JP2640924B2 - Plate-like fiber-reinforced composite material using reinforced fabric composed of high-strength, high-modulus fibers - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention utilizes a multi-layered fabric composed of high-strength and high-modulus fibers such as carbon fiber, graphite fiber, aramid fiber, and glass fiber as a reinforcing base material, and continuously changes its fabric structure. The present invention relates to a plate-like composite material such as fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) and fiber reinforced metal (FRM), which can partially design the bending rigidity of the composite material without cutting or laminating the reinforced base material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When molding fiber-reinforced composite materials such as FRP, reinforcing fibers are often used in the form of unidirectional material or woven fabric. In these woven fabrics and unidirectional materials, several unidirectional materials and woven fabrics are laminated and used in order to obtain various required properties. In the case where the characteristics of the composite material are partially changed by this method, the woven fabric or unidirectional material to be laminated is partially cut, or the number and direction of the woven fabric or the unidirectional material are changed to be bonded. For example, if you try to partially control certain characteristics, you can change the number
Even characteristics that do not need to be changed will change. As a specific example, if the number of laminated reinforced base materials is reduced in order to partially soften the bending rigidity, the tensile strength of that portion naturally declines. In this embodiment, the performance of the composite material is exhibited only in the direction of fiber reinforcement, and the composite material obtained by laminating a woven fabric or a unidirectional material is not reinforced for the interlayer shear strength in the interlayer direction. , Its strength against the interlayer shear strength is extremely low. There are three-dimensional woven fabrics and multiple woven fabrics as reinforced base materials that compensate for this defect. Among them, the three-dimensional woven fabric has reinforcing fibers arranged in three directions orthogonal to each other, and has excellent characteristics particularly in three directions reinforced with fibers. However, the production of three-dimensional fabrics requires special equipment and the productivity is not good.
Furthermore, the properties of a part of the composite cannot be changed. On the other hand, in the case of multiple woven fabrics, although there is a limit to their thickness, they can be manufactured with the same equipment as conventional woven fabrics, have relatively good productivity, and are reinforced ideally because they are reinforced between layers. Although it seems to be a substrate, conventional multi-woven fabrics have a drawback in that the properties of arbitrary portions cannot be partially changed as in a laminated composite material.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, an object of the present invention is to use fibers for a reinforcing base material continuously without cutting them, thereby achieving extremely high strength in the direction of a reinforcing material. In addition, the bending stiffness of any part of the composite material can be changed, and the woven fabric can be changed to change the woven fabric structure. It is to obtain a composite material.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to a multi-layer woven fabric having two or more layers composed of weft yarns. A) Two sets of two warp yarns and one warp yarn consisting of weft yarns. A structure in which two warp yarns are alternately entangled for each row of two layers or two closest layers, and each row of weft yarns. B) A set of two warp yarns, and a weft yarn for each two layers of weft yarns closest to the warp yarn. C) The warp yarns are alternately entangled in every other row. C) The ratio of the outermost layer of the layers composed of the weft yarns or the innermost layer from the outermost layer on the opposite side to the outermost layer, and the ratio of the layer composed of the weft yarns to the rows. A plate-like fiber-reinforced composite having a multi-layered woven fabric made of high-strength and high-modulus fibers as a reinforcing base, having a structure in which at least two or more of structures entangled at an angle of 1: 1 are continuously combined. Material. The above-mentioned fiber-reinforced composite material is a fiber-reinforced plastic, and is a plate-like fiber-reinforced composite material using a reinforced fabric made of high-strength and high-modulus fibers as a reinforcing base material. Furthermore,
The above-mentioned fiber-reinforced composite material is a fiber-reinforced metal, and is a plate-like fiber-reinforced composite material using a multi-layer woven fabric composed of high-strength and high-modulus fibers as a reinforcing substrate.

[0005]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described with reference to more specific examples. In the practice of the present invention, a multi-woven fabric having a very high degree of freedom in fabric structure, which is formed of warp and weft yarns and can be manufactured by a conventional loom, has a pattern of several structures.
It is possible to manufacture woven fabrics having continuous woven fabrics. That is, in a multiplex woven fabric using 12 carbon fibers as the number of warp yarns, a) 6 layers of weft yarns, 1 set of 2 warp yarns, and 1 layer of weft yarns for each layer of weft yarns.
A warp yarn 1 and a warp yarn 2 are entangled alternately in a line with the first layer of the weft yarn, and a warp yarn 3 and a warp yarn 4
The warp yarns 5 and the warp yarns 6 are alternately entangled line by line with the third layer of the weft yarn, and the warp yarns 7 and the warp yarns 8 line by line with the fourth layer of the weft yarn. A warp yarn 9 and a warp yarn 10 are alternately entangled with respect to the fifth layer of the weft yarn in each row, and a warp yarn 11 and a warp yarn 12 are alternately entangled with each other in the sixth layer of the weft yarn. The structure is such that the warp yarn 1 and the warp yarn 3 correspond to the first layer and the second layer of the weft yarn. The warp yarns 2 and the warp yarns 5 are alternately entangled alternately every other row with respect to the second and third layers of the weft yarn, and the warp yarns 4 and the warp yarns 7 are alternately tangled with the third and fourth layers of the weft yarn. On the other hand, the warp yarn 6 and the warp yarn 9 are alternately entangled every other row, and the fourth layer of the weft yarn The warp yarns 8 and the warp yarns 11 are alternately entangled every other row for the five layers, and the warp yarns 8 and the warp yarns 11 are one for the fifth and sixth layers of the weft yarn.
A structure in which the warp yarns 10 and the warp yarns 12 are alternately entangled every other row with respect to the sixth and seventh layers of the weft yarns. C) Six layers of weft yarns, and the warp yarn is the first weft yarn.
A structure in which the layer and the sixth layer are entangled with each other at an angle in which the ratio of the weft layer to the row is 1 to 1. The warp yarn 1 is entangled with the first layer first row weft thread and the sixth layer seventh row weft thread. The warp yarn 2 is entangled with the first layer second row weft yarn and the sixth layer eighth row weft yarn, and the warp yarn 3 is entangled with the first layer third row weft yarn and the sixth layer ninth row weft yarn. 4 is the first layer fourth row weft and the sixth layer first weft.
The warp yarn 5 is entangled with the weft in the first row and the fifth row and the weft in the sixth layer and the eleventh row.
The warp 7 is entangled with the weft of the sixth layer and the twelfth row, the warp 7 is entangled with the weft of the sixth layer first row and the weft of the first layer and the seventh row, and the warp 8 is The two rows of wefts are entangled with the first layer eighth row of wefts, the warp 9 is entangled with the sixth layer third row of wefts and the first layer ninth row of wefts, and the warp 10 is the sixth layer fourth row. Entangled with the weft of the first layer and the 10th row of weft,
The warp yarn 11 is entangled with the weft yarn of the sixth layer fifth row and the first layer eleventh row of weft yarn, and the warp yarn 12 is at least the structure entangled with the sixth layer sixth row of weft yarn and the first layer twelfth row of weft yarn. It is a plate-shaped fiber-reinforced plastic composite material using a reinforced fabric made of a carbon fiber having a structure in which two or more are continuously combined.

FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 show examples of the above-described woven fabrics (a), (b) and (c), respectively. FIG. 1 shows that the number of warp yarns (the basic motion pattern of the warp yarns) is 12 and that two full weft yarn lines are one complete (pattern).
And a woven fabric comprising six weft yarn layers. The movement of the warp yarn is a structure in which two warp yarns form one set and are alternately entangled with six layers of weft yarns. FIG. 2 shows a woven fabric comprising 7 layers of weft yarns, with 12 warp yarns and 4 full weft yarns, one complete. The warp movement is a structure in which two adjacent weft layers are tangled every other row of weft threads. FIG. 3 shows a structure in which the number of warp yarns is 12 and the outermost layers of the multi-layered woven fabric composed of 6 weft layers are entangled with each other at an angle of 1: 1 in the ratio of the weft layers to the rows. Complete. 1, 2 and 3 each have 12 warp yarns and can be woven as a continuous structure. FIG. 4 shows the fabric structure. In this figure, A
1 is the woven structure of FIG. 1, B is the woven structure of FIG. 2, C is the woven structure of FIG. 3, and the connection is made without completely sticking to one of the weft rows of each structure. Can be linked.

[0007] When this multi-layer fabric is manufactured using, for example, carbon fibers having a high elastic modulus and impregnated with a plastic to produce a composite material, the same fibers are impregnated with the same matrix using the same method. Nevertheless, the properties of a single composite material differ due to differences in the weave structure. In particular, it was confirmed that a large difference appeared in bending stiffness. That is, the prepared composite material was divided into each structure shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, and the amount of bending under a constant load was measured. The amount of deflection is 1
00, the bending amount of the woven fabric in FIG.
2. The amount of bending of the woven fabric shown in FIG. The amount of flexure of the composite material is related to the number of bends per warp (the number of points where the warp intersects the weft and changes the direction) of the fabric of the woven fabric serving as the reinforcing substrate. For example, the warp yarn of FIG. 1 has 12 bends with respect to the weft row 12. The warp yarn of FIG. 2 has six bends for twelve weft rows. The warp in FIG. 3 has two bends for twelve rows of weft threads. In order to control the bending rigidity more finely than that shown as an example in FIG.
This is possible by changing the number of bends according to the required characteristics.

[0008]

The present invention is as described above. The main point of the present invention is to continuously use a high-strength high-modulus fiber which is a base material of a composite material without cutting, and to change the basis weight of a woven fabric. In spite of using the same fiber and the same base material, the bending stiffness can be controlled continuously by changing the fabric structure. The reinforced composite material can exhibit the required properties optimally for each part, and the fact that the reinforced base material is composed of continuous fibers naturally shows various mechanically excellent properties. The fiber reinforced composite material according to the present invention is suitable as a structural material for FRP or FRM artificial satellites, rockets, aircrafts, vehicles, etc., and as a reinforcing material for skis in the sports field. Is extremely wide.

[Brief description of the drawings]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a woven fabric composed of six weft yarn layers in which the number of warp yarns is 12, the number of warp yarns is two, and the number of warp yarns is one complete (pattern).

FIG. 2 shows an example of a fabric structure, in which the number of warp yarns is 1
2 is a vertical cross-sectional front view of a woven fabric composed of 7 weft yarn layers, 4 weft yarn rows and 1 full weft yarn layer

FIG. 3 shows an example of a fabric structure, and the number of warp yarns is 12
A vertical cross-sectional front view of a woven fabric in which the outermost layers of a multiplex woven fabric composed of six weft yarn layers are entangled with each other at an angle of 1: 1 between the weft yarn layer and the row, and one complete weft yarn row 12.

FIG. 4 is a woven structure obtained by weaving each of the structures shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 in which the number of warp yarns is 12 as a continuous structure, (A) is the woven structure of FIG. 1, and (B) is a diagram. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing the fabric structure of FIG.

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A multi-layer woven fabric having two or more layers of weft yarns: a) Two warp yarns form a set, and the warp yarns comprise one weft yarn layer or two closest yarn layers. (B) A structure in which two warp yarns are alternately entangled in each row. B) A structure in which two warp yarns are alternately entangled in every other row of weft yarns for every two layers of weft yarns which are closest to each other. At least two or more of the outermost layers of the weft layers or at least two of the structures that are entangled at an angle with the ratio between the outermost layer and the outermost layer opposite to the outermost layer, and the ratio of the weft layer to the row of 1: 1. A plate-shaped fiber-reinforced composite material using a reinforced fabric composed of high-strength and high-modulus fibers having a structure that is continuously combined. 2. The plate-like fiber reinforced composite material as set forth in claim 1, wherein the fiber reinforced composite material is a fiber reinforced plastic. 3. The fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 1, wherein the fiber-reinforced composite material is a fiber-reinforced metal.