a ball is fired by a predetermined device. The ball rotates on the board 1 and hits a nail or the like to enter the top hole 2 or the like, or exit from the exit 10. Conventionally, in a game board of a pachinko machine, a pachinko ball goes out from a front side to a back side through a winning hole such as a top hole 2 or through an exit 10 of a detached ball.

Also, each time the handle 12 is turned, a ball is fired and the three reels 2 behind the reel window 15 shown in FIG.
0 is driven to rotate at the same time. Any prize hole, 2
When there is a ball in the same position, the spinning reels 20 are stopped independently. For example, when three numbers 7, 7, 7 are lined up on the reel window 15, a big hit is preset. The numbers preset in the determination circuit may be set to any numbers for all three, but for the sake of clarity, they are set to numbers 7, 7, 7, for example. The numbers 0 to 9 are displayed on the surface of each reel 20 on the left, middle, and right sides.
The middle and right reels 20 arbitrarily stop at independent angular positions. When each reel 20 stops, if 7, 7, 7 are aligned, it becomes a big hit, and the door of Tenyoko 5 is opened to make it easy for winning prizes to enter. I'm trying to spit out the ball on 11. The numbers on each reel window 15 are random as to what will come at the time of stop, and each number will stop independently on each reel window 15 with a certain probability. That is, the stop number is specified by looking at each number through the window of the physical space, which is a frame with a fixed width j.

However, since the cost is high with the above mechanical construction, recent pachinko machines use a different method to determine the big hit. As another method, every time the handle 12 is turned, the random numbers of the three groups are updated and independently generated, and when a ball is placed in the winning hole 2 etc., the random numbers are independently and simultaneously stopped. To do. If, for example, three numbers 7, 7, 7 are lined up in the latch circuit, it is preset as a jackpot. If the random numbers of each group at the time of stop are the specific 7, 7, 7, it will be a big hit. In each group, three groups of hexadecimal numbers are arranged in the following order regardless of order: 1: 7AFB F5F7 EBEE D7DC AFBB ... F713 2: F713 7AFB F5F7 EBEE D7DC AFBB ... F5F7 EBEE D7DC AFBB etc. are rotating at a predetermined cycle, the starting position is also irrelevant for each group, and the indicated value (number) of each group at that time is electronically passed through the time window when stopped. I try to read it. That is, a predetermined gate circuit is opened at the timing of stopping when entering a winning hole, an independent number of each group is held in a latch circuit, and these are compared by a comparison circuit to determine whether it is a big hit or a big hit. There is.

In such a method, for the player,
The numbers displayed on the reel window 15 for display are forcibly aligned to, for example, 7, 7, 7 by a predetermined drive circuit if the jackpot is hit, and if the numbers are out of alignment, the numbers are forcibly aligned by a predetermined drive circuit. In such a method, if the reel window 15 is not a mechanical cylindrical body but a digital display panel of an electronic device, the manufacture is easy and the cost is low.

[0006]

As described above, in the conventional pachinko machine and game machine, as a method of generating the winning probability, for example, in the case of one reel, a numerical value of 0 to 219 is circulated in a certain cycle to win the prize. Detects a ball entering the mouth. Select one number at that time (timing),
The hit is determined by comparing whether or not the number at that time is a preset hit value. In this case, the winning probability is 1/220. Therefore, there is a problem that a predetermined number of numerical values are circulated in a certain cycle, or this circulation depends on an internal clock, so that the numbers are not perfect random numbers but are unevenly distributed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for eliminating hit bias and determining a hit occurrence under a predetermined probability corresponding to a more complete random number, and a hit-free pachinko machine.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a predetermined decay constant λ and, in a radioactive substance that emits radiation and decays with time t, is a component of radiation α , Each of the β and γ rays is captured as a particle having a predetermined energy level,
The radiation distribution of these particles follows an exponential function, and for this exponential function, the probability that the number of particles radiated within a time interval h at an arbitrary time a is k is obtained from the exponential function. Paying attention to the point of following the probability Pk, the probability that a predetermined probability value is substituted in advance from the probability Pk that k particles are emitted in the time interval h is solved for the number of detections, and a natural number approximating this value is calculated. It is determined that the number of the particles is k, and the number of the particles detected within a predetermined time t is a predetermined k by a predetermined radiation detection device. I decided to do it.

[0008]

[Function] By measuring ionized ions such as air due to nuclides or particles emitted by the decay of radioactive material (RI) and using the probability of spontaneous decay of RI as the probability of occurrence of a pachinko machine Generate a natural langum hit probability. It is possible to eliminate the bias generated by creating the hit probability artificially (for example, software). Since a natural phenomenon is used, it is possible to obtain the probability of occurrence of a hit without artificial fraud, and to update the probability of occurrence of a hit fairly if necessary.

[0009]

The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figure 2
Is a diagram showing the principle of the method of determining the occurrence of hitting under a predetermined probability according to the present invention, a nuclide of a natural or artificial radioactive substance, radiates α, β, γ rays and spontaneously decays, at that time, It decays according to a predetermined decay constant unique to each substance. Emitted .alpha., .Beta. And .gamma. Rays are detected at predetermined time intervals. Now, let us focus on α rays. For example, with the Americum 241Am, A α rays (helium atoms) are emitted at a certain number of times (100 / second). However, even if A is released in a certain unit time, it is a natural phenomenon, so if B is released in a certain unit time, C
There are cases where individual pieces are released, and cases where no pieces are released at all, and the fact is that A pieces are released in a certain unit time only by measuring for a long time.

Here, by changing the way of thinking that A pieces are averagely emitted in a certain unit time, paying attention to the time interval of α rays emitted (detected) one after another, the α rays after the previous α rays are detected. The method of radiation is defined by the stochastic movement, that is, the probability distribution, which is a variable of the time until the emission of. It is known from empirical rules that the time variation at this time always follows a certain probability distribution according to a predetermined decay constant λ peculiar to each nuclide.
Such a probability distribution belongs to the theory of arrival in mathematical theory, and the state of α-ray decay at the radiation time interval t is represented by an exponential distribution as shown in FIG.

The function indicating this exponential distribution is F in equation (1).
(T) = a density function represented by λe {-λt}, and the following {} indicates an index. The average value is 1 / λ. This average value corresponds to the average value of the emission time intervals of one α ray, and therefore the number of α rays detected in a certain unit time is 1 /
1 / λ = λ. The decay constant of λ is completely known for existing nuclides from the data of Americum 241Am, known physical laws, and experimental techniques. In order to detect the emission of α rays, it is easier to detect the number of α rays emitted in a certain time zone than to measure the detection time interval. In the collapse of the americum 241Am, the emission time interval of one α-ray matches the exponential function F, so the number of α-rays emitted in a certain time zone may be detected.

A function F (t) = whose radiation distribution shows an exponential distribution
When λe {−λt} to (1) is followed, the number of α-rays that collapse in the section h, (a, a + h) at an arbitrary time a is k.
The probability Pk of being individual can be expressed by the following equation (2). Pk = e {−λt} (λh) {k} / k! (2) where k = 0, 1, 2, 3, ..., k! Is the factorial of k. This distribution is a Poisson distribution, irrespective of the starting point a of the time section, and its average value is λh. Therefore, the average number of α rays radiated in a unit time is λ when h = 1 hour. The equation (2) is solved for the number k to obtain the following equation (3). That is, k = G (e · Pk · λ · h) to (3). Here, e is the natural logarithm, λ is the decay constant of the americum 241Am, the probability Pk is, for example, 1/220, and h is appropriately set by the frequency f or 1 / f of the clock of the control circuit such as the CPU.

The probability Pk = 1/220 is a winning probability within a range defined by the pachinko machine industry and the law, and is an appropriate probability for inducing a moderate euphoria, not gambling and being a sound game. is there. The frequency f is the current CPU
Then, for example, since it is 20 MHz, h can be determined. Also,
k is the number of α-ray particles that can be detected by a predetermined detector. The inventor of the present application clarified the principle of random numbers based on the above-mentioned RI and created a method for determining the occurrence of a hit under a predetermined probability by applying the principle and a pachinko machine using this method. An apparatus using a method of determining the occurrence of a hit with a predetermined probability based on the above principle will be described below with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 1, the radioactive capsule 30 is, for example, an artificial radionuclide (substance, hereinafter referred to as RI) Amerisum 241Am that emits a small amount of α, β, γ rays that are harmless to the human body. The α, β and γ rays emitted from the radioactive capsule 30 are detected by the detection device 31.
The detection device 31 detects all the α, β, and γ rays from the Americum 241Am one by one without omission, and outputs a detection signal to the measurement device 32. The detection device 31 uses a known method in which air is ionized by α-decay of the americum 241Am of RI and the ions are promoted as a current. The measuring device 32 selects a predetermined radioactivity, α, β, or γ ray from the signals of all the radiated particles, and selects, for example, α ray selected within a set predetermined time h. Count. The measuring device 32 outputs the counted α rays (the number) and the like to the register 36. Register 3
In 6, the counted number of decay α (β, γ) rays is recorded for the set time h.

A predetermined time interval h is set by the setting circuit 33 in the measuring device 32, and the energy level of radioactive particles is set by the input device 45 such as a keyboard. Since the energy levels of α, β, and γ rays are different, the type of radiating particle is determined. Register 3
The comparison circuit 38 compares the cumulative value x of 6 and the fixed value k of the read-only memory ROM 37. The probability Pk = 1/220 is previously stored in the ROM 37 for the α (β, γ) ray.
A certain constant with a number k giving is recorded. When the value x and the fixed value k match, the comparison circuit 38 outputs a match signal p to the drive circuit 39. Upon receiving the coincidence signal p, the drive circuit 39 outputs the same code of 3 groups to the electronic display device 40. The electronic display device 40 receiving the same code displays the number of the same code. If there is no match signal p,
The drive circuit 39 outputs different codes and different numbers are displayed.

A database 41 relating to RI is connected to a computer 41 provided separately, and given a desired probability Pk and a frequency f of the CPU, the RI and each RI currently available.
The appropriate radioactive particle (corresponding to appropriate λ) and the specific number k are solved and output. Note that, for example, since the radiation number of α, β, and γ rays of the Americum 241Am is statistically high at 100 / sec, λ = ddd (ddd is a predetermined constant), and f = 20 Mz (20,000,000 / s
ec), h = 0.1 sec (seconds), Pk = 1/22
When 0 is set, the number k to be obtained is k = 32.

T = 0.1 is input to the setting circuit 33, and the input device 4
The α ray from 5 and the collapse multiplier λ = ddd are set respectively. The trigger circuit 3 generates a Trigger pulse from the sensor 35 that requires hit determination and receives the Trigger pulse to start the circuit 3.
In step 4, a start pulse is given to the setting circuit 33, and from that point in time t
= (0.1 sec), α (β, γ) rays are counted, and if the count value is k = 32, it is judged as a hit. Count value is k = 3
The probability of becoming 2 is 1/220, and when counting for a long period of time, it is guaranteed that one of 220 measurements will always generate a hit.

In FIG. 3, a general pachinko machine is shown in FIG.
The device 50 for determining the occurrence of a hit with a predetermined probability is built in, and a sensor 35 for sensing that a ball has passed through a winning hole such as the top hole 2 can be provided as a hit determination device. In the present invention, the method of generating the big hit of the pachinko machine by software is changed to the method of utilizing the physical phenomenon of generating radiation. Either α, β, or γ rays emitted from the naturally decaying nuclide is measured, and the number of measurements within a certain time is used as the probability of occurrence. That is, this hit determination device counts the RI for 0.1 seconds from the time when the ball enters the winning opening such as the hole 2, and its clock value is k.
= 32 is a big hit, and the reel window 15 has the number 7,
7, 7 are displayed, and 50 balls are discharged to the upper tray 11. Since the number of balls that pachinko machines fire is 100/60 seconds,
A high-speed person has an interval of 1.8 balls / second is about 0.6 seconds,
The time until the hit determination is 0.1 seconds is instantaneous and does not pose a problem.

In the case of another game machine in which the hit probability is a different value, the above set value, λ = ddd, or t = 0.1se.
c, Pk = 1/220, change α ray, etc. to other data,
By changing to the radioactive capsule 30 of another nuclide, a favorite hit probability can be set. In such a pachinko machine, the hit probability does not depend on the software or the mechanical structure, so the hit probability is constant at any time. For the player, the hit within the legal probability is secured, and for the store, there is less work to stop and change settings by consecutive chan,
Contribute to the spread of pachinko machines. Further, in the past, the software for determining the hit cannot prevent fraud, but since the present application uses a natural phenomenon, artificial fraud cannot be performed. In this example, α decay of americum 241Am was used as a nuclide that can be handled relatively easily, and air was ionized by α decay, and this ion was used as a current to promote it, but RI is anything else. Good. Further, the detection device 31 may be any device that can measure radiation such as a diode.

[0020]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, according to the method of determining the occurrence of a hit under a predetermined probability of the present invention and the pachinko machine using this method, the decay of RI which occurs as a random phenomenon in nature is used. Therefore, there is no bias due to manufacturing technology or change with time, and it is possible to create a fair hit probability at all times. Further, if the pachinko machines continue to hit, even if so-called consecutive chan occurs, the probability of hitting becomes constant for a long time such as a unit of one day, and the variation due to the pachinko machine base disappears. Further, in the past, it took a long time to decode the software written in the ROM of the pachinko machine in the completion inspection, but this application can be manufactured separately from the pachinko machine. Easy to handle, easy to verify, test and manufacture. This method can be applied to not only pachinko machines but also games using random numbers or random number generators.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a circuit showing an embodiment of an apparatus using the method for determining the occurrence of a hit with a certain probability according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of an exponential function showing a collapse phenomenon used in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an overall configuration diagram of a pachinko machine using a method of determining a hit occurrence under a predetermined probability according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a general pachinko machine.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a conventional reel structure for determining generation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 30 radioactive capsule 31 detection device 32 measuring device 33 setting circuit 34 starting circuit 35 sensor 36 register 37 ROM 38 comparison circuit 39 drive circuit 40 electronic display device 41 computer 42 database 45 input device

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method of determining the occurrence of hits under a predetermined probability, wherein a radioactive substance that emits and decays with radiation according to a predetermined decay constant λ, which is a component of radiation, α, For β and γ rays, each radiation is captured as a particle having a predetermined energy level,
The radiation distribution of these particles follows the exponential function of the following formula: F (t) = λe {−λt} where e is the natural logarithm, and {} represents the exponent of e, , A time interval h at an arbitrary time a
The number of particles radiated in (a, a + h) of
The probability Pk of being individual is Pk = e {−λt} (λh) {k} / k! Here, k = 0, 1, 2, 3, ..., K! = 1 ・ 2 ・ 3 ... k (factorial), {} represents an exponent, and the above equation Pk is solved for the number k, and the following equation, k = G ( e, Pk, λ, h), where the function G is a value obtained by substituting a predetermined real number for the above e, Pk, λ, h, and k is a natural number approximating this value. The number of the particles detected within the predetermined time h is determined by the radiation detection device of No. 1, and if the number of the particles is k, the hit is made under the probability. And a method of determining the occurrence of a hit under a predetermined probability. 2. A radioactive substance that emits radiation and decays with time t according to a predetermined decay constant λ. Each radiation has a predetermined energy level for α, β, and γ rays that are components of radiation. Captured as particles that
The radiation distribution of these particles follows the exponential function of the following formula: F (t) = λe {−λt} where e is the natural logarithm, and {} represents the exponent of e, , A time interval h at an arbitrary time a
The number of particles radiated in (a, a + h) of
The probability Pk of being individual is Pk = e {−λt} (λh) {k} / k! Here, k = 0, 1, 2, 3, ..., K! = 1 ・ 2 ・ 3 ... k (factorial), {} represents an exponent, and the above equation Pk is solved for the number k, and the following equation, k = G ( e, Pk, λ, h), where the function G is a value obtained by substituting a predetermined real number for the above e, Pk, λ, h, and k is a natural number approximating this value. The radiation detection device determines whether the number of the particles detected within a predetermined time h is a predetermined number k, and if the number is k, incorporates a device that hits under the probability. A pachinko machine that counts the number of the particles after a ball enters the winning hole and hits when the number is a predetermined value.