JP2574501B2 - Mechanical supercharger - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a mechanical supercharger.

[Prior Art] FIG. 3 shows a conventional mechanical supercharger, in which synchronous gears driven by a crankshaft (not shown) of an engine 1 and fitted to respective rotating shafts 2 and 3 mesh with each other.
A compressor 9 in which a pair of rotors 6, 7 whose respective rotation speeds are maintained at a predetermined ratio by a casing 4, 5 is provided in a casing 8 in the middle of an intake passage 10 of the engine 1, and the compressor 9 is driven. By doing so, the air 11 is compressed, and high-density air 11 ′ having a pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure is supplied to the engine 1 to increase the output of the engine 1.

In the conventional mechanical supercharger, for example, in order to prevent an insufficient amount of air in an engine low speed region and obtain an appropriate air amount over the entire engine rotation region, for example, the compressor 9 secures an air amount in the engine low speed region. And the excess air in the high-speed range of the engine is released by a bypass or the like.
Attached transmission (continuously variable transmission) was used to control the rotation of the compressor 9.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, as described above, escaping excess air in a high-speed range of the engine by a bypass or the like causes a large loss and leads to a reduction in fuel consumption. It has a disadvantage that it is disadvantageous in terms of cost.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a mechanical supercharger capable of optimizing the amount of air over the entire engine rotation range without lowering fuel consumption and suppressing weight and cost increases. is there.

[Means for Solving the Problems] A first invention of the present invention is a pair of a pair of synchronous gears driven by an engine and engaged with each other, each of which is held at a predetermined ratio by synchronous gears meshing with each other. In a mechanical supercharger with a compressor consisting of a rotor,
An input shaft driven by the engine and arranged on the same axis as the rotation shaft of one rotor, a clutch disc fitted to the one rotor rotation shaft, and the clutch connected to the input shaft via a clutch spring. A pressure plate externally fitted to be pressed against the disk surface,
A speed increasing drive gear rotatably fitted to the input shaft so as to be positioned on the pressure plate and the anti-clutch disk side; and The speed-up driving gear so that the gear ratio based on the number of teeth of the speed-up driving gear is smaller than the gear ratio of the pair of synchronization gears based on the number of teeth of the synchronization gear fitted to the rotating shaft of the rotor. A speed increasing driven gear having a smaller number of teeth; a low speed range electromagnetic coil capable of adsorbing the pressure plate to the surface of the speed increasing driving gear against the urging force of the clutch spring; and detecting a rotation speed of the engine. A mechanical detector comprising: a rotation detector; and a control device that can excite the low-speed region electromagnetic coil only in a low-speed region of the engine based on a detection signal from the rotation detector. A second invention comprises a pair of rotors driven by an engine and each rotating speed is maintained at a predetermined ratio by a synchronous gear engaged with each other and fitted on each rotating shaft. In a mechanical supercharger provided with a compressor, an input shaft driven by an engine and disposed on the same axis as a rotation shaft of one rotor, and a clutch disc fitted to the rotation shaft of the one rotor. A speed increasing driving gear rotatably fitted to the input shaft, and a pressure plate externally fitted to the input shaft via a clutch spring so as to be positioned in a neutral state between the clutch disc and the speed increasing driving gear. ,
The gear ratio of the pair of synchronous gears is fitted to the rotating shaft of the other rotor so as to mesh with the speed increasing driving gear and based on the number of teeth of the synchronous gear fitted to the rotating shaft of the one rotor. A speed-up driven gear having a smaller number of teeth than the speed-up driving gear so that a gear ratio based on the number of teeth of the high-speed driving gear is smaller; and a clutch disc which opposes the pressure plate to the elastic force of the clutch spring. A medium-speed high-frequency electromagnetic coil that can be attracted to the surface, a low-speed electromagnetic coil that can cause the pressure plate to be attracted to the surface of the speed increasing driving gear against the elastic force of the clutch spring, and an engine load are detected. A load detector, a rotation detector for detecting the number of rotations of the engine, and a low-speed range when the engine is not lightly loaded based on detection signals from the load detector and the rotation detector. And a control device for energizing only the low-speed electromagnetic coil while energizing only the medium-high-speed electromagnetic coil when the engine is in a medium-high speed range when the engine is not lightly loaded. It depends on the machine.

[Operation] In the first invention, the rotation speed of the engine is detected by the rotation detector, and when the engine rotation speed is in the low speed range, the low-speed range electromagnetic coil is excited by the control device,
The pressure plate is attracted to the surface of the speed increasing driving gear against the urging force of the clutch spring, and the rotation of the input shaft is transmitted from the pressure plate to the rotating shaft of the other rotor via the speed increasing driving gear and the speed increasing driven gear. At the same time, the rotation of the rotation shaft of the other rotor is transmitted to the rotation shaft of one rotor via a pair of synchronous gears. As compared with the case where the air is transmitted directly to the rotation shaft of one of the rotors via the clutch disk, the required speed is increased and a sufficient amount of air is supplied to the engine.

When the engine speed shifts from the low-speed range to the middle-high speed range, the excitation state of the low-speed range electromagnetic coil by the control device is released, and the pressure plate is pressed against the clutch disk surface by the biasing force of the clutch spring, and the input shaft The rotation is transmitted directly from the pressure plate to the rotating shaft of one of the rotors via the clutch disc,
Since the rotation of the rotation shaft of the one rotor is transmitted to the rotation shaft of the other rotor via the pair of synchronous gears, the rotation speed of the rotation shaft of the one rotor is required to be smaller than that in the low engine speed range. The engine is decelerated, and the air is not excessively supplied to the engine.

In the second invention, the load of the engine is detected by the load detector and the rotation speed of the engine is detected by the rotation detector. When the engine load is a light load, the low-speed range is obtained regardless of the engine rotation speed. Neither the electromagnetic coil for the motor nor the electromagnetic coil for the medium to high speed range is excited, and the pressure plate is held in a neutral state between the clutch disk and the speed increasing driving gear, so that the rotor is not driven and the engine is not supercharged. I can't.

When the engine load is in a non-light load state and the engine speed is in the low speed range, the low-speed range electromagnetic coil is excited by the control device, and the pressure plate is placed on the surface of the speed increasing driving gear against the elastic force of the clutch spring. Adsorbed,
The rotation of the input shaft is transmitted from the pressure plate to the rotation shaft of the other rotor via the speed-increasing main driving gear and the speed-increasing driven gear, and the rotation of the rotation shaft of the other rotor is transmitted through the pair of synchronous gears to one of the rotation shafts. Because it is transmitted to the rotation axis of the rotor,
The number of rotations of the rotation shaft of the one rotor is increased by a required amount as compared with the case where the rotation of the input shaft is directly transmitted from the pressure plate to the rotation shaft of the one rotor via the clutch disk, and is sufficiently sufficient for the engine. The right amount of air is supplied.

When the engine load is in the non-light load state and the engine speed shifts from the low speed range to the middle and high speed range, the excitation state of the low speed range electromagnetic coil is released by the control device, and the medium high speed range electromagnetic coil is excited. The pressure plate is attracted to the surface of the clutch disk against the elastic force of the clutch spring, and the rotation of the input shaft is directly transmitted from the pressure plate to the rotation shaft of one of the rotors via the clutch disk. Since the rotation of the rotation shaft is transmitted to the rotation shaft of the other rotor via the pair of synchronous gears, the rotation speed of the rotation shaft of the one rotor is reduced by a required amount compared with the case of the engine low speed range, and On the other hand, the air is not supplied excessively.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 3 represent the same parts.

An input shaft 12 driven by a crankshaft (not shown) of the engine 1 is rotatably disposed on an extension of the same axis as the rotation shaft 2 of one rotor 6.
A clutch disc 13 is fitted to the end on the side of the
A pressure plate 14 is externally fitted to the end of the rotary shaft 2 side of 12 so as to be pressed against the surface of the clutch disc 13 via a diaphragm-type clutch spring 15, and
A speed-increasing main driving gear 16 is rotatably fitted to the end of the input shaft 12 on the rotating shaft 2 side via a bearing 17 so as to be positioned on the side of the pressure plate 14 opposite to the clutch disk 12.

Further, the rotating shaft 3 of the other rotor 7 is extended toward the input shaft 12 by a required amount, and an increased speed driven gear 18 is fitted to an end of the rotating shaft 3 so as to mesh with the increased speed driving gear 16. The number of teeth Z ₄ of the speed increasing driven gear 18 is the same as that of the synchronous gear 4 fitted on the rotary shaft 2.
The gear ratio of the pair of synchronized gear 4 and 5 the number of teeth Z ₁ as the reference of the Z ₂ / Z ₁
(Z ₂ is the number of teeth of the synchronous gear 5), the gear ratio Z ₄ / Z ₃ with the speed increasing driven gear 18 based on the number of teeth Z ₃ of the speed increasing driving gear 16 is set to be smaller by a required amount. It is.

Further, the anti-pressure plate 14 of the
In an annular groove 19 formed in the side surface, an electromagnetic coil 20 for a low-speed region capable of attracting the pressure plate 14 to the surface of the speed increasing driving gear 16 against the urging force of the clutch spring 15 when excited is arranged. A rotation detector 21 for detecting the number of revolutions of the engine 1; and a control device 23 capable of exciting the low-speed region electromagnetic coil 20 only in the low-speed region of the engine based on a detection signal 22 from the rotation detector 21. Are provided.

The control device 23 detects a detection signal from the rotation detector 21.
22 is a computing unit that compares and calculates a value of the output signal 22 and a preset value stored in advance and outputs a drive signal 25 to an electromagnetic relay 26 described later when the value of the detection signal 22 is equal to or less than the preset value. 24, and an electric relay 26 provided in the middle of an electric circuit 28 connecting the electromagnetic coil 20 and a power supply 27 such as a battery, and closed by a drive signal 25 from the arithmetic unit 24.

 Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.

During operation, the number of revolutions of the engine 1 is detected by a rotation detector 21, and a detection signal 22 is input to an arithmetic unit 24 of a control device 23, and the arithmetic unit 24 sets the value of the detection signal 22 and a value stored in advance. When the value of the detection signal 22 is smaller than or equal to the set value, that is, when the engine speed is in a low speed range, the driving signal 25 is output from the calculator 24 to the electromagnetic relay 26, and the electromagnetic relay 26 is closed. The low-speed region electromagnetic coil 20 is excited.

When the low-speed electromagnetic coil 20 is excited, the pressure plate 14 is attracted to the surface of the speed increasing driving gear 16 against the urging force of the clutch spring 15, and the rotation of the input shaft 12 is moved from the pressure plate 14 to the speed increasing driving gear. The rotation of the rotation shaft 3 of the rotor 7 is transmitted to the rotation shaft 2 of the rotor 6 via a pair of synchronous gears 5 and 4 while being transmitted to the rotation shaft 3 of the rotor 7 via the gear 16 and the driven gear 18. . Therefore, the number of rotations of the rotating shaft 2 of the rotor 6 is increased by a required amount as compared with the case where the rotation of the input shaft 12 is directly transmitted from the pressure plate 14 to the rotating shaft 2 of the rotor 6 via the clutch disk 13. Thus, a sufficient amount of air 11 'is supplied to the engine 1.

Further, when the engine speed shifts from the low speed range to the middle and high speed range, the drive signal 25 output from the computing unit 24 is no longer output and the electromagnetic relay 26 is opened, so that the excitation state of the low speed range electromagnetic coil 20 is increased. Is released, the pressure plate 14 is pressed against the surface of the clutch disk 13 by the urging force of the clutch spring 15, and the rotation of the input shaft 12 is directly transmitted from the pressure plate 14 to the rotation shaft 2 of the rotor 6 via the clutch disk 13. The rotation of the rotary shaft 2 of the rotor 6 is transmitted to the rotary shaft 3 of the rotor 7 via a pair of synchronous gears 4,5. Therefore, the number of rotations of the rotating shaft 2 of the rotor 6 is reduced by a required amount as compared with the case of an engine low speed range, so that excessive supply of air to the engine 1 is prevented.

In this way, the shortage of air volume in the low-speed range of the engine is resolved, and even in the middle-high speed range of the engine, an appropriate amount of air is obtained without escaping air by bypass or the like. It is possible to control an increase in weight and cost as compared with using.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 represent the same parts. The input shaft 12 is externally fitted to the end of the input shaft 12 on the side of the rotating shaft 2 so as to be positioned in a neutral state between the drive gear 16 and the speed-increasing drive gear 16, and when the clutch disk 13 is excited on the side opposite to the pressure plate 14, A load detector 29 such as a torque detector for detecting the load of the engine is provided with a middle-high speed electromagnetic coil 20 'capable of attracting the pressure plate 14 to the surface of the clutch disc 13 against the elastic force of the clutch spring 15. Is provided.

Further, the detection signal 30 and the detection signal 22 from the load detector 29 and the rotation detector 21 are input, and the value of the detection signal 30 is compared with a load set value stored in advance to calculate the detection signal.
Only when the value of 30 exceeds the load set value, the value of the detection signal 22 is compared with a pre-stored set value of the number of revolutions. A computing unit 24 which outputs a drive signal 25 'to an electromagnetic relay 26', which will be described later, while outputting a drive signal 25 to the relay 26, and when the value of the detection signal 22 exceeds the rotation speed set value, An electromagnetic circuit 26, 26 'which is provided in the middle of an electric circuit 28, 28' connecting the coils 20, 20 'and a power source 27 such as a battery, and is closed by a drive signal 25, 25' from the computing unit 24, respectively, and 23, the control device 23 excites only the low-speed range electromagnetic coil 20 in the low-speed range when the engine is not lightly loaded based on the detection signals 30 and 22 from the load detector 29 and the rotation detector 21. On the other hand, when the engine is not lightly loaded, Only the electromagnetic coil 20 'for frequency region are as may be energized.

In another embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the load of the engine 1 is detected by a load detection circuit 29, and the rotation speed of the engine 1 is detected by a rotation detector 21. When the value of the detection signal 30 is less than or equal to the load set value, that is, when the engine load is light, , The arithmetic unit 24 sends the electromagnetic relays 26,2 regardless of the engine speed.
Drive signal 25, 25 'is not output to 6' and electromagnetic relay 26, 26 '
Is open, neither the low-speed range electromagnetic coil 20 nor the middle-high speed range electromagnetic coil 20 ′ is excited, and the pressure plate 14 is held in a neutral state between the clutch disk 13 and the speed increasing driving gear 16. Therefore, the rotors 6 and 7 are not driven, and the engine 1 is not supercharged.

When the value of the detection signal 30 exceeds the load set value and the engine load is in a non-light load state, the calculator 24 compares the value of the detection signal 22 with a pre-stored rotation speed set value. When the value of the detection signal 22 is equal to or less than the set value, that is, when the engine speed is in the low speed range, the driving signal 25 is output from the computing unit 24 to the electromagnetic relay 26, the electromagnetic relay 26 is closed, and the low speed ground electromagnetic coil is closed. 20 is excited, the pressure plate 14 is attracted to the surface of the speed increasing driving gear 16 against the elastic force of the clutch spring 15, and the rotation of the input shaft 12 is transmitted from the pressure plate 14 to the speed increasing driving gear 16 and the speed increasing driven gear 18. , And the rotation of the rotating shaft 3 of the rotor 7 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 2 of the rotor 6 via the pair of synchronous gears 5 and 4. Therefore, the number of rotations of the rotating shaft 2 of the rotor 6 is increased by a required amount as compared with the case where the rotation of the input shaft 12 is directly transmitted from the pressure plate 14 to the rotating shaft 2 of the rotor 6 via the clutch disk 13. Thus, a sufficient amount of air 11 'is supplied to the engine 1.

Further, when the engine load is in the non-load state and the engine speed shifts from the low speed range to the middle / high speed range, the drive signal 25 output from the arithmetic unit 24 is no longer output, the electromagnetic relay 26 is opened, and the Drive signal 25 'from unit 24
Is output and the electromagnetic relay 26 'is closed, the excitation state of the low-speed region electromagnetic coil 20 is released, the medium-high speed region electromagnetic coil 20' is excited, and the pressure plate 14 is pressed against the elastic force of the clutch spring 15. Is attracted to the surface of the clutch disk 13, the rotation of the input shaft 12 is directly transmitted from the pressure plate 14 to the rotation shaft 2 of the rotor 6 via the clutch disk 13, and the rotation of the rotation shaft 2 of the rotor 6 It is transmitted to the rotating shaft 3 of the rotor 7 via the gears 4 and 5. Therefore, the number of rotations of the rotating shaft 2 of the rotor 6 is reduced by a required amount as compared with the case of an engine low speed range, so that excessive supply of air to the engine 1 is prevented.

Thus, in the case of the other embodiment shown in FIG. 2, when the engine is lightly loaded, the rotors 6 and 7 are not driven and supercharging is not performed, so that a drive loss due to an excessive amount of air when the engine is lightly loaded can be reduced. In addition, the shortage of air amount in the low-speed region of the engine at the time of non-light load of the engine is eliminated, and the appropriate amount of air is obtained without escaping the air by the bypass in the middle-high speed region of the engine at the time of light load of the engine, While the loss is reduced and fuel efficiency is improved, increases in weight and cost can be suppressed as compared with the case where a CVT is used.

It should be noted that the mechanical supercharger of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the mechanical supercharger of the first and second aspects of the present invention, the entire range of engine rotation can be achieved without reducing fuel consumption and suppressing weight and cost increases. In addition, according to the mechanical supercharger of the second invention, it is possible to achieve an excellent effect that it is possible to reduce a drive loss due to an excessive amount of air at a light engine load. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a conventional example. 1 is an engine, 2 and 3 are rotating shafts, 4 and 5 are synchronous gears, 6 and 7 are rotors, 9 is a compressor, 12 is an input shaft, 13 is a clutch disk, 14 is a pressure plate, 15 is a clutch spring, and 16 is a clutch spring. Speed-up driven gear, 18 is a speed-up driven gear, 20 is a low-speed electromagnetic coil, 20 'is a medium-high speed electromagnetic coil, 21 is a rotation detector, 22 is a detection signal, 23 is a control device, and 29 is load detection. And 30 indicates a detection signal.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A mechanical supercharger having a compressor comprising a pair of rotors, each rotating at a predetermined ratio by a synchronizing gear driven by an engine and fitted on each rotating shaft and meshing with each other. An input shaft driven by the engine and disposed on the same axis as the rotation shaft of one rotor, a clutch disc fitted to the rotation shaft of the one rotor, and a clutch spring connected to the input shaft. A pressure plate externally fitted so as to be pressed against the surface of the clutch disc, a speed-increasing driving gear rotatably fitted to the input shaft so as to be positioned on a side of the pressure plate opposite to the clutch disc, and the other rotor. The number of teeth of a synchronous gear fitted to the rotating shaft so as to mesh with the speed increasing driving gear and fitted to the rotating shaft of the one rotor is A speed increasing driven gear having a smaller number of teeth than the speed increasing driving gear so that a gear ratio based on the number of teeth of the speed increasing driving gear is smaller than a gear ratio of a pair of synchronized gears, A low-speed range electromagnetic coil that can be attracted to the surface of the speed increasing driving gear against the urging force of the clutch spring, a rotation detector that detects the number of revolutions of the engine, and an engine based on a detection signal from the rotation detector. A control device capable of exciting the low-speed region electromagnetic coil only in a low-speed region. 2. A mechanical supercharger comprising a compressor consisting of a pair of rotors, each of which is driven at a predetermined ratio by a synchronizing gear driven by an engine and fitted on each of the rotating shafts and meshing with each other. An input shaft driven by the engine and arranged on the same axis as the rotation shaft of one rotor, a clutch disc fitted to the rotation shaft of the one rotor, and rotatably fitted to the input shaft. A speed increasing driven gear, a pressure plate externally fitted to the input shaft via a clutch spring so as to be positioned in a neutral state between the clutch disc and the speed increasing driving gear, and a pressure increasing gear attached to the rotating shaft of the other rotor. The speed-increasing main gear is driven by a gear ratio of a pair of synchronous gears based on the number of teeth of the synchronous gear that is fitted to mesh with the high-speed driving gear and that is fitted to the one rotor rotating shaft. A speed increasing driving gear having a smaller number of teeth than the speed increasing driving gear so that the gear ratio based on the number of teeth of the gear is smaller; and the pressure plate being disposed on the surface of the clutch disc against the elastic force of the clutch spring. An electromagnetic coil for a medium / high speed range that can be attracted, an electromagnetic coil for a low speed range that can attract the pressure plate to the surface of the speed increasing driving gear against the elastic force of the clutch spring, and load detection for detecting a load on an engine. And a rotation detector for detecting the number of revolutions of the engine, and based on detection signals from the load detector and the rotation detector, when the engine is in a low speed range when the engine is not lightly loaded, only the low speed range electromagnetic coil is excited. A control device capable of exciting only the electromagnetic coil for the medium / high speed range when the engine is in the middle / high speed range when the engine is not lightly loaded. Mechanical supercharger.