JP2559323B2 - Graft support - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention, for example, tomatoes, eggplants, cucumbers, melons and other fruits and vegetables, butts the rootstock and the scion at their graft junction ends, and grafts the scion on the rootstock. The present invention relates to a graft support for use in this case.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, a graft is an artificial graft of two plants to make them coexist, and a plant on the side called a rootstock is called a scion. , And a plant body attached to the rootstock.

In the conventional grafting process, the grafted joint ends of the rootstocks are butted against the grafted joint ends of the rootstock, and the jointed portion is supported from the outer peripheral side thereof.
Fix the scion on the rootstock. In such a conventional grafting process, elastic means supporting tubes, grafting pinches, and other supporting means are used as means for joining and supporting the scion on the rootstock.

Of these graft supporting means, the elastic support tube is a tube body made of rubber or plastic and has a notch extending from one end to the other end. At the time of use, insert the tube up to about half of it at the graft joining end of the rootstock. Next, insert the graft joining end of the scion into the tube attached to the rootstock as described above.
Fixedly supports the joined part.

On the other hand, the graft pinch is a spring-biased clip, and in the state where the rootstock and the scion are joined together, the part where the rootstock and the scion are joined is fixedly supported by being sandwiched from the outer periphery. To do.

[0006]

The elastic body supporting tube as the graft supporting means is useful in that it allows the cell-formed seedlings (plug seedlings) to be joined together in the assembled state of the connecting trays at the time of seedlings. However, on the other hand,
It is necessary to prepare many types of tube diameters that match the thickness of rootstocks and stalks, and to use these selectively. Furthermore, in the case of grafting tomatoes and eggplants, the internode length (length of epicotyl) between the cotyledon of the rootstock and the first true leaf is 10 m.
If the length is not more than m, the tube will become unstable and will fall off during work, or the joint will not be fixed properly, so the internode length between the cotyledon of the rootstock and the first true leaf is 10 mm or more. If it is not a seedling, it is difficult to graft. Therefore, grown seedlings with about 2.5 or more true leaves are preferable, and the number of cells in one tray is also preferably 100 or less, and it was difficult to perform grafting treatment in a densely planted state. Further, since this elastic body support tube may be left attached without being removed after grafting, it has been pointed out that a young stem shaft is pressed and growth is suppressed.

Furthermore, these clip-type graft pinches and elastic support tubes are relatively heavy relative to the size of the seedlings to be grafted, and the seedlings easily fall over due to the weight of these supporting means, and the rootstock There is a problem that the young plant tissue (cells) is pressed to apply external force from the outer peripheral surface of the part where the spruce and the scion are joined, and the growth is suppressed compared to a single plant that has not been grafted. .

Further, when using conventional graft supporting means,
Work takes a lot of time, and the success rate is
Not big.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the problems found in the conventional graft supporting means described above, and in particular,
The work for grafting is extremely easy, and it is suitable for improving work efficiency, and it can firmly bond the joint between the rootstock and the scion, which is difficult to achieve with the conventional grafting method. Grafting of seedlings can be facilitated without any hindrance to the subsequent growth or the grafting time can be shortened.
An object is to provide a graft support having a high success rate of graft.

[0010]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The graft support of the present invention is for grafting used when grafting a scion on a rootstock by abutting the grafting end of the scion with the grafting end of the rootstock. A support tool, which comprises a first rod-shaped portion that is inserted into the stem of the rootstock from a graft-jointing end of the rootstock, and is continuous in the axial direction with respect to the first rod-shaped portion, A rod-shaped member having a second rod-shaped portion that is inserted into the stem of the scion from the graft-joint end of the rod-shaped member, and the rod-shaped member contains a drug.

The graft support of the present invention also includes a rootstock.
Butt the grafted end of the scion to the grafted end
Graft support used when grafting a scion on a tree
And insert it into the stem of the rootstock from the graft joining end of the rootstock.
The first rod-shaped portion to be inserted and the first rod-shaped portion
On the other hand, it is continuous in the axial direction, and the graft connection of the above-mentioned scion
The second rod-shaped part that is inserted from the end into the stem of the scion
It consists of a rod-shaped member provided with the size of this rod-shaped member
0.1 to 0.5 mm, length 10 to 50
It is characterized by being mm.

A graft support according to claim 2, wherein:
The rod-shaped member can contain a drug.

The rod-shaped member is a porous plant hard fiber material, a porous plastic material, a porous metal material, a porous carbon material, a porous ceramic material, a porous glass material, or a composite material thereof. It is preferably composed of at least one selected from the group consisting of

The above-mentioned agents are water-soluble synthetic sizing agents and plant growth promoting agents.
It may be a promoter or an antibacterial agent.

[0015]

[Function] Since the first rod-shaped portion is inserted into the stem of the rootstock from the graft-joint end of the rootstock, the second rod-shaped portion is inserted into the stem of the scion from the graft-joint end of the rootstock. , The rootstock and the scion are firmly bonded via the graft support of the present invention. After the grafting process, the contained agent exudes and penetrates the rootstock and the scion.

When the rod-shaped member is porous, the adhesion between the surface of the graft support and the plant tissue (cells) in the stem of the rootstock or the scion increases, and the survival rate of the joint between the rootstock and the scion is increased. Will increase.

The size of the rod-shaped member is 0.1 to 0.1 in diameter.
0.5 mm, 10-50 mm in length
For example, grafting time is reduced and grafting success rate
Will increase. That is, if the rod-shaped member is too long or too thin,
If it is easy to break, the success rate of grafting is low,
Therefore, if the rod-shaped member is too short or too thick, it is difficult to handle.
It takes a lot of time and work, but the length and diameter are within the above range.
If so, it is difficult to break and easy to handle.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The graft support of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which a graft is grafted on a rootstock using the graft support of the present invention, and FIG. It is a schematic side view which shows the different form of the wood joining part. On the other hand, FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing some different examples of the graft support of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing some different examples of the cross-sectional shape thereof. It is a figure.

The graft support of the present invention basically comprises:
It comprises a rod-shaped member 1 having a first rod-shaped portion 2 and a second rod-shaped portion 3 which is integrally continuous with the first rod-shaped portion 2 in the axial direction thereof. This rod-shaped member 1 is a rootstock 1
1 and the stems of the scion 12,
It is necessary that the material does not suppress the growth of the grafted plant. For example, it is formed of a porous plant hard fiber material, a porous plastic material, a porous metal material, a porous carbon material, a porous ceramic material, a porous glass material, a composite material thereof, or the like. Bamboo etc. are mentioned as a porous plant hard fiber material. The porous carbon material is a material containing carbon as a main component such as graphite, graphite, and graphite. Further, the porous ceramics material is a ceramic material obtained by sintering clay or ore powder such as brick and ceramics, silica, alumina, zirconia, silicon carbide,
It is obtained by sintering fine ceramics material powder such as silicon nitride. Of these, porous carbon materials and porous ceramic materials are particularly preferable.

The rod-shaped member 1 has a diameter of about 0.1 to 0.5 mm and a length of 10 to 10.
It is about 50 mm. As shown in FIGS. 4A to 4D, the rod-shaped member 1 is a round rod 1 having a circular cross section.
A, a rectangular bar 1B having a quadrangular cross section, a triangular bar 1C having a triangular cross section, a hexagonal bar 1D having a hexagonal cross section, or a flat plate 1E as shown in FIG. Of the other shapes not shown, any shape may be used as long as it can be designed.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3B to 3D, in the rod-shaped member 1, the free ends 2a and 3a of the first rod-shaped portion 2 and the second rod-shaped portion 3 are formed in a sharpened shape. Then, the sharpened ends 4 and 5 are provided so that they can be easily inserted into the stems of the rootstock and the scion. On the other hand, the connecting portion of the first rod-shaped portion 2 and the second rod-shaped portion 3 in the rod-shaped member 1 is
It is preferable to be near the center of. As shown in (C) and (D) of FIG. 3, in the central connecting portion of the rod-shaped member 1,
When the rod-shaped member 1 is inserted into the graft joining end surface 11a of the rootstock 11, there is provided a deformable portion 6 suitable as a guide for the insertion length. The deformed portion 6 is partially enlarged in diameter (see FIG. 3C), partially flattened, or twisted (see FIG. 3D). Can be easily molded. Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, if the outer surface of the rod-shaped member 1 is formed into the rough surface 7, the fixing property after the rod-shaped member 1 is inserted into the stems of the rootstock 11 and the scion 12 Can be improved.

The agents to be contained in the rod-shaped member 1 include water-soluble synthetic pastes such as water-soluble cellulose ether synthetic pastes, plant growth promoters such as synthetic auxin agents and synthetic cytokinin agents, captan agents, benomyl agents, and antibiotics. Examples include antibacterial agents such as substance agents. The method of incorporating these agents into the rod-shaped member 1 is not particularly limited, and any method such as an impregnation method, a spray method or a coating method may be used. For example, the rod-shaped member may be dipped in a solution of the drug and then pulled up and dried.

The graft support of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure is used in accordance with the following procedure. First, as shown in (A) and (B) of FIG. 2, a graft-joining end surface 11a of about 0 to 60 ° is formed on the stem of the rootstock side plant with respect to the horizontal plane intersecting the stem axis. On the other hand, the graft 12 is prepared by forming the graft joining end surface 12a corresponding to the graft joining end surface 11a. Next, the first rod-shaped portion 2 of the rod-shaped member 1 is inserted into the graft joining end surface 11a of the rootstock 11 at the center of the cross section thereof. Rootstock 11
The insertion amount of the rod-shaped member 1 with respect to is visually observed in the deformed portion 6 of the rod-shaped member 1, so that the insertion operation can be performed extremely easily. After that, the scion 12 is inserted into the second rod-shaped portion 3 of the rod-shaped member 1 projecting above the graft joining end surface 11a of the rootstock 11 via the graft joining end surface 12a, and the graft joining end surface of the rootstock 11 is inserted. 11a,
The grafting end face 12a of the scion 12 is butted to complete the grafting process.

Next, using the graft support of the present invention,
The result of the actual grafting process will be described.

Each of the bar-shaped members of the graft support used was a round bar having a circular cross section and formed of a porous carbon material.

[Relationship between grafting method and survival rate] The rootstock is a tomato for rootstock (LS89, 1.8 true leaves) of cell-molded seedlings (1 tray, 128 cells), and the rootstock is tomato (Momotaro, As the true leaves (1.8 sheets), the grafting treatment was performed by beginners (Mr. A and Mr. B) using the graft support of the present invention and the all-agricultural elastic support tube (for comparison). The graft support of the present invention contained the serogen WSC and agrimycin. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0028]

[Table 1]

As is clear from Table 1, when the grafting support of the present invention is used, the survival rate is high even if a beginner performs grafting. In addition, since cell-molded seedlings grown in a tray of 100 cells or more can be used and the number of grafted seedlings per unit area can be increased, it is possible to grow a large number of seedlings with a small facility.

[Relationship between drug and survival rate] Rootstock (LS89) and Hotoki (Momotaro) having the growth rates shown in Table 2
Was grafted using the graft support containing the agents shown in Table 3. For comparison, grafting was also performed using a support containing no drug (untreated). In order to contain the drug, the serogen WSC (CMC manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) and the mixed drug were dissolved in demineralized water, and the rod-shaped member was immersed in this solution and then pulled up and naturally dried. . A tray having 128 cells was used.

[0031]

[Table 2]

[0032]

[Table 3]

As is clear from Table 3, by using the graft support of the present invention, even young seedlings with a low growth rate can be grafted with a high survival rate without spoilage. Therefore,
It is efficient because it can be grafted even in a densely planted state.

[Relationship between grafting method and working time] The rootstock was a tomato (Achilles, 2.2 true leaves) for rootstock of cell-molded seedlings (1 tray, 128 cells), and the rootstock was tomato (Momotaro, (For 2.2 true leaves), Mr. A and Mr. B performed grafting using the graft support of the present invention (containing the serogen WSC and agrimycin). Table 4 shows the working time at that time.

[0035]

[Table 4]

For the purpose of comparison, Table 5 shows the working time when grafting treatment was carried out at the Zenno Agricultural Research Center by using an allen type elastic support tube. The rootstock is a rootstock tomato (BF Okitsu 101), the earstock is a tomato (Momotaro), and three types of trays of 51 cells, 73 cells, and 96 cells are used, and the skill learner grafts 102 to 192 pieces. Processed. The numerical value is the average required time.

[0037]

[Table 5]

Since it is not a work under the same conditions, it is not possible to make a direct comparison, but in the whole farming system, 73 cells require 16.9 seconds / line and 96 cells require 19.1 seconds / line, whereas the present invention With 128 cells, it is 17.0 seconds / line. From this, it can be seen that the grafting support of the present invention has a high work efficiency even in a densely planted state where the number of cells is large.

[0039]

The graft support of the present invention is composed of a single rod-shaped member and has an extremely simple structure. Therefore, it is suitable for mass production and is economically extremely advantageous. .

Further, the graft support of the present invention is used by inserting the first rod-shaped portion into the rootstock and then inserting the scion into the second rod-shaped portion.
The work is easy. Therefore, anyone can easily carry out the grafting process without requiring a special technique for grafting as in the conventional case, and the work efficiency is high.

Further, the graft support of the present invention does not place an excessive burden on the joints during the growth process after the grafting process, and the joints can be reliably maintained. It works extremely effectively.

Furthermore, by using the graft graft support of the present invention, work can be performed even in a densely planted state, so that the number of seedlings per unit area can be increased and seedling cost can be reduced. Further, the size of the rod-shaped member is 0.
1 to 0.5 mm and length of 10 to 50 mm
To reduce grafting time and achieve high grafting success rate.
Can be

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which a scion is grafted on a rootstock according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view illustrating a grafting procedure using the embodiment of the present invention, showing a rooting portion and a scion joining portion.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... rod-shaped member 2 ... first rod-shaped portion 3 ... second rod-shaped portion 4 ... sharp end 5 ... sharp end 6 ... deformed portion 7 ... rough surface 11 ... rootstock 12 ... spikes Tree 11a …… Joint end face of rootstock 12a …… Joint end face of Houki

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A graft graft support used for grafting a scion on a rootstock by abutting the graft graft end on the rootstock, wherein the graft graft end is on the rootstock. A first rod-shaped portion that is inserted into the stem of the rootstock from the stem, and is continuous in the axial direction with respect to the first rod-shaped portion, and is inserted into the stem of the spikelet from the graft-joining end of the stem. And a second rod-shaped portion which is formed into a rod-shaped member, and the rod-shaped member contains a drug. 2. The graft joining of the scion at the graft joining end of the rootstock
Used when buttting the ends and grafting the scion on the rootstock
A graft support, which is inserted into the root of the root of the root of the root of the root.
A first rod-shaped portion, and an axis of the first rod-shaped portion with respect to the first rod-shaped portion.
Are continuous in the direction, and the scion from the junction end of the scion
Rod with a second rod that is inserted into the stem of
The size of this rod-shaped member is
0.1-0.5 mm, 10-50 mm in length
A graft support that is characterized in that 3. The rod-shaped member contains a drug.
The graft support according to claim 2, which is a characteristic of the graft support. 4. The rod-shaped member is a porous plant hard fiber material, a porous plastic material, a porous metal material, a porous carbon material, a porous ceramic material, a porous glass material, and those materials. The graft support according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of composite materials. 5. The drug is a water-soluble synthetic sizing agent.
The graft support according to 1, 3, or 4. 6. The agent is a plant growth promoter.
The graft support according to 1, 3, or 4. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drug is an antibacterial agent.
Or a graft support according to item 4.