JP2678080B2 - Starting method of molten carbonate fuel cell - Google Patents
Starting method of molten carbonate fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JP2678080B2 JP2678080B2 JP2164722A JP16472290A JP2678080B2 JP 2678080 B2 JP2678080 B2 JP 2678080B2 JP 2164722 A JP2164722 A JP 2164722A JP 16472290 A JP16472290 A JP 16472290A JP 2678080 B2 JP2678080 B2 JP 2678080B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- battery
- fuel cell
- firing
- molten carbonate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- YQNQTEBHHUSESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium aluminate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Al]=O YQNQTEBHHUSESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、電池内焼成型の溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池の始
動法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for starting an internal combustion type molten carbonate fuel cell.
従来の技術 溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池の組み立てでは電解質板、電極
等の主要構成要素をあらかじめ焼成あるいは焼結した
後、これを電池に組み立てることが一般的に行なわれて
いる。しかし一方で、これら構成要素の焼成過程を電池
内で行なってしまい、工程の簡略化、量産化、大型化を
より容易に行えるようにする試みもなされている。この
方法はテープキャスティング法などによりシート成形し
た電解質板および電極シートを有機バインダーが含まれ
ている状態で電池に組込み、徐々に電池動作温度（650
℃）にまで昇温することにより、これら構成要素を電池
内で焼成する手法である。この焼成過程中200〜480℃に
おいては電解質板および電極中のバインダーが熱分解、
除去され、490℃前後では電解基板に含有される炭酸塩
が溶融し、緻密でガス隔離性を有する電解質板へと変化
する。さらに電池動作温度にまで昇温することで電極が
焼結または酸化、リチウム化されて、ニッケル、リチウ
ム化酸化ニッケル等からなる多孔質電極に焼成され、ア
ノード、カソードとして機能するようになる。2. Description of the Related Art In assembling a molten carbonate fuel cell, it is common practice to sinter or sinter main components such as an electrolyte plate and electrodes in advance, and then assemble them into a cell. On the other hand, however, attempts have been made to simplify the process, mass-produce, and increase the size of the battery, because the firing process of these components is performed in the battery. In this method, the electrolyte plate and electrode sheet, which are formed by tape casting method, etc., are assembled into the battery in the state that the organic binder is contained, and the battery operation temperature (650
This is a method of firing these constituent elements in the battery by raising the temperature to (° C.). During this firing process, at 200 to 480 ° C, the binder in the electrolyte plate and the electrode is thermally decomposed,
After being removed, the carbonate contained in the electrolytic substrate is melted at around 490 ° C., and changes into a dense and gas-separating electrolyte plate. When the temperature is further raised to the battery operating temperature, the electrodes are sintered or oxidized and lithiated to be a porous electrode made of nickel, lithiated nickel oxide or the like, and function as an anode and a cathode.
発明が解決しようとする課題 しかし、こうした電池内部で焼成を行なう溶融炭酸塩
型燃料電池はその焼成過程において、電解質板のガス気
密性が充分でないことによるガスのクロスリーク発生が
重大な問題となる。特に電解質板に含有される炭酸塩が
溶融して、電解質板中の空隙を塞ぐまでの温度領域にお
いては、電解質板のガス隔離機能が極めて乏しい状態で
あるため第１図に示すように電解質板２を通してのアノ
ードガス４とカソードガス５の交差混合（クロスリー
ク）６の発生が避け難い。クロスリークしたガスは電極
材料が触媒として機能するためにその表面において燃料
ガスの燃料を起こす。この燃料は局所的な温度上昇を引
き起こし、第２図に示すように電解質板、電極の変質や
収縮割れなどを起こしてしまう。この損傷は正常な温度
上昇過程により炭酸塩が溶融した状態においても修復不
可能な損傷として残り、クロスリークの原因となる。ま
た電極についてはは異常焼結等の損傷以外にもアノード
材料の好ましくない酸化等の問題を起こす。こうした現
象により、電池の正常な性能を得ることができなくなる
確率が高く、電池内焼成法の大きな問題となっている。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in such a molten carbonate fuel cell in which firing is performed inside the cell, gas leakage due to insufficient gas tightness of the electrolyte plate is a serious problem in the firing process. . In particular, in the temperature range until the carbonate contained in the electrolyte plate is melted and the voids in the electrolyte plate are closed, the gas separation function of the electrolyte plate is extremely poor, so as shown in FIG. It is difficult to avoid the occurrence of cross-mixing (cross leak) 6 between the anode gas 4 and the cathode gas 5 through 2. The cross-leaked gas causes fuel of fuel gas on its surface because the electrode material functions as a catalyst. This fuel causes a local temperature rise, which causes deterioration of the electrolyte plate and electrodes, shrinkage cracks, and the like, as shown in FIG. This damage remains as irreparable damage even when the carbonate is melted due to the normal temperature rise process, causing cross leak. Further, in addition to damage such as abnormal sintering, the electrode causes problems such as unfavorable oxidation of the anode material. Due to such a phenomenon, there is a high probability that normal performance of the battery cannot be obtained, which is a big problem of the in-battery firing method.
課題を解決するための手段 本発明は、電解質板のガス隔離機能が乏しい電池始動
過程において、供給ガス組成を低燃焼熱の組成に変える
ことを特徴とする。すなわち還元性でかつ低燃焼熱のガ
スを供給することことを特徴とする溶融炭酸塩型燃料電
池の始動法である。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is characterized in that the composition of the supply gas is changed to a composition of low combustion heat in a battery starting process in which the gas isolation function of the electrolyte plate is poor. That is, it is a method for starting a molten carbonate fuel cell, which is characterized by supplying a gas that is reductive and has low combustion heat.
作用 上記方法においては、電解質板のガス隔離機能が乏し
い電池始動過程において、供給ガス組成を低燃焼熱の組
成に変えること、すなわち還元性でかつ低燃焼熱のガス
を供給することで、電池焼成過程のクロスリークによる
燃料ガスの燃焼が起きても重大な損傷を与えるような局
所的異常昇温が発生することを抑制している。これによ
り電池焼成過程での電解質板、電極への致命的な損傷発
生の確率を著しく低下させることができる。In the above method, in the battery starting process in which the gas isolation function of the electrolyte plate is poor, the composition of the supply gas is changed to a composition of low combustion heat, that is, by supplying a gas of reducing and low combustion heat, battery firing is performed. It suppresses the occurrence of local abnormal temperature rise that causes serious damage even if combustion of fuel gas occurs due to cross leak in the process. This can significantly reduce the probability of fatal damage to the electrolyte plate and electrodes during the firing process of the battery.
またアノードガスは還元性ガスと水蒸気を含有するた
め、焼成過程におけるアノード材料の酸化を抑制すると
同時に、水蒸気による弱い酸化作用も有するため、電解
質板、電極中の有機バインダー等の酸化除去が支障なく
進行する。またカソード側では供給ガス中に含有される
酸素が有機バインダーの酸化除去、カソードの酸化を行
なうため、電池内焼成を問題なく行なうことができる。In addition, since the anode gas contains reducing gas and water vapor, it suppresses the oxidation of the anode material during the firing process and at the same time has a weak oxidizing action by water vapor, so there is no problem in removing the oxidation of the organic binder in the electrolyte plate and the electrode. proceed. Further, on the cathode side, oxygen contained in the supply gas oxidizes and removes the organic binder and oxidizes the cathode, so that firing in the battery can be performed without any problem.
実施例 以下、本発明を実施例に従って説明する。Examples Hereinafter, the present invention will be described according to examples.
（実施例１） 溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池は有効電極面積100cm2の単電池
を用いた。この電池の組み立て時の構成要素は、ニッケ
ル粉末を主成分とし有機バインダーを用いてテープ成形
したカソード、ニッケル系合金粉末を同様にテープ成形
したアノード、および電解質保持体であるアルミン酸リ
チウムの粉末40wt％と60wt％の炭酸塩（炭酸リチウム：
炭酸カリウム＝62:38mol％）の混合物からなる電解質板
であった。これらの構成要素はすべて有機バインダーを
含有している状態で電池に組み込まれ、以下の条件で電
池内焼成を行なった。アノードガスとして水素５％、水
蒸気18％、炭酸ガス10％、残り窒素からなるガスを供給
し、他方カソードガスとしては酸素14％、炭酸ガス30
％、窒素56％を含むガスを用いた。またスタック圧とし
ては2kg/cm2を印加し、前記ガスを供給しながら約50時
間かけて650℃まで昇温し、焼成を行なった。温度が650
℃となった時点でアノードガスを水素66％、炭酸ガス16
％、水蒸気18％の標準的なアノードガスに変え、そのま
ま24時間保持した。その後この溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池の
特性を調べた結果、クロスリーク（アノード排出ガス中
に含まれる窒素ガス量で代表させるとする）は0.3％で
あり、開路電圧も約1.07Vと正常な値を示した。また燃
料利用率40％、150mA/cm2放電時においても出力電圧0.8
6Vと正常な性能であった。(Example 1) As the molten carbonate fuel cell, a single cell having an effective electrode area of 100 cm 2 was used. The components during assembly of this battery consisted of a cathode tape-formed with nickel powder as the main component and an organic binder, an anode tape-formed with nickel alloy powder in the same manner, and a lithium aluminate powder 40 wt% electrolyte holder. % And 60 wt% carbonate (lithium carbonate:
It was an electrolyte plate composed of a mixture of potassium carbonate = 62: 38 mol%). All of these constituent elements were incorporated into a battery in a state of containing an organic binder, and firing was performed in the battery under the following conditions. A gas consisting of 5% hydrogen, 18% steam, 10% carbon dioxide and the remaining nitrogen was supplied as the anode gas, while 14% oxygen and 30 carbon dioxide were used as the cathode gas.
%, And a gas containing 56% nitrogen was used. A stack pressure of 2 kg / cm 2 was applied, the temperature was raised to 650 ° C. over about 50 hours while supplying the gas, and firing was performed. Temperature is 650
When the temperature reaches ℃, the anode gas is hydrogen 66%, carbon dioxide 16
%, 18% steam was changed to the standard anode gas, and it was kept for 24 hours. After that, as a result of investigating the characteristics of the molten carbonate fuel cell, the cross leak (represented by the amount of nitrogen gas contained in the anode exhaust gas) was 0.3%, and the open circuit voltage was about 1.07 V, which is a normal value. showed that. Also, the output voltage is 0.8 even when the fuel utilization rate is 40% and the discharge is 150 mA / cm 2.
It was 6V and normal performance.
比較として同じ仕様の電池にアノードガスとして水素
66％、炭酸ガス16％、水蒸気18％のガスを供給しながら
昇温して電池内焼成試験を行なった。その結果、焼成完
了後においてもクロスリークは６％と大きく、出力性能
も150mA/cm2放電時、出力電圧0.67Vと低いものであり焼
成過程での構成要素への損傷があったことを示した。For comparison, batteries with the same specifications have hydrogen as the anode gas.
An internal firing test was carried out while raising the temperature while supplying a gas of 66%, carbon dioxide gas 16%, and steam 18%. As a result, the cross leak was as large as 6% even after the firing was completed, and the output performance was as low as 0.67 V at the time of 150 mA / cm 2 discharge, indicating that there was damage to the constituent elements during the firing process. It was
（実施例２） 電池は実施例１と同様、有効電極面積100cm2の単電池
を用いた。この電池の電極としては、カソードとしてニ
ッケルの焼結多孔板を、またアノードとしてはニッケル
系合金粉末の焼結多孔板を用いた。電解質板としては保
持体であるアルミン酸リチウム粉末と有機バインダーと
からなるマトリクスシート、および炭酸塩（炭酸リチウ
ム：炭酸カリウム＝62:38mol％）と有機バインダーから
なる電解質シートを重ねた合わせたものを用いた。アノ
ードガスとして水素10％、水蒸気15％、炭酸ガス20％、
残り窒素からなるガスを、カソードガスとしては実施例
１と同じ組成のガスを供給し、スタック圧2kg/cm2で約5
0時間かけて650℃まで昇温して電池内焼成を行なった。
この場合、電極はすでに焼結されているものを使用して
いるため、電池内で焼成されるのは電解質板のみとな
る。温度が650℃となった時点でアノードガスを水素66
％、炭酸ガス16％、水蒸気18％のガスに変え、そのまま
２時間保持した後、この電池の特性を調べた。その結
果、クロスリークは0.4％であり、開路電圧も約1.07Vと
正常な値を示した。また燃料利用率40％、150mA/cm2放
電時においても出力電圧0.85Vと正常な性能を示した。
また実施例1,2ともに試験後の電池を解体して電極、電
解質板の状態を観察したが、従来の焼成法においてしば
しば見受けられたような局所的異常昇温に伴う損傷は全
く見られなかった。(Example 2) As the battery, as in Example 1, a single cell having an effective electrode area of 100 cm 2 was used. As the electrode of this battery, a sintered porous plate of nickel was used as the cathode, and a sintered porous plate of nickel-based alloy powder was used as the anode. As the electrolyte plate, a matrix sheet composed of lithium aluminate powder as a holder and an organic binder, and a stack of an electrolyte sheet composed of a carbonate (lithium carbonate: potassium carbonate = 62: 38 mol%) and an organic binder are combined. Using. As anode gas hydrogen 10%, water vapor 15%, carbon dioxide gas 20%,
A gas consisting of the remaining nitrogen and a gas having the same composition as in Example 1 was supplied as the cathode gas, and a stack pressure of about 5 kg / cm 2 was applied to about 5
The temperature was raised to 650 ° C. over 0 hours to perform firing in the battery.
In this case, since the electrode is already sintered, only the electrolyte plate is fired in the battery. When the temperature reached 650 ° C, the anode gas was replaced with hydrogen 66
%, Carbon dioxide gas 16%, water vapor 18% gas, and after holding for 2 hours, the characteristics of this battery were investigated. As a result, the cross leak was 0.4% and the open circuit voltage was about 1.07V, which was a normal value. Moreover, the output voltage was 0.85V and the normal performance was exhibited even when the fuel utilization rate was 40% and 150mA / cm 2 discharge.
Further, in both Examples 1 and 2, the battery after the test was disassembled and the state of the electrodes and the electrolyte plate was observed, but no damage due to the local abnormal temperature rise, which was often found in the conventional firing method, was observed. It was
以上本実施例では、アノードガスとして水素５％、水
蒸気18％、炭酸ガス10％、残り窒素、、カソードガスと
しては酸素14％、炭酸ガス30％、窒素56％を含むガス等
を用いたが、これらの組成は実施例と異なっていても良
い。また不活性ガスとしては窒素ガスを用いているが、
もちろん他の不活性ガスであっても良い。また電池内で
の焼成を要する構成要素は電極、電解質板のいずれか単
独でも、また複数であっても良く、電解質板のタイプあ
らかじめ炭酸塩を含有するものであっても、またあとか
ら含浸させるタイプのものであっても良い。In this embodiment, as the anode gas, 5% hydrogen, 18% steam, 10% carbon dioxide and remaining nitrogen, and as the cathode gas, 14% oxygen, 30% carbon dioxide and 56% nitrogen were used. The composition of these may be different from that of the embodiment. Nitrogen gas is used as the inert gas,
Of course, other inert gas may be used. Further, the constituents that need to be fired in the battery may be either an electrode or an electrolyte plate, or may be a plurality of them, and the type of the electrolyte plate may contain carbonate in advance, or may be impregnated later. It may be of a type.
発明の効果 以上のように本発明は、低燃焼熱のガスを供給するこ
とで電池内焼成過程のクロスリークによる局所的異常昇
温の発生とこれによる電解質板、電極の損傷発生の確率
を著しく低下させることができる。また有機バインダー
等の酸化除去も支障なく行え、アノード等の好ましくな
い酸化も起こらないなどの効果がある。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, the present invention remarkably increases the probability of occurrence of local abnormal temperature rise due to cross leak in the firing process in a battery by supplying a gas with low combustion heat and the resulting occurrence of damage to the electrolyte plate and electrodes. Can be lowered. Further, the organic binder and the like can be removed by oxidation without any trouble, and there is an effect that undesirable oxidation of the anode or the like does not occur.
第１図および第２図は従来の電池内焼成法におけるクロ
スリーク発生状況図と電解質板等の損傷状況図である。 １……アノード、２……電極質板、３……カソード、４
……アノードガス、５……カソードガス、６……クロス
リーク、７……電解質板、電極の損傷部。1 and 2 are a cross-leakage occurrence state diagram and a damage state diagram of an electrolyte plate and the like in a conventional in-battery firing method. 1 ... Anode, 2 ... Electrode plate, 3 ... Cathode, 4
…… Anode gas, 5 …… Cathode gas, 6 …… Cross leak, 7 …… Electrolyte plate, damaged parts of electrodes.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 蒲生 孝治 大阪府門真市大字門真1006番地 松下電 器産業株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭60−101876（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平３−238764（ＪＰ，Ａ) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Koji Kamo 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-60-101876 (JP, A) JP-A-3- 238764 (JP, A)
Claims (1)
を電池内で焼成する溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池において、ア
ノードガスとして還元性ガス１〜30％、水蒸気２〜30
％、炭酸ガス０〜30％、他は不活性ガスからなるガスを
供給し、他方カソードガスとしては少なくとも酸素１〜
20％、炭酸ガス１〜35％を含むガスを供給しながら昇温
・焼成することを特徴とする溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池の始
動法。1. In a molten carbonate fuel cell in which at least one of the constituent elements is fired in the cell at the time of starting the cell, a reducing gas of 1 to 30% and steam of 2 to 30 are used as an anode gas.
%, Carbon dioxide gas 0 to 30%, the other gas is composed of an inert gas, while the cathode gas is at least oxygen 1 to
A method for starting a molten carbonate fuel cell, which comprises heating and firing while supplying a gas containing 20% and carbon dioxide gas of 1 to 35%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2164722A JP2678080B2 (en) | 1990-06-22 | 1990-06-22 | Starting method of molten carbonate fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2164722A JP2678080B2 (en) | 1990-06-22 | 1990-06-22 | Starting method of molten carbonate fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0456073A JPH0456073A (en) | 1992-02-24 |
| JP2678080B2 true JP2678080B2 (en) | 1997-11-17 |
Family
ID=15798653
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2164722A Expired - Fee Related JP2678080B2 (en) | 1990-06-22 | 1990-06-22 | Starting method of molten carbonate fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2678080B2 (en) |
-
1990
- 1990-06-22 JP JP2164722A patent/JP2678080B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0456073A (en) | 1992-02-24 |
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