JP2560157B2 - Load factor detector for garbage trucks - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dust collecting vehicle in which a packer having a pushing plate which is cycled by a hydraulic drive source is provided at a rear portion of a dust storage box so as to be able to move up and down, and particularly to a dust collection vehicle in the storage box. The present invention relates to a device for detecting a loading rate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a dust collecting vehicle in which dust is compressed by a packer having a pushing plate which is cycled to be loaded inside a storage box is well known (for example, JP-A 1-271304). reference).

[0003]

By the way, in order to know the amount of dust loaded inside the storage box in a conventional dust collection vehicle, an operator visually checks the inside through a peep window provided on the side surface of the storage box. Although a method has been adopted, it is difficult to correctly know the load amount of dust with such a method, and the load amount may exceed the specified value.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a loading rate detection device for a garbage collection vehicle that can automatically detect the loading rate of dust.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a dust collecting apparatus comprising a packer provided with a pushing plate which is cycled by a hydraulic drive source, which is provided at a rear portion of a dust storing box so as to be vertically movable. A loading ratio detection device for a vehicle,
A means for detecting the number of effective cycle movements in which the pushing plate pushes the dust into the storage box, a means for detecting the relief time of the hydraulic pressure acting on the hydraulic drive source, and the effective cycle movement when the load of the dust is below the reference value. The first feature is that it is provided with a load factor calculation means for calculating the load factor of the dust from the number of times and for calculating the load factor of the dust from the relief time when the load amount of the dust is equal to or larger than a reference value.

In addition to the above-mentioned first feature, the present invention also provides:
A second feature is that the parameter used for calculation in the load factor calculation means is changed according to the type of dust.

In addition to the above-mentioned first feature, the present invention also provides:
A third feature is that the loading rate is reset to zero when the packer rises.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, a hinge pin 2 is provided at the upper end of the rear portion of the dust container 1 placed on the vehicle frame of the dust truck.
The packer 3 is rotatably connected by, and the opening 4 formed in the packer 3 communicates with the inside of the storage box 1 when the packer 3 is lowered and joined to the storage box 1. The packer 3 has a charging port 5 formed at a rear portion thereof, and an arcuate compression surface 6 recessed downward at a bottom portion continuing from the charging port 5 and the opening that rises obliquely upward toward the storage box 1. A guide surface 7 continuous with the part 4 is formed.

The packer 3 accommodates a dust disposal device which compresses dust and pushes it into the storage box 1. The device will be described in detail below.

A guide groove 8 is formed on both side walls of the packer 3 from the upper front side toward the lower rear side. The guide groove 8 has a pair of left and right sliders 1 having a pair of guide rollers 9a and 9b.
0 is slidably supported. A push plate 11 is pivotally supported by a pivot 12 between the lower ends of the sliders 10,
Both ends of a push-in plate cylinder 13 for swinging the push-in plate 11 in the forward rotation direction and the reverse rotation direction are pivotally supported at the upper end of the bracket 11a protruding from the back portion and the slider 10. Both ends of a slide cylinder 14 for vertically moving the slider 10 along the guide groove 8 are pivotally supported between the slider 10 and the lower end of the packer 3.

Therefore, by sequence-controlling the slide cylinder 14 and the push plate cylinder 13,
As shown by the chain line in FIG. 1, the inversion process A, 1
It is possible to perform a cycle motion consisting of four strokes of the next press stroke B, the secondary press stroke C, and the pushing stroke D.

2 to 4 show a cycle motion device for causing the pushing plate 11 to perform the cycle motion.

In FIG. 2, a hydraulic pump 17 is connected to a rotary shaft 16 of a power take-out device 15 connected to a running engine of a dust collecting vehicle, and hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 17 causes the hydraulic pump 17 to operate as shown in FIG. The cycle motion device 18 shown in FIG.

Next, the structure of the cycle motion device 18 will be described with reference to FIG. The discharge pipe 19 of the hydraulic pump 17 is connected to the control valve 20a, and further connected to another control valve 20b via the communication pipe 19a. The control valve 20a has conduits 21 and 22.
Is connected to the rod side chamber 23 and the piston side chamber 24 of the sliding cylinder 14 via the control valve 20b.
5, the rod side chamber 2 of the cylinder 13 for the pushing plate
7 and the piston side chamber 28. The control valve 20a includes a solenoid S ₂ for switching it to the left and right,
S ₄ is connected to the control valve 20b, and solenoids S ₁ and S ₃ for switching the control valve 20b to the left and right are connected,
These solenoids S _{1 to} S ₄ are control devices 29 described later.
According to a fixed cycle, the control valves 20a, 2
0b is switched and controlled, and the slide cylinder 14 and the push plate cylinder 13 are operated.

As shown in FIG. 2, an inverted L-shaped proximity plate 30 is fixed to the driving rotary shaft 16 of the hydraulic pump 17, and the proximity plate 30 is located above and adjacent to the proximity plate 30. The sensing device 31 is arranged at a position for obtaining. Rotating shaft 16
When the proximity plate 30 approaches the sensing device 31 due to the rotation of, the high frequency transmitted from the sensing device 31 is changed, and the rotation speed of the hydraulic pump 17 is extracted as a high frequency signal.

The control device 29 of the cycle motion device 18 which receives the high frequency signal transmitted from the sensing device 31 measures the actual rotational speed of the hydraulic pump 17 and compares this measured rotational speed value with a preset rotational speed value. Then, when the rotational speed of the hydraulic pump 17 matches the set rotational speed, the control valves 20a and 20b of the cycle motion device 18 are changed each time.
It is designed to switch.

FIG. 4 shows the details of the control device 29, which comprises a counting circuit L, an output circuit group N, and an output holding circuit group M. The counting circuit L receives the high frequency signal transmitted from the sensing device 31 and measures the rotation speed of the hydraulic pump 17 by the binary method. The output circuit group N is configured by arranging six output circuits N1 to N6 in parallel, and when the actually measured rotation value of the hydraulic pump 17 measured by the counting circuit L reaches a preset set rotation value, an output described later is output. Outputs to the holding circuit group M. Further, the output holding circuit group M is configured by arranging four output holding circuits M1 to M4 in parallel, receives an output transmitted from the output circuit group N, and switches the control valves 20a and 20b. controls the operation of the solenoids S consisting of four solenoid S ₁ to S ₄ for, retaining the solenoids S energized, or it like the non-energized state, and repeats the action thereafter. The output circuit group N and the output holding circuit group M are connected by transmission lines a to j as shown in FIG. 4, of which the transmission lines a to e energize the solenoid group S and the transmission lines f to j are solenoids. It acts to switch the group S to the non-energized state.

The output circuit N6 of the output circuit group N is
It is connected to the counting circuit L by the transmission line k, and when the actually measured rotation number reaches the maximum value of the set rotation number, the output transmitted from the output circuit N6 is given to the counting circuit L and measured by the counting circuit L. To zero.

As shown in FIG. 3, the cycle exercising device 18 includes a loading rate detecting device 32 for calculating and displaying the loading rate of dust in the storage box 1.

The loading rate detection device 32 includes the control device 2
9 receives the operation signal of the solenoid S ₄ output to the control valve 20a and the operation signal of the solenoid S ₃ output to the control valve 20b, and the discharge pipe 1 of the hydraulic pump 17
The output signal of the pressure sensor 33 provided at 9 is input. The stacking rate detection device 32 includes a reset switch 34 that operates when the packer 3 is raised around the hinge pin 2 in order to discharge dust inside the storage box 1, and the dust to be loaded is raw dust, coarse dust, and sorting. A dust type switch 35 operated by an operator depending on which is dust is connected.
Further, the loading rate detection device 32 includes a secondary press counter 38 that detects that the secondary press stroke has been executed, a dust counter 39 that detects that dust has been introduced into the packer 3, and a pushing stroke. There is provided a push-in counter 40 for detecting the execution of the above, and a relief counter 41 for detecting the time during which the hydraulic pressure acting on the slide cylinder 14 reaches the relief pressure in this push-in stroke. The secondary press counter 38, the dust counter 39, the push-in counter 40, and the relief counter 41 are 0.0
The number of clock pulses output continuously at 5 second intervals is counted. The loading rate detection device 32 also includes a loading counter 42 that counts the number of effective cycle movements of the pushing plate 11. Then, the loading rate detection device 32 uses the counters 38
The storage box 1 is provided with a loading rate calculation means 43 for calculating the loading rate of dust based on the output signals of
Indicator 3 consisting of LED array for the dust loading state
6 and is announced by the voice generator 37. The indicator 36 displays the loading rate of dust in the storage box 1 in units of 5% from 0% to 100%.

Next, the operation of the above-described cycle motion device will be described.
In addition to FIGS. 1 to 4, the time chart of FIG. 5 and FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 1 shows a state in which the pushing plate 11 has finished the pushing stroke D, the slide cylinder 14 extends and the slider 10 is located at the upper end of the guide groove 8, and the push plate cylinder 13 also. The push plate 11 is extended and is in the state of being rotated in the largest direction in the direction of the storage box 1.

When the power take-out device 15 starts driving the hydraulic pump 17 via the rotary shaft 16 in this state, the operation of the hydraulic pump 17 enters a steady state until the number of rotations reaches three, and the hydraulic pump 17 is operated at a predetermined pressure. Discharge hydraulic oil. FIG.
When the counting circuit L measures three revolutions of the hydraulic pump 17, the output signal is transmitted from the output circuit N1 and is received by the output holding circuit M1 via the transmission line a. Then, the output holding circuit M1 switches the control valve 20b to the left by energizing the solenoid S _1, supplies the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump 17 to the rod side chamber 27 of the pushing plate cylinder 13 as shown in FIG. Then, the pushing plate cylinder 13 contracts, whereby the pushing plate 11 is inverted in the direction away from the storage box 1 and becomes horizontal (inversion step A). In this state, dust is thrown into the packer 3 through the throwing port 5.

When the hydraulic pump 17 continues to rotate and the value measured by the counting circuit L reaches 28 rotations, an output signal is sent from the output circuit N2 this time.
It is received by the output holding circuits M1 and M2 via b, the output holding circuit M1 cuts off the energization of the solenoid S ₁ , and the output holding circuit M2 energizes the solenoid S ₂ so that the control valve 20a is turned to the left and the control valve 20a is turned to the left. Switch 20b to the center. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump 17 is supplied to the rod side chamber 23 of the sliding cylinder 14, whereby the sliding cylinder 14 contracts and the slider 10 is integrated with the pushing plate 11 into the guide groove. Move downward along 8 (primary press stroke B). In this process, the dust thrown into the packer 3 is sandwiched between the pushing plate 11 and the compression surface 6 and compressed from above, and the volume thereof is reduced.

When the rotation of the hydraulic pump 17 is further continued and the value measured by the counting circuit L reaches 65 rotations, an output signal is transmitted from the output circuit N3 this time, and this signal is transmitted through the transmission lines g and c. is received in the output holding circuit M2 and M3, the output holding circuit M2, together with cut off power supply to the solenoid S _2, the output holding circuit M3 is energized to the solenoid S _3, the control valve 20a in the center, the right control valve 20b Switch. Then, as shown in FIG. 8, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump 17 is supplied to the piston side chamber 28 of the push plate cylinder 13, whereby the push plate cylinder 13 is extended to bring the push plate 11 into a substantially vertical state. Up to the direction of the storage box 1 (secondary press stroke C). In this process, the dust that has been compressed in the previous process is further compressed and is guided to the guide surface 7
It is pressed to the side. Then, at the end of this stroke, the pushing plate cylinder 13 is set to extend to the intermediate position of the entire stroke.

When the number measured by the counting circuit L reaches 101 revolutions, an output signal is transmitted from the output circuit N4 this time, and this signal is output through the transmission lines h and d to the output holding circuit M3.
And is received in M4, the output holding circuit M3 together with cut off energization of the solenoid S _3, the output holding circuit M4 is energized to the solenoid S _4, the control valve 20b in the center, the control valve 2
Switch 0a to the right. Then, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump 17 is supplied to the piston side chamber 24 of the sliding cylinder 14 as shown in FIG. 9, whereby the sliding cylinder 14 expands and the slider 10 is integrated with the pushing plate 11 into the guide groove 8. And move it upwards (push stroke D). During this process, dust inside the packer 3 is pushed into the pushing plate 1.
It is pushed up along the guide surface 7 by 1 and fed into the accommodation box 1 through the opening 4. Then, in the latter half of the pushing stroke D, when the numerical value measured by the counting circuit L reaches 165 rotations when the tip of the pushing plate 11 exceeds the upper end of the guide surface 7, an output signal is transmitted from the output circuit N5 this time. Is
This signal is received in the output holding circuit M3 again via the outgoing line e, the output holding circuit M3 is energized to the solenoid S _3,
The control valve 20b is switched to the right. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the return oil from the slide cylinder 14 is supplied to the piston side chamber 28 of the push plate cylinder 13, and at the same time when the slide cylinder 14 extends, the push plate cylinder 13 is extended.
Grows. As a result, the push-in plate 11 rises, passes over the guide surface, and further rotates in the normal direction toward the storage box 1, so that the dust is forcedly pushed into the storage box 1.

The value measured by the counting circuit L is 18
When reaching 0 revolutions, an output signal is transmitted from the output circuit N6, and this signal is output via the transmission lines j and i to the output holding circuit M3.
And M4 is received, the output holding circuit M3, M4 are cut off the power supply to the solenoid S _3, S _4, two control valves 20b, 2
All of 0a can be switched to the center. At the same time, the output signal sent from the output circuit N6 to the counting circuit L via the transmission line k resets the value measured by the counting circuit L to zero and then stops the hydraulic pump 17 once. The cycle exercise of ends.

Next, referring to FIG.
This will be described based on the flowcharts of FIGS. 1 to 13 and the time charts of FIGS. 14 and 15.

When the packer 3 is in the closed position where it can be moved down (step 1) and the solenoid S ₃ (secondary press solenoid) is on (step 2), that is, as shown in FIG. When the pushing plate cylinder 13 is in the secondary press stroke in which the pushing plate cylinder 13 extends to normally rotate the pushing plate 11,
It is determined whether the hydraulic pressure detected by the pressure sensor 33 exceeds 50 kg / cm ² (step 3). If dust is present in the packer 3 and the hydraulic pressure exceeds 50 kg / cm ² , a clock pulse is generated. The counter 39 with dust is incremented each time is output (step 4), and the counter 39 with dust is incremented when the hydraulic pressure becomes 50 kg / cm ² or less.
Are reset to zero (step 5). When the count number of the dust counter 39 exceeds 4 (0.2 seconds), it is determined that dust exists in the packer 3 (step 6), and the dust counter 39 is reset to zero (step 7). The presence flag is set (step 8).

Further, in the secondary press stroke, the secondary press counter 38 is incremented every time a clock pulse is output (step 9), and the count number of the secondary press counter 38 becomes 32 (1.6 seconds). When it exceeds, it is judged that the second press stroke has been executed (step 10),
The secondary press counter 38 is reset to zero (step 11), and the secondary pressed flag is set (step 12).

The above will be described with reference to the time chart of FIG. 14. Solenoid S ₃ (secondary press solenoid)
When is turned on and the pushing plate cylinder 13 is activated, the secondary press counter 38 is started, and when the count number exceeds 32, it is determined that the secondary press stroke has been executed, and the secondary pressed flag is set. When the oil pressure exceeds 50 kg / cm ² during the secondary press stroke, the dust counter 39 starts, and when the count exceeds 4, the dust flag is set.

Now, after the dust is compressed in the secondary press stroke, the process shifts to the pushing stroke (steps 2, 13, 14,
15) When the solenoid S ₄ (pressing solenoid) is turned on (step 16), it is determined whether the hydraulic pressure detected by the pressure sensor 33 exceeds the relief pressure of 150 kg / cm ² (step 17). When the hydraulic pressure exceeds the relief pressure, the relief counter 41 is incremented each time a clock pulse is output (step 18),
When the pressure falls below the relief pressure, the relief counter 41 is reset to zero (step 19).

Further, in the pushing stroke, the pushing counter 40 is incremented each time a clock pulse is output (step 20), and the pushing stroke is executed when the count number of the pushing counter 40 exceeds 75 (3.75 seconds). It is determined that the pressing has been performed (step 21), the push-in counter 40 is reset to zero (step 22), and the push-in completed flag is set (step 23).

Explaining the above with reference to the time chart of FIG. 15, when the solenoid S ₄ (push solenoid) is turned on and the slide cylinder 14 is operated, the push counter 40 is started, and when the count number exceeds 75. It is determined that the pushing stroke has been executed, and the pushing flag is set. When the hydraulic pressure exceeds the relief pressure of 150 kg / cm ² during the pushing stroke, the relief counter 41
Will start. Relief counter 4
The count of 1 continues until the push-completed flag is set, that is, until the count number of the push-in counter 40 reaches 75.

As described above, when the push-in flag is set in step 15, the loading counter 42 is incremented (step 24) and the loading rate of the storage box 1 is calculated by the method described in detail later. (Step 25).
Next, reset the indented flag and the relief counter 41.
After resetting the secondary press counter 38 to all zeros (steps 26, 27, 28), the current loading rate is displayed in percent on the indicator 36 (step 29). When the loading rate reaches 90% and 100%, the voice generator 37 announces that and calls the operator's attention. If the dust flag is not set in step 14, the secondary pressed flag is reset to zero in step 30.

When the packer 3 is opened to discharge the dust loaded in the storage box 1 in step 1, the loading rate is reset to zero (step 31) and all flags and counters are reset to zero. It is reset (step 32). At this time, the voice generator 37 announces that the loading rate has been reset to zero.

Next, the method of calculating the loading rate executed in step 25 will be specifically described.

The calculation of the loading rate is carried out at the initial loading stage in which dust is loaded into the accommodation box 1 without compressing it, and the accommodation box 1
It is calculated separately for the compression loading stage in which dust is forced into the interior of the. (1) Initial loading stage This initial loading stage corresponds to the time when the loading rate R% reaches from 0% to the switching set value K ₁ % which is a preset parameter. The switching set value K ₁ % is 70% when the dust is raw dust, and 8 when the dust is coarse dust.
0%, and 75% when the dust is separated dust, which is selected by the dust type switch 35. The dust type switch 35 cannot be switched when the loading rate exceeds 10%.

At the initial loading stage, since the dust is hardly compressed inside the storage box 1, the loading rate is calculated based on the effective loading cycle number of the pushing plate 11. That is, when the secondary pressed flag and the dust present flag are set in Steps 13 and 14 of the above-described flowchart and the pushed flag is set in Step 15, that is, the secondary press is performed with dust in the packer 3. When the stroke and the push stroke are executed, in step 24, the loading counter 4
2 is incremented. The count number of the loading counter 42 corresponds to the number of effective loading cycles in which the pushing plate 11 pushes dust into the storage box 1.

From the above, the loading rate R% in the initial loading stage is calculated by R = number of loading cycles / K ₂ (%). Here, K ₂ is a parameter determined by the type of dust, and is 100 for raw dust, 70 for coarse dust, and 80 for sorted dust. (2) Compressing and loading stage In this compressing and loading stage, the loading rate R% is the switching set value K ₁
Correspondence from% to 100% is reached.

In the compression loading stage, since the dust is forcibly pushed into the storage box 1 by the pushing plate 1 operated by the sliding cylinder 14 in the pushing stroke, the total relief time of hydraulic pressure acting on the sliding cylinder 14, that is, The loading rate R% is calculated based on the count number of the relief counter 41 in step 18 of the flowchart.

As described above, the loading rate R% in the push-in loading stage is calculated by R = K ₁ + (100−K ₁ ) × relief count number / K ₃ (%). Here, K ₃ is a parameter determined by the type of dust, and is set to 60 in any case. The relief count number is selected from the smallest of the past three relief count numbers and is sequentially updated.

For example, when the dust is garbage, the loading rate R% first increases in proportion to the number of loading cycles in the initial loading stage, and when the loading number reaches 70, the loading rate R% increases. When it reaches 70%, the process shifts to the compression loading stage (see formula).
In the subsequent compression loading stage, the loading rate R% increases in proportion to the relief count number, and when the relief count number reaches 60, the loading rate R% becomes 100% (see formula).

Thus, the loading state of dust in the storage box 1 is displayed by the indicator 36, and the sound generator 3
Since it is announced by 7, it is possible to prevent dust from being overloaded.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various small design changes can be made without departing from the present invention described in the claims. It is possible to

For example, the values of the parameters K ₁ , K ₂ and K ₃ used for calculating the loading rate R% are not limited to those in the embodiment,
It can be changed as appropriate.

[0048]

As described above, according to the first feature of the present invention, when the load of dust is small, the load rate of dust is calculated from the number of effective cycle movements of the pushing plate to determine the load of dust. When the number increases, the dust loading rate is calculated from the relief time of the hydraulic pressure that acts on the hydraulic drive source of the pushing plate, so it is possible to always know the loading rate accurately and prevent overloading of dust. it can.

Further, according to the second feature of the present invention, by changing the parameter used for calculating the loading rate according to the type of dust, a more accurate and accurate loading rate can be detected.

Further, according to the third feature of the present invention, by resetting the loading rate to zero when the packer is raised, the loading rate can be automatically reset to zero each time dust is discharged from the storage box. it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a dust pushing device of a dust truck.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a rotation speed measurement unit of the hydraulic pump.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a cycle exercise device.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a control device.

FIG. 5 is a time chart showing the operation of a solenoid.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the operation

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of operation

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the operation

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of operation

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the operation

FIG. 11 is a first subdivision of the flowchart.

FIG. 12 is a second partial diagram of the flowchart.

FIG. 13 is a third partial diagram of the flowchart.

FIG. 14: Time chart of the second press stroke

FIG. 15: Time chart of the pushing process

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Storage box 3 ... Packer 11 ... Push plate 13 ... Push plate cylinder (hydraulic drive source) 14 ... Sliding cylinder (hydraulic drive source) 41 ... Relief counter (hydraulic relief time Detecting means) 42 .. Charge counter (means for detecting the number of effective cycle movements) 43 .. Loading rate calculation means K ₁ ... Parameter K ₂ ... Parameter K ₃ ... Parameter R ... Loading rate

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A dust collecting vehicle in which a packer (3) having a pushing plate (11) that is cycled by a hydraulic drive source (13, 14) is provided at a rear portion of a dust storage box (1) so as to be vertically movable. A loading rate detection device, which is a means (42) for detecting the number of effective cycle movements in which the pushing plate (11) pushes dust into the storage box (1), and a hydraulic drive source (13, 14).
(41) for detecting the relief time of hydraulic pressure acting on the
When the load of dust is equal to or less than the reference value, the load ratio (R) of dust is calculated from the number of effective cycle movements, and when the load of dust is equal to or higher than the reference value, the load ratio of dust from the relief time ( R) for calculating the loading ratio (4
3) A device for detecting a loading rate in a garbage truck, comprising: 2. The load ratio calculation means (43) calculates
Parameters used for (K₁, K ₂, K₃), Dust
2. It is changed according to the type of
Loading rate detection device for garbage trucks in Japan. 3. A loading rate (R) when the packer (3) is raised.
Is reset to zero, The load factor detection device in the refuse collection vehicle according to claim 1.