JP2581750B2 - Propulsion method of tunnel lining element - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for propelling an element for tunnel lining used when excavating a tunnel crossing a track, a road, or the like below. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of constructing a tunnel that crosses under a track or a road, a construction method using an element having a rectangular cross section instead of a cast-in-place method has been known. Such a construction method is an excavator that houses a cutter head, screw conveyor, etc. inside the element,
It excavates in the horizontal direction while excavating the face, and the elements are sequentially penetrated into the soil in the form of a gate. After constructing the tunnel lining, the soil inside the lining is excavated and removed. Is performed, for example, as shown in FIG. That is, the propulsion device 3 of the element E is set in the starting shaft 1 via the guide frame 2, and the propulsion device 3 pushes the element E in the horizontal direction while the cutter head 4 at the tip of the element cuts the cutting face into a rectangular cross section. While excavating, the excavated earth and sand is discharged from the distal end side of the trough pipe 6 to the proximal end side by the screw conveyor 5. Here, as shown in FIG. 8, the propulsion device 3 is configured to press-fit the element E and rotate the cutter head 4, and specifically, a main body 3a with a built-in jack and a motor for a conveyor. And a supporting portion 3b which engages with the guide frame 2 and receives the thrust of the jack. The supporting portion 3b has projections 3c on both sides thereof which can be inserted into and retracted from the engaging holes 2a of the guide frame 2, and the cutter head 4 is provided at the tip of the screw compare 5. 2 via the connected worm gear 4a
The structure is such that the set of cutter arms 4b is rotated. "Problem to be Solved by the Invention" The present invention is to solve the following problems in the above-described conventional technology. First, in the above-described technology, in order to press-fit the element E, the propulsion device 3 is provided at the rear end side of the element E with a length corresponding to the propulsion distance of the element E, so that narrow local characteristics are required. There is a problem that the terrain at the site is restricted. In particular, since the guide frame 2 on which the propulsion device 3 is set needs to have a sufficient size to cope with various postures of the element E, the guide frame 2 becomes a particularly large block. I had to make 1 bigger. In addition, in the method using such a conventional propulsion device, the cutter head 4 provided in the element E is required.
And the screw conveyor 5 are driven to guide the earth and sand to the propulsion device 3 side, and the structure for discharging the earth and sand under the propulsion device 3 requires a space under the propulsion device 3 for collecting the soil. However, there is also a problem that the size of the starting shaft 1 must be increased. Secondly, as shown in FIG. 7, the propulsion device 3 for the element E is configured to rotate not only the propulsion of the element E but also the screw conveyor 5, so that the entire device becomes large, and for reinforcement. There is also a problem that the weight increases, such as the necessity of adding flesh. For this reason, a large trailer, a large crane, and the like are required to carry these equipment to the site, and there is also a dissatisfaction that the construction is costly. Third, the propulsion device 3 has many problems such as roofs, handrails, ladders, scaffolds, and the like, and thus lacks mobility, and furthermore, there is a problem that the number of temporary works for operating the device increases. . In particular, in the case where the retaining walls on all four sides of the starting shaft 1 are supported by bridging the cutting beams in the shaft, the propulsion device is lowered from the upper portion to arrange the elements in the vertical direction. There is also a problem that workability on site is poor, such as the need to lower In addition, apart from the above-described problems, conventionally, when the element is press-fitted, the rear end of the guide frame 2 of the excavator is pressed against the rear wall of the starting counter 1 to obtain a propulsion reaction force. However, for this reason, there was also a problem that the rear wall of the starting pier 1 required special reinforcement processing so as to be in good contact with the excavator and to withstand the propulsion reaction force. The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object thereof is to separate an element press-fitting mechanism and an excavating mechanism for excavated earth and sand to reduce the size of the device and to reduce the size of a narrow site. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for propelling a tunnel lining element capable of improving the applicability of the element. Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an earth excavator equipped inside a hollow box-type tunnel lining element while horizontally pressing the element into the soil. In a method in which the elements are propelled one by one while excavating, and the elements are connected along the lining section of the tunnel, a rod that expands and contracts in the longitudinal direction of the elemet is provided at the starting end of the adjacent existing element. When an element is press-fitted to a position adjacent to the existing element, the element to be press-fitted is connected to the rod of the jack, and the element is pressed into the soil by the jack. It is characterized by the following. In addition, in order to achieve the same object, the present invention replaces the jack attached to the starting end of the existing element,
A traction device for a steel rod is attached to the rear end of the element to be press-fitted, and when the element is pressed into a position adjacent to the existing element, the traction device and the starting end of the existing element are connected to the steel rod. And the element is pressed into the soil by pulling the steel rod by a pulling device. [Operation] According to the above-described configuration, the element is press-fitted by the jack attached to the existing element adjacent to the element to be press-fitted or by the traction device attached to the rear end of the element to be press-fitted. The soil is produced by an excavator provided inside the element,
It becomes possible to separate the press-fitting of the element and the discharging of the excavated earth and sand. At the time of press-fitting the element, the reaction force is taken by the existing element, so that special equipment for taking the reaction force is not required, and the size of the entire apparatus can be easily reduced. Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Basically, the element propulsion method according to the present invention also includes:
An excavator such as a cutter head 4 and a screw compare 5 is inserted into the element E, and soil is excavated by the cutter head 4 while the element E is pressed horizontally into the soil. The trough pipe 6 is discharged from the distal end side (left side in FIG. 1) to the proximal end side. However, in the present invention, as means for press-fitting the element E into the soil, as shown in FIG. 1, a rod 10a which expands and contracts in the longitudinal direction of the element E is provided at the leading end of the adjacent existing element E on the starting side. When the jack 10 is attached and the element E is press-fitted to a position adjacent to the existing element E, the element E to be press-fitted is
And the rod 10a of the jack 10 and the jack 10 presses the element E into the ground. First, a jack 10 suitable for use in carrying out this propulsion method will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the jack 10 is a casing 20 integrally connected to the end of the starting end of the element E. The rod 10
A connecting means 21 for connecting the element E and the jack 10 is provided at the tip of a. The casing 20 is formed in the shape of a hollow box having a rectangular cross section similar to that of the element E. In order to facilitate the connection operation with the existing element E, the casing 20 is left partially from the tip to the side, leaving the storage portion 20a of the jack 10. Is formed in a notched shape. The storage section 20a of the casing 20 is
The size is set in consideration of the expansion and contraction distance of the rod 10a of the jack 10, and two rows of bolt holes 20b are formed at equal intervals on each side surface of the connection side of the casing 20. The joint plate 25 is designed so that it can be easily attached at any position around the casing 20. On the other hand, in the illustrated example, the coupling means 21 is attached to the rod 10a of the jack 10 and the storage portion 20a of the casing 20.
The sliding member 21a has a rectangular box shape and a connection pin 21b detachably provided on the sliding member 21a. The casing 20 and the element E are connected to each other by a mounting pin 26 via a joint plate 25 from the inside thereof, and the joint plate 25 has bolt holes 20b having the same pitch as the bolt holes 20b of the casing 20. 25a is formed, and an insertion hole 25b into which the mounting pin 26 is inserted is provided. The element E to be press-fitted has locking holes 40 formed on its side surface at regular intervals at predetermined intervals to engage with the connecting pins 21b of the jack 10. A mounting hole 41 into which the pin 26 is inserted is provided (see FIG. 3). Next, to supplement the description of the excavator mounted in the element E, this excavator basically includes:
It is mainly composed of a cutter head 4 arranged at the tip of the element E and a screw conveyor 5 installed in the element E, and these are located on the starting side of the element E as shown in FIG. Drive motor 30
Is driven to rotate. The jack 10 and the drive motor 30 of the excavator
Are configured to be respectively operated by an operation panel 35A provided in the control unit 35, as shown in FIG. Hereinafter, an element propulsion method when actually constructing a tunnel using the jack 10 and the excavator having the above-described configuration will be described according to a tunnel construction procedure.

[Promotion of the first element]

When press-fitting the first element,
Since there is no existing element E to which the jack 10 is attached, first, a support member for attaching the jack 10 is horizontally arranged in the ground between the starting shaft and the reaching shaft. As the support material, a material suitable for attaching the jack 10 such as H-shaped steel is applied. The mounting of the support material is performed by first passing a wire from the starting shaft 1 to the reaching shaft by a small-diameter boring, and drawing in the H-shaped steel with the wire, similarly to the boring of a tie rod, an earth anchor, or the like. Then, the jack 10 is fixed to the supporting member via the casing 20, and the preparation for press-fitting the element E is completed. In the method of the present invention, it goes without saying that a locking hole 40 for engaging the connecting pin 21b of the jack 10 is formed on the side surface of the element E to be press-fitted. When the fixing of the jack 10 to the support material is completed, the element E to be first press-fitted is set horizontally in the starting shaft, and the jack 10 and the element E are connected via the connecting means 21 and the inside of the element E The cutter head 4, the screw conveyor 5 and the like are inserted into the apparatus. Next, the drive motor 30 and the jack o 10 are operated by the control unit 35 to rotate the cutter arm and the screw conveyor 5 so as to excavate the face while excavating the cutting face and discharge the excavated earth and sand backward. The operation of propelling the element E while pressing horizontally is repeatedly executed, and the element E is disposed between the element E and the reaching shaft.

[Propulsion of Another Element] When the first element E is pushed into the ground by the above procedure, the jack 10 is attached to the starting end of this element E. For this attachment, as shown in FIG. 1, the casing 20 incorporating the jack 10 may be pin-connected to the tip of the existing element E via the joint plate 25 with the attachment pin 26. First, the mounting operation of the casing 20 is performed.
Bolt the joint plate 25 to the inner surface of the
Is inserted into the element E, the insertion holes 25b of the joint plate 25 are aligned with the mounting holes 41 of the element E, and the mounting pins 26 are inserted into these holes. Since the size of the device itself is also small, workability at the site can be improved. The position where the joint plate 25 is attached to the casing 20 may be set at an appropriate position in consideration of the shape of the element E to be press-fitted, the construction posture (vertical and horizontal postures), and the like. In consideration of this point, since a plurality of bolt holes 20b are formed around the casing 20, the mounting position of the joint plate 25 can be arbitrarily changed. Then, when the attachment of the jack 10 to the existing element E is completed, the element E to be press-propelled is set horizontally in the starting shaft 1 like the first element E, and the jack 10 and the element E are connected to each other. The cutter head 4 and the screw conveyor 5 are inserted into the element E while being connected via the connecting means 21. The connecting operation between the element E to be press-fitted and the jack 10 is performed by the connecting means 21 using the sliding member 21 a and the connecting pin 2.
1b, the operation can be easily performed by the operation of inserting the coupling pin 21b into the locking hole 40 of the element E, and the workability in the field can be improved. Incidentally, in order to propel the element E, the drive motor 30 and the jack 10 are controlled by the control unit 35.
Is operated, the cutter arm and the screw conveyor 5 are rotated to excavate the face while excavating the face, and the jack E is used to press the element E horizontally by the jack 10. The press-fitting operation of the element E by the jack 10 is performed by repeating the extending operation of the rod 10a, so that each time the rod 10a is extended, the connecting pin 21b is extended.
Needless to say, in this case, an operation of changing the position of the locking hole 40 of the element E is necessary in this case. In the propulsion operation of the element E, the jack 10 is attached to the existing element E, and the reaction force of the jack 10 is applied to the element E. Therefore, the reaction force of the element E cannot withstand, and the element E itself is grounded. When there is a risk of getting out of the mountain, as shown in FIG.
The receiving beam 42 made of a channel material or the like is welded to the reaching side of the element E so that the element E is prevented from coming off. In order to control the direction of press-fitting of the element E in the propulsion operation of the element E, as shown in FIG. Guide projection attached to
It is preferable to guide the H-shaped steel 36 at 37 because the direction of the element E is stabilized.

[Construction of tunnel]

When the elements E are propelled one after another by the above-described procedure and all the elements E are pushed into the ground in the form of a gate, a girder is attached to both ends of the element, and concrete is filled in the element E. Excavates the earth and sand inside the lining body constructed as described above, and performs secondary lining as necessary to complete the tunnel. According to such a method of propelling the element E, the press-fitting operation of the element E is performed by the jack 10 attached to the existing element E, and the cutting head at the tip of the element E is set in the element E. Since the excavation is performed by the excavator 4 and the screw conveyor 5, there is no need to guide the excavated earth and sand under the jack 10, and it is not necessary to increase the depth of the starting shaft 1. Further, since the press-fitting of the element E and the excavation of the ground are separately performed by different machines (in the embodiment, the jack 10 and the cutter head 4), it is possible to achieve downsizing of these machines. It is no longer restricted by the terrain, and it is possible to improve the applicability especially in a narrow site. In addition, this makes it possible to reduce the transportation cost of equipment such as an excavating machine, a press-fitting machine, and the like, and also to improve the workability since the handling on site is simple. Furthermore, according to this element propulsion method, the excavating mechanism and the press-fitting mechanism can be configured as separate bodies, respectively. Even if there is, the excavator can be easily pulled out from the inside of the element E, and a worker enters the inside of the element E, and the work of removing an obstacle by input can be performed with good workability. Therefore,
In the case where the obstacle frequently appears in a stratum where the obstacle appears, for example, it is possible to continue propulsion while performing excavation by input, and it is possible to switch between so-called mechanical excavation and input excavation extremely smoothly. . FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the propulsion method according to claim 2. In this method, instead of press-fitting the element E by the jack 10, the rear end of the element E to be press-fitted is provided. A traction device 45 for the steel rod W is attached, and when the element E is press-fitted to a position adjacent to the existing element E, the traction device 45 and the starting end of the existing element E are connected by the steel rod W. The greatest feature is that the steel bar W is connected with the pulling device 45 and the element E is pressed into the soil. Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the towing device 45 mainly includes a fixed frame 45a attached to the rear end of the element E and a center hole jack 45b for towing the rod W set in the fixed frame 45a. Is composed of
For the connection between the steel bar W and the element E, means for pin-connecting a joint plate 46 integrally attached to the tip of the steel bar W via a connection pin 47 is applied. The fixing frame 45a is configured to be integrally connected to the rear end of the element E by means such as bolting, and has a square shape for inserting an excavator in the element E at the center thereof. An opening 45c is formed. According to the method of propelling the element E, the steel rod W is operated by the operation of the center hole jack 45b.
Can be continuously towed, so that the connection operation between the jack and the element E can be performed only once, and the workability can be further improved. FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the propulsion method according to claim 2, wherein two center hole jacks 45b are used to pull steel rods W arranged on both sides of an element E to be press-fitted. It is. That is, in this embodiment, two steel rods W
Is fixed to a mounting frame 48 to which the tip of the element E is integrally connected, and a fixing frame 45d which is connected to the rear end of the element E to be press-fitted while being fitted to the opening of the element E is attached to the fixing frame 45d. The element E is pressed into the soil by two supported center hole jacks 4a. Needless to say, the fixed frame 45d is also formed with an opening 45c for inserting an excavator or the like into the element E. According to the propulsion method of the element E using the traction device 45 having such a configuration, the steel rods W arranged on the left and right sides of the element E to be press-fitted are inserted into two center hole jacks.
Since the element E can be continuously pulled by the 45a to press-fit the element E, it is possible to prevent the traction force from being raised, and to improve the reliability during work. In each of the above-described embodiments, an example in which a rectangular section element is used as the tunnel lining element is shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Of course, the present invention can also be applied to a cylindrical steel pipe or the like to be used. “Effects of the Invention” As described above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained. In the method for propelling an element for tunnel lining according to claim 1, the excavator provided inside the element excavates earth and sand at the tip of the element while pressing the hollow box-shaped element for tunnel lining horizontally into the soil. In a method of propelling elements one by one and connecting the elements along a tunnel lining cross section, a jack having a rod extending and contracting in a longitudinal direction of the element at a transmitting end of an adjacent existing element. When the element is press-fitted at a position adjacent to the existing element, the element to be press-fitted is connected to the jack, and the element is pressed into the soil by the jack. Therefore, the press-fitting mechanism of Emerent and the discharging mechanism of excavated sediment can be separated,
The apparatus can be reduced in size, and the applicability of tunnel construction work in a narrow site can be improved. Further, the above-mentioned structure can reduce the transportation cost of the apparatus, reduce the size of the starting shaft, facilitate the earth removal process, and improve the maintenance of the apparatus. In the method of propelling an element for tunnel lining according to claim 2, instead of the jack attached to the leading end of the existing element, a traction device for a steel rod is attached to the rear end of the element to be press-fitted. When press-fitting the element at a position adjacent to the element, the traction device and the already-started element start-side tip are connected by a steel rod,
Since the steel rod is pulled by a pulling device and the element is pressed into the soil, it is possible to achieve the same effect as the method of claim 1. The element can be press-fitted in a connected manner by the action of the traction device attached to the element to be press-fitted, and the workability of field work can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 4 are views for explaining an embodiment of a method for propelling an element for tunnel lining according to claim 1, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which the element is being propelled. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which the element is being propelled by guiding the H-shaped steel, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a jack suitable for use in this propulsion method, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a receiving beam is attached to the element to prevent the element from coming off. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the method for propelling a tunnel lining element according to claim 2; FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the method for propelling a tunnel lining element according to claim 2, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are shown for explaining a conventional propulsion method. Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing the structure of a propulsion unit. E: Element, 1: Starting shaft, 4: Cutter head, 5: Screw conveyor, 10: Jack, 10
a ... rod, 20 ... casing, 21 ... connecting means, 25
... Joint plate, 25a ... Bolt hole, 26 ... Mounting pin, 30 ...
… Drive motor, 35… control unit, 40… locking hole, 41… mounting hole, 45… traction device, 46… joint plate,
47 ... Connecting pin.

Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Masaru Muta 2-6-21 Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Rose Bay Yaesu Building Ishikawajima Building Materials Industry Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-55-16125 (JP, A) 54-156324 (JP, A)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. An element for tunnel lining of a hollow box type is horizontally pressed into the soil while excavating the earth and sand at the tip of the element by an excavator provided inside the element, and the elements are propelled one by one. In the method of building in a state of being connected along the lining section of the tunnel,
A jack equipped with a rod that expands and contracts in the longitudinal direction of the element is attached to the starting end of the adjacent existing element, and when the element is pressed into a position adjacent to the existing element, the element to be press-fitted is A method of propelling an element for tunnel lining, comprising connecting a rod of the jack and pressing the element into the soil with the jack. 2. A method for propelling a tunnel lining element according to claim 1, wherein a pulling device for a steel rod is attached to the rear end of the element to be press-fitted, instead of the jack attached to the starting end of the existing element. In addition, when the element is press-fitted to a position adjacent to the existing element, the towing device and the starting end of the existing element are connected by a steel rod, and the steel rod is towed by the towing device to remove the element. A method for propelling elements for tunnel lining, characterized by being pressed into the soil.