JP2580314B2 - Shield tunnel segment and shield tunnel structure - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial applications]

The present invention relates to a shield tunnel segment, particularly a segment for a spiral multi-section shield tunnel, and a shield tunnel structure using the same.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, this type of segment has been disclosed in JP-A-62-1823.
No. 98 is known. This segment has a cross-sectional shape in which two right and left circles overlap and both are missing at the overlapped portion, that is, the entire shape is a cocoon-shaped cross-sectional shape, and the left and right missing circles are each composed of a plurality of arc pieces And are joined to each other by a pair of upper and lower joining pieces having a V-shaped cross section. And
The left and right tunnel spaces are defined by providing vertical portions or wall materials between the upper and lower joining pieces, that is, the missing portions between these circular portions.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in this case, (1) only two horizontal tunnels in which the center lines of the left and right tunnels are parallel at the same height, and two vertical tunnels or two tunnels T1 and T2 as shown in FIG.
2 from horizontal 2 to vertical 2 or vertical 2 to horizontal 2
It cannot be used for a spiral twin tunnel that changes the cross-sectional form into a series. (2) A special joint for joining a pillar or wall material to the upper and lower joint pieces must be provided, which increases costs. (3) The work of combining the arc piece and the joint piece and the work of combining the joint piece and the column material or the wall material are different from each other, resulting in poor workability. Vertical or horizontal double-section double-section shield tunnels have many aspects such as construction period, economy, workability, and safety.
It is superior to the conventional general single-line parallel tunnel (in which two tunnels are simply arranged in parallel) and the double-track circular tunnel (in which one tunnel has a circular cross-section with multiple lines), but is disadvantageous in the following points. . In other words, the vertical double tunnel is inferior in workability when intersecting with underground structures and safety for disaster prevention of railway and road tunnels, and the horizontal double tunnel is difficult to construct sharp curves and land subsidence. It is slightly less secure than other types of tunnels. However, the horizontal type is excellent in the point that the vertical type is inferior, and the vertical type is excellent in the point that the horizontal type is inferior. This means
A double-section tunnel combining two vertical and two horizontal types means that by using the vertical and horizontal types properly according to the construction conditions, both disadvantages can be compensated for and the effective use of the advantages can be achieved. ing. In particular, in the spiral double tunnel shown in FIG.
Since the tunnel cross section can be continuously changed from a series to a horizontal series or from a horizontal series to a vertical series, both advantages can be maximized. In this case, the tunnel has a three-dimensionally twisted structure, and the center line of the two tunnels has an angle of θ with respect to the horizontal line, as shown in FIG.
Assuming that the radius is R, the spiral shape satisfies x = ± Rcos θ y = ± Rsin θ z = kθ (k is a constant). A simple method of changing the tunnel cross section from a vertical type to a horizontal type or from a horizontal type to a vertical type is as follows.
As shown in the figure, the two ring parts 1 and 2 use two straight segments perpendicular to both center lines without being twisted three-dimensionally, and are arranged so that they are staggered up and down with a predetermined level difference from each other. It is conceivable that the two tunnels approximate a spiral. However, this has the following problems. Since the joining portions (joint portions) of the ring portions 1 and 2 are displaced between the segments and the directions of the dislocations are also different, it is difficult to connect the segments in the tunnel axial direction. Since the positions of the pieces constituting the segments are different from each other and the assembling positions of the pieces 3 are individually fixed, the workability of assembling is very poor. Rolling is possible when the steps between the segments pass through the tail of the shield machine. Poor water barrier of seal. Since the pressure receiving surface of the shield jack is not perpendicular to the jack thrust direction, it is necessary to devise a shield jack. The segment may move during propulsion. Shear force acts on the bolts connecting the segments. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to construct a continuous spiral double tunnel without the above-mentioned problems as shown in FIG. 23, and without the above-mentioned problems 2 and 3 in the conventional cocoon-shaped segment. Another object of the present invention is to provide a shield tunnel segment capable of forming a spiral double tunnel without using a segment (piece) having a special shape (for example, a three-dimensional twisted cross section) which is difficult to form, and a shield tunnel structure used.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The first aspect of the present invention achieves the above object by devising the shape of a common piece in a shield tunnel segment in which at least two ring portions are joined by a common piece to form a spiral double-section shield tunnel. Things. That is, the common piece is integrally provided with a plate-shaped body portion on both sides parallel to the axis, and a branch portion that branches from the body portion in the tunnel axis direction at a predetermined crossing angle difference and branches into a V-shape. It is a thing. The shield tunnel segment of the second embodiment achieves the above object by devising a joint structure between the ring portions. That is, the joining pieces of the ring portions are connected to each other so as to be relatively rotatable, and the ring portions are joined to each other at a variable crossing angle. In the shield tunnel structure according to the present invention, a plurality of shield tunnel segments of the first embodiment or the second embodiment are joined in a tunnel axial direction by changing a crossing angle of a ring portion between the shield tunnel segments, and a spiral double section is formed. It was a tunnel.

[Action]

In the case of the shield tunnel segment according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a spiral twin tunnel having a constant angle θ can be constructed only by arranging the assembled normal segments in the axial direction. By the way, the three-dimensional form of the spiral double tunnel is changed from two horizontal to two vertical and from two vertical to two horizontal while drawing a spiral with two identical long cylinders lined up in common. In the case of a continuous twisted form, both of the two long cylindrical bodies have a three-dimensionally twisted cross section. When this is divided in the direction of the tunnel axis, two rings (segments) are formed by the division.
The inner and outer surfaces are curved surfaces twisted three-dimensionally, and the segments (pieces) constituting each ring portion also have a three-dimensionally twisted cross section. In addition, the joint portion between the two ring portions also has a three-dimensionally twisted cross section. Therefore, in order to form an ideal spiral cylinder in which both inner and outer surfaces are smoothly continuous in both of the two tunnels, it is necessary to use a segment having a curved cross section twisted three-dimensionally on both the inner and outer surfaces. However, the formation of such segments is not only extremely difficult, but also complicates the joint structure. Further, in assembling, the joints of several kinds of special segments which are twisted three-dimensionally and have different twisting modes. Since the surfaces must be three-dimensionally matched, the assembling work becomes very complicated, and disadvantages arise in various aspects such as accuracy and construction management. However, according to the shield tunnel segment of the first embodiment of the present invention, the completed double tunnel is not ideal as described above, and has a slightly different target angle like the curved portion of a normal shield tunnel. Although a step may occur, the approximation can be made only at the branch portion of the common piece joining the two ring portions, and only by tilting one of the two ring portions with respect to the other ring portion due to the crossing angle difference. The formation of such a common piece is not so difficult in order to obtain a typical helical cylinder, and the segment (piece) occupying most of the two ring portions is formed by the conventional segment (the conventional segment). Rectangular segments or tapered segments). In the case of the shield tunnel segment of the second form,
By simply adjusting the crossing angle of the two ring portions with the joining piece that is the joining portion, it is possible to construct a spiral double tunnel with the above angle θ being arbitrary. In addition, the common piece does not need a branch portion, and a general one can be used for all segments (pieces). Since both of the first and second embodiments are constituted by two ring portions having no missing portion in the inner space, they can correspond to both vertical and horizontal tunnel sections. In particular, the angle θ can be freely changed in the second form of shield tunnel segment, and it can also be used as a straight segment in which the two ring portions are perpendicular to both center lines. According to the shield tunnel structure according to the present invention, the first or second mode shield tunnel segment is used,
From a straight double tunnel to a spiral double tunnel, from a spiral double tunnel to a straight double tunnel again, from a horizontal double to a vertical double, and from a vertical double to a horizontal double again The tunnel structure can be changed continuously. When the shield tunnel segment of the first embodiment is used, 2
Since the junction of the continuous tunnel (the confluence of the two rings) is composed of a plate-shaped body of a common piece, it can always be three-dimensionally twisted parallel to the axis, whether it is a horizontal type or a vertical type. There is no surface.

【Example】

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the shield tunnel segment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view, FIG. 3 is a side view, and FIG. 4 is a plan view. This shield tunnel segment 10 is composed of two identical right circular ring portions 11 and 12 that are continuous in the opposite direction and that are continuous with each other. As shown in FIG. 3, the two ring portions 11 and 12 have a center line O1-O1 of one ring portion 11 facing upward and a center line O2-O2 of the other ring portion 12.
Are directed downward, and these center lines intersect at a predetermined angle α. The two ring portions 11 and 12 have a common piece common to both, that is, one first joint piece 13 and
The same second joint pieces 14 and 14 for both ring portions 11 and 12
And arc segments 15-19, which are usually segments, are assembled by connecting the ring portion 11 counterclockwise in the figure and the ring portion 12 sequentially clockwise in the figure. . Each of the arc pieces 15 to 19 has a simple arc shape having the same shape as a conventional general segment, that is, an arc-shaped cross section in the circumferential direction, and a quadrangular cross section parallel to the tunnel axis in the tunnel axis direction. The joining piece 13 and the second joining piece 14 have the following shapes. FIG. 5 is a front view of the first joining piece 13, FIG. 6 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 7 is a bottom view. The joining piece 13 is
13a and the left and right branches 13b, 1 divided into a V shape from the lower end
3c. The surface shape of the joining piece 13 is such that the front and rear surfaces 20, 21 of the plate-shaped body portion 13a are vertical surfaces, the left and right side surfaces 22, 23 are arcuate surfaces along the inner circumference of the ring portions 11, 12, and the upper end surface 24 is left and right. A slope inclined downward on both sides, and a lower surface 25 between the left and right branch portions 13b and 13c is an inverted U-shaped curved surface. Also, the left and right branch portions 13b, 13c are inclined in opposite directions in the tunnel axis direction with respect to the trunk portion 13a, the front surface 26 and the rear surface 27 of the left branch portion 13b are inclined forward and the front surface of the right branch portion 13c. 28 and the rear surface 29 are inclined rearward. At the upper end of the body 13a, left and right joints 30, 31 for coupling with the left and right second joining pieces 14, 14 in the one shield tunnel segment 10 are buried, and at the left and right branches 13b, 13c. Are embedded with joints 32 and 33 for coupling with the right and left arc pieces 19. Further, a plurality of joints 34 and 35 are respectively embedded in front and rear side edges of the trunk portion 13a and the branch portions 13b and 13c for joining with the joining pieces 13 and 14 of the other shield tunnel segments 10 adjacent to the front and rear. Have been. The second joining piece 14 is used by symmetrically facing two substantially identical two pieces to the left and right ring portions 11 and 12. FIG. 8 is a front view showing the joining piece 14 in a direction used for the right ring portion 12, FIG. 9 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 10 is a plan view. The joining piece 14 includes a joining base 14a, an intermediate portion 14b, and a wing portion.
14c, the inner peripheral surface 36 is an arc surface along the inner periphery of the ring portion 12. The wing part 14c is in the middle part 14b
Is inclined forward with respect to the joining base 14a. Front and rear surfaces 37, 38 and wing of joint base 14a
Front and rear surfaces 39, 40 of 14c are vertical surfaces, but front surface 4 of intermediate portion 14b.
The first and rear surfaces 42 have the same area and the same slope as the front and rear surfaces 26, 27, 28, 29 of the branch portions 13a, 13c of the first joining piece. A joint 43 for joining with the first joining piece 13 and a joint 44 for joining with the second joining piece 14 of the left ring portion 11 are embedded in the joining base portion 14a, and the joining holes are formed. 45 are provided. Also, wing 14c
At the tip of the shield tunnel segment
A joint 46 for connecting to the arc piece 15 in 10 is embedded, and a plurality of joints 47 for connecting to other front and rear adjacent shield tunnel segments 10 are provided on both front and rear side edges of the wing portion 14c and the intermediate portion 14b. Is buried. The second joining piece 14 is connected to the left ring portion 11 with reference to FIGS.
In FIG. 10, the wings 14c are inclined rearward with respect to the joint base 14a because the wings 14c are used in a symmetrical direction. To assemble each shield tunnel segment 10, the left and right second joint pieces 14, 14 are connected to the first joint piece 13 by joints 30, 31, 43, and the left and right second joint pieces 14, 14 are joined. Are joined to each other by a joint 44, and then the right and left arc pieces 15 to 19 are respectively attached to these joining pieces 14, 14.
Are sequentially combined as in the conventional case. Accordingly, even when the two tunnels 11 and 12 are positioned vertically and the shield tunnel segment 10 is made vertical, the assembling work of the two tunnels 11 and 12 can be performed simultaneously. The connection between the shield tunnel segments 10 in the axial direction of the tunnel is the same as the shield tunnel segment 10
If the assembly is in the orientation shown in FIG. 2, the shield tunnel segment 10 to be constructed this time is upside down from the previous one, or as shown in FIG.
Then, as shown in FIG. 12, the opposite pieces of the shield tunnel segments 10, 10 which are arranged in the tunnel axis direction and are opposite to each other are connected to each other by a joint. In this case, in both shield tunnel segments 10, 10, the rear surfaces 27, 29 of the branch portions 13a, 13b of the first joint piece 13 coincide with the front surface 41 of the intermediate portion 14b of the second joint piece 14. Therefore, no steps or gaps are formed on the connecting surfaces of the shield tunnel segments, and the tail seal portion has good water stopping properties.
If such a work is repeated along with the excavation of the spiral twin tunnel excavation type shield machine 48 as shown in FIG. 13, the straight line 2 as shown in FIG. From the continuous tunnel to the spiral double tunnel, and from the spiral double tunnel to the straight double tunnel again,
In addition, a double spiral shield tunnel that continuously changes from a horizontal type to a vertical type and from a vertical type to a horizontal type again is constructed. The first joining piece 13 and the two second joining pieces 14, 14 are alternately reversed in adjacent shield tunnel segments 10, 10, so that their joints and the arc pieces 15, 19 The joints become staggered, so-called staggered sets. Therefore, the joint between the shield tunnel segments can be made rigid. The shield machine 48 includes a pair of rear bodies 49, 50 arranged side by side and a pair of front bodies 51, 52 that can bend in opposite directions with respect to the rear bodies 49, 50. A cutter (not shown) is mounted on the front surface of the device. This shield machine 48 has both front torso 5
The whole is automatically turned by the moment generated by the difference of 1,52 propulsion directions, and two parallel tunnels are simultaneously excavated spirally. The shield tunnel segment 10 is pushed out of the shield machine 48 from the rear trunks 49 and 50 by shield jacks. Although the propulsion directions of the two front bodies 51 and 52 are different, the axes of the two ring portions 11 and 12 of the shield tunnel segment 10 are aligned with the axes of the two tunnels to be excavated (the front bodies 5 and 52).
1, 52), and the shield jack pressure receiving surfaces of both ring portions 11, 12 are perpendicular to the thrust direction of the shield jack, so that unreasonable stress is not applied to the shield tunnel segment 10. Both ring sections in each shield tunnel segment 10
As described above, the joining portions 11 and 12 are advantageous in various aspects as described above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. 14 and 15 show an example in which the two ring portions 11, 12 are joined by one joining piece 53. FIG. This joining piece 53 has two long and short branch portions 53a and 53b at each end, with both ends being bifurcated.
The long and short sides a and 53b are opposite to each other and cross each other in the front and rear directions, and the front and rear surfaces are inclined. Therefore, the right and left arc pieces 54 to 58
Are joined, the two ring portions 11,1 crossing each other in the opposite direction
2 is configured. FIG. 16 shows an intermediate first joint piece 57 and two second joint pieces 58, 58 on both sides having two long and short intersecting branches 58a, 58b. In this example, 58 are arranged symmetrically with each other, and arc pieces 59 to 63 are connected to each other to form both ring portions 11 and 12 crossed in opposite directions. FIG. 17 shows two joining pieces 64, 64 having two long and short crossing branches 64a, 64b, which are arranged symmetrically with each other and connected with arc pieces 65 to 67, and turned in opposite directions. This is an example in which both crossed ring portions 11 and 12 are configured. FIG. 18 shows two intermediate joining pieces 69, 69 on both sides having two intermediate joining pieces 68, 68 and two long and short intersecting branches 69a, 69b. The joining pieces 69, 69 are arranged symmetrically with each other and
3 is an example in which the two ring portions 11 and 12 are connected to each other so as to cross each other in opposite directions. FIG. 19 shows an embodiment in which the two ring portions 11, 12 can be in an intersecting relationship without providing an intersecting portion in the joining piece itself, and the intersecting angle can be arbitrarily changed. That is, the two ring portions 11 and 12 are rotatably joined to each other by the shaft bolt 75. In the center of the joining pieces 74, 74, there are provided shaft holes (not shown) through which shaft bolts 75 pass.
6,76 are provided. When the two connecting pieces 74, 74 are tightened by the fixing bolts 77, 77 in these long holes 76, 76,
The two ring portions 11, 12 are fixed to each other at an arbitrary crossing angle. The ring portions 11 and 12 are formed by connecting arc pieces 78 to 82 to respective joining pieces 74. In the example shown in FIGS. 20 to 22, the first joining pieces 83, 83 of the two ring portions 11, 12 are rotatably joined in the same manner as in FIG. 19, and both sides of the joining pieces 83, 83 are provided. The arc pieces 85 to 88 are sequentially connected to the second joining pieces 84, 84. In these figures, the ring portions 11, 12 are shown in a horizontal, vertical, vertical, diagonal construction form together with the railway tunnel structure built inside. Note that the present invention is also applicable to three or more shield tunnels.

【The invention's effect】

The effects of the present invention are listed below. (1) It is possible to construct not only a horizontal double tunnel but also a vertical double tunnel. (2) It is possible to construct a spiral double tunnel that changes the tunnel cross-section continuously from a vertical double to a horizontal double or from a horizontal double to a vertical double. Therefore, the vertical double and horizontal double are used. By using them properly according to the conditions at the site, etc., these advantages can be maximized. (3) In connecting the segments, the joints of the joint and the ring can be staggered, so that the joints can be rigid. (4) In the case of the shield tunnel segment of claim 1,
The two tunnels to be completed will not be an ideal spiral cylinder with no corners, with the inner and outer surfaces smoothly connected, but only at the V-shaped branch of the common piece of the two ring parts, Moreover, since the two ring portions are merely inclined in the opposite direction by the difference in the crossing angle of the branch portion to form an approximate helical cylinder, the formation of such a common piece is not so difficult. The segment that occupies most of the part may be a normal off-the-shelf one (a normal segment such as a rectangular segment or a tapered segment) that has been generally used. Therefore, as a segment to make a spiral double tunnel,
It can be said that this is a highly practical one that comprehensively considers problems such as segment production, assembly problems, construction management problems, and cross sections in the tunnel interior. (5) Segments can be easily connected to each other. (6) The tail seal portion has good water stopping performance. (7) Since the pressure receiving surface of the shield jack of the segment is perpendicular to the thrust direction of the jack, the segment is not subjected to excessive stress by the jack. (8) The segment is less likely to move during propulsion. (9) No shear force acts on the bolts connecting the segments. (10) According to the shield tunnel segment of the second aspect, the crossing angle of the two ring portions can be arbitrarily changed, so that the spiral of the double tunnel can be arbitrarily adjusted. Moreover, since it can be constituted only by a general piece without using a piece of a special shape, a spiral double tunnel can be constructed with the same production cost and workability as a general segment. (11) According to claim 3, using the segment of claim 1 or 2, from a straight double tunnel to a spiral double tunnel, from a spiral double tunnel to a straight double tunnel again, or The shield tunnel structure can be changed continuously from two horizontal to two vertical, and from two vertical to two horizontal again.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the shield tunnel segment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view thereof, FIG. 3 is a side view thereof, FIG. 4 is a plan view thereof, and FIGS. And FIG. 7 is a front view, side view, and bottom view of the first joining piece, and FIGS. 8, 9, and 10 are front, side, and plan views of the second joining piece. FIG. 11 is a front view showing the shield tunnel segment upside down from FIG.
Fig. 13 is a plan view of a connected state of two shield tunnel segments, Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a state in which the shield tunnel segment is installed along with excavation of a shield machine, and Figs. 14 and 15 show segments of another example. Perspective view and front view, sixteenth
FIGS. 17, 17 and 18 are front views of further different examples, FIG. 19 is a perspective view of an embodiment in which the cross angle of both ring portions is variable, and FIGS. 20 to 22 are variable cross angles. FIG. 23 is a front view showing a shield tunnel segment of another example in which the positional relationship between both ring portions is changed, FIG. 23 is a perspective view illustrating the concept of a spiral double tunnel, FIG. 24 is a front view thereof, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view when a spiral double tunnel is to be constructed with segments in which both ring portions do not intersect in the opposite direction. 10… Shield tunnel segment, 13… First joint piece, 14… Second joint piece, 53,57,58,64,68,69…
… Joining pieces, 74,83 …… joining pieces.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (73) Patent holder 999999999 2-5-8 Kita-Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo 999999999 Patent holder 999999999 Nippon Steel Corporation 2-6-Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo No. 3 (72) Inventor Yoshiyuki Ohara 2-16-1, Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takashi 2-16-1, Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. 72) Inventor Takashi Hotta 2-16-10-503, Sachimachi, Chiba City, Chiba Prefecture (72) Kenji Noda 4-13-16, Kurihara, Kuki City, Saitama Prefecture (72) Inventor Toshinori Toyoda 4, Shinkino, Abiko City, Chiba Prefecture (72) Inventor Susumu Sarada 3-1-1 Higashikawasaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture Inside the Kobe Plant of Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (72) Inventor Tetsushi Sonoda 2-5-Kitaoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo No. 8 Intra-company group (72) Inventor Akio Fujimoto 2-5-8 Kitaaoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo Intra-company group (56) References JP-A-2-136498 (JP, A)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A shield tunnel segment in which at least two ring portions are joined by a common piece to form a shield tunnel having a helical double cross section, wherein said common piece has a body portion on both sides parallel to the axis, and a body portion. Characterized in that the shield tunnel segment is provided integrally with a branch portion which is inclined at a predetermined crossing angle difference only in the direction of the tunnel axis and branches into a V-shape. 2. In a shield tunnel segment in which at least two ring portions are joined by a joining piece to form a spiral multi-section shield tunnel, the joining pieces of the ring portions are connected so as to be relatively rotatable,
A shield tunnel segment wherein the ring portions are connected to each other so as to be variable in crossing angle. 3. A tunnel having a plurality of spiral cross sections, wherein the plurality of shield tunnel segments according to claim 1 or 2 are joined in the tunnel axial direction by changing the crossing angle of the ring portions. Shield tunnel structure.