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JP2617560B2 - Purification method of reducing gas - Google Patents
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JP2617560B2 - Purification method of reducing gas - Google Patents

Purification method of reducing gas

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Publication number
JP2617560B2
JP2617560B2 JP1055074A JP5507489A JP2617560B2 JP 2617560 B2 JP2617560 B2 JP 2617560B2 JP 1055074 A JP1055074 A JP 1055074A JP 5507489 A JP5507489 A JP 5507489A JP 2617560 B2 JP2617560 B2 JP 2617560B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
titanium oxide
type titanium
desulfurizing agent
reducing gas
rutile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP1055074A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH02237612A (en
Inventor
裕光 松田
誠 小林
貢 末弘
徹 瀬戸
薫明 光岡
井上  健治
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry
Priority to JP1055074A priority Critical patent/JP2617560B2/en
Publication of JPH02237612A publication Critical patent/JPH02237612A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2617560B2 publication Critical patent/JP2617560B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 [産業上の利用分野] 本発明は、重質油、その蒸留残渣、あるいは石炭等を
ガス化する際に得られる高温還元性ガス中の硫黄化合物
を脱硫剤で吸着除去して該還元性ガスを精製する方法に
関し、特に特定の脱硫剤を特定な場所に充填した反応器
を用いて精製する方法に関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to the adsorption of a sulfur compound in a high-temperature reducing gas obtained when gasifying heavy oil, its distillation residue, or coal, etc. with a desulfurizing agent. The present invention relates to a method for purifying the reducing gas by removing the gas, and more particularly to a method for purifying the gas using a reactor filled with a specific desulfurizing agent in a specific place.

[従来の技術] 近年、石油資源の枯渇、価格の高騰から燃料(又は原
料)の多様化が要求され、石炭や重質油(タールサンド
油、オイルシェール油、大慶原油、マヤ原油あるいは減
圧残油等)の利用技術の開発が進められている。
[Prior art] In recent years, diversification of fuels (or raw materials) has been required due to depletion of petroleum resources and soaring prices, and coal and heavy oils (tar sand oil, oil shale oil, Daqing crude oil, Maya crude oil or decompression residue) have been required. The development of utilization technology for oil is being promoted.

しかし、このガス化生成ガスは、原料の石炭や重質油
によって異なるが、数100〜数1000ppmの硫化水素(H
2S)、硫化カルボニル(COS)等の硫黄化合物を含み、
公害防止上あるいは後流機器の腐食防止上除去する必要
がある。
However, this gasification product gas varies depending on the raw material coal and heavy oil, but several hundred to several thousand ppm of hydrogen sulfide (H
2 S), including sulfur compounds such as carbonyl sulfide (COS),
It must be removed to prevent pollution or to prevent corrosion of downstream equipment.

この除去方法としては、乾式法が熱経済的に有利で、
プロセス構成も簡素なことから、金属酸化物を主成分と
する吸収剤に上記の還元性ガスを高温で通し、該吸収剤
を該還元性ガス中の硫黄化合物によって硫化物とするこ
とにより、該還元性ガス中の硫黄化合物を除去する方法
が一般的となっている。
As this removal method, the dry method is thermoeconomically advantageous,
Since the process configuration is also simple, the reducing gas is passed through an absorbent mainly composed of a metal oxide at a high temperature, and the absorbent is converted into a sulfide by a sulfur compound in the reducing gas. A method for removing a sulfur compound in a reducing gas has become common.

この吸収剤としては、Fe,Zn,Mn,Cu,Mo,W等の金属酸化
物が使用され、250〜500℃で硫化水素や硫化カルボニル
と反応させる。
As the absorbent, a metal oxide such as Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Mo, or W is used, and is reacted with hydrogen sulfide or carbonyl sulfide at 250 to 500 ° C.

この反応を、吸収剤としてFe2O3を使用し、硫化水素
を除去する場合を例にして説明すると、吸収反応は
(1)〜(4)式に示すように進むとされている。
If this reaction is explained using an example in which Fe 2 O 3 is used as an absorbent and hydrogen sulfide is removed, the absorption reaction proceeds as shown in equations (1) to (4).

3Fe2O3+H2→2Fe3O4+H2O ……(1) 3Fe2O3+CO→2Fe3O4+CO2 ……(2) Fe3O4+H2+3H2S→3FeS+4H2O ……(3) Fe3O4+CO+3H2S→3FeS+3H2O+CO2 ……(4) 次いで、吸収反応後の吸収剤は、酸素含有ガスで
(5)式に示すように元の金属酸化物に再生される。
3Fe 2 O 3 + H 2 → 2Fe 3 O 4 + H 2 O ... (1) 3Fe 2 O 3 + CO → 2Fe 3 O 4 + CO 2 ... (2) Fe 3 O 4 + H 2 + 3H 2 S → 3FeS + 4H 2 O ... … (3) Fe 3 O 4 + CO + 3H 2 S → 3FeS + 3H 2 O + CO 2 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… (4) Is done.

4FeS+7O2→2Fe2O3+4SO2 ……(5) 以上の吸収と再生反応の繰り返しで、高温還元性ガス
中の硫黄化合物がSO2として回収除去される。
4FeS + 7O 2 → 2Fe 2 O 3 + 4SO 2 (5) By repeating the above absorption and regeneration reactions, the sulfur compounds in the high-temperature reducing gas are recovered and removed as SO 2 .

このプロセスで使用される吸収剤は、前述の金属酸化
物を単独あるいは耐熱性多孔質体に担持させたものを、
移動床方式の場合は球状や円柱状に成形したものが、固
定床方式の場合はハニカム状に成形したものが通常使用
される。
The absorbent used in this process is the above-mentioned metal oxide alone or supported on a heat-resistant porous body,
In the case of the moving bed system, the one molded into a sphere or a column is used, and in the case of the fixed bed system, the one molded into a honeycomb is usually used.

[発明が解決しようとする課題] 固定床式の脱硫法では、疲弊した脱硫剤を運転中に新
しい脱硫剤に取替えることができないので、固定床式用
の脱硫剤には、移動床式や流動床式で使用される脱硫剤
よりも、脱硫能及び耐摩耗性の面で一層優れた耐久性が
要求される。
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the fixed-bed type desulfurization method, the exhausted desulfurization agent cannot be replaced with a new desulfurization agent during operation. More excellent durability is required in terms of desulfurization ability and abrasion resistance than a desulfurizing agent used in a bed type.

また、硫黄化合物との接触で疲弊した脱硫剤を酸素含
有ガスで再生するに当たっては、疲弊脱硫剤に存在する
実質的に全てのFeSをFe2O3に転化させることが望まし
く、そのためには脱硫剤の再生をできるだけ高温で行う
ことが好ましい。
In regenerating a desulfurizing agent exhausted by contact with a sulfur compound with an oxygen-containing gas, it is desirable to convert substantially all FeS present in the exhausted desulfurizing agent to Fe 2 O 3. It is preferred to regenerate the agent at as high a temperature as possible.

しかし、従来の脱硫剤、例えばアナターゼ型の酸化チ
タンを採用したものでは、高温下に長時間さらすと、結
晶構造がアナターゼ型からルチル型に変わり、それに伴
い収縮変化が起きるために、脱硫剤の割れにつながるこ
ともあり、高温で再生できない欠点があった。
However, in conventional desulfurizing agents, for example, those employing anatase type titanium oxide, when exposed to high temperatures for a long time, the crystal structure changes from anatase type to rutile type, and accompanying shrinkage change occurs, the desulfurizing agent There was a drawback that it could lead to cracking and could not be regenerated at high temperatures.

本発明は、脱硫−再生を繰返しても、しかも再生に高
温を採用しても、長期間成型性を維持することができる
改善された還元性ガスの精製方法を提案することを目的
とする。
An object of the present invention is to propose an improved method for purifying a reducing gas, which can maintain the moldability for a long period of time even when repetition of desulfurization-regeneration and high temperature is used for regeneration.

[課題を解決するための手段] 本発明は、上記目的を、高温還元性ガス中に含まれる
硫黄化合物を吸収した脱硫剤を、酸素含有ガスを導入し
て再生し、繰返し使用する還元性ガスの精製方法におい
て、反応器にアナターゼ型の酸化チタンを担体とする脱
硫剤とルチル型の酸化チタンを担体とする脱硫剤の2種
類を、再生時ガス温度が650℃以上の高温となる場所に
ルチル型の酸化チタンを担体とする脱硫剤が配置される
ように、充填した反応器を用いることを特徴とする還元
性ガスの精製方法により達成するものである。
[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and it is an object of the present invention to regenerate a desulfurizing agent that has absorbed a sulfur compound contained in a high-temperature reducing gas by introducing an oxygen-containing gas, and to use the reducing gas repeatedly. In the purification method, two types of a desulfurizing agent having an anatase-type titanium oxide as a carrier and a desulfurizing agent having a rutile-type titanium oxide as a carrier are used in a reactor in a place where the gas temperature during regeneration is as high as 650 ° C. or more. This is achieved by a method for purifying a reducing gas, which comprises using a reactor filled with a desulfurizing agent having rutile-type titanium oxide as a carrier.

[作用] アナターゼ型の酸化チタンは、耐熱性には劣るが、脱
硫性能には優れる。
[Action] Anatase type titanium oxide is inferior in heat resistance but excellent in desulfurization performance.

一方、ルチル型の酸化チタンは、脱硫性能には劣る
が、耐熱性には優れる。
On the other hand, rutile titanium oxide is inferior in desulfurization performance, but is excellent in heat resistance.

本発明では、このアナターゼ型酸化チタンとルチル型
酸化チタンとを担体として使用し、各担体の特長を生か
し得る充填箇所に各担体を用いた脱硫剤を充填すること
により、脱硫剤全体としての脱硫性能を低下させること
なく、また高温下に長時間さらされた場合に生じ易い脱
硫剤の割れを防止し、長時間の使用が可能となる。
In the present invention, this anatase type titanium oxide and rutile type titanium oxide are used as carriers, and a desulfurizing agent using each carrier is filled in a filling location where the characteristics of each carrier can be utilized, thereby achieving desulfurization as an entire desulfurizing agent. It is possible to prevent the desulfurizing agent from cracking, which is likely to occur when exposed to a high temperature for a long period of time, without deteriorating the performance, and to use it for a long period of time.

アナターゼ型酸化チタンを担体とし、Fe,Zn,Mn,Cu,M
o,W等の金属酸化物を担持させたものでは、還元性ガス
中の硫化水素に対しては前述の(3),(4)式の反応
により脱硫効果を示す一方、硫化カルボニルに対しても
主に下記の(6)式の反応によりH2Sを生成し、このH2S
を(3),(4)式の反応により脱硫する。
Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, M with anatase type titanium oxide as carrier
A metal oxide such as o, W, etc. has a desulfurizing effect on the hydrogen sulfide in the reducing gas by the reaction of the above formulas (3) and (4), while it has a carbonyl sulfide on the reducing gas. Also generates H 2 S mainly by the reaction of the following formula (6), and this H 2 S
Is desulfurized by the reactions of equations (3) and (4).

COS+H2O→H2S+CO2 ……(6) このように、アナターゼ型酸化チタンを担体とする脱
硫剤は、硫化水素、硫化カルボニルのいずれに対しても
優れた脱硫効果を有する。
COS + H 2 O → H 2 S + CO 2 (6) Thus, the desulfurizing agent using anatase type titanium oxide as a carrier has an excellent desulfurizing effect on both hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide.

一方、ルチル型酸化チタンを担体とし、脱硫作用を有
する金属酸化物を担持させたものでは、硫化水素に対し
てはアナターゼ型酸化チタンを担体としたものと同様の
脱硫効果を有するが、硫化カルボニルに対してはアナダ
ーゼ型酸化チタンを担体としたものの場合よりも劣る。
On the other hand, in the case where rutile-type titanium oxide is used as a carrier and a metal oxide having a desulfurizing action is supported, hydrogen sulfide has the same desulfurizing effect as that in which anatase-type titanium oxide is used as a carrier. Is inferior to the case of using anadase type titanium oxide as a carrier.

アナターゼ型酸化チタンとルチル型酸化チタンの両方
を担体として用いる本発明では、硫化水素及び硫化カル
ボニルの両方に対してアナターゼ型酸化チタン単独の場
合と同様の除去効果を得ることができ、しかも耐熱性を
ルチル型酸化チタン単独の場合と同様に向上させること
ができる。
In the present invention using both anatase-type titanium oxide and rutile-type titanium oxide as a carrier, the same removal effect as in the case of anatase-type titanium oxide alone can be obtained for both hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide, and heat resistance Can be improved as in the case of rutile-type titanium oxide alone.

この時、ルチル型酸化チタンが熱的に安定であること
から、反応器中の高温部に配置することにより、アナタ
ーゼ型酸化チタンで問題となる割れの問題を解決するこ
とができる。
At this time, since the rutile-type titanium oxide is thermally stable, by disposing the rutile-type titanium oxide in a high-temperature portion in the reactor, it is possible to solve the problem of cracking which is a problem in the anatase-type titanium oxide.

また、この配置によれば、脱硫工程では、ルチル型酸
化チタンの後流にアナターゼ型酸化チタンが位置するこ
とになるため、ルチル型酸化チタンで硫化水素を除去し
た後、アナターゼ型酸化チタンで硫化カルボニルを除去
することになり、効果的な脱硫を行うことができる。
According to this arrangement, in the desulfurization step, the anatase-type titanium oxide is located downstream of the rutile-type titanium oxide. Therefore, after removing the hydrogen sulfide with the rutile-type titanium oxide, the anatase-type titanium oxide is used. Since carbonyl is removed, effective desulfurization can be performed.

一般に、アナターゼ型酸化チタンは800℃程度の以上
の高温になると、ルチル型酸化チタンに変わり易くな
る。このため、ルチル型酸化チタンは、この温度を目安
に充填箇所を決定することができる。
In general, when the anatase type titanium oxide is heated to a temperature as high as about 800 ° C. or more, it easily becomes rutile type titanium oxide. For this reason, the rutile-type titanium oxide can determine the filling position based on this temperature.

前述の(5)式で示される再生反応は発熱反応であ
り、導入される酸素濃度によって上昇する温度は異なる
が、通常、再生工程の入口O2濃度は1〜3%であり、再
生工程入口のガス温度は400〜500℃とすると、脱硫剤の
脱硫率にもよるが、100〜300℃程度上昇することが予想
される。
The regeneration reaction represented by the above formula (5) is an exothermic reaction, and although the temperature to be raised varies depending on the oxygen concentration introduced, the O 2 concentration at the entrance of the regeneration step is usually 1 to 3%, Assuming that the gas temperature is 400 to 500 ° C., it is expected to increase by about 100 to 300 ° C., depending on the desulfurization rate of the desulfurizing agent.

一方、脱硫剤そのものは蓄熱現象によって更に高温に
なっていることが考えられるので、ガス温度の目安とし
ては、650℃以上がルチル型酸化チタンの充填箇所とし
て選ばれる。
On the other hand, the temperature of the desulfurizing agent itself is considered to be higher due to the heat storage phenomenon. Therefore, as a guide for the gas temperature, a temperature of 650 ° C. or higher is selected as a filling portion of the rutile type titanium oxide.

[実施例] 実施例1 アナターゼ型酸化チタンと酸化鉄を充分混練した後、
ハニカム形状に押出し成型し、乾燥、焼成した70×500L
の脱硫剤を調製した。
[Example] Example 1 After sufficiently kneading anatase type titanium oxide and iron oxide,
70 × 500 L extruded into honeycomb, dried and fired
Was prepared.

この脱硫剤4本を小型試験装置にガス流れに対して直
列に充填した。
The four desulfurizing agents were charged in a small test apparatus in series with the gas flow.

また、脱硫剤と脱硫剤との間に熱電対を挿入し、温度
を記録できるようにした。
In addition, a thermocouple was inserted between the desulfurizing agents so that the temperature could be recorded.

反応器の上部からH2S,COSを含む模擬ガスを流し、そ
の出口側のガス中のH2S,COSを分析し、脱硫剤が完全に
硫化されるに至る破過データを採取した。
Reactor H 2 from the top of the S, flowing a simulated gas containing COS, H 2 S in the outlet side of the gas, to analyze the COS, were collected breakthrough data leading to the desulfurizing agent is completely sulfurized.

次に、完全に破過に至ったことを確認後、反応器の下
部から酸素を含むガスを500℃で導入し、再生工程に移
った。
Next, after it was confirmed that the breakthrough had completely occurred, a gas containing oxygen was introduced from the lower part of the reactor at 500 ° C., and the process was moved to a regeneration step.

再生工程時は、出口ガス中の酸素濃度を追跡し、入口
と同一濃度になった時点で再生工程を終了した。
During the regeneration step, the oxygen concentration in the outlet gas was tracked, and the regeneration step was terminated when the concentration became the same as that at the inlet.

この脱硫−再生工程を30回繰り返した後、脱硫剤をサ
ンプリングし、収縮具合やアナターゼ型酸化チタンのル
チル変転化率を調べた。
After repeating this desulfurization-regeneration step 30 times, the desulfurizing agent was sampled, and the degree of shrinkage and the rutile conversion rate of anatase type titanium oxide were examined.

試験条件を第1表に、試験結果を第2表と第1図に、
また温度の記録結果を第2図に示した。
The test conditions are shown in Table 1, the test results are shown in Table 2 and FIG.
FIG. 2 shows the result of recording the temperature.

実施例2 アナターゼ型酸化チタン系脱硫剤のチタンの種類をル
チル型酸化チタンに変えた以外は、実施例1と全く同仕
様の脱硫剤を、実施例1よりもっと高温にさらされたと
推測できる第2段目に充填し、実施例1と同様の試験を
実施し、脱硫性能を調べると共に、サンプリングされた
脱硫剤の外観ならびに寸法検査を実施した。
Example 2 Except that the type of titanium in the anatase-type titanium oxide-based desulfurizing agent was changed to rutile-type titanium oxide, a desulfurizing agent having exactly the same specifications as in Example 1 was presumed to have been exposed to a higher temperature than in Example 1. The second stage was filled, a test similar to that of Example 1 was performed, the desulfurization performance was examined, and the appearance and dimensional inspection of the sampled desulfurizing agent were performed.

それらの結果を第3図ならびに第3表に示した。 The results are shown in FIG. 3 and Table 3.

[発明の効果] 以上詳述したように、本発明では、脱硫性能に優れた
アナターゼ型酸化チタンを用いた脱硫剤と、熱的に安定
なルチル型酸化チタンを用いた脱硫剤を、各々その長所
を生かした組合わせ及び位置で反応器に充填配置して使
用することにより、脱硫−再生の長期間の繰り返しにも
安定した脱硫剤の成型性ならびに性能を維持することが
できると言う効果を奏することができる。
[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, in the present invention, a desulfurizing agent using anatase-type titanium oxide having excellent desulfurization performance and a desulfurizing agent using thermally stable rutile-type titanium oxide are each used. By filling and using the reactor in a combination and position that takes advantage of its advantages, the effect of being able to maintain stable moldability and performance of the desulfurizing agent even for long-term repetition of desulfurization-regeneration can be obtained. Can play.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

第1図はアナターゼ型酸化チタンの脱硫剤を充填した場
合の脱硫特性を示す図、第2図はガス流れ方向に対する
反応塔内のガス温度分布を示す図、第3図は本発明方法
における脱流性能の一例を示す図である。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the desulfurization characteristics when an anatase type titanium oxide desulfurizing agent is filled, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a gas temperature distribution in a reaction tower with respect to a gas flow direction, and FIG. It is a figure showing an example of flow performance.

フロントページの続き (72)発明者 瀬戸 徹 広島県広島市西区観音新町4丁目6番22 号 三菱重工業株式会社広島研究所内 (72)発明者 光岡 薫明 広島県広島市西区観音新町4丁目6番22 号 三菱重工業株式会社広島研究所内 (72)発明者 井上 健治 広島県広島市西区観音新町4丁目6番22 号 三菱重工業株式会社広島研究所内Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tohru Seto 4-62-22 Kannonshinmachi, Nishi-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Hiroshima Research Institute (72) Inventor Kaoru Mitsuoka 4-6-1 Kanonshinmachi, Nishi-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima 22 Hiroshima Research Laboratory, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (72) Inventor Kenji Inoue 4-6-22 Kannon Shinmachi, Nishi-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima Hiroshima Research Laboratory, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】高温還元性ガス中に含まれる硫黄化合物を
吸収した脱硫剤を、酸素含有ガスを導入して再生し、繰
返し使用する還元性ガスの精製方法において、反応器に
アナターゼ型の酸化チタンを担体とする脱硫剤とルチル
型の酸化チタンを担体とする脱硫剤の2種類を、再生時
ガス温度が650℃以上の高温となる場所にルチル型の酸
化チタンを担体とする脱硫剤が配置されるように、充填
した反応器を用いることを特徴とする還元性ガスの精製
方法。
In a method for purifying a reducing gas which is regenerated by introducing an oxygen-containing gas to a desulfurizing agent which has absorbed a sulfur compound contained in a high-temperature reducing gas and reusing the same, an anatase-type oxidation is carried out in a reactor. Two types of desulfurizing agents using titanium as a carrier and a desulfurizing agent using rutile-type titanium oxide as a carrier are used. A method for purifying a reducing gas, comprising using a reactor so as to be disposed.
JP1055074A 1989-03-09 1989-03-09 Purification method of reducing gas Expired - Lifetime JP2617560B2 (en)

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JP2617560B2 true JP2617560B2 (en) 1997-06-04

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1067292C (en) * 1996-04-19 2001-06-20 东南大学 Easy-to-regenerate fume desulfurizing and denitrating agent and its prepn and regeneration process

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