JP2569376B2 - Wood processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to soft wood such as cedar, larch, poplar and albitia, and thinned wood such as thinned wood removed in the growing process of cedar and hinoki. The present invention relates to a wood processing apparatus used for hardening, straightening, and free-forming bent unused wood.

[Conventional technology]

Although soft materials such as cedar are used as building materials, their use is limited because of their low robustness. Unused soft wood such as larch, poplar, and albitia, and thinned wood removed during the growing process of cedar, cypress, etc.
At present, it is almost unusable as a building material because it is a small-diameter tree, and it is curved and extremely soft.

At present, in order to harden such wood, a method of impregnating the wood with a resin agent such as a phenol resin and hardening the wood to harden the wood is generally performed.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Conventionally, as described above, by impregnating and curing a resin material in wood, the rigidity of soft materials such as cedar, larch, poplar, and arubitia has been improved, but the resin is impregnated in the wood. Therefore, the cost of the resin material increases and the production cost increases, and a special impregnation device and a long time (about one day) and time are required for uniformly impregnating the wood with the resin. In addition, since the wood is impregnated with resin to make it more robust, it loses the water absorption characteristic of wood and becomes like plastic. There was a problem that pollution occurred during incineration by the agent.

The present inventors have conducted intensive research to solve the problems as described above, and as a result, after softening wood by steam treatment,
It has been found that fixing by compression molding is an extremely effective means for hardening wood. The method for treating wood is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 1-335595, but it has been desired to develop a specific configuration of an apparatus for performing the method.

Therefore, the present invention provides a wood processing and processing apparatus in which wood is subjected to steam treatment to be softened and then compression-molded and fixed, thereby making the wood robust and straight, and eliminating the need for lumber processing. It is intended to do so.

[Means for solving the problem]

The wood processing equipment of the present invention is
A pressure vessel capable of holding a high-temperature high-pressure steam atmosphere of up to 25 kg / cm ² , at least a pair of press dies disposed opposite to each other inside the pressure vessel, and compression driving means for driving the press dies The pair of press dies extend in parallel with each other, and a press assist slidably with respect to the press dies between adjacent longitudinal edges of the pair of press dies. A jig is mounted on the press die and the press auxiliary jig to form a space in which a sectional area for accommodating the wood to be processed can be expanded and contracted. ).

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that 100 to 230 ° C. and 5 to 25 kg / cm ²
A pressure vessel capable of holding a high-temperature, high-pressure steam atmosphere, at least one pair of press dies disposed opposite to each other inside the pressure vessel, and compression driving means for driving the press dies. And a cross-sectional shape of a surface of the press die in contact with the wood to be processed is curved.

The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that 100 to 230 ° C., 5 to 25 kg / cm ²
A pressure vessel capable of holding a high-temperature, high-pressure steam atmosphere, at least one pair of press dies disposed opposite to each other inside the pressure vessel, and compression driving means for driving the press dies. A wood processing apparatus wherein the cross section of the surface of the press die in contact with the wood to be processed is corrugated.

The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that 100 to 230 ° C. and 5 to 25 kg / cm ²
A pressure vessel capable of holding a high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere, a pair of press dies disposed opposite to each other inside the pressure vessel, and compression driving means for driving the press dies. An upper press die having an in-row ridge on the ceiling of a cavity having both side walls formed on a curved surface, and a lower press having an in-row groove at the bottom of a cavity having both side walls formed on a curved surface. This is a wood processing machine composed of a press die.

The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that 100 to 230 ° C, 5 to 25 kg / cm ²
A pressure vessel capable of holding a high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere, a press die disposed to face the inside of the pressure vessel, and compression driving means for driving the press die. A press die, an upper press die having an in-row protrusion on the lower surface, a lower press die having an in-row groove on the upper surface, which is disposed vertically above and below the upper press die,
A fixed horizontal press die arranged so that one side ends of both upper and lower press dies slide along the inner surface, and the left and right sides of the fixed horizontal press die are arranged to face each other, and the inner surface is curved. It is a wood processing apparatus constituted by a movable horizontal press die formed in a shape.

The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that 100 to 230 ° C., 5 to 25 kg / cm ²
A pressure vessel capable of holding a high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere, a pair of press dies disposed opposite to each other inside the pressure vessel, and compression driving means for driving the press dies. By forming the pair of press dies with a female press die having a concave cross section and a male press die that can be inserted into the female press die, a female press die and a male press die are formed. And a space for accommodating the wood to be processed, and a space capable of expanding and contracting the cross-sectional area.

[Action]

According to the present invention, when wood is placed in a high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere in a pressure vessel, the wood absorbs water vapor and the temperature rises, so that the wood softens and the wood is gradually decomposed. When compressed and fixed by a press machine in this state, the wood is compressed and molded while squeezing out the absorbed water, so the fine hollow parts formed in the wood are reduced and hard, and strong woody At the same time, even curved wood can be straightened, and the wood can be shaped into a free shape without lumbering. It has also been found that, unlike processing with a heating source (such as microwaves) other than water vapor, water absorption and heating do not restore the original shape.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

1 is a schematic overall view of the apparatus of the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic sectional views taken along line AA of FIG. 1, FIG. 2 shows a state before compression, and FIG. This shows the state at the time of compression.

1 to 3, (1) is a pressure vessel,
(2) is a press machine.

The pressure vessel (1) comprises a cylindrical vessel body (1a) and an opening / closing lid (1b) attached to an opening of the vessel body, and has a pipe (3) therein through which creosote (wood preservative) or the like is applied. The gas containing the drug is injected, and high-temperature and high-pressure steam is supplied through the pipe (4).

The press machine (2) is bent at right angles into an L-shape, and a pair of press dies (5) (5) which are vertically arranged in the pressure vessel (1) so that the inner surfaces thereof face each other. When,
A plurality of compression driving devices for driving this up and down, for example, press cylinders (6), (6)... And a V-shaped bend at right angles, which can be enlarged and reduced by the press dies (5) and (5). The press mold (5) is placed between both edges of the press mold (5) (5) so as to form a cylindrical space (7).
(5) A pair of press auxiliary jigs (8) and (8) which are slidably mounted on and opposed to each other, and the press dies (5) and (5) are connected to a press cylinder (6). (6) The wood (9) in the space (7) is compressed by the press dies (5) and (5) and the press auxiliary jigs (8) and (8) by the operation of bringing them closer to each other by (6). is there.

In the drawing, (10) is a pipe for discharging the steam drain in the pressure vessel (1) to the outside, and (11) is a pressure vessel (1).
This is a pipe that exhausts air to open the inside to the atmosphere.

Next, the robust processing of wood in the apparatus of the present invention configured as described above will be described.

First, wood (9) to be treated is supplied into the container body (1a) of the pressure vessel (1), and the wood (9) is pressed into press dies (5) (5) and a press of a press machine (2). In the space (7) formed by the auxiliary jigs (8) and (8), the supporting jig is placed and supported on the lower press die (5) or, as shown in FIG. (5) By means of (5), it is softly clamped via press auxiliary jigs (8) and (8). next,
Open and close the lid (1) on the opening of the container body (1a) of the pressure vessel (1).
b) is attached and the pressure vessel (1) is sealed, and a gas containing a drug such as creosote is injected into the pressure vessel (1) through a pipe (3), and a high-temperature (100 ~ 230 ℃) and high pressure (5-25kg / c)
m ² ) of water vapor. In this state, after placing the wood (9) for a predetermined time (several seconds to several tens of minutes), the press dies (5) and (5) of the press machine (2) are moved to the press cylinders (6) (6).
The wood (9) held in the space (7) of the pressure vessel (1) by
As shown in FIG. 3, the pressing dies (5) and (5) are used to press the pressing auxiliary jigs (8) and (8) to have a sectional area ratio of 1/2 to 1.
Compression molding to about / 3. And in this state, wood (9)
Is fixed for a predetermined time (several seconds to several tens of minutes), then the supply of water vapor into the pressure vessel (1) is stopped, and the pressure vessel (1) is gradually evacuated through the pipe (11). Release to atmosphere. After this, the container body (1
The pressure vessel (1) is opened by removing the opening / closing lid (1b) from the opening of (a), and the press die (5) of the press machine (2).
(5) is displaced away from each other by press cylinders (6), (6)..., And the compression-molded wood (9) is taken out to complete the processing.

If the wood (9) is placed in a high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere in the pressure vessel (1) as in the apparatus of the present invention, the wood (9) absorbs water vapor and the temperature rises.
Is softened and the decomposition of wood gradually progresses. In this state, when a mechanical compression force is applied to the wood (9) by the press machine (2), the wood (9) is compressed while squeezing out the absorbed water, and is formed in the wood (9). The fine hollow portion becomes small and hard and strong, and the curved wood (9) is straightened straight and the shape is fixed. In addition, the growth strain that causes cracking during drying is extracted. At the same time, acetic acid generated by liberating the acetyl group of hemicellose contained in wood acts as a catalyst to partially depolymerize hemicellulose and lignin. As a result, wood-rot fungi such as phenolic compounds and furfural compounds, etc. It has been confirmed by experiments that a chemical substance having a property of inhibiting the growth of fungi and the like is produced and the decay resistance of the wood (9) is improved.

In the above embodiment, the wood (9) is compression-molded by applying a compressive force to the wood (9) from above and below two directions.
As shown in FIG. 4, straight press plates (5 ') (5') which are driven close to or away from each other by press cylinders (6) (6). ) Are opposed to each other, and an L-shaped press assisting jig (8 ') bent at right angles between these adjacent press plates (5') (5 ').
(8 ')... Each of the press plate (5')
(5 ') by slidably mounting the mounting table (1') from four directions, up, down, left and right, or as shown in FIG. An L-shaped press plate (5 ″) that is bent at a right angle to be moved close to or away from each other by press cylinders (6) and (6) above
(5 ") facing each other, and a press cylinder (6)
Press plate (5
) And press plate (5 ") (5")
Between the horizontal plate and the vertical plate of the press plate (5 ″) (5 ″) and the press plate (5), a straight press auxiliary jig (8 ″) and an L-shaped bent at right angles The press auxiliary jigs (8 ") (8") are slidably mounted on the press plates (5 ") (5") and (5), respectively. (9) may be compressed by applying a compressive force,
Further, the pressing dies (5) (5) and the press plates (5 ') (5'), (5 ") (5") which are arranged to face each other.
Are close to each other by the press cylinders (6) and (6),
Alternatively, the wood (9) may be compression-molded by fixing one and driving only the other. Further, the press auxiliary jigs (8), (8 '), (8 "), and (8) are applied along the pressing surfaces of the press fittings (5) and the press plates (5') (5") (5). Although it is mounted, it is slidably applied along the non-compressed surfaces of the press plates (5 ') (5'), for example, like a press auxiliary jig (8 ') shown in FIG. Alternatively, both sides (8a ') (8a') may be attached to the adjacent press plates (5 ') (5') as in a press auxiliary jig (8 ') shown in FIG. Press plate (5 ') in the formed slit (5a') (5a ')
It may be slidably accommodated so as to expand and contract in accordance with the pressing operation of (5 ') and mounted between the press plates (5') (5 ').

In the above description, the press auxiliary jigs (8) (8 ')
The compression molding of the wood (9) is performed using (8 ″) and (8 ″). For example, as shown in FIG. 8, only the press plates (5 ′), (5 ′). Compression molding of 9) is possible.

In the above embodiment, the log is compression-molded to form a prism. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the press die (5) of the press machine (2) may be used according to the application. If (5) is changed, various shapes can be formed.

For example, when molding a curved object such as a Buddhist altar leg, as shown in FIG. 9, the upper press mold (12) and the lower press mold (13) whose opposing surfaces are curved. Thus, the wood (14) softened by being placed in a high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere is compression-molded and fixed.

When a log house material is formed, as shown in FIG. 10, a cavity (15) having both side walls formed into a curved surface is used.
The upper press mold (15) having the ridges (15b) for inlays on the ceiling of (a), and the lower press having the groove (16b) for inlays at the bottom of the cavity (16a) having both side walls formed into a curved surface. The wood (17) softened by being placed in a high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere is compression-molded and fixed by the mold (16). In particular, when a log house material having a straight surface facing the inside of the house is formed, as shown in FIG. 11, an upper press die (1) having an in-row ridge (18a) on the lower surface is used.
8), a lower press mold (19) having a groove (19a) for an inlay on its upper surface, and one end of both upper and lower press molds (18) and (19) are provided on the inner surface (20a ), A fixed horizontal press die (20) arranged to slide along
The movable horizontal press die (21), which is disposed to face left and right with the fixed horizontal press die (20) and forms the inner side surface (21a) in a curved shape, is placed in a high-temperature, high-pressure steam atmosphere. The softened wood (22) is compression molded and fixed.

Further, when molding plate materials for floorboards, desk tops, furniture, and wooden molds, as shown in FIG. 12, a female press mold (23) having a concave cross section, and The softened wood (25) placed in a high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere is compression-molded and fixed by a male press mold (24) that can be inserted into the female press mold (23).

Further, when used for floor pillars for drawing logs, or when it is desired to make wood grain with prisms, as shown in FIG. The wood (27) softened by being placed in a steam atmosphere is compressed and fixed. Further, annual rings near the surface of the wood (27) are formed in a wavy shape, and when this is cut from the position indicated by the BB line in FIG. 13, a free grain appears on the cut surface.

Furthermore, even if the wood is twisted during drying after sawing, it can be easily straightened if it is softened in a high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere, then straightened and fixed.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, in hardening thinned wood such as cedar, larch, poplar, and albitia, and in thinning wood such as cedar and cypress, as is generally performed in the past, wood is used. Rather than impregnating the resin and hardening it by curing, the wood is softened by treating it with high-temperature and high-pressure steam in a pressure vessel, and then compressed and fixed by a press machine to fix the wood. Can be robust. As a result, no resin is required, the production cost can be greatly reduced, and the processing can be performed easily and in a short time, so that the workability can be improved,
In addition, the lumber processing is not required, and the generation of residual material is eliminated. In addition, since wood is placed in a high-temperature, high-pressure steam atmosphere and softened, and then compression-molded to make it robust, even curved wood can be easily straightened and shaped into various shapes. , Can be widely used. Furthermore, since the wood is compression-molded while squeezing out the water absorbed by the steam treatment, there is an advantage that growth distortion is removed and cracks do not occur during drying.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view showing one embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG.
FIGS. 3 and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 shows a state before compression, and FIG. 3 shows a state during compression. 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views of a main part showing another embodiment of the press machine. FIGS. 6 and 7 are partially enlarged cross-sectional views showing another example of mounting of the press assisting jig. FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a main part showing an embodiment of a press machine without using a press auxiliary jig. FIG. 9 to FIG. 13 are explanatory diagrams showing examples of forming wood according to the use. (1) pressure vessel, (2) press machine, (5) press die, (6) press cylinder, (8) auxiliary press jig, (9) wood.

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Chita Ota 3-3-14 Jusanmoto Imazato, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pressure vessel capable of holding a high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere of 100 to 230 ° C. and 5 to 25 kg / cm ² therein.
At least one pair of press dies disposed opposite to each other inside the pressure vessel, and compression driving means for driving the press dies, the pair of press dies extend parallel to each other, A press assist jig is slidably mounted on the press mold between adjacent longitudinal edges of the pair of press dies, and is processed by the press mold and the press assist jig. A timber processing apparatus, wherein a space for accommodating timber is formed in a space that can be expanded and contracted. ^2. A pressure vessel capable of holding a high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere of 100 to 230 ° C. and 5 to 25 kg / cm ² therein.
A cross-section of a surface of the press mold in contact with wood to be processed, comprising at least a pair of press dies opposed to each other inside the pressure vessel, and compression driving means for driving the press dies. A wood processing apparatus characterized by having a curved shape. 3. A pressure vessel capable of holding a high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere of 100 to 230 ° C. and 5 to 25 kg / cm ² therein.
A cross-section of a surface of the press mold in contact with wood to be processed, comprising at least a pair of press dies opposed to each other inside the pressure vessel, and compression driving means for driving the press dies. A wood processing apparatus characterized by having a wavy shape. 4. A pressure vessel capable of holding a high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere of 100 to 230 ° C. and 5 to 25 kg / cm ² therein.
A cavity having a pair of press dies opposed to each other inside the pressure vessel, and compression driving means for driving the press dies, wherein the press dies are formed on both sides with curved surfaces. A wood processing apparatus comprising: an upper press die having an in-row protrusion on the ceiling of the upper part; and a lower press die having an in-row groove at the bottom of a cavity having both side walls formed into a curved surface. . 5. A pressure vessel capable of holding a high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere of 100 to 230 ° C. and 5 to 25 kg / cm ² therein.
An upper press having a press die opposed to the inside of the pressure vessel and a compression drive means for driving the press die, wherein the press die has an in-row ridge on a lower surface. The lower die and the upper and lower press dies each having a groove for an inlay on the upper surface thereof, and the upper and lower press dies are fixed so that one end of each of the upper and lower press dies is in sliding contact with the inner surface. A wood processing apparatus comprising: a horizontal press die; and a movable horizontal press die which is disposed opposite to the fixed horizontal press die on the left and right sides and has an inner surface formed into a curved surface. 6. A pressure vessel capable of holding a high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere of 100 to 230 ° C. and 5 to 25 kg / cm ² therein.
A female press having a pair of press dies opposed to each other inside the pressure vessel, and a compression drive unit for driving the press dies. By comprising a mold and a male press mold that can be inserted into the female press mold, for accommodating the wood to be processed between the female press mold and the male press mold,
A wood processing apparatus characterized by forming a space whose cross-sectional area can be enlarged and reduced.