JP2603996B2 - Biological cell model element - Google Patents
Biological cell model elementInfo
- Publication number
- JP2603996B2 JP2603996B2 JP63096851A JP9685188A JP2603996B2 JP 2603996 B2 JP2603996 B2 JP 2603996B2 JP 63096851 A JP63096851 A JP 63096851A JP 9685188 A JP9685188 A JP 9685188A JP 2603996 B2 JP2603996 B2 JP 2603996B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- thin film
- aqueous solution
- ionic aqueous
- bio
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K9/127—Synthetic bilayered vehicles, e.g. liposomes or liposomes with cholesterol as the only non-phosphatidyl surfactant
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は、生物の神経における情報発現及びその伝達
機能に近似する機能を有する生体細胞モデル素子に関す
る。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a biological cell model element having a function similar to information expression and transmission function in nerves of living organisms.
（従来の技術） 一般に使用されるコンピュータは、代表的なシリコン
半導体素子を用いて構成され所謂フオン・ノイマン方式
の直列型の論理演算を実行するものである。この方式は
周知のように正確な論理演算に適しているが、情報の連
続的かつ並列処理に関しては幾多の未解決の問題があっ
た。(Prior Art) A commonly used computer is configured using a typical silicon semiconductor device and executes a so-called von Neumann serial logic operation. While this approach is well known for accurate logical operations, it has a number of unresolved issues regarding the continuous and parallel processing of information.
そして上記フオン・ノイマン方式のコンピュータが不
得意なものの１つにパターン認識がある。生物はこのパ
ターン認識が得意であるが、実際に生物がどのような作
用機能又は原理に基づき、または如何なる構成の素子を
用いてパターン認識を実行しているかについては不明な
点が多く、多くの研究者がこれらの解明を行っている
（例えばJ.V.Brunt,バイオテクノロジー Biotechnolog
y,3,209（1985））。One of the disadvantages of the Huon Neumann computer is pattern recognition. Living organisms are good at pattern recognition, but there are many unclear points on what kind of function or principle the living organisms actually use to perform pattern recognition, or with what kind of constituent elements. Researchers are elucidating these (eg JVBrunt, Biotechnolog
y, 3,209 (1985)).
そこでこのような生物の情報処理機能の詳細を解明し
それを模倣することができれば従来の上記フオン・ノイ
マン方式のコンピュータの不得意な情報処理を可能とす
る全く新方式のコンピュータすなわちバイオコンピュー
タを実現することが可能であると考えられている。Therefore, if we could elucidate the details of the information processing functions of such living things and imitate them, we would realize a completely new type of computer, that is, a biocomputer that would enable the above-mentioned conventional Huon-Neumann type computer to perform weak information processing. It is believed that it is possible to.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） 生体内の情報発現、その伝達あるいはそれらの情報処
理制御にはイオン及び化学物質が関与している。例えば
神経細胞においては、或る種の刺激によりその軸索末端
に神経インパルスが到達すると小胞体中に内包されてい
た化学物質がシナプス前膜より放出され、これが隣接す
る細胞のシナプス後膜に拡散して該シナプス後膜上のレ
セプタに結合し、このシナプス後膜で新たな神経インパ
ルスが誘起される情報伝達が行われるのである。即ち生
物情報伝達とは、電気インパルスと化学的物質との組合
せにより行われるもので、これが電子１種のみによる従
来のフオン・ノイマン方式コンピュータの情報処理方法
と根本的に異なる点である。ここで生物の情報処理を模
倣するバイオコンピュータでは情報伝達物質としてイオ
ンや化学物質を用いることが考えられるが従来そのよう
な素子は見出されていない。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Ions and chemical substances are involved in the expression and transmission of information in a living body or the control of those information processing. For example, in nerve cells, when a nerve impulse arrives at the axon terminal due to a certain kind of stimulation, chemicals contained in the endoplasmic reticulum are released from the presynaptic membrane, which diffuses to the postsynaptic membrane of adjacent cells Then, it binds to a receptor on the postsynaptic membrane, and a new nerve impulse is induced in the postsynaptic membrane to transmit information. That is, biological information transmission is performed by a combination of an electric impulse and a chemical substance, which is fundamentally different from the information processing method of a conventional von Neumann computer using only one kind of electron. Here, in a biocomputer that imitates information processing of living organisms, it is conceivable to use ions or chemical substances as information transmitting substances, but such elements have not been found conventionally.
この発明はバイオコンピュータの情報処理用素子とし
て情報伝達物質にインオンや化学物質を用いた素子を提
供することを目的とするものである。An object of the present invention is to provide an element using an inon or a chemical substance as an information transmitting substance as an information processing element of a biocomputer.
（課題を解決するための手段） 本発明は、神経細胞あるいは視細胞など生体細胞の情
報伝達機能に近似した機能を具備する生体細胞モデル素
子において、 第１のイオン性水溶液及び第２のイオン性水溶液と、 多孔質支持体に生体類似物質を含浸付着させてなる生
体類似薄膜であって、上記第１のイオン性水溶液と上記
第２のイオン性水溶液とを隔てるように且つその一方及
び他方の側面がそれぞれ上記第１及び第２のイオン性水
溶液に浸されるように設置され、自発的に或いは化学物
質又は光による刺激でイオン透過性を変え電気信号を発
生する生体類似薄膜と、 電解液と、 上記電解液中に離間して設置され且つ上記生体類似薄
膜の両側面に生じた電気信号が伝達される第１の電極及
び第２の電極であって、イオン又は化学物質からなる情
報伝達物質がドープされ且つ上記生体類似薄膜の一方の
側面の電位が伝達される第１の電極と、上記生体類似薄
膜の他方の側面の電位が伝達される第２の電極と、 上記生体類似薄膜の両側面に生じた電気信号を上記第
１及び第２の電極に伝達する情報伝達回路と、を備え、 上記生体類似薄膜の両側面に生じた電気信号に応じ
て、上記第１電極がイオン又は化学物質からなる上記情
報伝達物質の取込又は放出を行うことを特徴とする。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention relates to a biological cell model element having a function similar to an information transmission function of a biological cell such as a nerve cell or a visual cell, comprising a first ionic aqueous solution and a second ionic liquid. An aqueous solution and a bio-like thin film obtained by impregnating and adhering a bio-like substance to a porous support, wherein the first ionic aqueous solution and the second ionic aqueous solution are separated from each other and one and the other of the two. A bio-like thin film which is installed so that its side surfaces are respectively immersed in the first and second ionic aqueous solutions, and which changes an ion permeability spontaneously or by stimulation with a chemical substance or light to generate an electric signal; And a first electrode and a second electrode that are separately installed in the electrolytic solution and transmit electric signals generated on both side surfaces of the bio-like thin film, and are made of ions or chemical substances. A first electrode to which a signaling substance is doped and to which a potential of one side of the bio-like film is transmitted; a second electrode to which a potential of the other side of the bio-like film is transmitted; An information transmission circuit for transmitting an electric signal generated on both sides of the thin film to the first and second electrodes, wherein the first electrode is provided in accordance with the electric signals generated on both sides of the biologically similar thin film. It is characterized in that the above-mentioned information transmitting substance composed of ions or chemical substances is taken in or released.
第１図は本発明の一実施態様を示す概略説明図であ
る。4,5は異種（例えばK+とNa+）イオンあるいは同種
（例えばK+あるいはNa+）イオンからなる水溶液であ
り、その中間に、自発的あるいは化学物質や光などの刺
激によりイオン透過性を変化する薄膜６をはさむ構成と
し、該薄膜６の両側面に電気信号を発生するようになっ
ている。発生した電気信号は塩橋1,標準電極2,導線３を
通して電極8,9に導かれる。これらの電極８あるいは９
の一方は、電位変化によりイオンや化学物質の取込及び
放出を行うことができるものであって、例えばポリピロ
ールなどの電解重合有機薄膜やグラフアイト電極などが
用いられる。上記イオンや化学物質の取込・放出は電解
液10中で行われる。FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing one embodiment of the present invention. Reference numerals 4 and 5 denote aqueous solutions containing ions of different types (for example, K + and Na + ) or of the same type (for example, K + or Na + ). It is configured to sandwich the changing thin film 6 so as to generate electric signals on both side surfaces of the thin film 6. The generated electric signal is guided to the electrodes 8 and 9 through the salt bridge 1, the standard electrode 2 and the conductor 3. These electrodes 8 or 9
One of them is capable of taking in and releasing ions and chemical substances by a change in potential. For example, an electropolymerized organic thin film such as polypyrrole or a graphite electrode is used. Uptake and release of the ions and chemical substances are performed in the electrolyte 10.
かかる構成を具備した本発明の素子は上述した自発的
にあるいは化学物質や光などの刺激により薄膜６に電気
信号を発生させ、これをイオンや化学物質の情報伝達物
質に変換し、これを増幅された信号とし得るのである。The device of the present invention having such a configuration generates an electric signal in the thin film 6 spontaneously or by the stimulation of a chemical substance or light, converts the signal into an ion or chemical information transmitting substance, and amplifies the signal. It can be a signal obtained.
（作用） この発明の素子においては、上記イオン性水溶液中に
自発的あるいは化学物質又は光などの刺激でイオン透過
性を変え電気信号を発生する生体類似薄膜があり、上記
の如くこの薄膜に発生する電気信号によって上記電極が
情報伝達物質であるイオン又は化学物質を取込み又は放
出する作用を示し、これを情報として処理する生体細胞
に相似た作用を示す。(Function) In the device of the present invention, there is a bio-like thin film which changes the ionic permeability spontaneously or when stimulated by a chemical substance or light to generate an electric signal in the ionic aqueous solution. The electrode exhibits an action of taking in or releasing an ion or a chemical substance as a signal transmitting substance by the electric signal generated, and exhibits an action similar to that of a living cell which processes this as information.
（実 施 例） 以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。(Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
まず、孔径10μｍのテフロン製多孔質膜（例えばミリ
ポア社製のミリポアフィルター）を生体膜類似物質であ
るトリオレイン （式中Ｒは である） に24〜96H浸漬し該ミリポアフィルター内にトリオレイ
ンを含浸付着させて薄膜６を構成する。First, a Teflon porous membrane (for example, a Millipore filter manufactured by Millipore) having a pore diameter of 10 μm was applied to a biomembrane-like substance, triolein. (Where R is The thin film 6 is formed by immersion in the filter for 24 to 96 hours and impregnation and adhesion of triolein in the Millipore filter.
次に第１図のように得られた薄膜６の両側に0.5MのKC
l水溶液４及びNaCl水溶液５を収容し薄膜６の両側面の
電位差の変化を高インピーダンス電位計で測定したとこ
ろ第２図に示すように２〜３分周期の200mV程度の正方
向（KCl側）への自発的な発振が見られた。Next, 0.5M KC is applied on both sides of the thin film 6 obtained as shown in FIG.
l The aqueous solution 4 and the NaCl aqueous solution 5 were accommodated, and the change in the potential difference on both sides of the thin film 6 was measured with a high impedance potentiometer. As shown in FIG. Spontaneous oscillations were observed.
次に発生した電位パウルスを上述の第１図の塩橋１、
標準電極２、及び導線３を通して0.1Mリン酸緩衝溶液
（pH7.0）中に浸漬した白金電極８と、あらかじめカチ
オン性神経伝達物質アセチルコリンをドープしておいた
層状グラフアイト電極９に導いた。該グラフアイト中へ
のアセチルコリンのドープは0.1Mアセトニトリル溶液中
でポテンシオスタットを用い−2.5Vで定電位還元して行
った。Next, the generated potential pawl is converted to the salt bridge 1 shown in FIG.
A platinum electrode 8 immersed in a 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0) through a standard electrode 2 and a lead wire 3 and a layered graphite electrode 9 previously doped with a cationic neurotransmitter acetylcholine were led. The dope of acetylcholine into the graphite was carried out in a 0.1 M acetonitrile solution by constant potential reduction at −2.5 V using a potentiostat.
第３図は発生した電位パルスによって生ずるグラフア
イト電極上のアノード電流を示したものであるが、これ
は溶液中へのアセチルコリンへの放出によるものであ
る。また上記ミリポアフィルター中へのトリオレイン含
漬量やKCl水溶液とNaCl水溶液の濃度を変えて−２〜−
2.5の負方向への電位を発生させれば、発生した電位パ
ルスによってグラフアイト電極中へのアセチルコリンの
取込を行うこともできる。FIG. 3 shows the anodic current on the graphite electrode caused by the generated potential pulse, which is due to the release of acetylcholine into the solution. The amount of triolein impregnated in the Millipore filter and the concentrations of the KCl aqueous solution and the NaCl aqueous solution were changed by -2 to-
By generating a negative potential of 2.5, acetylcholine can be taken into the graphite electrode by the generated potential pulse.
以上本発明の実施例では自発的に電位パルスを発生す
る膜としてトリオレインを含浸付着させたミリポアフィ
ルタをあげたがトリオレインに限らず水面上に展開した
リン脂質（例えばジオレイルレシチン）の単分子膜を多
孔質膜に移し取ること、即ちLangmuir−Blodgett法によ
り作成したリン脂質薄膜などでも同様な効果が得られ
る。As described above, in the embodiment of the present invention, a millipore filter impregnated with triolein was used as a membrane for spontaneously generating a potential pulse. The same effect can be obtained by transferring the molecular film to a porous film, that is, a phospholipid thin film formed by the Langmuir-Blodgett method.
上記の例は自発的に電位パルスを発生する膜について
説明したが、これらに限るわけではなく、化学物質や光
などの刺激により電気信号を発生する膜、即ち味細胞，
臭細胞あるいは視細胞類似のモデル素子にもなり得る。
一方、化学物質を取込・放出する電極については本実施
例では、カチオン性神経伝達物質アセチルコリンを取込
・放出するグラフアイト電極の例をあげたが、かかるグ
ラフアイトに限らずポリピロールなどの導電性高分子を
電気化学的に重合した膜厚が0.1〜５μｍの電解重合有
機薄膜などでも同様な効果が得られる。In the above example, a membrane that spontaneously generates a potential pulse has been described. However, the membrane is not limited to these, and a membrane that generates an electric signal by stimulation of a chemical substance or light, that is, a taste cell,
It can also be a model element similar to odor cells or photoreceptors.
On the other hand, as for the electrode which takes in and releases the chemical substance, in this embodiment, the example of the graphite electrode which takes in and releases the cationic neurotransmitter acetylcholine is given. The same effect can be obtained by an electrolytically polymerized organic thin film having a film thickness of 0.1 to 5 μm obtained by electrochemically polymerizing a conductive polymer.
（発明の効果） 以上詳細に説明したように本発明の素子によれば上述
の如くイオン性水溶液中に自発的あるいは化学物質又は
光などの刺激でイオン透過性を変え電気信号を発生する
生体類似薄膜があり、この薄膜に発生する電気信号によ
って上記電極が情報伝達物質であるイオン又は化学物質
を取込み又は放出する作用を示し、これを情報として処
理する、生体細胞例えば神経細胞あるいは視細胞などに
類似の機能を有する素子であるのでバイオコンピュータ
を構成する有用な素子となり得る。(Effects of the Invention) As described in detail above, according to the device of the present invention, as described above, a living body resembling an ionic aqueous solution that generates an electric signal by changing the ion permeability spontaneously or by a stimulus such as a chemical substance or light. There is a thin film, and the electrode shows the action of taking in or releasing ions or chemical substances as information transmitting substances by an electric signal generated in the thin film, and processes this as information, for living cells such as nerve cells or visual cells. Since the element has a similar function, it can be a useful element constituting a biocomputer.
第１図は本発明の一実施態様の概略説明図、第２図及び
第３図電位パルス波形図である。 １……塩橋、３……導線、4,5……イオン溶液、６……
薄膜、8,9……電極。FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are potential pulse waveform diagrams. 1 ... Salt bridge, 3 ... Conductor wire, 4,5 ... Ionic solution, 6 ...
Thin films, 8,9 ... electrodes.
Claims (1)
水溶液と、 多孔質支持体に生体類似物質を含浸付着させてなる生体
類似薄膜であって、前記第１のイオン性水溶液と前記第
２のイオン性水溶液とを隔てるように且つその一方及び
他方の側面がそれぞれ前記第１及び第２のイオン性水溶
液に浸されるように設置され、自発的に或いは化学物質
又は光による刺激でイオン透過性を変え電気信号を発生
する生体類似薄膜と、 電解液と、 前記電解液中に離間して設置され且つ前記生体類似薄膜
の両側面に生じた電気信号が伝達される第１の電極及び
第２の電極であって、イオン又は化学物質からなる情報
伝達物質がドープされ且つ前記生体類似薄膜の一方の側
面の電位が伝達される第１の電極と、前記生体類似薄膜
の他方の側面の電位が伝達される第２の電極と、 前記生体類似薄膜の両側面に生じた電気信号を前記第１
及び第２の電極に伝達する情報伝達回路と、を備え、 前記生体類似薄膜の両側面に生じた電気信号に応じて、
前記第１電極がイオン又は化学物質からなる前記情報伝
達物質の取込又は放出を行うことを特徴とする生体細胞
モデル素子。1. A bio-like thin film comprising a first ionic aqueous solution and a second ionic aqueous solution, and a bio-like substance impregnated on a porous support, wherein the first ionic aqueous solution and the second ionic aqueous solution are It is installed so as to separate from the second ionic aqueous solution and so that one side and the other side are immersed in the first and second ionic aqueous solutions, respectively, and spontaneously or stimulated by a chemical substance or light. A biologically-like thin film that changes an ion permeability to generate an electrical signal; an electrolytic solution; a first electrode that is installed in the electrolytic solution and that is separated from the electrolytic solution and that transmits electrical signals generated on both side surfaces of the biologically-like thin film. And a second electrode, wherein the first electrode is doped with an information transmitting substance made of an ion or a chemical substance and the potential of one side of the bio-like film is transmitted, and the other side of the bio-like film Potential is transmitted A second electrode, the biomimetic said first electrical signal generated on both sides of the film
And an information transmission circuit for transmitting the information to the second electrode, according to electric signals generated on both side surfaces of the biologically similar thin film,
The biological cell model element, wherein the first electrode takes in or releases the information transmitting substance composed of an ion or a chemical substance.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63096851A JP2603996B2 (en) | 1988-04-21 | 1988-04-21 | Biological cell model element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63096851A JP2603996B2 (en) | 1988-04-21 | 1988-04-21 | Biological cell model element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01270267A JPH01270267A (en) | 1989-10-27 |
| JP2603996B2 true JP2603996B2 (en) | 1997-04-23 |
Family
ID=14175993
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63096851A Expired - Fee Related JP2603996B2 (en) | 1988-04-21 | 1988-04-21 | Biological cell model element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2603996B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2566625B2 (en) * | 1988-08-02 | 1996-12-25 | 沖電気工業株式会社 | Bio element |
| CN111560343B (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2021-02-09 | 中央民族大学 | A multi-cell signal size comparator and comparison method and application |
-
1988
- 1988-04-21 JP JP63096851A patent/JP2603996B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01270267A (en) | 1989-10-27 |
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