JP2668671B2 - Step training machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention implements training in which steps of applying a predetermined load are detected while detecting a pulse of an exerciser, and the age and gender input in advance before the training. , The weight of the exerciser and various data such as the exerciser's pulse value during training can be applied to the exerciser to control and optimize the load of the step during the training. The present invention relates to a step-type training machine capable of performing aerobic exercise safely, performing constant-velocity exercise (isokinetic exercise) with stable exercise speed control, and performing training without placing a burden on an exerciser's joints and the like.

(Prior art)

In recent years, various training machines aimed at improving physical fitness for young and old people have been developed.

For example, a so-called stair climbing training in which a pair of left and right crank pedals that can be driven up and down are provided, and the vertical drive of the left and right crank pedals is transmitted to the power generation brake load means to control the vertical drive of the crank pedals. Although a machine is known, since the left and right crank pedals of the conventional training machine for stair climbing were composed of separate springs on the left and right, the reaction force due to the springs on the left and right feet of the exerciser Differently, the exerciser could not simulate the correct climbing of the stairs.

〔Problems to be solved〕

Therefore, the conventional stair climbing training machine is
The reaction force of the crank pedal differs depending on the position of the exerciser and the left and right feet, and there is also a problem with the durability of the spring.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a crank having an L-shape, a step is provided at one end of the L-shaped crank, and a power transmission mechanism such as a chain is provided at the other end.
It is configured by connecting the other end of the power transmission mechanism such as each chain from the character-shaped crank with one spring.

[Action]

Since the above configuration is adopted, if the reaction force of the crank pedal is measured with the spring removed, the load on the power transmission mechanism such as the chain will be higher when the crank pedal position is higher due to the center of gravity of the L-shaped crank arm. As small as
It gets bigger as you go down. The reaction force of the spring attached to the other end of the chain and the fluctuation of the load work so as to cancel each other, and the reaction force of the pedal is kept constant.

Further, by connecting the left and right crank pedals with a single spring, the tension of the springs is kept substantially constant during the movements in which the crank pedals are alternately moved up and down, which improves the durability of the springs.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of a step-type training machine according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall structure of the step-type training machine of the present invention.

In the figure, A is a frame portion, B is a crank pedal portion, and C.
Denotes a crank pedal return mechanism (hereinafter, a driving unit), and D denotes a control unit.

The frame portion A is configured such that one side of a pair of L-shaped under pipes 1a, 1a is arranged horizontally and at equal intervals, and the under plates 1b, 1b are inserted between both under pipes 1a, 1a, and the under Spaces S are formed by interposing a separator (not shown) on the plates 1b, 1b to attach the base plate 1c (base), and the under pipes 1a, 1a are vertically attached to both ends thereof.
1a, an upper pipe molded in a substantially U shape with the same width as 1a
It is configured by connecting both ends of 1d and 1d via color joints 1e and 1e.

The crank pedal portion B is a rear underplate in which both ends of a pivot shaft 2b arranged so as to pass through the corner portions of a pair of substantially L-shaped crank arms 2a, 2a are inserted between the underpipes 1a, 1a. 1b is pivotally supported by a pair of pivot bearings 2c, 2c which are vertically provided at a predetermined interval substantially in the center of the rear edge of the 1b, and the pedals 2d, 2d are pivoted at the respective rear ends of both crank arms 2a, 2a. It is configured to wear. Note that a position slightly eccentric from the pivotal position of the pedals 2d, 2d with respect to the crank arms 2a, 2a, and the pivot shaft 2b
Parallel links 2e, 2e are arranged between the slightly eccentric positions, so that the rotation of both pedals 2d, 2d is always kept horizontal without being affected by the vertical swing angle of the crank arms 2a, 2a. It is configured as follows.

In particular, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the left and right crank arms 2a, 2a are formed in an L shape, and the springs described later are removed to act on the pedals 2d, 2d via the crank arms 2a, 2a. The force T is (distance B between the front center of gravity F of the L-shaped crank arm 2a and the pivot shaft 2b) × (front load L) and (distance A between the rear center of gravity R and the pivot shaft 2b) ×
Since this is the difference from the (rear side load K), the load (reaction force T) applied to the power transmission mechanism such as a chain increases as the positions of the pedals 2d and 2d decrease and increase as the position decreases. That is, the reaction force of the spring attached to the other end of the chain and the fluctuation of the load act so as to cancel each other, so that the reaction force T
Is kept constant.

The drive unit C includes a drive shaft 3c that is disposed between the bearings 3a disposed on the left and right of the base plate 1c toward the rear, and a pair of left and right free wheels 3b and 3b that are disposed through the drive shaft 3c. 1c, a speed increaser 3d attached to one side in front of the speed increaser 3d, and a power generation brake load means 3e disposed on one side of the speed increaser 3d, and these free wheels 3b, 3b, the speed increaser 3d, and the power generation brake load means
3e is driven by the movement of the chains 3f, 3f connected between the ends of the crank arms 2a, 2a described above, that is, the chains 3f, 3f that move with the vertical swing of both crank arms 2a, 2a.
Is transmitted to the drive sprockets 3g, 3g inserted through the drive shaft 3c near the center of the drive shaft at a predetermined interval,
The drive sprocket 3g, 3g rotation is free wheel 3
The rotation of the drive shaft 3c is converted into one-way rotation by the b and 3b and transmitted to the drive shaft 3c, and the rotation of the drive shaft 3c is disposed on one side of the drive shaft 3c, and the sprocket 3i mounted on the input shaft of the speed increaser 3d. The rotation transmitted to the gearbox 3d via the chain 3j wound between the gearboxes 3d, and the rotation accelerated by the gearbox 3d is applied to the timing pulley 3k attached to the output shaft of the gearbox 3d and the power generation brake load means 3e. Timing belt 3m wound between the timing pulley 3l mounted on the input shaft
, And is transmitted to the generator brake load means 3e via the power generator for driving.

The free ends of the chains 3f, 3f stretched over the tips of the crank arms 2a, 2a are wound around the drive sprocket 3 inserted through the drive shaft 3c, and at the approximate center of the rear edge of the base plate 1c. Through a pair of left and right sprockets 3n, 3n arranged at a predetermined interval, and further through the space S formed between the base plate 1c and the under plates 1b, 1b, the front ends of these plates 1b, 1c are substantially centered to the left and right. The pulleys 3p and 3p arranged at intervals of 1p and 3p are spaced apart from each other, and the pulleys 3q and 3q arranged at predetermined intervals are wound on both sides of the rear center of both plates 1b and 1c. And the chains 3f, 3f can be smoothly moved.

The control unit D is an arithmetic processing unit 4b (hereinafter, referred to as a microcomputer in this embodiment) built in a housing 4a attached to the upper end of the above-described underpipe 1d, that is, a substantially central position formed in a U-shape. , A pulse detection circuit 4c, an alarm buzzer 4d, and a display unit 4e arranged on the upper surface of the housing 4a (the display unit includes, for example, pulse value, load level, age, sex, weight,
It is configured to display time, elapsed time, calories burned, type of training, etc.), an input key 4f for inputting various data, and a micro wire arranged outside the housing 4a via a lead wire. It is composed of a rotation speed detector 4g of a power generation brake load means 3e connected to the computer 4b to the pulse detection circuit 4c, a pulse sensor 4h, and a constant current power supply 4i interface circuit. (By connecting a printer via this interface circuit to print out the various data, and by connecting to an external host computer via this interface circuit, the data can be transferred externally instead of key input. It is also possible to have a function of inputting from the above or outputting data such as training results). Hereinafter, the operation of the horizontal type of the step type training machine according to the present invention will be described based on the above-mentioned configuration.

First, the operation of the step-type training machine will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, the exerciser M places both feet on the pedals 2d, 2d, alternately applies weight to the left and right feet, and steps down the left and right crank arms 2a, 2a. By this step operation, the left and right crank arms 2a, 2a rotate by a predetermined angle about the pivot shaft 2b as a fulcrum.

For example, the left crank arm 2a shown by the solid line in FIG.
When stepped down by the left foot of the exerciser M, the tip end of the left crank arm 2a connected to the chain 3f located in front of the pivot shaft 2b moves backward from the lower position shown in FIG. Move to. Therefore, the left chain 3f connected to the tip of the crank arm 2a is pulled out rearward. When the chain 3f is pulled back,
The drive sprocket 3g on which the chain 3f is wound rotates, and this rotation is transmitted to the left free wheel 3b integrated with the drive sprocket 3g.
The drive shaft 3c inserted through the shaft is rotated in one direction.
The rotation of the drive shaft 3c is input to the speed increaser 3d through a sprocket 3h fixed on the left side of the drive shaft 3c and a chain 3j wound around a sprocket 3i attached to the input shaft of the speed increaser 3d. The rotation input to the speed increaser 3d is accelerated to a preset number of rotations, and the timing is wound between the timing pulley 3k attached to the output shaft and the timing pulley 3l attached to the input shaft of the dynamic brake load means 3e. belt
The power is transmitted to the power generation brake load means 3e via 3m to rotate the power generation brake load means 3e.

By the way, since the end portion of the left chain 3f pulled out when the left crank arm 2a is stepped down is connected to the right chain 3f via the spring 3r, the left chain 3f
The movement of is transmitted to the right chain 3f via the spring 3r. Therefore, as shown by the solid line in the figure, the right chain 3f is in a state of being pulled out rearward by the tip portion of the right crank arm 2a, but is in a state of being pulled back by the rearward movement of the left chain 3f, and is rotated rearward. The tip portion of the right crank arm 2a moving forward. That is, at the time when the stepping down of the left crank arm 2a by the left foot of the exerciser M is completed, the exerciser M is ready to pull up the right foot along with the normal step operation, so that the right chain
Since the load on the right crank arm 2a pulled back by 3f is reduced, the pedal 2d side of the right crank arm 2a moves smoothly upward. The tension of the spring 3r that applies a predetermined tension to the left and right crank arms 2a is kept substantially constant, which improves the durability of the spring 3r.

When the stepping down operation of the left foot by the exerciser M is completed, the pedal 2d pivotally attached to the right crank arm 2a moves upward as described above, so that the exerciser M moves upward as the next operation. Step down on the right foot.

When the exerciser M steps down on the right crank arm 2a with his right foot, it moves backward from the position of the tip (not shown) connected to the chain 3f located in front of the pivot shaft 2b of the right crank arm 2a while making an arc rotation. Move to. Therefore, the right chain 3f connected to the tip of the right crank arm 2a is pulled out rearward. When the chain 3f is pulled backward, the drive sprocket 3g around which the chain 3f is wound rotates, and this rotation is performed by the drive sprocket 3g.
The drive shaft 3c is transmitted to the right free wheel 3b integrated therewith, and the drive shaft 3c inserted into the free wheel 3b is rotated in one direction. The rotation of the drive shaft 3c is caused by the sprocket 3h fixed to the left side of the drive shaft 3c and the chain 3j wound around the sprocket 3i attached to the input shaft of the speed increaser 3d.
Is input to the speed increaser 3d via. The rotation input to the speed increaser 3d is accelerated to a preset number of rotations, and the timing is wound between the timing pulley 3k attached to the output shaft and the timing pulley 3l attached to the input shaft of the dynamic brake load means 3e. It is transmitted to the power generation brake load means 3e via the belt 3m to rotate the power generation brake load means 3e.

Since the end portion of the right chain 3f pulled out when the right crank arm 2a is stepped down is connected to the left chain 3f via the spring 3r, the movement of the right chain 3f moves through the spring 3r to the left chain. It is transmitted to 3f. Therefore, the right chain 3f is pulled out by the rearward rotation of the tip of the right crank arm 2a, but the left chain 3f connected via the spring 3r moves forward and enters the retracted state. That is, in the step-type training machine according to the present invention, the exerciser M alternately depresses the left and right crank arms 2a, 2a with the left and right feet while stepping up the steps for a certain period of time, and by the control method described later, the power generation brake is used. This is performed while controlling the load of the load means 3e so as to be an optimum condition for the exerciser M.

Hereinafter, the control method of the above-described power generation brake load means 3e will be described in detail.

First, the exerciser M attaches the pulse sensor 4h to a body that can measure a pulse without any trouble in training such as an earlobe,
Individual data such as age, gender, weight, and exercise time are input from the input keys 4f of the display device 4e shown in FIG.

Next, the exerciser M uses the upper pipes 1d and 1d of the frame portion A.
Balance the body while gripping the handrail part constituted by, and press the start / stop key equipped on the display device 4e to depress the left and right pedals 2d, 2d to start the training.

During the exercise, the display unit displays the pulse value, the load level, the calorie consumption, and the elapsed time since the start of the exercise in real time.

The microcomputer 4b calculates the maximum pulse value, the upper limit pulse value, the target pulse value (general training or training for weight reduction) and the like shown in FIG. 8 based on the personal data input as described above.

The maximum pulse is estimated from the input age and gender by the following formula.

(Male) H Rmax = 209− (0.69 × age) (Female) H Rmax = 205− (0.75 × age) The upper limit pulse value during exercise in this example is set to the maximum pulse value−30. The following control is performed.

Next, the warm-up step 1 is entered.

Warm-up step 1 (see step 1 in FIG. 8) A warm-up load is required to raise the pulse in the normal state before exercise to the target pulse value.

There is a relationship between exercise load and pulse rate, and if the appropriate exercise intensity is given, the target pulse rate should be almost reached. The magnitude of the required warm-up load varies depending on the physical strength level of the exerciser M.

If the physical strength level of the athlete is known, the target exercise intensity may be determined based on it, but if the physical strength level is not known, personal data such as age, gender, and weight may be used in determining the target exercise intensity. Then, warm-up is performed at a general standard exercise intensity that can be calculated in advance, and an appropriate target exercise intensity is derived by estimating a physical strength level from a pulse value obtained during the warm-up.

Based on experiments, 50% of the highest pulse (50
The relationship between the exercise load, which is the percentage H Rmax), and the age was actually measured, and the standard exercise intensity was set according to the following formula based on the results.

Calculation formula of standard exercise load of 50% H Rmax) Step 1 Target exercise load = A1− (B1 × age) A1: 10.0 B1: 0.09 (A1, B1 are the age / exercise intensity graph disclosed in FIG. 9,
Both are constants obtained from experiments. ) Apply a gradually increasing load of 20 minutes step for 3 minutes so as to become the standard exercise intensity at 50% H Rmax obtained as described above, measure the average pulse for 2/3 minutes at that time, and measure the physical strength level. The target exercise intensity of the warm-up step 2 is determined in three stages.

(Step 1 Gradually increasing exercise load) Step value = Step 1 target exercise intensity ÷ 18 (step / 20sec) The target exercise load of Step 2 is set as follows for three levels of physical fitness.

Level 1: When entering the target pulse zone (target pulse + 5 beats or less) within 3 minutes from the start of warming up.

{Enter pulse control processing (Step 2
None)｝ Level 2: When the average pulse for 2 to 3 minutes after the start of warm-up is 60 or more of the maximum pulse (60% H Rmax).

{Step 2 target exercise intensity = Step 1 target exercise intensity +5} Level 3: When the average pulse for 2 to 3 minutes after the start of warming up is 60 (60% H Rmax) or less of the maximum pulse.

{Step 2 target exercise intensity = Step 1 target exercise intensity + 9} A 20-second step incremental load is applied to the power generation brake load means 3e so that the exercise load of the exerciser reaches the target exercise intensity obtained above in 3 minutes.

When the exerciser's pulse value exceeds the upper limit pulse value calculated above, the alarm buzzer 4d gives an alarm. When the upper limit pulse value is exceeded for a certain period of time, the training is terminated.

When the pulse value during the warm-up is larger than the target pulse value minus 5 calculated above: The braking load level of the generator brake load means 3e is reduced by two steps, and the pulse control is started.

When it is small: Apply an increasing load of 3 minutes in 20 second steps and measure the average pulse for 1 minute for 2 to 3 minutes at that time.

When the measured average pulse value is larger than the value of 60% of the target exercise intensity set in the above, the value is changed to a value obtained by adding 5 to the target exercise intensity.

If equal or less: Change to a value obtained by adding 9 to this target exercise intensity.

Next, the warm-up step 2 is entered.

(See step 2 in FIG. 8) Warming up step 2 (gradual increase exercise load) The 20 second step incremental load is controlled by the power generation brake load means 3e so as to increase to the target exercise load of step 2 changed in the above in 5 minutes. The exercise load is gradually increased with the same slope until the exercise pulse enters the target pulse zone.

Step value = (Step 2 target exercise load-Step 1 target exercise load ÷ 15) (step / 20sec) Again, when the pulse value during exercise is larger than the value of gradually increasing pulse value minus 5: exercise by the power-generating brake load means 21 Reduce intensity by 2 steps.

When it is small: Again, the 20 second step gradual load is controlled by the power generation brake load means 21 so that the exercise intensity by the power generation brake load means 3e reaches the target exercise intensity changed in the above 5 minutes.

Incidentally, the step increasing exercise intensity is obtained by the following equation.

Step gradual exercise intensity = (Step 2 target exercise intensity-Step 1 target exercise intensity) ÷ 15 (step / 20sec) If the pulse rate does not become larger than the target pulse value minus 5 in 5 minutes, the target pulse value becomes minus 5 or more. Step increments until

Then enter pulse control.

(See Fig. 8 Automatic control) Pulse control Monitor the pulse value every 20 seconds, and when the target pulse of -5 is passed for the first time, the exercise load during warming up is reduced by 2 steps. In addition, a one-step exercise load for pulse control that matches the physical strength level of the exerciser is determined by the following equation based on the exercise load at this time.

(Exercise load step value for pulse control) Step value = (exercise load x 0.3) ÷ 20 (step / 20sec) Exercise load: Exercise load at the end of warm-up After that, measure the pulse value every 20 seconds and calculate the target pulse value. The difference (ΔHR = HR−THR) is obtained, and control is performed under the following conditions with the range of ΔHR ± 5 as the dead zone.

When ΔHR> 10, lower the 2-step exercise intensity. 5 <ΔHR ≦ 10, lower the 1-step exercise intensity. −5> When ΔHR ≧ −10, increase the 1-step exercise intensity. When ΔHR <−10, increase the 2-step exercise intensity. Raise Next, enter cool down. (See Fig. 8 Cooldown) Cooldown When the preset time has elapsed or when the start / stop key is pressed, the cooldown for 1 minute is performed and the training ends.

That is, the exercise intensity is reduced every 20 seconds in steps of 1/3 of the final exercise intensity.

Also, when the upper limit pulse value during exercise is set to the maximum pulse value -30 and exceeds this, an alarm is sounded to the exerciser by the buzzer 4d,
If the pulse rate exceeds the upper limit pulse value for more than 20 seconds, the program is forcibly terminated.

When the calorie consumption is displayed on the display device 4e, the calorie consumption value is obtained by the following calculation.

Calculation of calorie consumption The calorie consumption is calculated by the following formula.

Calorie consumption = Number of rotations of power generation brake load means x Weight (Kg) x 9.8 x (1 / 0.323) x 0.329 (Kcal) 9.8: Gravity velocity 1 / 0.232: Exercise efficiency 0.239: Calories per 1w [Effect of the invention] As described above, the step-type training machine of the present invention adjusts the driving speed of a pair of crank pedals that are driven independently up and down by the feet of the athlete by the load means,
In a step-type training machine for controlling an exercise load applied to an exerciser, a chain that is connected to each of the crank pedals and is pulled out by depressing the crank pedals, and the other ends of the pair of chains are connected via a pulley. Since the crank pedal return mechanism composed of the elastic means and the crank pedal has the L-shaped stepping portion and the chain connecting portion with the supporting shaft mounting portion as a boundary, the crank pedal with the spring removed. When the reaction force is measured, the load applied to the power transmission mechanism such as the chain becomes smaller as the position of the crank pedal is higher and becomes larger as the position is lower, depending on the position of the center of gravity of the L-shaped crank arm. The reaction force of the spring attached to the other end of the chain and the fluctuation of the load work so as to cancel each other, and the reaction force of the pedal is kept constant, and the left and right crank pedals are connected by one spring. Therefore, when the crank pedal moves up and down alternately, the tension of the spring pulled by the left and right crank pedals is kept substantially constant, and the durability of the spring is improved, so a high quality step training machine can be provided. .

In addition, by exercising at a constant speed with the weight load, which is the daily exercise load, training can be performed with a small physical burden on the exerciser, and at the same time, the target pulse is set so that the exercise load becomes an effective exercise load as aerobic exercise. The exercise load can be controlled so as to maintain the target pulse rate by setting the number of pulses, and in particular, the warming-up process is introduced in the training process, and the pulse rate is calculated based on the physical fitness level of the exerciser measured during the warming-up process. By controlling, stable and highly accurate pulse control is possible. Therefore, by changing the target pulse, it is possible to carry out training corresponding to various training such as weight reduction training and rehabilitation.

Further, it has an excellent effect that the training effect can be confirmed by measuring the average exercise intensity during automatic control.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing a horizontal type embodiment of a step-type training machine of the present invention, FIG. 2 (a),
(B) is a plan view of a main part of the step-type training machine,
A side view, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the same main part, FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view, FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a control unit of a step-type training machine, and FIG. 6 is a panel of the same control unit. FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram, FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the same control unit, FIG. 8 is a graph showing a state of exercise load setting of a step-type training machine, and FIG. 9 is a graph showing experimental data. A ... Frame part, 1a ... Under pipe, 1b ... Under plate, 1c ... Base plate, 1d ... Upper pipe, 1e
... Color joint, B ... Crank pedal part, 2a ... Crank arm, 2b ... Pivot shaft, 2c ... Pivot bearing, 2d ...
Pedal, 2e ... Parallel link, T ... Reaction force, F ... Crank arm front side center of gravity, L ... Front side load, B ... Distance to front side center of gravity, R ... Crank arm rear side center of gravity, K ...
Rear load, A ... distance to the rear center of gravity, C ... driving part, 3a ... bearing, 3b ... free wheel, 3c ... drive shaft, 3d ... speed increaser, 3e ... dynamic braking load means,
3f ... chain, 3g ... drive sprocket, 3h ... sprocket, 3i ... sprocket, 3j ... chain, 3k ... timing pulley, 3l ... timing pulley, 3m ... timing belt, 3n ... sprocket, 3p ... pulley 3q ... pulley, D ...
Control unit, 4a ... Casing, 4b ... Arithmetic processing means, 4c ... Pulse detection circuit, 4d ... Alarm buzzer, 4e ... Display device, 4f ... Input key, 4g
... Rotation speed detector, 4h ... Pulse sensor, 4i ... Constant current power supply.

 ───────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Masao Ito 3-16-9 Uchikanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Within Combi Corporation (56) References: Shokai Sho 62-142369 (JP, U) Shokai Sho49 -10657 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A drive shaft, which is arranged so as to extend between bearings arranged on the left and right sides of a base installed on an under pipe, a speed increasing gear mounted on one front side of the base, and one side of the speed increasing gear. A power generation brake load means to be arranged and a pair of bearings which are vertically installed at a predetermined interval at substantially the center of the rear edge of the base so that both ends of a shaft which is formed in a substantially L shape and penetrates through a corner portion thereof are arranged. A pair of crank pedals that are pivotally supported and drive up and down independently left and right, both chains stretched at the tip of the crank pedal arm, and rotation of a drive sprocket inserted through the drive shaft at a predetermined interval near the center of the drive shaft. A free wheel that converts into one direction of rotation, a sprocket arranged on one side of the drive shaft, a sprocket mounted on the input shaft of the speed increaser, and a chain wound between the sprockets. , A timing pulley mounted on the output shaft of the speed increaser, a timing pulley mounted on the input shaft of the power-generating brake load means, a timing belt winding between the timing pulleys, and a timing belt inserted through the drive shaft. Both chains wound around a drive sprocket and through a pair of left and right sprockets arranged at a prescribed interval approximately at the center of the rear edge of the base, and further wound around a pulley arranged on the base and stretched at the tip of the crank pedal. And a resilient means for connecting each free end of the step type training machine.