JP2575143B2 - camera - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a camera which divides a photographing field into a plurality of regions and performs photometry, and furthermore, relates to a camera which can perform trimming photographing.

〔Technical field〕

In this type of conventional camera, there is no particular change in the photometric method between normal shooting and trimming shooting, and the photometric value is obtained from the luminance of the entire region of the field in both cases.

Therefore, there is no problem during normal shooting, but during trimming shooting, when there is a high-brightness or low-brightness subject in an area outside the enlarged print area, an appropriate exposure can be obtained for the subject area that is originally required. This creates problems that cannot be achieved.

[Object of the invention]

An object of the present invention is to provide a camera capable of giving an appropriate exposure to an enlarged area even during trimming shooting.

[Features of the invention]

The present invention provides a trimming information output unit that outputs information that trimming shooting is selected, and divides a shooting field into a plurality of photometric areas, and can output luminance information for each of the plurality of photometric areas, The light receiving unit that is set so that the boundary of the enlarged region and the boundary of the plurality of photometric regions in the trimming shooting are substantially coincident with each other, and when the trimming shooting selection information is output from the trimming information output unit, the Calculating means for not using the luminance information of the photometric area corresponding to the trimming area other than the enlarged area in calculating the photometric value, among the luminance information of the plurality of photometric areas in the light receiving means; Features.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, which comprises light receiving means, trimming information setting means, and arithmetic means. FIG. 2 shows a partial circuit diagram of FIG.

FIGS. 3 and 4 are optical arrangement diagrams when the present invention is applied to a single-lens reflex camera and a lens shutter camera. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a photographing lens, 2 denotes a quick return mirror, 3 denotes a focus plate, Reference numeral 4 denotes a pentaprism, 5 denotes an imaging lens, 6 denotes a light receiving unit, 7 denotes a film surface, 8 denotes an optical axis of a photographing lens, and 9 denotes an optical axis of a photometry system. In the present embodiment, photometry is performed by forming an image of the field light on the light receiving unit 6 by the imaging lens 5.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the light receiving surface of the light receiving unit 6 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. In the present embodiment, the light receiving surface of the light receiving unit 6 is divided into m in the horizontal direction and n in the vertical direction, that is, a total of m × n areas, and the photometry of the luminance of the field corresponding to each area is performed. Is going. In FIG. 5, the light receiving portions on the i-th row and the j-th row are denoted by x.
_Let's call it _ij .

In Figure _{2, x 11, x 12, x} 13, x 14, x 15, ... x 1 (m-3), x
_{1 (m-2), x} 1 (m-1), x 1m is a silicon photodiode (SPD) which correspond to the light receiving portion of the first row of FIG. 5, photocurrent corresponding to the luminance of each region i ₁₁ , i ₁₂ , i ₁₃ , i ₁₄ , i ₁₅ ,… i
_{1 (m-3), i} 1 (m-2), i 1 (m-1), to generate a i _m. A ₁₁ , A ₁₂ ,
A ₁₃ , A ₁₄ , A ₁₅ … A _{1 (m-3)} , A _{1 (m-2)} , A _{1 (m-1)} , A _1m logarithmically compress these photocurrents and V ₁₁ , V ₁₂ , V ₁₃ , V ₁₄ , V ₁₅ ,… V _{1 (m-3)} ,
This is a logarithmic compression circuit that generates voltage values of V1 _(m-2) , V1 _(m-1) , and _V1m . V ₁₁ , V ₁₂ , V ₁₃ , V ₁₄ , V ₁₅ , ... V _{1 (m-3)} , V _{1 (m-2)} , V
_{1 (m-1)} and V _1m are constants a ₁₁ , a ₁₂ , a ₁₃ , a ₁₄ , a ₁₅ , ... a _{1 (m-3)} , a
_{1 (m-2), a} 1 (m-1), a 1m (0), b (> 0) and the photocurrent i _11,
i ₁₂ , i ₁₃ , i ₁₄ , i ₁₅ ,..., i _{1 (m−3)} , i _{1 (m−2)} , i _{1 (m−1)} , and i _{1 m} can be expressed as follows.

Where a ₁₁ , a ₁₂ , a ₁₃ , a ₁₄ , a ₁₅ , ... a _{1 (m-3)} , a _{1 (m-2)} , a
_{1 (m-1)} , a _1m is V ₁₁ = V ₁₂ when the brightness of each area is equal
_{= V 13 = V 14 = V} 15 = ... = V 1 (m-3) = V 1 (m-2) = V 1 (m-1) = V
Logarithmic compression circuit A ₁₁ as the _{1m, A 12, A 13,} A 14, A 15 ... A
_{1 (m-3), A} 1 (m-2), A 1 (m-1), is assumed to be preset in the A _{1 m.}

10 is a trimming information setting means, the trimming information of the shooting screen horizontal direction is determined according to the intention of the photographer two outputs P ₁ /, and outputs the P ₂ / outputs. In the present embodiment, the photographing screen can be trimmed in four steps in the left-right direction, and for the sake of simplicity, the sizes of the left and right trimmings are made equal.

Here, the size of the four-step shooting screen is expressed as a percentage of the screen size during normal shooting, and 10
0%, a%, b% , when the c%, in the present embodiment, the output terminal P ₁ / trimming information setting means 10, and sets the output voltage level from P ₂ / as follows.

In the present embodiment, P ₁ / output terminal and P ₂ /
The size of the trimming in the horizontal direction of the screen is set by the combination of the output voltage levels from the output terminals.

In this embodiment, the trimming information is simultaneously imprinted on the film surface (for example, between each frame, outside the photographing screen of each frame) at the time of trimming photographing, and a specific area is enlarged and printed at the time of printing based on this information. .

In FIG. 2, 11 and 12 are inverters, and 13, 14, 15, and 16 are AND gates. To P ₁ / output terminal of the input of the inverter 11 is trimming information setting means 10, the input of the inverter 12 are connected respectively to the P ₂ / output terminal of the trimming information setting means 10, by inverting the respective input voltage level I have. Two inputs of the AND gate 13 are connected to _two output terminals P ₁ / and P ₂ / of the trimming information setting means 10, and two inputs of the AND gate 14 are connected to P ₁ / output terminals of the trimming information setting means 10. And two inputs of the AND gate 15 are connected to the output terminal of the inverter 11 and the P ₂ / output terminal of the trimming information setting means 10, and two inputs of the AND gate 16 are connected. Is connected to the output terminals of the inverter 11 and the inverter 12. In this manner, one of the AND gates 13 to 16 outputs an H level voltage and the other three AND gates output an L level voltage according to the size of the trimming in the horizontal direction of the screen. It is configured as follows.
That is, when the size of the photographing screen in the horizontal direction is 100%, only the AND gate 13 outputs the H level voltage, and when the size is a%, only the AND gate 14 outputs the H level voltage.
In this case, only the AND gate 15 outputs the H level voltage, and when c%, only the AND gate 16 outputs the H level voltage. 17, 18, and 19 are OR gates, and two inputs of OR gate 17 are AND gate 13
Are connected to the output terminal of the AND gate 14 and the three inputs of the OR gate 18 are connected to the output terminal of the AND gate 13, the output terminal of the AND gate 14, and the output terminal of the AND gate 15. The four inputs 19 are connected to the output terminal of the AND gate 13, the output terminal of the AND gate 14, the output terminal of the AND gate 15, and the output terminal of the AND gate 16.

S ₁₁ , S ₁₂ , S ₁₃ , S ₁₄ , S ₁₅ , ... S _{1 (m-3)} , S _{1 (m-2)} , S _{1 (m-1)} , S
_1m is an analog switch, each of which is a logarithmic compression circuit A
₁₁ , A ₁₂ , A ₁₃ , A ₁₄ , A ₁₅ , ... A _{1 (m-3)} , A _{1 (m-2)} , A _{1 (m-1)} , A _1m output voltage V ₁₁ , V ₁₂ , V ₁₃ , V ₁₄ , V ₁₅ ,… V _{1 (m-3)} , V _{1 (m-2)} , V
_{1 (m-1)} and V _1m are made conductive or open in accordance with the level of the voltage applied to each controller terminal. Control terminal of the analog switch S ₁₁ and S _{1 m} is connected to the output terminal of the AND gate 13, analog switch S
Control terminals ₁₂ and S _{1 (m-1)} is connected to the output terminal of the OR gate 17, analog switch S ₁₃ and S
_{1 (m-2)} control terminal of is connected to the output terminal of the OR gate 18, analog switch S _14, S _15, ... control terminal S _{1 (m-3)} is connected to the output terminal of the OR gate 19 I have. Because of this connection, the analog switches S ₁₁ , S ₁₂ , S ₁₃ , S ₁₄ , S ₁₅ ,... S _{1 (m−3)} , S _{1 (m−2)} , S _{1 (m−1)} , S
_{1 m} is turned on or off according to the output voltage level of the AND gates 13 to 16. That is, only the AND gate 13 is (no analog switch open) analog switch S ₁₁ to S _{1 m} becomes all conductive when the H level, the AND gate 14
Analog When only the H level Sui Tutsi S ₁₁ and S _{1 m}
Only becomes open (conducting other analog switch), when only the AND gate 15 is H level, analog switch _{S 11, S 12, S 1} (m-1), only the S _{1 m} is open (the other analog switch Is conduction), and gate 16
When only the H level is set, the analog switches S ₁₁ , S ₁₂ ,
_{S 13, S 1 (m-} 2), S 1 (m-1), only the S _{1 m} is open (other analog switch is conductive) is configured such that.

R ₁₁ , R ₁₂ , R ₁₃ , R ₁₄ , R ₁₅ , ... R _{1 (m-3)} , R _{1 (m-2)} , R _{1 (m-1)} , R
_1m is a resistor, which constitutes an arithmetic circuit for calculating a weighted average value according to each resistance value. For the sake of simplicity, the description will be made assuming that the resistance values of these resistors are equal and that an average value circuit is configured.

Reference numeral 20 denotes an operational amplifier whose output terminal and negative-phase input terminal are connected and used as a voltage follower. Output voltage of the operational amplifier 20 does not depend on the circuit state of its output later, it is always output voltage V ₁ of the average value circuit.

Here, summarized the relationship the output voltage V ₁ of the magnitude and the average value circuit photographing screen horizontal direction is as follows.

As described above, m pieces of the luminance information corresponding to the first row of the plurality of light receiving portions are processing, and one output voltage V _1.

FIG. 1 shows an arithmetic circuit for calculating a photometric value using a plurality of circuits equivalent to those in FIG. 2 and using an output voltage corresponding to luminance information of each row and trimming information in a vertical direction of a photographing screen.

In FIG. 1, B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ , B ₄ , B ₅ ,... B _n-3 , B _n-2 , B _n-1 ,
B _n is a circuit equivalent to the circuit for obtaining the luminance information corresponding to each row of the imaging screen lateral direction shown in FIG. 2, the first row, respectively, the second row, ... voltages V ₁ the luminance information in the n-th row , V ₂ ,..., V _n .

21 is a trimming information setting means, the imaging screen vertical trimming information determined in accordance with the intention of the photographer two outputs Q ₁ /, and outputs the Q ₂ / output. In the present embodiment, trimming can be performed in four stages in the vertical direction of the photographing screen, and the size of the upper and lower trimmings is made equal for simplicity.

Here, the size of the four-step shooting screen is expressed as a percentage of the size of the screen at the time of normal shooting, and in order from the largest one.
Assuming 100%, a%, b%, and c%, in this embodiment, the output voltage levels from the output terminals Q ₁ / Q ₂ / of the trimming information setting means 21 are set as follows.

In this embodiment, Q ₁ / output terminal and Q ₂ /
The amount of trimming in the vertical direction of the screen is set according to the combination of the output voltage levels from the output terminals.

In FIG. 1, reference numerals 22 and 23 denote inverters, and reference numerals 24, 25, 26 and 27 denote AND gates. The input of the inverter 22 is connected to the Q ₁ / output terminal of the trimming information setting means 21, and the input of the inverter 23 is connected to the Q ₂ / output terminal of the trimming information setting means 21. I have. Two inputs of the AND gate 24 are connected to _two output terminals Q ₁ / Q ₂ / of the trimming information setting means 21, and two inputs of the AND gate 25 are connected to Q ₁ / output terminals of the trimming information setting means 21. The two inputs of the AND gate 26 are connected to the output terminal of the inverter 22 and the Q ₂ / output terminal of the trimming information setting means 21. Is connected to the output terminals of the inverters 22 and 23. In this manner, one of the AND gates 24 to 27 outputs an H level voltage and the other three AND gates output an L level voltage according to the size of the vertical trimming of the screen. It is configured to be. That is, when the vertical size of the shooting screen is 100%, only the AND gate 24 outputs the H level voltage, and when the size is a%, only the AND gate 25 outputs the H level voltage.
At the time of b%, only the AND gate 26 outputs the H level voltage, and at the time of c%, only the AND gate 27 outputs the H level voltage.

Reference numerals 28, 29, and 30 denote OR gates. Two inputs of the OR gate 28 are connected to an output terminal of the AND gate 24 and an output terminal of the AND gate 25. Three inputs of the OR gate 29 are output terminals of the AND gate 24. The output terminal of the AND gate 25 and the output terminal of the AND gate 26 are connected to each other.
The four inputs are the output terminals of the AND gate 24 and the AND gate
25 output terminals, AND gate 26 output terminal and AND gate
Connected to 27 outputs.

S ₁ , S ₂ , S ₃ , S ₄ , S ₅ ,... S _n-3 , S _n-2 , S _n-1 , S _n are analog switches, and are arithmetic circuits B ₁ , B ₂ , B _{3 respectively.} , B ₄ , B ₅ ,… B _n-3 ,
The output voltages V ₁ , V ₂ , V ₃ , V ₄ , V ₅ , V _n-3 , V _n-2 , V of B _n-2 , B _n-1 , B _n
The _n-1, V _n, are in a conductive or open depending on the level of the voltage applied to the respective control terminals. Control terminal of the analog switch S ₁ and S _n the AND gate 24
And the analog switches S ₂ and S
Control terminals of the _n-1 is connected to the output terminal of the OR gate 28, the control terminal of the analog switch S ₃ and S _n-2 is connected to the output terminal of the OR gate 29, analog switch S _4, S _5, ... The control terminal of Sn _-3 is connected to the output terminal of the OR gate 30. Because of this connection, the analog switches S ₁ , S ₂ , S ₃ , S ₄ , S ₅ , ... S _n-3 ,
S _n-2 , S _n-1 , and S _n are turned on or off in accordance with the output voltage levels of the AND gates 24 to 27. That is, only the AND gate 24 is rendered conductive, all analog switch S ₁ to S _n is at H level, only the AND gate 25 only analog switch S ₁ and S _n are open at the H level (conduction Other analog switch) next, when only the aND gate 26 is H level, analog switch _{S 1, S 2, S n} -1, only the S _n is open (other analog switch is conductive), and when only the aND gate 27 is H level, analog switch _{S 1, S 2, S 3} , S n-2, S n-1, only the S _n is open (other analog switch is conductive) is configured such that.

R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , ... R _n-3 , R _n-2 , R _n-1 , R _n are resistors,
An arithmetic circuit for calculating a weighted average value according to each resistance value is configured. For the sake of simplicity, the description will be made assuming that the resistance values of these resistors are equal and that an average value circuit is configured.

An operational amplifier 31 has an output terminal and an opposite-phase input terminal connected to each other, and is used as a voltage follower. Output voltage of the operational amplifier 31 does not depend on the circuit state of its output after an output voltage V ₀ which always mean value circuit.

Here, summarized the relationship the output voltage V ₀ which size and average circuit photographing screen vertical direction becomes as follows.

As described above, n pieces of luminance information V ₁ , V ₂ , V ₃ ,... V _n-1 , V _n corresponding to each row of the plurality of light receiving units are calculated,
It is output as one output voltage V _0.

The photometric value obtained when the photographing screen is trimmed in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction in this manner is calculated based on the output voltage V _0.
Is required.

FIG. 6 shows an example of trimming of the photographing screen in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. Here, the vertical and horizontal solid lines represent the divided shape of the light receiving section, and correspond to the area corresponding to the entire screen during normal shooting, and the cross hatched area corresponds to the screen enlarged and printed during trimming shooting. FIG.

In FIG. 6, (i) shows a case of normal photographing, in which 100% of the screen is photographed in both the left-right direction and the up-down direction. The following (i
i) is the case of trimming photographing of a% in both the horizontal and vertical directions, (iii) is the case of trimming photographing of b% in both the horizontal and vertical directions, and (iV) is the trimming of c% in both the horizontal and vertical directions. In the case of shooting, (v) is 10 in the horizontal direction
0%, vertical a% trimming, (vi) 100% horizontal and c% vertical trimming, (Vii) b% horizontal and 100% vertical trimming , (Viii) are c% in the horizontal direction and a% in the vertical direction
3 shows the case of trimming shooting. FIGS. 6 (i) to (iV) show examples of normal trimming shooting for changing the shooting angle of view to obtain the effect of telephoto shooting, and FIGS. 6 (v) to (Vii) show horizontal trimming or vertical trimming. An example of trimming shooting for producing an effect such as panning shooting in a direction is shown, and (Viii) shows an example of other special trimming shooting. A characteristic of the present embodiment is that, as is apparent from FIG. 6, the plurality of light receiving areas of the light receiving section 6 are set so as to coincide with the enlarged print area (cross hatched area) obtained by trimming photography. It was done. As a result, it is possible to obtain a photometric value that can extremely accurately expose the enlarged print area.

In order to simply show the circuit operation when performing trimming photographing as shown in FIGS.
(Viii) Trimming information and the four output voltages of the trimming information setting means in FIGS. 1 and 2 at that time
_{P 1 /, P 2 /,} Q 1 /, Q 2 / level of the AND gate 13-1
FIG. 7 shows the sum of the output voltage levels of 6, 24 to 27 and the luminance information of the i-th row and the luminance information of the j-th column corresponding to the conductive or open state of the analog switch, which can be added to the photometric value calculation. Show.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the luminance information of the object scene area determined to be unnecessary at the time of printing based on the trimming information is not added to the photometric value calculation, so that it is suitable for the enlarged print screen even at the time of trimming shooting. It enables photometric value calculation that gives a proper exposure.

Further, in the present embodiment, the divided photometric region (the position of the outer peripheral line of the region) of the light receiving unit and the enlarged print region (the position of the outer peripheral line of the region) at the time of trimming shooting are set to match (set so as to match). (In practice, however, they substantially match each other), so that extremely accurate photometry in the enlarged print area is possible.

In the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the divided photometry area of the light receiving section is subdivided into more than the setting of a plurality of types of enlarged print areas at the time of trimming photographing. Although it is possible to cope with such a case, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, it is also possible to set a divided photometry area corresponding to the number of enlarged print areas that can be set at present.

FIG. 8 shows the divided photometry areas of the light receiving unit applied only to the trimming photography corresponding to (i) to (iV) in FIG. 6, and four divided photometry areas of A to D are set. ing. FIG. 8 (i) shows a case of normal photographing, in which all photometric information of each of the areas A to D is basic information for obtaining a photometric value. The enlarged print area at the time of trimming photographing is indicated by cross hatching, and (ii) in the case of trimming photographing of a%, the photometric information of each area A to C is basic information for obtaining a photometric value. Hereinafter, (iii) indicates that each of the areas A and B is (i)
V) is the basic information from which the photometric information of only the area A is used to determine the photometric value.

In the above-described embodiment, the photometric value calculation is to calculate the average value of the luminance information of the object field area that is not trimmed. However, the weighting is performed with emphasis on the central part or on the area other than the central part. Alternatively, the photometric value may be obtained by performing a statistical processing operation such as calculating the median of the maximum value and the minimum value of the plurality of photometric values.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the trimming information is two types of information in the left-right direction and the up-down direction. However, the trimming ratio may be changed in the left-right direction or the up-down direction.

In the above-described embodiment, the arithmetic means is constituted by a logic circuit. However, the present invention can also be implemented by using a microcomputer to perform software processing.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the boundary between the enlarged area and the boundaries between the plurality of photometric areas in the trimming shooting is set to substantially coincide with each other, and the luminance information of the photometric area corresponding to the trimming area other than the enlarged area is measured. By not using it for calculating the value, it is possible to obtain a photometric value for obtaining a more appropriate exposure with respect to the enlarged area at the time of trimming photographing only by changing the way of calculation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partial circuit diagram of FIG. FIG. 3 is an optical arrangement diagram when the present invention is applied to a single-lens reflex camera. FIG. 4 is an optical arrangement diagram when the present invention is applied to a lens shutter camera. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a divided photometric area of the light receiving surface according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between an enlarged print area and a divided photometric area during trimming photographing. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a circuit operation when the trimming photographing shown in FIG. 6 is performed. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between an enlarged print area and a divided photometric area at the time of trimming photographing in a divided photometric area on a light receiving surface as another embodiment of the present invention. 6 ... light receiving surface, 10, 21 ... trimming information setting means, x _ij ... divided light receiving unit, V ₀ ... photometric value

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A camera capable of selecting between normal shooting and trimming shooting for enlarging a narrower range, comprising: trimming information output means for outputting information indicating that the trimming shooting has been selected; Dividing into a plurality of photometric areas, and enabling output of luminance information for each of the plurality of photometric areas, such that a boundary of an enlarged area in the trimming shooting substantially coincides with a boundary of the plurality of photometric areas. When the selected light-receiving means and the trimming information output means output the trimming photographing selection information, the brightness information of the plurality of photometric areas in the light-receiving means includes a trimming area other than the enlarged area. A calculating means for not using the luminance information of the corresponding photometric area for calculating the photometric value.