JP2649916B2 - Music signal generator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a musical tone control data stored in an external memory in which a plurality of external memories storing musical tone control data such as tone colors are detachably mounted. The present invention relates to a musical tone signal generating device which generates a musical tone signal based on a tone signal.

[Conventional technology]

A plurality of external memories storing tone control data such as tones are detachably mounted, the installed external memory is selected, the tone control data stored therein is read, and the tone signal is controlled by the read tone control data. Conventionally, a technique disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 50-52921 is known. Here, a musical tone setting device for an analog synthesizer type electronic musical instrument is shown, in which a plurality of unit boards (that is, external memories) for each musical tone type in which control voltage information corresponding to various musical tones are preset are used as parent boards. 3 shows that the unit board is detachably mounted on the base board, each unit board on the parent board is selected by a preset selection switch, and the tone signal is controlled by using the control voltage information of the selected unit board. In this case, each unit board connection position on the parent board and each preset selection switch are one-to-one.
The control voltage information is read from the unit board mounted at the connection position selected by the preset selection switch.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the above-described related art, since each unit board connection position on the parent board corresponds to the selection switch in a fixed one-to-one correspondence, a connection position where no unit board is mounted is selected by the selection switch. In such a case, the control voltage information cannot be taken out, and no sound is produced. When the unit boards are not mounted collectively in a specific range, it is relatively easy to carefully operate so as not to select and operate the selection switch corresponding to such a specific range. If it is not mounted at any position (that is, it is thinned out), it is difficult not to operate the selection switch corresponding to any connection position where such a unit board is not mounted, The problem as described above was likely to occur.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and provides a tone signal generating device capable of selecting an external memory by removing a memory connection portion to which an external memory is not mounted among a plurality of memory connection portions. What you want to do.

[Means for solving the problem]

A tone signal generating apparatus according to the present invention comprises a tone signal forming means for forming a tone signal based on tone control data supplied thereto, and a plurality of memory connections to which a plurality of external memories storing the tone control data are detachably mounted. Unit, mounting detection means for detecting whether or not the external memory is mounted on each memory connection part, and the memory connection part on which the external memory is actually mounted based on the detection result of the mounting detection means. Rank assigning means for assigning a rank to each of
For selecting and specifying a desired order by the user, limiting the maximum value of the order that can be selected and specified by the user to the maximum order assigned to the order allocating means,
Selecting means that can be selected and specified only within the restricted order, and specifying the memory connection unit corresponding to the order selected and specified by the selecting means according to the allocation result by the order allocating means; Data supply means for supplying musical tone control data relating to an external memory attached to the specified memory connection unit to the musical tone signal forming means. This is shown graphically in FIG. 1 where 1a
1 to 1n are external memories, 2a to 2m are memory connection units, 3 is a mounting detection unit, 4 is a rank assignment unit, 5 is a selection unit, 6 is a data supply unit, and 7 is a tone signal formation unit.

[Action]

Each memory connection unit 2a-2m has an optional external memory 1a-1n
Can be detachably mounted. Each memory connection 2a
Whether or not an external memory is attached to 2 m is detected by the attachment detection unit 3. The rank assigning unit 4 assigns a rank to the memory connection unit to which the external memory is attached based on the detection result of the attachment detecting unit 3. For example, when an external memory is attached only to the memory connection units 2a, 2b, 2d, and 2g, "1" is assigned to the memory connection unit 2a, "2" is assigned to 2b, "3" is assigned to 2d, and "4" is assigned to 2g. And so on, and no order is assigned to the memory connection units 2c, 2e, 2f, 2h to 2m to which no other external memories are attached.

When selecting an external memory to be used for tone control, the user selects and designates a desired order by the selection means 5. Here, the selecting means 5 limits the maximum value of the rank that can be selected and designated by the user to the maximum rank assigned by the rank allocating means 4 and enables the selection designation only within the limited rank. . Then, in the data supply unit 6, the memory connection units 2a to 2c corresponding to the order selected by the selection unit 5
2m is specified according to the assignment result by the rank assignment means 4,
The tone control data relating to the external memory attached to the specified memory connection portion is supplied to the tone signal forming means 7. For example, if the rank “3” is selected by the selection unit 5 and the rank is assigned as described above,
The memory connection unit 2g is selected, and the tone control data relating to the external memory attached thereto is supplied. As can be seen, the external memories 1a-1n for the memory connections 2a-2m
Is changed, and the contents of the rank assignment change accordingly, even if the same rank "3" is selected by the selecting means 5, the same memory connection unit 2g as described above is not necessarily selected. Absent. The tone signal forming means 7 forms a tone signal based on the tone control data supplied by the data supply means 6.

Therefore, a memory connection portion to which no external memory is attached is automatically excluded from selection targets by the selection means, and selection of an external memory used for tone control can be performed easily and reliably. .

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 2 shows a hardware configuration of an embodiment of a tone signal generator 10 according to the present invention. In the tone signal generator 10 of this embodiment, a CPU (central processing unit) 11 and a program ROM (read only memory) are provided. Various operations and processes are controlled by a microcomputer including a memory 12 and a data and working RAM (random access memory) 13. The musical tone signal generator 10 of this embodiment is formed as a module as a tone generator module. On the other hand, an arbitrary keyboard device or an automatic performance device (not shown) which is also modularized respectively is provided. By connecting via a MIDI interface 14 and further connecting a sound system 15, an electronic musical instrument can be configured as a whole.

The modularized keyboard device includes a keyboard having a plurality of keys, a circuit for detecting key depression and key release on this keyboard, and a circuit for detecting a key touch such as a key pressing speed. Each time there is a key press, a key code of a key related to the key press, touch data indicating a key touch, and a key-on event signal are output, and whenever a key-off event (new key release) occurs, a new key-off event is generated. A key code of a key related to key release and a key-off event signal are output. The modularized automatic performance device outputs key data including a key code indicating the pitch of the automatic performance sound at the timing when the automatic performance sound is to be generated.
The data output from these modularized keyboard devices or automatic performance devices are expressed in the MIDI standard, which is a common standard for musical tone signal processing.
The music signal is fetched into the tone signal generator 10 via the MIDI interface 14.

The voice cartridge 16 includes a plurality of memory connection sections for detachably mounting a plurality of external memories, and includes an interface 16a. As will be described later, the voice cartridge 16 itself can be attached to and detached from the main body of the tone signal generator 10.

The operation panel section 17 includes switches, operators, and a display for setting and selecting timbres and various data. For example, as selection means for selecting a voice number (tone number) indicating a tone of a generated musical tone,
An up switch USW and a down switch DSW, and a display DSPY for displaying a voice number (tone number) selected in accordance with the operation of these switches USW and DSW and a tone name thereof are provided. It should be noted that the "voice number (tone number)" selected by the selection means including the up switch USW and the down switch DSW does not absolutely correspond to the tone name. , Is simply “rank” data provided for the convenience of the selection operation. The data of the “voice number (tone number)”, that is, the “order” is stored in the voice cartridge 16 according to the order assignment contents based on the order assignment process described later.
Performs a function of selecting one memory connection unit in the above. With the selection of the one memory connection unit, one external memory mounted thereon is selected, and the tone control data stored therein is read out and used for tone control.
Note that, as will be described later, the above-mentioned “order” is assigned only to the memory connection portion of the voice cartridge 16 to which the external memory is attached among the plurality of memory connection portions. The order assignment process and the process of reading the selected external memory are executed by the microcomputer.

The microcomputer also receives, via the MIDI interface 14 and the data bus 19, key data including a key code indicating a pitch of a musical tone to be generated, and converts the musical tones corresponding to the received key code into a plurality of musical tones. A process of allocating to any of the formation channels is also performed. The tone signal forming circuit 18 forms a tone signal having a pitch corresponding to a key code assigned to each tone forming channel in accordance with the tone assignment, and generates the tone signal in accordance with the tone control data read from the external memory. Set the tone of the signal. This tone signal forming circuit 18
The tone signal generated from is output to the sound system 15.

FIG. 3 is an external view of one embodiment of the tone signal generator 10. As shown in FIG. An operation panel 17 and a voice cartridge 16 are arranged on the front. Reference numeral 20 denotes a MIDI standard data input terminal, which communicates with the aforementioned MIDI interface 14. The voice cartridge 16 can be attached to and detached from the main body of the tone signal generator 10, and the drawing shows a state in which the voice cartridge 16 is pulled out from the main body by about half. Can be extracted. Knob 21 provided on the front of voice cartridge 16
Is operated when the voice cartridge 16 is extracted from the main body of the tone signal generator 10. When the voice cartridge 16 is completely attached to the main body, an engaging mechanism (not shown) operates so that the voice cartridge 16 does not easily come out of the main body.
Is moved, the engagement of the engagement mechanism is released, and the voice cartridge 16 can be pulled out.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing the external appearance of the voice cartridge 16. The memory connection portion comprises slots S0 to S7 into which the packaged external memory 22 is inserted, and a maximum of eight external memories 22 are mounted. can do. Hereinafter, the memory connection unit is called a “slot”, and the external memory is called a voice pack. The reason for the voice pack is that the external memory in this embodiment stores tone color setting data (voice data) as tone control data. The slots S0 to S7 are opened and closed by a cover 23. FIG. 5 is a top view of the slots S0 to S7 with the cover 23 opened. As shown therein, the slots S0 to S7 are formed obliquely with respect to the width of the voice cartridge 16.
As a result, the length of the slots S0 to S7, that is, the voice pack
The width of the voice cartridge 16 can be made smaller than the length of the voice cartridge 22, and the size of the voice cartridge 16 and the main body of the tone signal generator 10 can be reduced accordingly.

On the front surface of the voice cartridge 16, LEDs (light emitting diodes) are provided corresponding to the slots S0 to S7. The LED corresponding to the slot in which the voice pack is mounted is lit to indicate the status of the voice pack.

FIG. 6 is a memory map showing a storage configuration example of one voice pack, and stores tone color setting data corresponding to one tone color as tone control data. For more information,
The tone color setting data stored here is composed of tone waveform data having a plurality of cycles for realizing the tone color. More specifically, in order to perform tone change control (key scaling of a tone) according to the pitch of a musical tone and to perform tone change control (touch control of a tone) according to a key touch, each pitch (or A plurality of musical tone waveform data are stored in one voice pack in correspondence with the key range and the key touch.

The voice pack includes an initial data storage area 24, a key bank offset table 25, and a plurality of key banks KB (0) to KB (n) corresponding to each pitch (or range). The initial data storage area 24 stores predetermined initial data relating to the voice pack. The type of initial data includes, for example, pack type data PACKID,
Voice name (tone name) data VNAME, page number data PA
GEM, page number data PAGEC, etc.

The pack type data PACKID is data indicating the type of the tone control data stored in the external memory pack. The types of external memory packs include voice (tone color), automatic base chord, automatic rhythm, and the like. For example, it is assumed that those packs have the same size. The pack type data PACKID is used to confirm on the device side whether the proper external memory pack is mounted. In the case of a voice pack, pack type data PACK indicating the voice (tone)
I remember my ID.

The voice name data VNAME is data indicating a tone name (for example, “piano”, “flute”, etc.) realized by the tone control data stored in the voice pack.

The page number data PAGEM and page number data PAGEC are
This is data for identifying whether all of the tone control data for one tone is stored in one voice pack or divided into a plurality of voice packs. In the case of a timbre in which the timbre changes in a complex manner in accordance with a timbre change control factor such as a pitch, a key touch, or a time, the amount of musical tone control data for one timbre becomes large and it cannot be stored in one voice pack. In such a case, the tone control data for one tone is divided into a plurality of voice packs and stored.

The page number data PAGEM is data indicating how many voice packs (how many pages) musical tone control data for one tone is divided and stored. For example, when the tone control control data for one color benefit is divided into three voice packs and stored, the page number data PAGEM is "3". When all of the tone control data for one tone is stored in one voice pack, the page number data PAGEM is "1".

The page number data PAGEC is obtained when the tone control data for one tone is divided into a plurality of voice packs and stored.
This is data indicating the division order (the page) of the tone control data stored in the voice pack. For example, if the tone control data for one tone is divided into three voice packs and stored, and if the tone control data is stored in the second divided order, the page number data PAGEC is "2". ". When all tone control data for one tone is stored in one voice pack, the page number data
PAGEC is "1".

The key bank offset table 25 stores key bank offset address data KBOSA (0) to KBO corresponding to each key.
The key bank offset address data KBOSA (0) to KBOSA which store a SA (n) and use a key code designating a pitch of a musical tone to be generated as an address signal.
Read (n). The key bank offset address data KBOSA (0) to KBOSA (n) are stored in each key bank KB.
This is data indicating the head address of (0) to KB (n), and is an offset address (relative address) from the head address of the key bank offset table 25 (this is called a voice address VAD). Each key bank KB
(0) to KB (n) correspond to a pitch or a tone range.

As shown, one key bank KB (0) includes a touch bank offset table 26 and a plurality of touch banks TB.
(0) to TB (m). Other key banks KB
(1) to KB (n) have the same configuration.

The touch bank offset table 26 stores touch bank offset address data corresponding to each stage of key touch.
TBOSA (0) to TBOSA (m) are stored, and the corresponding touch bank offset address data TBOSA (0) to TBOSA (m) are read out using the key touch data as an address signal. This touch bank offset address data
TBOSA (0) to TBOSA (m) are for each touch bank TB (0)
TBTB (m), which is the data indicating the head address of the touch bank offset table 26 (this is an address corresponding to the key bank offset address data KBOSA (0) of the corresponding key bank KB (0)). ) Is an offset address (relative address). Each touch bank TB (0) to TB (m) corresponds to each stage of key touch.

As shown, one touch bank TB (0) has a storage area 27 for envelope setting data EG, a storage area 28 for start address data SAD, end address data EAD and peat address data RAD, and storage of waveform sample data. It consists of area 29. Other Touch Bank TB
(1) to TB (m) have the same configuration.

Envelope setting data EG contains attack, decay,
This is data for setting the level and rate of each part of the envelope waveform characteristics such as sustain and release.

The waveform sample data stored in the storage area 29 is the seventh
As shown in the figure, the data consists of data obtained by encoding the entire waveform of the attack part and the multi-period waveform of the sustain part by, for example, the PCM method.
The start address data SAD is data indicating the head address of the attack part stored in the storage area 29. The end address data EAD is data indicating the last address of the continuation part stored in the storage area 29.
The repeat address data RAD is data indicating the head address of the continuous part stored in the storage area 29. The method of reading out the waveform sample data stored in the storage area 29 is to read all the waveform data of the attack part starting from the start address SAD once, and then to read the multi-period waveform data of the sustain part between the repeat address RAD and the end address EAD. Read repeatedly. Start address data SAD and end address data stored in storage area 28
The EAD and the repeat address data RAD correspond to the start address, the end address, and the repeat address in the storage area 29 at the start address of the corresponding touch bank TB (0) (that is, the touch bank offset address data TBOSA (0)). Address) (relative address).

In FIG. 7, for the sake of illustration, the waveform of the attack portion is provided with an envelope.
It is assumed that the envelope level of the waveform sample data stored in is stored at a predetermined level, and that the envelope is freely added after reading out the envelope level.

As described above, one voice pack is provided with a plurality of (n × m) storage areas 29 storing different tone waveform data according to a combination of a pitch and a key touch. 1 according to the pitch of the key and the key touch applied to the key.
One storage area 29 is selected, and the waveform data stored therein is read.

In this embodiment, an absolute address is assigned to each of the slots S0 to S7 by regarding the entire voice cartridge 16 as one memory. This is shown in FIG. 8 as shown in FIG. 8, where a predetermined initial address (this is called a pack initial address, PAD (0)
) Are assigned, and similarly for each slot S1 to S7, one of the pack initial addresses PAD (1) to PAD (7) is assigned.
Absolute addresses for voice packs are assigned respectively. The microcomputer accesses each voice pack of the voice cartridge 16 using the absolute address.

Returning to FIG. 6, the head address of the storage area of the voice pack, that is, the head address of the initial data storage area 24 corresponds to the above-mentioned pack initial address PAD (SN). As is clear from the above, this pack initial address PAD (SN)
Are not specific to the voice pack, but specific to the slots S0 to S7 in which the voice pack is mounted. Therefore, the SN in the display PAD (SN) of the pack initial address indicates the slot S0 to S7 in which the voice pack is mounted.
Indicates the number. That is, the pack initial address PAD (SN)
Is one of PAD (0) to PAD (7) depending on which slot S0 to S7 the voice pack is attached to.

In this embodiment, the head address of the key bank offset table 25 is determined as a reference address for reading data from the voice pack. The absolute address of the head address of the key bank offset table 25 is referred to as a voice address VAD. The offset address of the head address of the key bank offset table 25 with respect to the pack initial address PAD (SN) is called an initial data offset address IOSA, and the voice address VA
D can be obtained by adding the initial data offset address IOSA to the pack initial address PAD (SN) as described below.

VAD = PAD (SN) + IOSA (1) For this voice address VAD, key bank offset address data (KBOSA) read from the key bank offset table 25 according to the key code of the pressed key
(0) to HBOSA (n); this is indicated by KBOSA (i)) and touch bank offset address data (TBOSA (0) to TBOSA) read from the touch bank offset table 26 in accordance with the key touch data. 1 of (m)
This is represented by TBOSA (i)) to obtain the touchback offset address data TBOSA.
Absolute address corresponding to (i) (this is AbTBOSA (i)
) Can be specified.

AbTBOSA (i) = VAD + KBOSA (i) + TBOSA (i) (2) This touch bank offset address data TBOSA
The absolute address AbTBOSA (i) of (i) is stored in the storage area 28
From the start address data SAD, the end address data EAD and the repeat address data RAD read from the
D, the absolute address of the end address data EAD and the repeat address data RAD can be obtained. By accessing the voice cartridge 16 using the absolute address data of the start address data SAD, the end address data EAD, and the repeat address data RAD thus obtained, the waveform sample data stored in the storage area 29 can be read.

An example of a flowchart of a process related to the present invention among the processes executed by the microcomputer in the musical tone signal generator 10 is shown in FIGS. 10 to 13.
Data and working RA used in connection with this process
An example of the contents stored in M13 is shown in FIG.

STFLG is a standby flag, which is “0” when in the standby mode and “1” when sound can be generated. In the standby mode, the presence / absence of a voice pack in each of the slots S0 to S7 is detected, and a process of assigning the above-mentioned “voice number (tone number)”, that is, “order” to the slot in which the voice pack is mounted is performed. .

CVNO is a voice number register that stores the currently selected voice number. The content of the voice number register CVNO increases or decreases according to the operation of the up switch USW and the down switch DSW.

MAXVN is a maximum voice number (maximum rank) register and stores the maximum voice number (maximum rank) assigned by the rank assignment processing. The number of selectable "voice numbers", that is, "ranks" is limited to the number corresponding to the maximum voice number (maximum rank).

VAD (0) to VAD (7) are voice address registers corresponding to each rank (voice number) of “0” to “7”, and each rank is a voice pack attached to the assigned slot S0 to S7. Are stored respectively. When the order or voice number is indicated by VN, the voice address register corresponding to a certain voice number (or order) VN is generally indicated by VAD (VN). As described above, the voice address VAD is determined in relation to the pack initial address PAD (SN) of the slots S0 to S7. Therefore, in the voice address registers VAD (0) to VAD (7) corresponding to each rank (voice number), information relating to the slots S0 to S7 to which the rank is assigned, that is, the voice address VAD is stored. Will be.

VNMREG (0) to VNMREG (7) are voice name (tone name) registers corresponding to each rank (voice number) of "0" to "7", and a slot S0 to which each rank is assigned.
The voice name VNAME of the voice pack attached to S7 is stored.

STSN is a start slot number register.
When a voice pack storing tone control data relating to timbres divided into a plurality of voice packs is installed, the number of the slot in which the first voice pack is installed is stored.

VNSTK is a voice name register that stores voice name data VNAME of the first voice pack when a voice pack storing tone control data for one tone divided into a plurality of voice packs is installed. It is something to keep.

PGSTK is a page number register. When a voice pack storing tone control data for one tone divided into a plurality of voice packs is installed, the page number data PAGEM of the first voice pack is stored. It is something to keep.

These registers STSN, VNSTK, and PGSTK are used to determine whether each voice pack is mounted in the correct order when a voice pack storing tone control data for one tone divided into a plurality of voice packs is mounted. Is used to match

Further, the data and working RAM 13 stores various initial data PACK relating to the voice pack currently being processed for rank assignment.
The ID, VNAME, PAGEM and PAGEC are transferred and stored. Further, in the data and working RAM 13, key data (key codes, key-on signals, etc., which are obtained based on the tone assignment process) of the tone assigned to the tone forming channel of the tone signal forming circuit 18 are stored. , An area for storing operation detection data of switches and the like on the operation panel unit 17 and ON / OFF data of LEDs and the like, and other working areas.

The main routine of FIG. 10 will be described first.
In the initialization processing executed in response to power-on, the standby flag STFLG is set to "0" to set the standby mode, and the contents of various registers are initialized. In addition,
In the standby mode, "STAND BY" is displayed on the display DSPY of the operation panel unit 17.

In the next voice cartridge processing, FIG.
The processing shown in (b) and (c) is executed. Here, each slot S0 in the voice cartridge 16 is mainly used.
~ Detects whether a voice pack is attached to S7,
Based on this, the “order assignment process” is performed.

In the next tone color selection switch scan processing, it is detected whether the up switch USW or the down switch DSW for tone color selection has been turned on. When the ON event of the up switch USW or the down switch DSW is detected, the processing as shown in FIG. 12 is executed, and the selected “voice number”, that is, “order” is determined.

In the other panel operator scanning process, the state of other switches and operators in the operation panel unit 17 is detected, and processing based on this is performed.

The key-on event processing or the key-off event processing in FIG. 13 is performed as an interrupt processing for the main routine when a key-on event signal indicating a new key press or a key-off event signal indicating a new key release is given via the MIDI interface 14. Be executed.

The voice cartridge processing will be described with reference to FIG.

First, in FIG. 11 (a), the standby flag STFL
On condition that G is “0”, the process proceeds from step 30 to 31 to check whether the voice cartridge 16 is newly mounted. If the voice cartridge 16 is newly installed,
Go to step 32, and if there is no change in the voice cartridge 16, go to return.

In step 32, select “STAND
"BY" is turned off. In the next step 33, the standby flag STFLG is set to "1".

In step 34, the slot number SN and the voice number (that is, ranking data) VN are each initialized to “0”.
The slot number SN and the voice number VN respectively indicate the slot currently undergoing rank assignment processing and the rank (ie, voice number) to be assigned to the slot. Next, the procedure goes to step 35 of FIG. 11 (b).

In step 35, initial data (pack type data PACKID, voice name data VNAME, page number data PAGEM, page number data PAGEC) are obtained from the voice pack mounted in the slot (one of S0 to S7) designated by the slot number SN. Read).

In step 36, it is checked whether the initial data has been read normally. When reading is performed normally, it means that a voice pack is mounted in this slot. Therefore, in this step 36, it is detected whether or not the voice pack is installed in the slot.

In step 37, the read pack type data PACKID
To see if it is from a voice pack for tone setting.

In step 38, it is checked whether or not the read page number data PAGEM is larger than "1", that is, whether or not the plurality of voice packs correspond to one tone color.

If steps 36 and 37 are YES and step 38 is NO, it means that one voice pack is a voice pack corresponding to one tone color, and the process goes to step 39. Steps 36, 37, 38
If the answer is YES, it means that the voice pack corresponds to one tone in a plurality of voice packs, and the process goes to step 50 in FIG. 11 (c).

In step 39, the above-mentioned equation (1) is executed to obtain the voice address VAD, and this is stored in the voice address register VAD (VN) indicated by the voice number VN.
That is, the initial data offset address IOSA is added to the pack initial address PAD (SN) of the slot indicated by the slot number SN to obtain a voice address VAD for the slot, and this is converted to the voice address indicated by the voice number VN. It is stored in the register VAD (VN). Thus, the order indicated by the voice number VN is assigned to the slot indicated by the slot number SN. That is, the voice address VAD for the slot corresponds to the voice address register VAD (VN) corresponding to the order indicated by the voice number VN.
Is stored.

In step 40, among the LEDs corresponding to each slot in the voice cartridge 16, the LED (SN) corresponding to the slot indicated by the slot number SN is turned on.

In step 41, the voice name data VNAME read in step 35 is stored in the voice name register VNMREG (VN) corresponding to the order indicated by the voice number VN.
To memorize.

 In step 42, the voice number VN is increased by one.

 In step 43, the slot number SN is incremented by one.

In step 44, it is checked whether the slot number SN has exceeded the maximum value “7”. If not, return to step 35; otherwise, go to step 45.

The processing of steps 35 to 44 is performed for all slots S0 to S7. Thereby, it is detected whether or not the voice pack is mounted in each slot. Step 39 for slots with voice packs
The processing is executed up to 42, and the voice number VN is
(That is, ranking) is assigned. If the voice pack is not properly installed, go to step 49 from step 36 or 37, and
After turning off the LED (SN), go to step 43. Step 4
By the processing of 2, the voice number VN (that is, the rank) is increased only when an assignment is made for the slot in which the voice pack is mounted.

Thus, for example, if a voice pack is installed only in slots S0, S1, S3, and S6, "0" is assigned to slot S0, "1" is assigned to S1, "2" is assigned to S3, and "3" is assigned to S6. Other slots S2, S4, S5, S where no voice pack is installed
No voice number (that is, ranking) is assigned to 7. That is, in this case, the voice number “0”,
Slots S0, S1, S3 where voice packs are mounted in voice address registers VAD (0), VAD (1), VAD (2), VAD (3) corresponding to "1", "2", and "3". , S6 are stored.

In step 45, a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the voice number VN is set in the maximum voice number register MAXVN. Since 1 is added to VN in step 42 before the operation proceeds to step 45, the value of the voice number VN is one larger than the actual maximum voice number. Therefore, VN-1 is assigned to the assigned voice. The maximum voice number among the numbers is stored in the maximum voice number register MAXVN.

In step 46, it is checked whether the maximum voice number of the register MAXVN is -1. If no valid voice pack is installed in the voice cartridge 16, the voice number VN remains at the default value "0", and when subtracting 1, the value becomes -1 which is stored in the register MAXVN. . In such a case, go to steps 47 and 48,
Display "STAND BY" on the display DSPY,
The standby flag STFLG is set to "0" to enter the standby mode, and the contents of various registers are initialized.

When a voice pack corresponding to one tone is mounted in a plurality of voice packs, the process proceeds from YES in step 38 (FIG. 11 (b)) to step 50 (FIG. 11 (c)).

In step 50, the slot number SN at that time is stored in the start slot number register STSN, the page number data PAGM is stored in the page number register PGSTK, and the voice name data VNAME is stored in the voice name register VNSTK.

In step 51, the page number PN is initialized to "1".

In step 52, it is checked whether the data PAGEC matches the page number of the currently processed voice pack with the page number PN. If YES, the process goes to step 53, where the slot number SN and the page number PN are each increased by one.

In the next step 54, as in step 35, initial data (pack type data PACKID, voice name data VNAME, voice name data PACKID) is read from the voice pack mounted in the slot (any of S0 to S7) designated by the slot number SN.
Page number data PAGEM, page number data PAGEC, etc.).

In the next steps 55 and 56, similarly to the steps 36 and 37, it is checked whether or not the initial data has been read normally, and it is checked whether or not the read pack type data PACKID is that of a voice pack for setting a tone color.

In step 57, the read voice name data VNAM
It is checked whether E matches the voice name of the first voice pack stored in the voice name register VNSTK.

In step 58, it is checked whether the read page number data PAGEM matches the page number of the first voice pack stored in the page number register PGSTK.

In step 59, the read page number data PAGEC
Of the page number PN indicating the page number currently being processed.

In step 60, it is checked whether the page number PN indicating the page number currently being processed matches the read page number data PAGEM. If NO, return to step 53, step
The process from 53 to 60 is repeated. If step 60 is YES, it is the last page, and the process goes to step 61.

In step 61, a voice address VAD is obtained by executing the above equation (1), and stored in the voice address register VAD (VN) indicated by the voice number VN, in substantially the same manner as in step 39 described above. . The difference from step 39 is that the initial data offset address IOSA is added to the pack initial address PAD (STSN) of the slot specified by the slot number of the first page voice pack stored in the start slot number register STSN. The point is that the voice address VAD for the slot in which the first voice pack is mounted is obtained. During the processing of steps 50 to 60, the voice number VN does not change, so that a common voice number VN (ie, rank) is assigned to a plurality of slots in which a plurality of voice packs corresponding to one tone color are mounted.

In step 62, the start slot number register ST
LED (STS) corresponding to the slot indicated by the slot number of the first page voice pack stored in SN
N) to this slot number from page number data PAGEM
LED (STSN) corresponding to the slot number to which the smaller number is added
Turn on all LEDs up to + PAGEM-1). That is, all LEDs corresponding to a plurality of slots in which a plurality of voice packs corresponding to one tone are mounted are turned on. After step 62,
Go to step 42 (FIG. 11 (b)), and increase the voice number VN by one.

If at least one of the determinations in steps 52 and 55 to 59 is NO, the process jumps to step 49 (FIG. 11 (b)), and no rank is assigned. Therefore, in this embodiment, a plurality of voice packs corresponding to one tone must be mounted adjacent to each other in the order of the page from the slot with the smallest number.

When the standby flag STFLG is "1", the result of step 30 in FIG. 11 (a) is NO, and the routine goes to step 63. In step 63, it is checked whether the voice cartridge 16 has been removed. If it has not been removed, the process goes to the return. If it has been removed, the process goes to step 64 to perform processing for transmitting the forcing dump signal FDMP to the currently sounding channel. This is because when the voice cartridge 16 is removed, the sound being generated is rapidly attenuated. The following steps 65 and 66 are the same processing as steps 47 and 48 described above, and return to the standby mode.

Next, the voice number selection processing by the up / down switches USW and DSW will be described with reference to FIG.

When the up switch USW ON event is detected,
The process proceeds from step 67 to step 68 on condition that the standby flag STFLG is "1", and the value obtained by adding 1 to the current value of the voice number register CVNO is the maximum voice number register MAXVN.
To determine if it is greater than the maximum voice number stored in If NO, in step 69 voice number register CVNO
Is incremented by one. If YES, the contents of the voice number register CVNO are reset to "0" in step 70.

In the next step 71, the voice number (ie, rank) corresponding to the current value of the voice number register CVNO and the voice name register VNMREG () corresponding to the voice number (ie, rank) indicated by the current value of the voice number register CVNO. CVNO) and the voice name (tone name) stored in the display DSPY.

When the down switch DSW ON event is detected,
On condition that the standby flag STFLG is "1", the process proceeds from step 72 to step 73 to check whether a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the current value of the voice number register CVNO is smaller than "0".
If NO, the content of the voice number register CVNO is decremented by one in step 74. If YES, the content of the voice number register CVNO is set to `` maximum voice number register MA '' in step 75.
Set to "Maximum voice number stored in XVN".
Then go to step 71.

Up / down switch USW, DSW
The contents of the voice number register CVNO are increased / decreased in accordance with the operation, and the voice number (that is, the rank) is selected. The selected voice number (order) is displayed on the display DSPY. Also, this selected voice number (rank)
The tone name of the tone setting data stored in the voice pack installed in the slot to which is assigned is also displayed on the display DSPY.

By the processing in steps 68, 70, 73, and 75, the change in the content of the voice number register CVNO is limited to a range between "0" and "the maximum voice number stored in the maximum voice number register MAXVN". That is, when the content of the voice number register CVNO is increased, if the content is larger than “the maximum voice number stored in the maximum voice number register MAXVN”, the process goes from YES in step 68 to step 70 and returns to “0”. Will be returned. When the content of the voice number register CVNO is decreased, if the content is smaller than "0", the process goes from YES in step 73 to step 75, where the "maximum voice number stored in the maximum voice number register MAXVN" is set. Will be returned. Thus, the selectable voice numbers (ranks) are the voice numbers (ranks) assigned to the slots in which the voice packs are actually mounted.
Is limited to Therefore, even if the voice number (order) is selected, the inconvenience that the voice pack is not mounted in the slot and no sound can be output is prevented beforehand.

Next, a key-on event and a key-off event will be described with reference to FIG.

If there is a key-on event interrupt, the process proceeds from step 76 to step 77 on condition that the standby flag STFLG is "1", and the key code relating to the key-on event is taken into the key code register KCODE in the RAM 13 from the MIDI interface 14.

In the next step 78, the touch data supplied to the MIDI interface 14 together with the key code relating to the key-on event is taken into the touch data register TDATA in the RAM 13.

In the next step 79, a process of allocating the key code of the newly pressed key taken into the key code register KCODE to any one of the plurality of tone forming channels is performed.

In step 80, according to the above equation (2), one of the key banks in one key bank determined according to the pitch of the musical tone and the key touch.
The absolute address AbTBOSA (i) of the touch bank offset address TBOSA (i) of one touch bank (FIG. 6) is obtained, and the tone control data is read from the touch bank in accordance with the absolute address AbTBOSA (i). Specifically, the voice address is read from the voice address register VAD (CVNO) corresponding to the voice number stored in the voice number register CVNO (this voice address is the voice address VAD for the slot to which the currently selected voice number is allocated). The key bank offset address data KBOSA (i) is read from the key bank offset table 25 in accordance with the read voice address VAD and the key code stored in the key code register KCODE, and the VAD and the read KBOSA are read. The touch bank offset address data TBOSA (i) is read from the touch bank offset table 26 in accordance with (i) and the touch data stored in the touch data register TDATA. Bank offset address TB
The absolute address AbTBOSA (i) of the OSA (i) is obtained, and the envelope setting data EG is obtained from the storage areas 27 and 28 of the touch bank specified by the absolute address AbTBOSA (i).
Then, the start address data SAD, the end address data EAD and the repeat address data RAD are read. Then, the touch bank offset address data TBOSA
By adding the absolute address AbTBOSA (i) of (i) to the start address data SAD, the end address data EAD, and the repeat address data RAD, respectively,
Start address data SAD, end address data EAD
And absolute address AbSAD, A of repeat address data RAD
Find bEAD and AbRAD respectively. And these data EG, A
The bSAD, AbEAD, AbRAD, the key code of the key code register KCODE, and the touch data of the touch data register TDATA are converted to the tone signal forming circuit 18 (this is indicated by TG in the flowchart) in correspondence with the channel to which the new press key is assigned.
To send to.

In step 81, the key-on pulse KONP is sent to the tone signal forming circuit 18 corresponding to the channel to which the new pressed key is assigned. In response to this, the tone generation for the new pressed key is started.

In the case where the data for one tone is divided and stored in a plurality of voice packs, the memory map of the voice pack on the first page is as shown in FIG. Bank offset table 25
Is not provided. That is, only the first page voice pack has the key bank offset table 25, and the first page key bank offset table 25
The key bank offset address data of the key bank for all pages is stored in the key bank. The key bank offset address data is offset address data from the first address of the key bank offset table 25 for the first page. Therefore, for example, the key bank offset address data KBOSA (i) of the key bank KB (i) in the second page voice pack is the head address of the key bank offset table 25 of the first page voice pack (that is, the voice address VAD). ), The absolute address AbTBOSA (i) of the touch bank offset address TBOSA (i) of one touch bank in the key bank KB (i) is obtained in the same manner as described above. ), The voice address VAD and the key bank offset address data KBOSA
(I) and touch bank offset address data TBOSA
(I) may be added.

Even when one key bank is divided into two pages, the tachi bank offset table 26 of the key bank is located on the voice pack of the previous page, and the remaining voice bank of the later page contains the rest of the touch bank. is there. Even in this case, the touch bank offset address TBOSA of the touch bank TB (i) in the voice pack of the later page
(I) is an offset address from the head address of the relevant key bank in the voice pack of the previous page (that is, the key bank offset address KBOSA), and the equation (2) can be applied without any problem. I have.

In FIG. 13, when a key-off event is interrupted, the process proceeds to steps 82 to 83 on condition that the standby flag STFLG is “1”, and the key code relating to the key-off event is transmitted from the MIDI interface 14 to the key code register in the RAM 13. Import to KCODE.

In the next step 84, this key code register KCODE
It is checked whether the tone corresponding to the new key release corresponding to the key code stored in is currently being sounded (in other words, whether the channel is allocated). If it is not sounding (if the channel is not assigned), the program goes to the return. If it is sounding (if the channel is assigned), the program goes to step 85 to select the channel to which the key code relating to the new key release is assigned. Corresponding key-off pulse KOFP to tone signal formation circuit
Send to 18. In response to this, the tone generation for the new key release is terminated.

FIG. 14 shows an example of the tone signal forming circuit 18. In this example, the voice pack mounted in each of the slots S0 to S7 of the voice cartridge 16 is used as it is as a sound source memory.

The key code register 86 stores the key code assigned to each channel.
The key code of the newly pressed key stored in the key code register KCODE hit by the tone signal forming circuit 18 is fetched by the above processing and stored in correspondence with the assigned channel.

The address control data register 87 corresponds to the step shown in FIG.
The start address decoder AbSAD, the end address data AbEAD, and the repeat address data AbR comprising the absolute address given to the tone signal forming circuit 18 by the processing of 80.
Each of the ADs is stored, and these data are stored for each channel.

The address signal generating circuit 88 includes a key code assigned to each channel provided from the key code register 86, and start address data AbSAD and end address data AbEAD provided from the address control data register 87.
And the repeat address data AbRAD and the key-on pulse KONP given to the tone signal forming circuit 18 by the processing of step 81 in FIG.
An address signal for reading waveform sample data from a storage area 29 (FIG. 6) in one touch bank corresponding to one key bank in a voice pack inserted into one slot is generated. For example, key-on pulse
The generation of the address signal is started with the start address data AbSAD as the initial address in accordance with KONP, and the reading of the waveform sample data is controlled as described above. The reading of the waveform sample data is performed in a time-division manner for each channel.

The waveform sample data read from the voice pack of the voice cartridge 16 is supplied to an envelope providing circuit 89. Envelope control data register 90 contains the thirteenth
The envelope setting data EG, key-on pulse KONP, key-off pulse KOFP, and forcing dump signal FDMP given to the tone signal forming circuit 18 by the processing of steps 80, 81, and 85 and the processing of step 64 of FIG. , And the touch data of the touch data register TDATA, respectively, and these data are stored for each channel. The envelope assigning circuit 89 forms envelope waveform data for each channel based on these data provided from the envelope control data register 90, and thereby assigns the envelope of the waveform sample data read from the voice cartridge 16. Envelope assignment circuit
The waveform sample data of each channel output in a time-division manner from 89 is summed by an accumulator 91 and then converted into an analog signal by a digital / analog converter 92.

In the above embodiment, the voice address register VA is used as a means for storing the allocation result in the rank allocation means.
D (0) to VAD (7) are provided. In this case, each register
VAD (0) to VAD (7) are each rank (that is, voice number)
It corresponds to. Then, in the registers VAD (0) to VAD (7) corresponding to each rank, the voice address data VAD relating to the slot (that is, the memory connection unit) to which the rank is assigned is stored. In this case, the voice address data VAD is composed of the absolute address data as described above. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The voice address data VAD may simply store the slot number data. Conversely, each slot (that is, memory connection portion) S0 to S7
May be stored in each storage location, and data (for example, voice number) related to the rank assigned to the slot (that is, the memory connection unit) may be stored.

In the above-described embodiment, the data indicating the ranking is composed of numerical data such as voice numbers. However, the data is not limited to numerical data, and digital codes such as characters or symbols may be used. Further, when the order is assigned, the order is assigned in order from “0” in the above embodiment, but this order may be any order.

Further, in the above embodiment, the key data is received from the outside via the MIDI interface and a tone signal is generated in accordance with the key data. However, the tone signal generator 10 is provided with a keyboard, and the key data is transmitted from the keyboard. May be received.

In the above embodiment, the up / down switch is used as the operation means for selecting the rank (voice number). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and another operation switch (for example, a rotary encoder or the like) may be used.

In the above embodiment, when the waveform sample data is generated in response to a performance operation such as a key press, the external memory (voice pack) mounted is directly accessed. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The data may be temporarily transferred to a RAM, and by accessing the RAM, the tone control data relating to the external memory may be read and supplied to form a tone signal. In this case, only the tone control data of the external emory corresponding to the order (voice number) selected by the selection means (up / down switch)
The RAM may be transferred to the RAM, and the key-on event process (the process of step 80) of FIG. 13 and the process of reading the waveform sample data based on the output of the address signal generating circuit 88 may be performed on the RAM. Further, the tone control data of all the attached external memories is transferred to the RAM in advance, and the RAM is subjected to the above-described voice cartridge processing shown in FIGS. 11A to 11C and the key-on event processing shown in FIG. The processing of 80) and the reading processing of the waveform sample data based on the output of the address signal generating circuit 88 may be performed. Further, a RAM capable of storing waveform sample data for one tone color is provided in the tone signal forming circuit 18, and the waveform sample data stored in the storage area 29 in FIG. The processing for transferring the data to the RAM is also performed.
May be used to read out the waveform sample data from the RAM.

The encoding method of the waveform sample data stored in the external memory (voice pack) is not limited to PCM, but DPCM (difference PCM), A
An appropriate data compression method such as DPCM (adaptive DPCM), DM (delta modulation), ADM, LPC and the like may be adopted. Also, Japanese Patent Application No. 61-
A data compression scheme based on a combination of linear prediction and a difference scheme as shown in 86835 may be employed.

Further, the waveform sample data stored in the external memory (voice pack) is not limited to the above-mentioned waveform data having a plurality of cycles of the attack portion and the sustain portion, but may be all the waveform sample data from the start to the end of sound generation, or the temporal data. Any part, such as a multi-period waveform corresponding to an intermittent frame, may be used.

The waveform data stored in the external memory (voice pack) is not limited to the amplitude data for each sample point, but also includes tone signal forming circuits such as calculation parameters in the FM tone synthesis method and harmonic coefficient parameters in the harmonic synthesis method. The parameter may be a parameter suitable for the tone generation method adopted in the above.

The tone control data stored in the external memory is not limited to tone setting data such as tone waveform data as in the above-described embodiment, but may be tone setting data including preset data. Data may be used, in short, any data may be used as long as it is used for tone control.

In the above embodiment, the external memory is mounted on the voice cartridge. However, the external memory may be directly removably mounted on the apparatus main body.

In the above embodiment, when a set of musical tone control data (one tone) is stored in a plurality of external memories, if each external memory is not properly mounted in the page order in the adjacent memory connection section, each of the external memories Is not considered to be attached (see FIG. 11 (c)). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and even if a plurality of external memories corresponding to one set of tone control data are mounted in the memory connection unit in any arrangement, this may be regarded as correct mounting. In that case, the read address control of the external memory may be appropriately performed according to the mounting arrangement position of each external memory. To do so, it is determined from the voice name data VNAME and the page number data PAGEC of the external memory installed in each slot (memory connection section) which slot the external memory is installed in, and based on this. What is necessary is just to perform appropriate read address control.

In the above-described embodiment, various processes and controls are realized by software of the microcomputer, but it is needless to say that these can be realized by a dedicated hardware device. Also, the algorithm of the software is not limited to the one shown in the embodiment.

In the above embodiment, one tone data is stored in one external memory, or one tone data is stored by being divided into a plurality of external memories. However, the present invention is not limited to this. A plurality of sets of tone control data) may be stored in one external memory.

The configuration of the memory map in the external memory is the sixth.
It is not limited to the one shown in the figure, but may be any one. For example, as shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 61-117522, a plurality of data banks are provided, and an appropriate data bank is selected by a combination of a pitch and a key touch. May be shared for different combinations of.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, a rank is not assigned to a memory connection unit to which no external memory is mounted, and the selection unit selects an external memory to be used by selecting a rank. Because of this configuration, the memory connection part where the external memory is not mounted is automatically excluded from the selection target by the selection means, and the memory connection part where the external memory is not mounted is erroneously selected. The problem is prevented before it happens. This provides an excellent effect that an external memory used for tone control can be easily and reliably selected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing an outline of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of an embodiment of a tone signal generating apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a tone signal generating apparatus according to the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing the appearance of the voice cartridge in the embodiment, FIG. 5 is a top view showing an example of the arrangement of a plurality of memory connection slots in the voice cartridge, and FIG. 6 is an external memory. 7 is a memory map showing an example of a storage configuration of a voice pack, FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram showing an example of waveform sample data stored in the voice pack of FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a schematic memory map of the entire voice cartridge. FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing the data and the memory map of the working RAM in FIG. 2. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing one of main routines executed by the microcomputer in FIG. 11 (a) to 11 (c) are flowcharts showing an example of the voice cartridge processing in FIG. 10, FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an example of an up switch on event and a down switch on event processing, and FIG. FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an example of the key-on event and key-off event processing. FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing an example of the tone signal forming circuit in FIG. 1a to 1n: external memory, 2a to 2m: memory connection part, 3 ...
... Mounting detecting means, 4 ... Rank assigning means, 5 ... Selecting means, 6 ... Data supplying means, 7 ... Tone signal forming means,
10 ... tone signal generator, 16 ... voice cartridge,
17 Operation panel, S0 to S7 Slots.

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A tone signal forming means for forming a tone signal based on tone control data supplied thereto, a plurality of memory connections to which a plurality of external memories storing tone control data are detachably mounted, Mounting detection means for detecting whether or not the external memory is mounted on the connection portion; and ranking the memory connection portion on which the external memory is actually mounted based on the detection result of the mounting detection means. Order assigning means for assigning each of them, and for selecting and specifying a desired order by a user, wherein the maximum value of the order that can be selected and specified by the user is:
A selecting means for restricting the maximum order assigned by the order assigning means and enabling the selection designation only within the limited order; and the memory connection section corresponding to the order selected and designated by the selecting means. A musical tone signal generating device comprising: data supplying means for specifying musical tone control data relating to an external memory mounted on the specified memory connection unit to the musical tone signal forming means, in accordance with an allocation result of the rank assigning means. 2. The musical tone signal generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said rank assigning means includes a storage means for storing information on a memory connection unit to which a rank is assigned at a storage position corresponding to each rank. apparatus. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said order allocating means includes storage means for storing information relating to the order assigned to each memory connection at a storage location corresponding to each memory connection. Music signal generator.