JP2641379B2 - Drum dryer - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drum dryer in which a raw material adhering to a drum rotating in a chamber is scraped by a scraper knife which can be freely moved toward and away from the drum.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Dry products such as chemical products, chemicals, foods, and dye products are manufactured by the above-mentioned drum dryer.
Some of these are exposed to abnormally high heat during production,
Some may cause quality deterioration.

Therefore, in recent years, a vacuum-type drum dryer in which a raw material is dried at a low pressure under a low vapor pressure so as not to give a harmful heat history during the production has attracted attention. .

As shown in FIG. 7, a conventional vacuum type double drum dryer includes two drums (2a) and (2) rotating in a high temperature state in a vacuum chamber (1).
During the period of b), the liquid raw material (F) is supplied and adhered, and the raw material (F) is dried and solidified while the drums (2a) and (2b) rotate, and scraped off by the scraper knife (4). It was done.

[0005] In such a drum dryer,
The knife (4) needs to be detached from the drums (2a) and (2b) except during full-scale operation in order to prevent frictional damage and the like of the scraper knife (4), which will be described in detail below. Like scraper knife (4)
The drum (2) based on the rotating operation of the handle (9).
a) It is configured to move toward and away from (2b).

That is, as shown in FIG. 8, a scraper main body (6) is rotatably mounted on a shaft (5) provided in a chamber (1), and a scraper knife (1) is attached to one piece of the scraper main body (6). 4) is fixed, and the lower end of the spindle (3) is attached to the other piece.

The spindle (3) is inserted through a spindle insertion hole (1c) formed in the chamber wall, and is screwed to a spindle support (8) attached to the outer wall of the chamber.

In this configuration, when the handle (9) attached to the upper end of the spindle (3) is rotated, the spindle (3) moves in the axial direction while rotating around the axis, thereby causing the scraper body (6) to rotate. ) Is rotated and the scraper knife (4) is turned into the drum (2a).
(2b).

[0009]

By the way, in the conventional drum dryer, a shaft seal mechanism (7) of a gland packing type is attached to a portion of the chamber wall where the spindle is inserted so as to hermetically seal the portion. When the spindle (3) is moved forward and backward, the spindle (3) moves in the axial direction while rotating around the axis with respect to the packing material in the shaft sealing mechanism (7). For this reason, the spindle (3) and the packing material rub against each other by two actions of rotation around the axis and movement in the axial direction, so that the shaft seal mechanism (7) is severely worn and deteriorates early, resulting in airtightness. However, there was a problem that the property could not be secured satisfactorily.

In addition, when the above-mentioned rubbing portion exists,
Dust and moisture enter the rubbing part, which promotes abrasion or generates rust, and in some cases locks the spindle (3), hindering the operation of moving the scraper knife (4). I was afraid.

In the above description, a vacuum-type drum dryer is taken as an example. However, even with a normal-pressure-type drum dryer, foreign substances may enter the chamber from the outside or from the chamber inside to the outside. Since it is necessary to prevent the release of harmful substances, the same airtight structure as described above is adopted in the spindle insertion portion of the chamber wall, and the same problem occurs.

The present invention solves the above-described problems of the prior art, and can reliably perform hermetic sealing of a portion of the chamber wall where the advancing / retreating shaft is inserted, such as a portion where the spindle is inserted. It can prevent intrusion of moisture, etc.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a drum dryer that can prevent adverse effects due to such intrusion.

[0013]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a drum dryer according to the present invention is arranged such that a raw material adhering to a drum rotating in a chamber is scraped by a scraper knife which can freely contact and separate from the drum. In the drum dryer described above, the scraper knife moves toward and away from the drum based on the reciprocating operation of the reciprocating shaft which is inserted and disposed in the reciprocating shaft insertion hole formed in the chamber wall, and is prevented from rotating around the axis. A flexible or flexible sealing material disposed hermetically between the advancing / retreating shaft and the advancing / retreating shaft insertion hole peripheral portion is provided on the advancing / retreating shaft and the advancing / retreating shaft insertion hole peripheral portion, respectively. The gist is to be fixed.

Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that the sealing member be constituted by a diaphragm.

[0015]

According to the drum dryer of the present invention, the scraper knife is moved toward and away from the drum based on the forward / backward movement of the forward / backward shaft whose rotation around the shaft is prevented, thereby closing the forward / backward shaft insertion hole. For this purpose, a flexible or flexible sealing material such as a diaphragm is fixed to the forward / backward shaft and the peripheral edge of the forward / backward shaft insertion hole. For this reason, when the reciprocating shaft moves forward and backward, the seal material is deformed so as to follow the reciprocating shaft, so that there is no rubbing portion between the two and complete sealing is achieved.

[0016]

【Example】

<First Embodiment> FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing a vacuum type double drum dryer according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic horizontal sectional view of the drum dryer.

As shown in both figures, this drum dryer has a vacuum chamber (11), in which a fixed drum (20) and a slide drum (30) are mutually reciprocated. Are arranged in parallel.

Rotary shaft (21) of drum (20) (30)
(31) is disposed outside the chamber through the rotary shaft insertion holes (12a) (12b) formed in the chamber wall. Among them, the rotating shaft on the fixed drum side (21)
Is supported by the apparatus main body via a bearing (13a). Further, a shaft seal mechanism (14a) such as a vacuum seal mechanism is externally fitted to the rotation shaft (21), and the shaft seal mechanism (14a) is bolted to the periphery of the rotation shaft insertion hole of the chamber wall. Fixed.

A rotary shaft (31) on the slide drum side
Are respectively supported by a slide mechanism (40) described later via a bearing (13b). In FIG. 2, (15a) and (15b) correspond to both rotating shafts (21) and (3).
The gears are attached to one end of each of 1) and mesh with each other.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the slide mechanism (40) has a rail (41) extending in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft (31) and fixed to the apparatus body (10). The bearing (13b) on the slide drum side is fixed to the rail (41) via a slide plate (42).

By operating a slide amount adjusting mechanism (not shown), the rotary shaft (31) slides together with the slide drum (30) in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotary shafts (21) and (31). Slide drum (3
0) comes into contact with and separates from the fixed drum (20).

A shaft seal mechanism (14b) constituted by a vacuum seal mechanism or the like is externally fitted slightly inside the bearing mounting position of the rotary shaft (31), and the shaft seal mechanism (14b) is attached to the bracket (32). ) Through the bearing (13)
b) is fixed to the outer periphery of the shaft seal mechanism (1).
4b) is fixed in position with respect to the bearing (13b), that is, the rotating shaft (31).

A flexible joint (50) is arranged between the chamber wall of the rotating shaft (31) and the shaft sealing mechanism (14b) so that the rotating shaft (31) is inserted therethrough. One end of the bolt (51) is attached to the periphery of the rotary shaft insertion hole in the chamber wall.
And the other end of the shaft seal mechanism (1
4b) is fixed by bolts (52).

On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
In 1), corresponding to the upper parts of the drums (20) and (30),
A beam (15) is formed which extends over the entire length of the drum. The chamber wall located on the side of the beam (15) is partially formed in a horizontal posture to form a scraper mechanism mounting portion (11a). A plurality of the scraper mechanism mounting portions (11a) are present at intervals along the beam longitudinal direction. As shown in FIG. 4, each of the scraper mechanism mounting portions (11a) has a spindle insertion hole (1a).
1b) are formed.

The beam (1) in the chamber (11)
On the lower surface of 5), a shaft (61) has a bracket (6).
2), and the shaft (6)
1) includes the plurality of scraper mechanism mounting portions (11).
A plurality of scraper bodies (70) are rotatably mounted respectively corresponding to (a) in position.
Further, a scraper knife (71) is attached to one piece of each scraper body (70).

At the periphery of the spindle insertion hole of the scraper mechanism mounting portion (11a), the outer periphery of the lower end of a closed cylindrical spindle cover (72) having an inverted U-shaped cross section is provided via a sealing material such as a diaphragm (80). The overlapping portions are fixed to the scraper mechanism attaching portion (11a) together with the outer periphery of the diaphragm (80).

A threaded hole (72a) is formed in the upper wall of the spindle cover (72), and a threaded portion (73a) of the upper spindle (73) is screwed into the threaded hole (72a). I have. Further, a handle (74) is attached to the upper end of the upper spindle (73), and by rotating the handle (74),
The upper spindle (73) moves along the axial direction while rotating around the axis according to the rotation amount.

Inside the spindle cover (72), an upper spring receiving member (73b) and a lower spring receiving member (73c) are fitted on the upper spindle (73) so as to be rotatable around an axis. I have. A compression spring (73d) is interposed between the two spring receivers (73b) and (73c), and the springs (73d) urge the two spring receivers (73b) and (73c) away from each other. I have. In this case, the upper spring holder (73b) is locked to the lower end of the threaded portion (73a) of the upper spindle (73), and the lower spring receiver (73c) is attached to the lower end of the upper spindle (73). The movement of the spring receiving members (73b) and (73c) in the axial direction is restricted by being locked by the fixed fixing member (73e).

As shown in FIG. 5, the connecting spindle (75) disposed below the upper spindle (73) has a bottomed cylindrical main body (75a) and a central part of the bottom wall of the main body (75a). And a threaded shaft portion (75b) provided continuously.
A flange (75c) formed on the outer periphery of the upper end of the main body (75a) is fixed to the lower surface of the lower spring holder (73c) by bolting.

The threaded shaft (7) of the connecting spindle (75)
5b) is a central hole (80) of the diaphragm (80).
a) and placed in the chamber with its threaded shaft (75b) on the washer (81) and washer (8).
Through 2), a lock nut (83) and a special connection nut (84) of a turnbuckle type are fastened. As a result, the shaft portion (75b) of the connecting spindle (75) is fixed to the periphery of the central hole of the diaphragm (80).

A threaded portion (85b) provided at the upper end of the lower spindle (85) is screwed through a lock nut (86) below the special connection nut (84). As shown in FIG. 4, the lower spindle (8
The lower end of 5) is attached to the other piece of the scraper body (70) with a slight play provided in the axial direction.

On the inner peripheral surface of the spindle cover (72),
A rotation stopper (87) is fixed, and the outer periphery of the lower spring receiving member (73c) is allowed to slide in the vertical direction while rotation around the axis is restricted. It is attached so that.

Then, as described above, the handle (74)
When the upper spindle (73) is rotated in the axial direction while rotating the upper spindle (73) about the axis by rotating the upper spindle (73), the upper spindle (73) rotates about the axis with respect to the lower spring holder (73c). The rotation about the axis is not transmitted to the connection spindle (75) and subsequent portions, and only the axial movement is transmitted to the connection spindle (75) and the lower spindle (85) via the spring receivers (73b) (73c). . Thus, when the spindles (75) and (85) move in the axial direction while rotation around the axis is prevented, the scraper body (70) rotates and the scraper knife (7) is rotated.
1) comes into contact with and separates from the outer peripheral surfaces of the drums (20) and (30). At this time, the diaphragm (80) fixed to the connecting spindle (75) is moved to the spindle (7).
Since it bends up and down to follow 5), the advance and retreat movement of the spindle is not hindered.

Returning to FIG. 1, the raw material supply mechanism (16) drawn into the chamber from the upper part of the chamber (11)
Is disposed above the raw material supply section (16a) formed between the drums (20) and (30). Further, on both sides of the drums (20) and (30), a conveyor (17) for transporting the scraping material (F) to a predetermined location is disposed below the scraper knife (71).

In this drum dryer, when drying the liquid raw material, the inside of the chamber (11) is first kept in a vacuum state by a vacuum mechanism (not shown), and then the drums (20) and (30) are heated. And rotate.

Subsequently, the liquid raw material (F) is supplied from the raw material supply mechanism (16) to the raw material supply section (16a) and adheres to the surfaces of the drums (20) and (30).

Next, the spindles (73), (75) and (85) are lowered by rotating the handle (74).
Scraper knife (71) to drum (20) (30)
Contact with low pressure surface. When the knife (71) is familiar, the handle (74) is operated again to bring the knife (71) into contact with the drums (20) and (30) at high pressure.

As a result, the dried raw material (F) adhering to the drums (20) and (30) is removed from the scraper knife (71).
And collected at a predetermined location via a conveyor (17).

On the other hand, when the operation of the apparatus is stopped, the reverse operation is performed. That is, the supply of the raw material (F) is stopped, and then the drums (20) and (30) of the knife (71) are stopped.
After switching the contact pressure to the low pressure once, the knife (7
1) is released from the drums (20) and (30).

In this drum dryer, the dimension between the drums (20) and (30) is the same as that of the slide drum (30).
By simply sliding, you can easily change it. In this case, as shown in FIG.
Since b) is fixed to the bearing (13b) via the bracket (32), it slides in conjunction with the rotating shaft (31), and the rotating shaft (31) generated by the sliding.
Is absorbed by the deformation of the flexible joint (50). Therefore, the shaft sealing mechanism (14b)
No harmful strain is generated in the mechanism (14).
The damage of b) can be prevented, and the airtightness can be kept good.

Needless to say, the shaft seal mechanism (14)
Since the gap between b) and the chamber wall is sealed by the flexible joint (50), the airtightness of the gap is kept good.

In the spindle portion of the scraper mechanism, as shown in FIG.
The outer periphery of the diaphragm (80) is fixed to the outer periphery of the center hole, and the outer periphery of the diaphragm (80) is fixed to the periphery of the spindle insertion hole of the chamber (11). Then, the diaphragm (80) bends to follow the spindle (75). Therefore, there is no rubbing portion between the spindle (75) and the diaphragm (80), and a complete seal can be achieved. As a result, good airtightness can be maintained, and dust and moisture can be prevented from entering between them. In addition, damage to the spindle (75), the diaphragm (80), and the like, and generation of rust can be prevented. Further, since such damage to the seal portion can be prevented, maintenance and inspection of the seal portion become unnecessary, and maintenance-free operation can be realized.

Further, since the spring (73d) and the like, which are easily affected by the adhesion of dust and the like, of the spindle mechanism are covered by the spindle cover (72),
It is possible to prevent dust from adhering to the spring (73d) and the like, and to effectively prevent the damage and the like.

<Second Embodiment> FIG. 6 is a schematic front sectional view showing a normal-pressure single-drum dryer according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, in this drum dryer, the feed roll (130) corresponds to the slide drum (30) of the first embodiment, and the roll (130) is driven by the same mechanism as described above. It is configured to come into contact with and separate from the drum (120). Further, the space between the rotation shaft (131) of the roll (130) and the rotation shaft insertion hole of the chamber (111) is hermetically sealed by the same mechanism as described above.

On the other hand, in the scraper mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder such as an air cylinder (151) is disposed on the beam (115).
The body (152) of 1) is rotatably attached to the inner peripheral surface of the beam (115), and the cylinder rod (153) passes through a rod insertion hole (115a) formed in the beam (115), and the chamber (111). ).

The inner peripheral edge of the center hole of the diaphragm (180) is fixed to the cylinder rod (153), and the outer peripheral edge of the diaphragm (180) is connected to the beam (11).
5) It is fixed to the periphery of the spindle insertion hole.

In the chamber (111),
On one side of the beam (115), a bracket (162)
A shaft (161) is supported through the shaft, and the scraper body (170) is rotatably attached to the shaft (161).

One piece of the scraper body (170) includes:
A scraper knife (171) is attached, and a tip of the cylinder rod (153) is rotatably attached to the other piece. When the cylinder (151) moves forward and backward, the scraper body (17) is driven.
0) is rotated so that the scraper knife (171) moves toward and away from the drum (120).

In this drum drier, the raw material (F) supplied from the raw material supply mechanism (116) into the raw material supply section (116a) once adheres to the outer surface of the feed roll (130), and then the drum (120). ) Adheres to the outer surface. Then, the raw material (F) is dried and solidified while the drum (120) is rotating, and then is scraped off sequentially by a scraper knife (171), and is conveyed to the conveyor (1).
17) and collected at a predetermined location.

Also in this drum dryer, the same structure as that of the first embodiment is employed in the portion of the chamber (111) where the feed shaft (130) is inserted through the rotating shaft, so that the airtightness of the portion is good. In addition, it is possible to prevent foreign substances from entering the chamber (111), release of harmful substances, and the like, and to easily perform a dimension change operation between the drum (120) and the feed roll (130).

Further, since the diaphragm (180) attached to the periphery of the rod insertion hole of the chamber (111) is fixed to the cylinder rod (153), the rod (1)
53) and the diaphragm (180) can be completely sealed, and good airtightness can be maintained.

Further, since the scraper driving section such as the cylinder body (152) is housed in the closed space such as the beam (115), the entry of dust and the like into the beam (115) is prevented. In addition, it is possible to prevent the scraper driving section from being damaged due to dust adhesion.

In this configuration, the beam (115)
If an inert gas such as nitrogen is supplied to the inside and the internal pressure is set higher than the external pressure, it is possible to more reliably prevent dust from entering the beam (115).

When a cylinder (151) is used as a scraper driving unit as in this embodiment, a sheet-shaped dry raw material can be obtained reliably as described below.

That is, when a handle type is used for operating the scraper, as shown by the imaginary line in FIG.
It is necessary to dispose the handle (174) on the outer surface of the chamber (111) in consideration of handle operability. At this time, the handle (174) and the scraper body (170)
Spindle (175) is connected to the knife (171)
Knife (171)
The sheet-like dry raw material (F) scraped off by the above is locked by the spindle (175) and is torn, resulting in a small-piece-like dry raw material, which makes it impossible to obtain a sheet-like dry raw material. It will be.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, a cylinder (15
Since 1) is used, there is no need to consider the operability and the like, and the cylinder (151) can be attached to any position, and the cylinder (151) is placed below the drum (120) as shown in the figure. , The cylinder rod (153) can be removed from below the knife (171), and a sheet-shaped dry raw material can be obtained.

Moreover, as described above, the cylinder (151)
Since the mounting position of the cylinder (151) is not restricted,
Can be placed in a conventional surplus space, etc.,
The device can be made compact.

In the present invention, a flexible joint is used as a sealing material for the shaft sealing portion of the rotating body. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any sealing material having flexibility or flexibility can be used. A material may be used.

Further, the sealing material used for the shaft sealing portion of the scraper mechanism is not limited to the diaphragm, and another sealing material such as a bellows seal may be used.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be applied not only to a vacuum type single drum dryer but also to a normal pressure type double drum dryer.

[0061]

According to the drum dryer of the present invention,
The scraper knife is configured to move toward and away from the drum based on the reciprocating operation of the reciprocating shaft whose rotation around the axis is blocked, and the flexibility or flexibility for sealing the reciprocating shaft insertion hole is increased. Since the seal member such as a diaphragm is fixed to the peripheral edge of the advance / retreat shaft and the advance / retreat shaft insertion hole, the seal material is deformed so as to follow the advance / retreat shaft during the operation of the advance / retreat shaft. Therefore,
There is no rubbing part between the two, complete sealing is achieved, good airtightness can be maintained, dust and moisture can be prevented from entering between them, and adverse effects due to intrusion of dust, such as damage to the reciprocating shaft, etc. Can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing a drum dryer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic horizontal sectional view showing the drum dryer of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a shaft end mechanism of the slide drum in the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a scraper mechanism in the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an exploded sectional view showing a spindle connecting portion of the scraper mechanism of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic front sectional view showing a drum dryer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic front sectional view showing a conventional drum dryer.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a scraper mechanism of a conventional drum dryer.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11, 111: chamber 11b: spindle insertion hole (advancing shaft insertion hole) 20, 120: fixed drum 30: slide drum 75: connecting spindle (advancing / retracting shaft) 71, 171: scraper knife 115a: rod insertion hole (advancing / retracting shaft insertion hole) ) 153: Cylinder rod (forward / backward axis) F: Raw material

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A drum dryer in which a raw material adhering to a drum rotating in a chamber is scraped by a scraper knife detachable from and separated from the drum, wherein the material is inserted through a reciprocating shaft insertion hole formed in a chamber wall. The scraper knife is configured to move toward and away from the drum based on the reciprocating operation of the reciprocating shaft that is prevented from rotating around the axis, and between the reciprocating shaft and the peripheral edge of the reciprocating shaft insertion hole. A flexible or flexible sealing material disposed in a hermetically-sealed manner on the advancing / retreating shaft and the peripheral edge of the advancing / retreating shaft insertion hole, respectively. 2. The drum dryer according to claim 1, wherein the sealing material is constituted by a diaphragm.