JP2602277B2 - Pest control tool and pest control method using the same - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pest control tool and a pest control method using the same, and particularly to longhorn beetles, scarab beetles, grasshoppers, aphids, thrips, planthoppers, Pest control tool with excellent insecticidal effect against insects attracted to specific colors such as leafhoppers, whiteflies, flies, dipterocarpaceae such as diamondback moths and whiteflies, and a method for controlling pests using the same About.

(Prior art) When exterminating pests, humans and animals are harmed in places where pesticides are used. As a method of exterminating pests in a manner that does not harm humans and animals, for example, Beauveria Basina (Be
auveria bassiana) and metalolidium anisopria (Me
Attempts have been made to control natural enemy fungi such as tarrhizium anisopliae). Conventionally, control has been carried out by culturing these filamentous fungi in a suitable medium such as bran, and then removing the filamentous fungi together with this medium in large quantities directly on the ground or the like. This is because the infection of the fungi with the insects is carried out transdermally, and it is necessary to bring the pests into contact with the pathogenic fungi. It is a higher rate.

However, simply spraying the culture medium with the filamentous fungi in the field environment is effective because the infection rate of the pests by the filamentous fungi is low and the conidia of the filamentous fungi decrease rapidly over time. It has the disadvantage of a short duration. In other words, when a medium in which a filamentous fungus is cultured is sprayed in an outdoor environment, the filamentous fungus cannot sufficiently absorb the cultivating component, and is in a state close to a dormant cell, and the desired insecticidal effect of the filamentous fungus is expressed. I can't get it.
In addition, among the spread filamentous fungi, many bacteria are absorbed into the soil without adhering to the trees, and the insecticidal efficiency is poor. Moreover, bacteria attached to trees may be washed away due to natural conditions (rain, wind, etc.).

Therefore, a method of installing a foam attached with a pathogenic filamentous fungus on the path of the pest's habitat, for example, a black hole, a perforating pest such as black beetle, mates on a mulberry tree,
The female adult has a habit of descending to the mulberry root for spawning, so by installing a pest control tool cultivating pathogenic fungi on the mulberry, the effective sustainability is increased. In addition, methods for efficiently infecting with a small amount of installation have been proposed (for example, Japanese Patent Application Nos. 61-222480 and 62-93).
978).

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, according to the above-described method, the method is effective only when the pest directly contacts the pest control device or approaches the pest control device, and the pest is not affected by the pathogenic fungus. It is not an effective measure when you are outside the range of the infection.

The present invention further develops the above-mentioned conventional technology, and in particular, with the aim of efficiently infecting pathogenic fungi with pests,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a pest control tool having an attractive force against a diurnal flying wing pest of a foam for culturing a filamentous fungus and a pest control method which can be easily carried out using the tool.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a method for culturing pest-infecting bacteria such as filamentous fungi together with a medium component in a foam matrix.
A pest control device capable of maintaining infectivity for a long time even in an outdoor environment is obtained, and at least a part of the surface of the pest control device, by attracting a pest attracting color sheet, for example, by attaching a yellow or white sheet. Alternatively, the pests can be positively attracted and brought closer to the pest control device, or can be brought into contact with the pest control device. As a result, the range of infection by the filamentous fungus can be expanded, and the stay period of the pest around the pest control container can be lengthened, and the infection rate of the filamentous fungus can be increased. Furthermore, the present inventors have found that simply placing the foam near the habitat of the pest to be exterminated will cause the pest to be attracted and stay for a long time, and a desired insecticidal effect to be obtained at a high infection rate. Was completed based on

That is, the pest control tool of the present invention is a pest control tool obtained by culturing a fungus for pest infection on a foam for microbial culture containing a medium component in a foam matrix, wherein the surface of the foam for microbial culture is used. The above object is achieved by attaching the attraction color sheet to at least a part thereof. Further, the pest control device is a pest control device obtained by culturing a fungus for pest infection on a foam for microbial culture containing a cultivar in a foam matrix, and the foam for microbial culture is pest-inducing color. It may have a colored portion colored.

The pest control method of the present invention is a pest control method using the pest control tool, which includes arranging the pest control tool in or near a habitat of a pest, such as a trunk or a branch of a tree to be controlled. Thus, the above object is achieved.

The attraction color of each pest is known as shown in Table 1 below, and it is necessary to prepare an attraction color sheet with a color corresponding to the pest to be exterminated or to color the microbial culture foam with the color. Is preferred. In the case of controlling a plurality of kinds of pests, a plurality of colors can be used in combination. When the attracting color sheet is attached to the surface of the foam for microbial culture, the attracting color sheet may be attached to both opposing surfaces of the foam for microbial culture, or to one surface, or the surface of the foam for microbial culture may be attached. An attractive color sheet may be attached to a part. The means for attaching the attracting color sheet may be adhesion or physical locking. When coloring the foam for microbial culture, the foam for microbial culture may be colored with an attractive color or only a part thereof. Further, only the outer surface of the foam for microbial culture may be colored.

Foam matrices that can be used in the present invention include, for example, polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, vinyl chloride foam, polyethylene foam, and polyester foam. Particularly, polyurethane foam is preferable.

Pest infection bacteria include, for example, Beauveria tenella (Be
auveria tenella), Beauveria
bassiana), Metallidium anisoprié (Metarrhiz)
ium anisopliae, Verticilium crab (Verticil)
lium lecanii), Cinematium Johnesie (Synnemat)
ium jonesii). To control longhorn beetles,
Beauveria tenella is particularly preferred.

The medium components contain inorganic salts and natural organic substances in an assimilable carbon source and an assimilable nitrogen source. For the carbon source, for example, glucose, saccharose, lactose,
There are maltose, glycerin, starch and molasses. Nitrogen sources include, for example, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, and ammonium nitrate. Inorganic salts include, for example,
There are phosphates such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium, potassium and calcium. Examples of natural organic substances include animal tissue extracts or ground products such as meat extract, fish meat extract, and pupa flour; plant tissue extracts such as malt extract, corn steep liquor, and soybean oil; dry yeast, yeast extract, polypeptone, and the like. Or an extract thereof. As a medium composed of such a medium component, a synthetic medium such as a Tzapek's medium and a natural medium such as a pupa powder medium and an agar medium are used.

The foam for microbial culture is obtained, for example, by foaming a foam composition together with a medium component. In this way, since the medium component is incorporated into the foam matrix, culturing can be performed not only on the surface of the foam but also inside the foam, thereby effectively culturing the bacteria for insect pest infection. Since the fungus for pest infection can sufficiently absorb the medium component present in the foam matrix, the fungus does not become a dormant cell, and the insecticidal effect is enhanced. The media components are primarily physically incorporated into the foam matrix during foaming of the foam composition. However, for example, when the medium component has an amino group and a carboxyl group and the foam composition has an isocyanate group, the medium component and the foam matrix chemically react. Thereby, the medium component is supported by a chemical bond in the foam matrix by a urea bond or an acid amide bond. In this way, the medium components are firmly supported by the foam matrix. At the same time, the culture is incorporated into the foam matrix. Therefore, there is little possibility that the cultured bacteria will peel off or flow out under natural conditions. The hydroxyl group of the medium component reacts with the isocyanate group to generate carbon dioxide gas, thereby promoting foaming.

A polyurethane foam is obtained by reacting a polyether polyol or a polyester polyol, an isocyanate compound having two or more isocyanate groups in a molecule, and water or another blowing agent to foam. As the isocyanate compound, a general polyfunctional isocyanate is used, and examples thereof include tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, diphenyl diisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate, xylene diisocyanate, butane diisocyanate, and triphenylmethane-4,4 ', 4 "-triisocyanate. The polyether polyol or polyester polyol reacts with an isocyanate compound to form a urethane prepolymer, and by reacting the urethane prepolymer with water, carbon dioxide is generated and foamed to form a polyurethane foam. You.

Polystyrene foam is obtained by adding a blowing agent (pentane, hexane, heptane, etc.) to a polystyrene prepolymer,
It is formed by emulsion polymerization in water. PVC foam is
It can be obtained by a pyrolysis method or a gas blowing method. The polyethylene foam is obtained by adding a foaming agent such as petroleum ether or gas freon 12 to a polyethylene prepolymer, kneading, and heating and foaming.

Regardless of which foam is used, the prepolymer before foaming is added with a foaming agent together with a foaming component to cause foaming, whereby the fabricating component is incorporated into the foam matrix. However, a foam matrix (peptide matrix) may be formed by using a peptide such as soluble collagen, gelatin, or albumin, and the foam matrix may be impregnated with the matrix. The peptide matrix is formed by reacting an aqueous solution of the peptide with an isocyanate compound having two or more isocyanate groups in the molecule.
The polyfunctional isocyanate is used for this isocyanate compound.

Part of the isocyanate compound reacts with water to generate carbon dioxide gas, and part of the isocyanate compound reacts with the amino group and carboxyl group of the peptide to form a urea bond and an acid amide bond. As a result, a polyurethane foam having a peptide matrix in the molecule is obtained. The obtained polyurethane foam has excellent hydrophilicity and water retention as compared with general polyurethane foams, and excellent naturalness due to proteolytic enzymes, depending on the properties of the peptide contained in the molecule. It has disintegration properties. If the polyurethane foam is impregnated with the solid component, the solid component is firmly supported in the foam matrix.

The peptide may be added while the medium component is foamed together with the foam composition. Thereby, the matrix component is more firmly incorporated by both the foam matrix and the peptide matrix.

If the foam matrix is a polyurethane foam, the prepolymer (a reaction product of a polyether or polyester and an isocyanate compound), water and other blowing agents are added to the solid component and subjected to the reaction. The water-soluble medium component is made into an aqueous solution and mixed with the prepolymer. The water-insoluble medium component is dispersed in an aqueous solution of the prepolymer. The amount of water is preferably in the range of 10 to 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the prepolymer. If the amount is less than 10 parts by weight, the foaming reaction is delayed, and a foam having a desired foaming density cannot be obtained. The reaction between the prepolymer and the solid component and the loading of the solid component in the foam matrix are not sufficiently performed. When the amount exceeds 100 parts by weight, the reaction between water and the prepolymer takes precedence, so that the solid component is hardly taken into the foam matrix. The mixing component is used in an amount of 20 to 500 parts by weight, preferably 50 to 200 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the prepolymer. If the amount is less than 20 parts by weight, the matrix component is not sufficiently contained in the foam matrix. More than 500 parts by weight of the overlay component cannot be carried in the foam matrix.

The foam matrix preferably contains a hydrophilic polymer to increase water retention. With the inclusion of the hydrophilic polymer, there is little need to rehydrate the foam matrix. Hydrophilic polymers include, for example, agar, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide.

The foam for microbial cultivation thus obtained is made to contain an appropriate amount of water and then autoclaved (120 ° C., 1.2 at
m), etc., and inoculated with bacteria for pest infection. Next, the foam is subjected to culture at, for example, 25 ° C. for about 2 weeks. By culturing, the surface of the foam is covered with hyphae and spores to form a pest control tool. Spores have a higher insecticidal effect against insects such as longhorn beetles than hypha. The number of spores grows at least 10 ⁵ per cm ² of the surface area of the foam. The number of spores is usually 10 ⁵ to 10 ⁷ / cm ² .

The obtained pest control tool is used, for example, for controlling longhorn beetles. As a control method, the foam may be sprayed on a tree such as mulberry, but it is preferable to arrange the method by wrapping a pest control tool around a tree trunk or a branch in order to enhance the insecticidal effect. Longhorn beetles have a habit of wearing trunks and branches of trees, and if this foam is wrapped around trunks and branches, the insecticidal effect is improved.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The pest control tool and the pest control method using the same according to the present invention can be applied to color-induced diurnal flying wing pests in addition to longicorn beetles.

By using the foam of the present invention to parasitize the filamentous fungus to adults of scarab beetles, even if the adults themselves cannot be killed,
Eggs laid by adults do not hatch.

(Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples.

Example 1 To 1000 g of a urethane prepolymer (isocyanate compound; sofranate, manufactured by Toyo Tire & Rubber Co., Ltd.), pupa powder 3
100 g of glucose, 150 g of glucose, 100 g of agar, and 300 g of a 5% aqueous gelatin solution were added and kneaded, and the mixture was foamed between two yellow polypropylene films (40 μm thick) to a thickness of 10 mm to form a band-shaped filamentous fungus having a width of 15 mm. A culture foam was obtained.

Next, 10 cm of the foam obtained as described above was sterilized in an autoclave (120 ° C., 1.2 atm) for 20 minutes.

On the other hand, 40 g of pupa flour was added to water 1 to extract an extract, and 20 g of glucose was further added to obtain a basic medium. Next, 100 ml of the basic medium and 10 ml of a liquid culture solution of Verticillium lecanii were mixed and impregnated with 1 ml of the foam, and cultured at 25 ° C. for 2 weeks.
After culturing, the number of spores was determined to be 1.9 × 10 ⁶ cells / cm ²
Met.

Bench sillium recani (Ve
rticillium lecanii) was treated with a 200 m long strawberry cultivation garden (about 260 m ² ) in a glass greenhouse, and a similar untreated garden was prepared as a control. The aphids of the strawberry cultivation garden of this example were mainly strawberry aphids and cotton aphids, and the parasitic abundance of each of the two strawberry strains was measured for these two aphids. Table 2 shows the results.

From the results shown in Table 2, it was confirmed that the pest control tool of this example can obtain a high control effect.

Example 2 To 1000 g of a urethane preprimer (isocyanate compound; sophthanate, manufactured by Toyo Tire & Rubber Co., Ltd.), pupa powder 3
00g, glucose 150g, agar 100g and yellow organic pigment 10g
Was added and kneaded, and 300 g of a 5% gelatin aqueous solution was further added to foam the mixture, thereby obtaining a foam for culturing filamentous fungi.

Next, the foam obtained in this way is 10 mm thick and 10 mm wide.
Cut into 30mm strips, autoclave (120 ℃, 1.2at
m) for 20 minutes.

On the other hand, 40 g of pupa flour was added to water 1 to extract the extract, and 20 g of glucose was further added to obtain a substrate medium. Next, 200 ml of the basic medium and 20 ml of a liquid culture of Benticillium lecanii were added to the foam.
The mixture was mixed, impregnated, and cultured at 25 ° C. for 2 weeks. After culture
When the number of spores was measured, it was 2.3 × 10 ⁶ cells / cm ² .

The Benchsilium Likani obtained in this way (Vert
icillium lecanii) treated 200 m long in a strawberry cultivation garden (about 260 m ² ) in a glass greenhouse.
A similar untreated garden was prepared. The aphids of the strawberry cultivation garden of this example were mainly strawberry aphids and cotton aphids, and the parasitic abundance of each of the two strawberry strains was measured for these two aphids. Table 3 shows the results.

From the results shown in Table 3, it was confirmed that the pest control tool of this example had a high control effect.

(Effect of the Invention) The pest control device of the present invention has a high cultivation efficiency and an excellent insecticidal effect, because the bacterium for transmitting a pest is cultured in a foam matrix. In particular, the insecticidal effect on color-induced diurnal flying pests is high. The cultured bacteria are firmly supported in the foam matrix, and are not detached or washed away under natural conditions or the like. Moreover, since the insects are killed using the cells, they do not harm humans and animals as compared with chemical insecticides.
Furthermore, since the pests can be actively attracted by the attraction color and brought closer to the pest control device or brought into contact with the pest control device, the range of infection by the pathogenic fungi can be expanded and the pest control device can be used around the pest control device. Can increase the infection rate of filamentous fungi. In addition, after migration of the infected individual, mating and egg laying become secondary sources of infection, so that a higher control effect can be obtained.

In the pest control method of the present invention, since the pest control tool is arranged at or near the pest's habitat, the pests can be effectively killed at a high infection rate. Moreover, the operation is easy. Therefore, the pest control device of the present invention and the pest control method using the same can be effectively used for controlling diurnal flying pests induced by color.

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pest control device comprising a microorganism for culture containing a medium component in a foam matrix, and an insect-controlling fungus cultured on a foam for microbial culture, wherein at least a part of the surface of the foam for microbial culture comprises a pest Pest control tool with attracting color sheet attached. 2. A pest control device in which a microorganism for harmful insects is cultured on a foam for microbial culture containing a medium component in a foam matrix, wherein the foam for microbial culture is colored in a pest-inducing color. A pest control tool having a colored portion. 3. The foam for microbial culture obtained by foaming a foam composition together with a medium component.
The pest control tool described. 4. A pest using a pest control tool, wherein a microorganism for pest infection is cultured on a foam for microbial culture containing a medium component in a foam matrix, and a pest attracting color sheet is attached to at least a part of the surface. A method of controlling pests, comprising arranging the device for controlling pests in or near a habitat of a pest to be controlled. 5. A pest control using a pest control tool, wherein a microbe for microbial infection is cultured on a microbial culture foam containing a medium component in a foam matrix, and a pest control tool having a colored portion colored in a pest-inducing color. A method of controlling pests, comprising placing the pest control device in or near a habitat of a pest to be controlled.