JP2647356B2 - Two-stage shield machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a two-stage shield machine (hereinafter simply referred to as a machine). More specifically, a small-diameter shield main body is coaxially arranged in a large-diameter shield main body so as to be able to expand and contract, so that the tunnel diameter can be reduced and excavated from the middle of a tunnel or the like. Regarding the excavator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the construction of tunnels, common trenches, and the like has often been carried out by a shield method. May have to change. In one example, in the construction of a new subway line or the like, a station building requiring a large-diameter tunnel and a track section that may be a small-diameter tunnel may be continuously excavated. In such a case, a so-called two-stage excavator (also called a parent-child excavator) that can change the excavation diameter of the tunnel (exclusively reducing the diameter) during excavation is used.

In this two-stage excavator, a small-diameter inner shield body (hereinafter, also referred to as a child shield) is coaxially and nested within a large-diameter outer shield body (hereinafter, also referred to as a parent shield). When the transition from the large-diameter tunnel to the small-diameter tunnel is performed, the excavation of the parent shield is stopped, and the child shield is started from the tip of the parent shield to excavate the small-diameter tunnel.

[0004] Such a two-stage excavator is also known from the following documents. That is, JP-A-1-94193, JP-A-3-66897, and JP-A-3-161
694, JP-A-3-197791, JP-A-3-250196, JP-A-3-115697, JP-A-5-10086, and JP-B-60-387.
No. 94, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 3-32689, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No.
No. 32690, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-32692, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-44996, and the like.

However, each of the two-stage excavators disclosed in the above publications effectively fixes both shields when the parent shield and the child shield are integrated, and removes the child shield from the parent shield. It is not clear how a realistic setup for releasing the above-mentioned fixing for smooth advancement and a practical configuration necessary for that.

In particular, the excavator receives earth pressure from the surroundings in the soil, and the parent shield slightly bends due to the earth pressure. At that time, the child shield greatly interferes with the inner diameter side of the parent shield. There is no description of a specific configuration that allows the vehicle to start and separate smoothly. Not only can it be done smoothly when separating, but also when the parent shield and the child shield are united, they can effectively and firmly fix both shields, so that they can also fully demonstrate the contradictory functions The specific configuration has not been disclosed. That is, it is not clear how to prevent the inadvertent relative displacement between the parent shield and the child shield at the time of integration, and how to join the parent shield and the child shield for smooth separation.

Further, when the child shield starts and separates from the parent shield by the propulsion jack, a reaction wall (a segment for receiving the reaction force) receiving the propulsion reaction force of the propulsion jack is assembled during excavation. It has been proposed to incorporate it at the tip of a large-diameter tunnel segment (see the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 3-19791 and 3-1156).
No. 97, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 5-10086,
44996). However, even if the diameter difference between the large-diameter tunnel and the small-diameter tunnel is large, such a reaction force receiving segment requires a dimension larger than the radius difference between the two tunnels, and receives the propulsive force (several thousand tons) of the child shield as a whole. It is very bulky and heavy because of the need. Therefore, a heavy load is applied to the erector, and there is a risk of damage. Moreover, assembling such a large segment in a tunnel is a very laborious task.

On the other hand, a ring-shaped reaction force receiving frame is provided on the inner diameter side of the parent shield without using the above-mentioned reaction force receiving segments (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 3-66897 and 3-161694). Or a tunnel provided with a reinforcing column or a reaction force receiving wall (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
No. 94193, JP-A-3-250196, JP-B-60-38794, JP-A-3-32689, JP-A-3-32690, JP-A-3-326
No. 92). However, it is extremely troublesome to install reinforcing columns and reaction receiving walls in the tunnel and remove them.

Further, when a reaction force receiving frame is installed on the inner diameter side of the parent shield, if the child shield is accommodated in the parent shield with the tail plate installed on the child shield, the total length of the parent shield must be lengthened. I can't. As a result, the cost is increased, and there is also a problem that the radius of the curved construction cannot be reduced with the center-bending excavator.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and when the parent shield and the child shield are integrated, the two shields are effectively and firmly fixed, and when the parent shield and the child shield are separated from each other, the two shields are smoothly fixed. The aim is to provide excavators to be made.

[0011]

An excavator according to the present invention is a two-stage shield excavator comprising an outer shield body and an inner shield body coaxially and nested within the outer shield body. A plurality of fixing devices provided between the outer shield body and the inner shield body and capable of fixing the two shield bodies to each other, and between a cutter ring at a front end of the outer shield body and a cutter disk at a front end of the inner shield body. It has a connecting device that can connect the equipped cutters to each other, and a clamp member that can define a gap between the shield main bodies to a predetermined size, wherein the fixing device is one of an outer shield main body and an inner shield main body. a recess provided in one, which is composed of a key to be inserted so that it can engage in said recess by instrumentation deposited by drive means on the other, the class Flop device is characterized by being composed of protrusions which can be advanced so as to contact the other surface by instrumentation deposited by drive means to one of the outer shield body and the inner shield body.

A sliding guide member for slidably supporting the inner shield body is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer shield body along the axial direction of the shield. This is preferable because the vehicle can be started smoothly.

The height of the slide guide member is made substantially equal to the predetermined size so that the slide guide member can define the gap between the outer shield body and the inner shield body at a predetermined size. This is preferable in that the influence of the deflection on the inner shield main body due to earth pressure or the like of the outer shield main body can be reduced.

A part of the plurality of fixing devices is a first fixing device for transmitting a propulsive force from the outer shield main body to the inner shield main body. It is preferable to form a slope where the propulsion force is transmitted by abutting against the key, because the key can be easily operated, and the inner shield body can be effectively fixed and the propulsion force can be transmitted.

[0015] A part of the plurality of fixing devices is a second fixing device for preventing relative rotation between the outer shield main body and the inner shield main body. It is preferable that the recess is configured to be in contact with the circumferential surface of the recess in that a reduction in the excavation efficiency due to the cutter of the inner shield body can be prevented.

In a part of the second fixing device,
The recess is formed by the side portion of the sliding guide member, and the key of the second fixing device and its driving means are mounted on the inner shield body, and the key is locked to the side portion of the sliding guide member. In order to prevent the relative rotation between the outer shield main body and the inner shield main body, the rotation reaction force of the cutter disk of the inner shield main body is applied when the inner shield main body starts (when both shield main bodies are separated). ) Is preferable in that it can be effectively received.

[0017] The first fixing device may be configured such that, after engagement, the key can move relative to the recess or the recess can move relative to the shield body in the circumferential direction and the radial direction of the shield body. The relative movement between the two shield bodies is restricted only in the axial direction by the key. The relative movement between the two shield bodies should be restricted only in the circumferential direction by configuring so that the relative movement can be performed in the axial direction and the radial direction, but it becomes easy to assume the load applied to the fixing device, As a result, it is preferable in that the best design and manufacture can be achieved and the fixing device can be easily repaired.

A reinforcing ring girder having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the inner shield is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the outer shield body along the circumferential direction, and is formed on the inner diameter side of the ring girder along the circumferential direction. Forming the reaction force receiving member to receive the reaction force when the propulsion jack of the inner shield body is activated requires cumbersome work such as installing a huge segment for receiving the reaction force and installing a reaction force receiving column It is preferable in that it does not.

If the reaction force receiving member is constructed so as to be divided into a plurality of parts and can be detachably attached to the ring girder, it is easy to carry and assemble and adversely affect the operation of the inner shield body. Is also preferred in that it is also reduced.

In a so-called center-bend excavator in which both the outer shield body and the inner shield body are formed of a front body and a rear body that can bend each other, both the fixing device and the clamp member are connected to both shield bodies. It is preferred to equip each between the front torso and between the rear torso in that the advantages described above can be provided in the folding machine.

[0021] At least a part of the recess or the key of the rear body of the inner shield body in the fixing device is provided on the front body of the outer shield body after the inner shield body is started from the outer shield body. Equipped at an angular position on the circumference that can engage at least a part of the key or the recess, for example, by holding the inner shield body by engaging the key with the recess after the inner shield body starts moving Therefore, it is preferable in that various operations such as attaching a tail plate to the inner shield main body can be easily performed.

On the inner peripheral surface of the outer shield main body, a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the inner shield main body and the outer peripheral surface of the assembled segment of the small diameter tunnel, which is continuous over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction, is formed. A sealing member for closing each is provided, and the sealing member is raised by the driving means, so that the tip portion is continuously elastically attached to the outer peripheral surface of the inner shield body and the outer peripheral surface of the assembled segment of the small-diameter tunnel. It is preferable to provide a configuration in which the seals are in contact with each other, since an effective seal is obtained.

[0023]

According to the excavator of the present invention, when the outer shield main body and the inner shield main body are integrated, the gap dimension between the two shield main bodies is secured by projecting the clamp member. The two shield bodies can be fixed to each other by the fixing device. Since this fixing device is made by pushing the other key into one recess, relative movement between the two shield bodies, that is, relative displacement in the axial direction and relative rotation of both shield bodies are prevented.

When the inner shield body starts moving from the outer shield body, the gap between the two shield bodies becomes a free radial displacement space for the inner shield body by retracting the clamp member. Therefore, the inner shield main body can start smoothly from the outer shield main body.

[0025]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of an excavator according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of an excavator according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion A in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion B in FIG. FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 3, FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG. 3, FIGS. 13 is a front view showing an arrangement of a connecting device between the inner and outer cutters in the excavator of FIG. 1, FIG. 14 is a front view showing an arrangement of a fixing device of the outer cutter ring in the excavator of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line HH, FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line II in FIG. 2, FIG. FIG. 18A is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of the fixing device in FIG. 17, FIG.
8 (b) is the operating state, and FIG. 18 (c) is E in FIG. 18 (b).
FIG. 19 (a) is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the second fixing device in the excavator shown in FIG.
20B is a plan view of the boss in FIG. 19A, and FIG. 19C is a cross-sectional view when the fixing device is engaged, and FIG.
20A is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of the fixing device in the excavator of FIG. 1, and FIG. 20B is a perspective view of FIG.
20 (c) is a cross-sectional view when the fixing device is engaged, and FIG. 21 (a) is a cross-sectional view when the embodiment of the entrance seal in FIG. 2 is not operated. FIG. 21 (b) is a sectional view showing the operation of the entrance seal.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an excavator, 2 denotes an outer shield body (hereinafter, referred to as a parent shield as appropriate) composed of a rear trunk 4 and a front trunk 5, and 3 denotes an inside of the parent shield 2. An inner shield body (hereinafter referred to as a child shield as appropriate) housed in a coaxial and telescopic manner.
And a front body 7. 2 and 3 showing the parts A and B of the excavator 1 in an enlarged scale, and FIG. 4 showing the cross sections taken along lines CC and DD of FIG. I understand in detail.

Numeral 8 denotes a propulsion jack fixed to the rear trunk 4 of the main shield 2, and a plurality of propulsion jacks (28 in the present embodiment) are disposed on the inner circumference of the skin plate 4a of the rear trunk 4 at substantially equal intervals.
It is arranged. The propulsion jack 8 pushes the tip of the assembled segment S to advance the parent shield 2.
Also, a center-bent jack (reference numeral 9 in FIGS. 4A and 17) whose ends are respectively fixed to the rear trunk 4 and the front trunk 5 of the parent shield 2 has a smaller diameter than the arrangement circle of the propulsion jacks 8. On the circumference and almost between the propulsion jacks 8,
A plurality (24 in this embodiment) are arranged at substantially equal intervals (see also FIG. 4). The center folding jack 9 has a group of jacks arranged on one side extending by a predetermined stroke, with a line connecting the pair of center bending pins 10 arranged at upper and lower positions of the excavator 1 as a symmetric axis, When the jack group arranged in this manner contracts by a predetermined stroke, the front body 5 and the rear body 4 have a function of inclining each other about a line connecting the center bending pins 10 as an axis. Further, together with the center bending pin 10, it has a function of transmitting the thrust of the propulsion jack 8 from the rear trunk 4 to the front trunk 5.

The child shield 3 is similarly arranged with 16 propulsion jacks 11 and 12 center bending jacks 12 (FIG. 4).
And FIG. 17), and two center bending pins 13.
And are arranged. The center bending pin 10 of the parent shield 2 and the center bending pin 13 of the child shield 3 are provided on the same diameter of the excavator 1, so that when the excavator 1 is bent, both shields 2 and 3 are around the same axis. Bend inside.

The number of the propulsion jacks and the center bending jacks may be selected according to the size of each of the parent shield 2 and the child shield 3.

14 is the cutter chamber 1 of the parent shield 2
Reference numeral 15 denotes a first water discharge pipe for supplying water into 6, and reference numeral 15 denotes a first water discharge pipe for discharging mud from the inside of the cutter chamber 16, both ends of which are connected to the inside of the cutter chamber 16. The first water pipe 14 and the first mud pipe 15 are collectively referred to as first mud pipes 14 and 15 as appropriate. Also,
Reference numeral 17 denotes a second water supply pipe for supplying water into the cutter chamber 19 of the child shield 3, and reference numeral 18 denotes a second drainage pipe for discharging mud from the cutter chamber 19, both ends of which have a cutter chamber of the child shield 3. 19 are connected. The second water pipe 17 and the second drain pipe 18 are also collectively referred to as second water pipes 17 and 18 as appropriate.

The cutter chamber 16 of the parent shield 2 is
The space behind the cutter ring 20 of the parent shield 2 is a space into which cut earth and sand can enter. The cutter chamber 19 of the child shield 3 is located behind the cutter disk 21 of the child shield 3 and is also a space where cut earth and sand enter. Both the first water pipe 14 and the first mud pipe 15 penetrate the skin plate 7a of the front body 7 of the child shield 3 from inside to outside, and easily separate at two portions inside and outside the skin plate 7a. Flange 2
2 and 23 are connected.

The first and second sludge pipes 14, 15 and the second sludge pipes 17, 18 are not used simultaneously. That is,
When the parent shield 2 and the child shield 3 are integrated, only the first mud pipes 14 and 15 are used, and the second mud pipes 17 and 1 are used.
Reference numeral 8 denotes a spare tube. The two cutter chambers 16,
19 are communicated with each other by an opening (not shown) formed in a hood 19a covering the entire circumference of the cutter chamber 19 of the child shield. Therefore, the first sludge pipes 14 and 15 (the second sludge pipes 17 and 18 may be used).
It can be used for both cutter chambers 16 and 19. Then, when the child shield 3 separates from the parent shield 2 and excavates independently, only the second feeding and discharging pipes 17 and 18 are used. By doing so, it is always possible to control one system of the feeding and discharging pipe.

Reference numeral 24 denotes an elector for assembling the segment S, and reference numeral 25 denotes a perfect circle holding device for holding a perfect circle of the assembled segment S for a predetermined period. As will be described later, these two members 24 and 25 are each one, and can correspond to both the segment of the large-diameter tunnel and the segment of the small-diameter tunnel. 3 and 4 both correspond to a segment of a large diameter tunnel.

Reference numeral 26 denotes a connecting device for connecting and separating the cutter ring 20 and the cutter disk 21. As shown in FIG. 13, ten connecting devices 26 are provided on the circumference, and the driving cylinder 26 a provided on the cutter disk 21 engages the pins 26 b with the bosses 26 c provided on the cutter ring 20. The cutter ring 20 and the cutter disk 21 are connected. 27 is the cutter ring 20 for the parent shield 2
14 is a fixing device for fixing to and separating from
As shown in the figure, eight are provided at substantially equal intervals on the circumference.

Reference numeral 28 in FIGS. 2 and 18 denotes a front body fixing key for connecting the front body 5 of the parent shield 2 and the front body 7 of the child shield 3 and releasing the connection. The drive cylinder 28a is configured to be advanced outward in the radial direction. Reference numeral 29 denotes a boss with which the front trunk fixing key 28 can be engaged, and is provided on the inner diameter side of the parent shield 2. Reference numeral 30 in FIG. 3 denotes a rear body fixing key for connecting the rear body 4 of the parent shield 2 and the rear body 6 of the child shield 3 and releasing the connection, and a driving cylinder mounted on the child shield 3. It is configured to be advanced radially outward by 30a. Reference numeral 31 denotes a boss with which the body fixing key 30 can be engaged. The keys 28 and 30 and the bosses 29 and 30 are fixing devices for fixing the shield main bodies described in the claims. The arrangement of these keys and bosses in the circumferential direction of the shield is shown in FIGS. Sixteen keys 28 and bosses 29 for the front body are provided at equal intervals (FIG. 1).
5) Four rear body keys 30 and four bosses 31 are provided at equal intervals (FIG. 16).

It should be noted that reference numeral 32 denotes a key 3 on the rear body, as will be described later.
Numeral 0 is a boss of a front body that can be engaged, 33 is a slide rail for a child shield described later (also refer to FIG. 17), 34 is a clamp described later, and 35 is a clamp of a child shield 3 described later. 36 is a key for receiving torque.
Are bosses that can be fitted and engaged. Reference numeral 37 denotes a key having both functions of receiving a torque and clamping the child shield 3 described later, and reference numeral 38 denotes a boss to which the key 37 can be fitted and engaged.

The sixteen keys 28 and the bosses 29 for the front body fix the shields 2 and 3 when the parent shield 2 and the child shield 3 are integrated with each other to prevent relative movement in the axial direction. At the same time, the propulsion force of the parent shield 2 is
To communicate.

For this purpose, the key 28 and the boss 2
9 has a shape as shown in FIG. That is,
The key 28 has a rectangular cross section, and its rear surface (the rear surface when the shield travel direction is the front) is inclined, and the inside of the boss 29 is also a rectangular recess. The slope is set to be the same as the slope of 28.

Therefore, when the key 28 is advanced from the non-engaged state shown in FIG. 18A to the engaged state shown in FIG. 18B, the rear surfaces of the key 28 and the boss 29 come into contact with each other. Meet each other. By doing so, the transmission of propulsion is achieved. As shown in FIG. 18C, a slight gap is left between the key and the key on both inner side surfaces (both circumferential surfaces) of the boss 29. Thereby, the key 28 and the boss 29
The structure can easily align the two when assembling, and does not receive a force in a direction other than the thrust. The boss 29 may be held, for example, with a certain degree of freedom in the circumferential direction without providing a gap between the inner surface of the boss 29 and the key.

When the parent shield 2 and the child shield 3 are folded in one piece while the parent shield 2 and the child shield 3 are integrated, the relative positional relationship between the rear bodies 4, 6 of the shields 2, 3 is set. The function of maintaining the pitching and the yawing due to the change of the angle is not produced. The key 30 and the boss 31 also have the same shape as the front body key 28 and the boss 29 (see FIG. 18).

Further, bosses 32 are installed at 90 ° intervals in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the front body of the parent shield 2, that is, at angular positions corresponding to the keys 30 of the rear body (see FIG. 15). The boss 32 has the same shape as the bosses 29 and 31. By doing so, child shield 3
When the vehicle starts moving from the parent shield 2 and moves a predetermined distance, the key 28 on the rear body can be engaged with the boss 32 on the front body, and the child shield 3 is again held by the parent shield 2. The work of attaching the tail plate to the child shield 3 is performed in a stable state. For example, if the angular positions of the keys 28 and the bosses 29 of the front trunk are made to coincide with the angular positions of the keys 30 and the bosses 31 of the rear trunk, the boss 32 need not be particularly provided.

Reference numeral 33 denotes a slide rail on which the child shield 3 slides when the child shield 3 starts moving from the parent shield 2. The slide rail 33 is provided on the lower part of the inner surface of the skin plate 5 a of the front trunk 5 of the parent shield 2. It is formed along the longitudinal direction of the shield (FIG. 17). When viewed along the central axis of the parent shield 2, the shield 2 is provided by being distributed by about 30 ° around the lowermost end (see FIGS. 15 and 16).

The slide rail 33 has a small gap O (about 20 m in this embodiment) between the outer peripheral surface of the child shield 3 and the entire inner peripheral surface of the parent shield 2.
m) is supported with the front trunk 7 of the child shield 3 separated by a distance (see FIG. 15). That is, the height dimension of the slide rail 33 exactly matches the dimension of the gap O. The gap O is secured so as not to press the child shield 3 even if the parent shield 2 bends due to the earth pressure, and a clamp 34 for holding the gap O, 37 (as described later, 37 has a function of clamping together with a key) is provided toward the outer periphery of the front body 7 of the child shield 3 (see FIG. 15). The clamps 34 and 37 are formed by protrusions which are advanced radially outward by a predetermined dimension by a drive cylinder 34 a provided on the child shield 3 side and are brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the parent shield 2. By doing so, the gap between the inner peripheral surface of the parent shield 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the child shield 3 can be regulated to a predetermined size as described later.

The slide rail 33 and the clamp 3
Numeral 4 is also formed on the rear trunk side (see FIG. 16), so that the rear trunk of the child shield 3 is also held by the rear trunk of the parent shield 2 with the above-mentioned gap O therebetween.

As described above, the child shield 3 has its front body 7
The rear trunk 6 has its own weight supported by the slide rail 33 of the parent shield 2 at two lower left and right portions, and is held by a clamp 34.

The above-mentioned torque receiving keys 35 and 37 and the bosses 36 and 38 are provided at the center positions in the 180 ° direction (upper and lower ends in the vertical direction in this embodiment). As shown in FIG. 19, the key 35 at the lower end is advanced radially outward by a drive cylinder 35a provided on the child shield 3 side, and is fitted and engaged with a boss 36. The shape of the key 35 is tapered at the distal end, and the inner peripheral surface of the boss 36 has a tapered shape corresponding to the key 35. Furthermore, the key 35 can be divided into two parts for easy alignment of the key and the boss. (FIG. 19A). Further, elastic members 36a are provided on both outer sides in the shield axial direction of the boss 36, and rigid bodies 36b are provided on both outer sides in the shield circumferential direction (FIG. 19).
(B)). Thereby, after engaging with the boss 36,
The key side (child shield side) cannot move (can not rotate) in the circumferential direction, but has some freedom of movement in the shield axis direction indicated by arrow F in the figure. In order to obtain this degree of freedom, a gap may be simply formed without providing an elastic member. An elastic member 36c is also provided on the outside of the bottom of the boss 36 (FIG. 19C), and there is a degree of freedom in the shield radial direction. With this configuration, the key 35 and the boss 36 prevent relative rotation of the shields 2 and 3 when they are integrated. That is, the transmission of the propulsion force constrained in the axial direction is entrusted to the key 28 (30) and the boss 29 (31) shown in FIG.

Further, a locking member 33a which is protruded by a small cylinder is provided on a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the child shield 3 just corresponding to the side of the slide rail 33. By locking the locking member 33a to the side of the slide rail 33, the child shield 3
When the vehicle starts moving from the parent shield 2 and starts excavation alone, it can receive the reaction force of the rotational torque of the cutter disk of the child shield 3.

Here, of the upper and lower torque receivers, the upper torque receiver has a clamping function as described above. That is, as shown in FIG.
7 has a stepped tapered shape, and the boss 38 has the same shape as the torque receiving boss. The distal end side of the step 37a of the key 37 has a shape that can be fitted to the boss 38 exactly, and the outer diameter of the base end side is larger than the inner diameter of the boss 38 (FIG. 20 (a)). The step portion 37a just comes into contact with the outer surface of the upper end of the boss 38, so that the function of the clamp can be achieved (FIG. 20C). The boss 38 can be divided into two parts, elastic members 38a are provided on both outer sides in the shield axial direction, and rigid bodies 38b are provided on both outer sides in the shield circumferential direction (FIG. 20 (b)). 36 (FIG. 19). But boss 38
The elastic member is not provided on the outside of the bottom of the, but a rigid body 38c is provided instead (FIG. 20 (c)). As a result, there is no freedom in the shield radial direction. This is because it is necessary to function as a clamp.

Reference numeral 39 denotes a ring girder, which is a parent shield 2
The rear body 4 is formed in a donut shape having a square cross section along the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 4a. The ring girder 39 holds the rear trunk 6 of the child shield 3 on the inner diameter side (FIG. 3).

Reference numeral 40 denotes a reaction force receiver, and when the child shield 3 advances from the parent shield 2, the propulsion jack 11 from which the child shield 3 extends comes into contact. Child shield 3 by the reaction force
Moves forward. The reaction force receiver 40 is formed in a ring shape protruding toward the inner diameter side of the ring girder 39 (FIG. 3). The inner diameter of the reaction force receiver 40 is larger than the outer diameter of the child shield 3. The reaction force receiver 40 is formed by connecting a plurality of element members to each other by a known connecting means such as a bolt to form an annular shape, and thus can be divided. Furthermore, each element member can be attached to and detached from the ring girder 39.

As shown in FIG. 2, an entrance packing 41 for sealing the gap O between the parent shield 2 and the child shield 3 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the parent shield 2. It is provided on the inner peripheral surface over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction (FIG. 2). In FIG. 2, the tip of the entrance packing 41 is drawn as penetrating the skin plate of the child shield 3, but actually comes into contact with the skin plate of the child shield 3. In the figure, the entrance packing is shown at a position where it can stand up if there is no restraint during operation.

As shown in FIG. 21, the entrance packing 41 has a flexible closure so as to close a groove 41a formed on the inner peripheral surface of the parent shield 2 over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction. The plate 41b is fixed, and only one side thereof is fixed to the closing plate 41b, and the flexible sealing plate 41c is overlapped (FIG. 21A). Groove 4
When water is injected from the water injection port 41d into the hole 1a, the closing plate 41b swells toward the child shield 3, and the sealing plate 41c rises accordingly, and abuts on the outer peripheral surface of the child shield 3 over the entire circumference to seal. (FIG. 21B). The direction of arrow M is the front of the shield. The sealing plate 41c is formed by embedding a plurality of strip-shaped metal plates 41f in a circumferential direction in a plate 41e made of a flexible material such as a polyurethane resin. The required rigidity is imparted to the seal plate 41c by the metal plate 41f.

Reference numeral 42 denotes a motor for rotationally driving the cutter (the cutter ring 20 and the cutter disk 21). The motor 42 rotates the cutter disk 21 via a reduction gear 43, a pinion 44, and a gear ring 45 coaxial with the shield. The cutter ring 20 is a cutter disc 21
When connected to the cutter disk 20, the cutter ring 20 also rotates integrally with the cutter disk 21.

Next, the excavator 1 configured as described above
1 will be described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIGS.

FIG. 1 shows that the parent shield 2 and the child shield 3 are integrated, so that a large diameter tunnel can be excavated. That is, the cutter ring 20 and the cutter disk 21 are connected by the connecting device 26, and the parent shield 2 and the child shield 3 are connected by the front trunk fixing key 28 and the rear trunk fixing key 30. Then, the excavator 1 assembles the segment S into a cylindrical shape with the erector 24 while excavating the large-diameter tunnel. The perfect circle holding device 25 stretches the assembled cylindrical segment S from the inside and holds the perfect circle of the segment S. Reference numeral 46 denotes a tail plate of the parent shield 2, which is provided with a tail grout seal 47 for sealing a gap between the tail plate 46 and the assembled segment S to prevent earth and sand or water from flowing into the tunnel. .

Next, the procedure moves to a preparation operation for moving the child shield out of the parent shield for excavating a small diameter tunnel.

As shown in FIG. 5, first, the pin 26b of the connecting device 26 is removed from the boss 26c to release the connection between the cutter ring 20 and the cutter disk 21. Then, the cutter ring 20 is fixed to the parent shield 2 by the fixing device 27. Next, the first water pipe 14 and the first drain pipe 15 are separated from the flanges 22 and 23, respectively, and the pipe inside the front body skin plate 7a of the child shield 3 is removed. The flange part of the feed and discharge pipe inside the child shield 3
They are closed by closing plates 22a and 23a, respectively.
Further, a preparation is made to reduce the erector 24 for a small-diameter tunnel and to reduce the perfect circle holding device 25 for a small-diameter tunnel.
Further, the front body fixed keys 28, 35, 37 and the rear body fixed key 30 are respectively assigned to bosses 29, 36, 38,
Extract from 31.

The operation of closing the opening of the hood 19a of the child shield 3 (the one that allows the cutter chambers 16 and 19 to communicate with each other) is performed at any time during the above operations.

Next, the description moves to FIG. After the child shield is ready for launch as described above, the clamp 34 (FIG. 15)
Then, the propulsion jack 11 of the child shield 3 is operated, the reaction force receiver 40 of the parent shield 2 is pushed, and the child shield 3 is excavated while being advanced by the reaction force.
The child shield 3 is supported at its lower part by a slide rail 33 (see FIGS. 15 and 16) when moving in the axial direction. At this time, since the connection between the cutter ring 20 and the cutter disk 21 has been released, the driving force of the motor 42 is naturally transmitted only to the cutter disk 21,
The cutter ring 20 has stopped. When the child shield 3 starts moving, the locking member 33a is protruded from the child shield 3 toward the parent shield 2 and is locked to the side of the slide rail 33. The cutter disk 2 is fixed by the locking member 33a.
Since one rotation reaction force can be received, a smooth start can be achieved. Thereafter, the parent shield 2 is generally left in the soil.

As shown in FIG. 7, after the child shield 3 has advanced a predetermined distance, the propulsion jack 11 and the reaction
In between, the segment S for the small diameter tunnel is temporarily assembled. This is because the child shield 3 has a tail plate (FIG. 9).
This is to secure a space for assembling the reference numeral 48).

That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the propulsion jack 11 is operated again to push the temporary assembly segment S to further advance the child shield 3 to secure a predetermined space.

At this time, in the parent shield 2, the boss 32 is provided on the front body at a position corresponding to a part of the rear body fixed keys 30 of the child shield 3. The body fixing key 30 is engaged with the boss 32. As a result, the rear trunk 6 of the tail plate 48 in the subsequent process
At the time of assembling, the child shield 3 can be fixed and stabilized against the reaction force of the ground. Although the boss 32 is shown in the same position as the front trunk boss 29 in FIG. 8, this is a drawing operation for convenience, and is actually installed at the position shown in FIG.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9, the piston rod of the propulsion jack 11 is contracted, and the temporary assembly segment is removed, and the tail plate 48 is assembled to the rear end of the rear trunk 6. The tail plate 48 is provided with a tail grout seal 49 for sealing a gap between the tail plate 48 and the assembled segment S to prevent earth and sand or water from flowing into the tunnel.

Next, as shown in FIG. 10, a frame 50 for a small-diameter tunnel is mounted on the perfect circle holding device 25.

Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the rear trunk fixing key 30 is removed from the boss 32, and the child shield 3 is made free with respect to the parent shield 2.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 12, a small-diameter tunnel is excavated by a child shield and a segment S is assembled as in the conventional case.

As described above, according to the excavator 1, the excavation change from the large-diameter tunnel to the small-diameter tunnel is efficiently performed.

[0069]

According to the present invention, both shields of the parent and child are
Since a predetermined gap can be maintained between them and fixed effectively, the child shield can be started smoothly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of an excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion A in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion B in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 3, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a digging operation of the digging machine shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a digging operation of the digging machine shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a digging operation of the digging machine shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a digging operation of the digging machine shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a digging operation of the digging machine shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a digging operation of the digging machine shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a digging operation of the digging machine shown in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a digging operation of the digging machine shown in FIG.

FIG. 13 is a front view showing an arrangement of a connecting device for inner and outer cutters in the excavator of FIG. 1;

FIG. 14 is a front view showing an arrangement of a fixing device of the outer cutter ring in the excavator of FIG. 1;

FIG. 15 is a sectional view taken along line HH in FIG. 2;

FIG. 16 is a sectional view taken along line II in FIG. 2;

FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of a first fixing device and a slide rail in the excavator of FIG. 1;

18 (a) is a sectional view showing a non-operating state of the fixing device in FIG. 17, FIG. 18 (b) is a sectional view showing an operating state, and FIG. 18 (c) is a sectional view of FIG. b) E
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line -E.

19 (a) is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the second fixing device in the excavator of FIG. 1, and FIG. 19 (b)
FIG. 20 is a plan view of the boss in FIG.
(C) is a sectional view of the fixing device at the time of engagement.

FIG. 20 (a) is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of the fixing device in the excavator of FIG. 1, and FIG.
20B is a plan view of the boss in FIG. 20A, and FIG. 20C is a cross-sectional view when the fixing device is engaged.

21 (a) is a cross-sectional view showing a non-operating state of the embodiment of the entrance seal in FIG. 2; FIG.
(B) is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of the entrance seal.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Drilling machine 2 ... Parent shield 3 ... Child shield 4 ... Rear trunk 5 ... Front trunk 6 ... Rear trunk 7 ... Front trunk 8 ... Propulsion jack 9. ..Middle folding jack 10 ・ ・ ・ Middle folding pin 13 ・ ・ ・ Middle folding pin 28 ・ ・ ・ Front trunk fixed key 29 ・ ・ ・ Boss 30 ・ ・ ・ Rear trunk fixed key 31 ・ ・ ・ Boss 32 ・ ・ ・ Boss 33 ... Slide rail 34 ... Clamp 35,37 ... Key 36,38 ... Boss 40 ... Reaction force receiving 41 ... Entrance packing S ... Segment

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Koji Bando 1-3-1, Higashikawasaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo Prefecture Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. 1-1-3 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Kobe Head Office (56) References JP-A 8-177378 (JP, A) JP-A 8-189287 (JP, A)

Claims (12)

(57) [Claims] 1. A two-stage shield machine comprising an outer shield body and an inner shield body coaxially and nested within the outer shield body, wherein a predetermined gap is formed between the two shield bodies. A plurality of fixing devices provided between the outer shield main body and the inner shield main body and capable of fixing the two shield main bodies to each other, a cutter ring at the front end of the outer shield main body and a cutter disk at the front end of the inner shield main body. Between the two shields, and a clamp member capable of defining a gap between the shield bodies to a predetermined size, wherein the fixing device comprises an outer shield body and an inner shield. Contact is composed of a recess provided in one of the body, the instrumentation deposited by drive means to the other a key to be inserted so that it can engage in said recess Ri, the clamping device, the outer shield body and the inner shield bunk consisting consist projection can be advanced so as to contact the other surface by instrumentation deposition <br/> by drive means to one of the body Type shield machine. 2. A sliding guide member for slidably supporting the inner shield body on an inner peripheral surface of the outer shield body along an axial direction of the shield. Step type shield machine. 3. The sliding guide member has a height substantially equal to the predetermined dimension so that a gap between the outer shield main body and the inner shield main body can be defined to a predetermined dimension. Item 2. A two-stage shield machine according to item 2. 4. A part of the plurality of fixing devices,
A first fixing device for transmitting a propulsion force from an outer shield body to an inner shield body, the slope having a rear surface of the key and a rear surface of the recess abutting against each other to transmit the propulsion force. The two-stage shield machine according to claim 1, wherein 5. A part of the plurality of fixing devices,
A second fixing device for preventing relative rotation between the outer shield main body and the inner shield main body, which is configured such that a circumferential surface of the key and a circumferential surface of the recess abut after engagement. The two-stage shield machine according to claim 1. 6. A part of the second fixing device, the recess of which is formed by a side portion of the sliding guide member, and a key of the second fixing device and a driving means thereof are inner shields. 3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the key is fixed to a side portion of the sliding guide member so as to prevent relative rotation between the outer shield main body and the inner shield main body. Two-stage shield machine. 7. The method according to claim 7, wherein the first fixing device is configured such that, after engagement, the key is directed to the recess or the recess is directed to the shield body.
By being configured to be relatively movable in the circumferential direction and the radial direction of the shield body, the relative movement between the two shield bodies is restricted only in the axial direction, and the second fixing device, after engagement, The key is configured to be able to move relative to the recess or the shield body relative to the shield body in the axial and radial directions of the shield body, so that the relative movement between the two shield bodies is circumferential. The two-stage shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the machine is restricted only to the vehicle. 8. A reinforcing ring girder having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the inner shield is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer shield main body along the circumferential direction. 2. The two-stage shield machine according to claim 1, wherein a reaction force receiving member for receiving a reaction force when the propulsion jack of the inner shield main body is operated is formed along the line. 9. The two-stage shield machine according to claim 8, wherein the reaction force receiving member is configured to be divided into a plurality of parts and is detachably attached to the ring girder. 10. The outer shield body and the inner shield body both include a front body and a rear body that can bend each other, and the fixing device and the clamp member are both between and between the front bodies of both shield bodies. 2. The two-stage shield machine according to claim 1, which is provided between the trunks. 11. The front body of the outer shield body after the inner shield body has been launched from the outer shield body, at least a part of the recess or the key of the rear body of the inner shield body in the fixing device. 11. The two-stage shield machine according to claim 10, wherein the shield is mounted at an angular position on a circumference capable of engaging at least a part of the key or the recess formed. 12. A gap between the outer peripheral surface of the inner shield body and an outer peripheral surface of the assembled segment of the small-diameter tunnel, the inner peripheral surface of the outer shield body being continuous over the entire circumference thereof. A seal member for closing each gap is provided, and the seal member is started up by the driving means, so that the distal end portion is continuous, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner shield body and the small-diameter tunnel are assembled. 2. The two-stage shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the two-stage shield machine is configured to elastically contact the outer peripheral surface of the segment.